Slashdot Mirror
Placebos Are Getting More Effective
Wired is reporting that the well-known "placebo effect" seems to be increasing as time goes on. Fewer and fewer medications are actually making it past drug trials since they are unable to show benefits above and beyond a placebo. "It's not only trials of new drugs that are crossing the futility boundary. Some products that have been on the market for decades, like Prozac, are faltering in more recent follow-up tests. In many cases, these are the compounds that, in the late '90s, made Big Pharma more profitable than Big Oil. But if these same drugs were vetted now, the FDA might not approve some of them. Two comprehensive analyses of antidepressant trials have uncovered a dramatic increase in placebo response since the 1980s. One estimated that the so-called effect size (a measure of statistical significance) in placebo groups had nearly doubled over that time."
That guy seems to be ignoring the fact that the placebo effect, being partly psychosomatic, is something that by nature will cloud the results of testing psychiatric drugs as people become more trusting of their effectiveness in general.
People are more and more diagnosed with depression. A high placebo effect in treating depression is, in my uneducated opinion, at least partially indicative of over-diagnosis. While in the past only the truly sick were diagnosed as depressed, today perhaps some of the patients aren't really that depressed, and thus can be treated with placebo/happy thoughts. To what degree is depression caused by "wrong" behavioral and mental patterns, and to what degree is it born of a chemical imbalance? Of course, they may cause each other, but I do believe that some depression cases are not that deep-seated. If it's a deep, recurring or continuous depression, then use real drugs that changes brain chemistry and how the brain functions. If it's not that bad, a pep talk and placebo just might push the brain towards solving it's own imbalances.
Oh, and I am/was depressed. Yes, I did use medication, Zoloft to be precise.
I know some, if not all, Western European countries prohibit advertisement of prescription drugs. I would be curious if testing a group of Americans and a group of Europeans will give different strength placebo effects. I suppose other reasons for this are more likely than advertisement, but I would nevertheless like to see this be proved the reason (through an unbiased source of course).
My webcomic
That sill doesn't explain why placebos are now nearly twice as effective as ~1990, but this paragraph from the article might be a factor:
Potential trial volunteers in the US have been deluged with ads for prescription medications since 1997, when the FDA amended its policy on direct-to-consumer advertising. The secret of running an effective campaign, Saatchi & Saatchi's Jim Joseph told a trade journal last year, is associating a particular brand-name medication with other aspects of life that promote peace of mind: "Is it time with your children? Is it a good book curled up on the couch? Is it your favorite television show? Is it a little purple pill that helps you get rid of acid reflux?" By evoking such uplifting associations, researchers say, the ads set up the kind of expectations that induce a formidable placebo response.
The frequent ads from the companies are effectively brain-washing Americans to think, "All you need is a little purple pill to feel good," and so the mere act of swallowing that pill, even if it's just sugar, becomes twice as effective as previously.
"I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - historian Evelyn Beatrice Hall
It's not anything to do with the placebo, it's that the drugs that are being developed currently don't do anything.
Did you read about how some of the older drugs wouldn't have made it past the trials today?
I think this might have to do with the FDA's mailed fist choking off anything to do with 'snake oil' for years - we've raised generations that expect medications to be safe and effective, and therefore they are, by golly(placebo effect).
I don't read AC A human right
Is that you, Tom Cruise? Things can go wrong in your body and they don't need a cause. You don't need to smoke to get cancer. Same thing with depression. You can bring depression upon yourself, for example with stress, but it's often just a genetic hormone deficiency. My depression hit suddenly, and I tried everything to cure it, over the course of two years. Eating different, fish oil, more vacation, rigorous exercise, more religion, less religion. Nothing worked. Still woke up at 3am wanting to kill myself. On a regular basis.
Went on Lexapro and I've been totally fine ever since.
The placebo affect can also be caused by pride. "I paid $300 for these pills, they work so much better than the generics!" It's the same reason that I can buy an expensive computer/phone/car with the same features as your off-brand, but still act like it's much better.
But I'm sure that has little to do with testing where you don't have to pay... just saying, in general.
All my liberal friends think I'm a conservative, all my conservative friends think I'm a liberal.
Actually, when it comes to psychiatric drugs, they often do. In many cases, it's all in your head, so to speak. If you can convince yourself that a medication is working for such things, you will get better, and if you convince yourself that it isn't working, you will stay the same or get worse, whether you're taking a drug that tries to fix the underlying chemical imbalance or not. Why? Because ultimately your brain is controlling the regulation of those neurotransmitters. It can compensate for any "fix" the drugs make, and can similarly correct its own regulation if you convince it that the levels should be improving. Indeed, in the field of psychiatric drugs, it would actually be surprising if such a strong placebo effect did not occur, assuming that people generally believe that psychiatric drugs are effective.
Unfortunately, too many doctors, including psychiatrists, are too eager to prescribe a pill rather than taking the time to get to the root of the problem and fix what's really wrong. The good news is that prescribing a placebo may be just as effective for many of their less serious patients, but without the harmful side effects.... :-)
Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.
It's not anything to do with the placebo, it's that the drugs that are being developed currently don't do anything.
Did you read about how some of the older drugs wouldn't have made it past the trials today?
I think this might have to do with the FDA's mailed fist choking off anything to do with 'snake oil' for years - we've raised generations that expect medications to be safe and effective, and therefore they are, by golly(placebo effect).
I love it. Gullibility by design (TM), the new prescription. The disturbing part of the equation is that price is part of the effect, so I'd expect that a 50$ pill could have a bigger placebo effect than a 5$ pill of identical composition, provided that the patients know it.
"If a boss demands loyalty, give him integrity. But if he demands integrity, give him loyalty." (John Boyd, 1927-1997)
Exactly. The human brain doesn't want to be ripped off. The same reason why people swear that baseball hotdogs taste so much better, when they are more or less just the same things that you can buy at every grocery store the only difference is that you aren't paying $3+ per hotdog.
Taxation is legalized theft, no more, no less.
I know you were moded Funny, but I think there could be some bit of truth to your statement.
Especially when the drugs are meant to treat depression, this could be part of the effect. We have record levels of depression in this country. Could part of that be due to pharmaceutical advertising?