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New Optomechanical Crystal Allows Confinement of Light and Sound

PBH writes "Physicists and engineers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have developed a nanoscale crystal that traps both light and sound. The interaction of light quanta (photons) and sound quanta (phomons) are so strong that they produce significant mechanical vibrations. 'Indeed, Painter points out, the interactions between sound and light in this device—dubbed an optomechanical crystal—can result in mechanical vibrations with frequencies as high as tens of gigahertz, or 10 billion cycles per second. Being able to achieve such frequencies, he explains, gives these devices the ability to send large amounts of information, and opens up a wide array of potential applications—everything from lightwave communication systems to biosensors capable of detecting (or weighing) a single macromolecule. It could also, Painter says, be used as a research tool by scientists studying nanomechanics. "These structures would give a mass sensitivity that would rival conventional nanoelectromechanical systems because light in these structures is more sensitive to motion than a conventional electrical system is."'"

29 of 91 comments (clear)

  1. Could this be related? by symbolset · · Score: 2, Interesting
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    1. Re:Could this be related? by ColdWetDog · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Better -- an ansible.

      Well, one can dream anyway.

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  2. Phonon, not phomon by pac109 · · Score: 5, Informative
    1. Re:Phonon, not phomon by The_mad_linguist · · Score: 2, Funny

      Phomon phonon!

      Doo doo-doo doo doo!

    2. Re:Phonon, not phomon by mcgrew · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I'm having trouble wrapping my head around this, despite (or because of?) a class I took in college in the late 70s. Photons I understand; light has characteristics of both waves and particles. That was covered in the class. However, phonons? Sound is simply the vibration of matter. There are no "subatomic sound particles". Where there is no matter there is no sound, unlike light. The vibration of an object IS sound. Nowhere in the wikipedia article about phonons does it say what they actually ARE and why modern physics says they're necessary.

      Can anybody shed any light on this?

    3. Re:Phonon, not phomon by Luyseyal · · Score: 2, Informative

      I think this is better than the wikipedia intro:
      http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Solids/phonon.html

      The vibrational energies of molecules, e.g., a diatomic molecule, are quantized and treated as quantum harmonic oscillators. Quantum harmonic oscillators have equally spaced energy levels with separation DE = hu. So the oscillators can accept or lose energy only in discrete units of energy hu.

      The evidence on the behavior of vibrational energy in periodic solids is that the collective vibrational modes can accept energy only in discrete amounts, and these quanta of energy have been labeled "phonons". Like the photons of electromagnetic energy, they obey Bose-Einstein statistics.

      -l

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  3. Add an electret or piezoelectric bit... by John+Hasler · · Score: 2, Interesting

    ...and maybe have a new kind of microwave antenna?

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    1. Re:Add an electret or piezoelectric bit... by Interoperable · · Score: 3, Informative

      Well the confined optical mode is 200THz so an RF EM mode wouldn't be confined and therefore wouldn't overlap effectively with the vibronic modes in the nano-structure. I also really doubt that inducing vibrations in the nano-structure would generate an optical (or other EM) field. It's probably a one way coupling given that it's driven by photon pressure and not any net charge in the nano-beam.

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    2. Re:Add an electret or piezoelectric bit... by John+Hasler · · Score: 2, Interesting

      > Well the confined optical mode is 200THz so an RF EM mode wouldn't be
      > confined and therefore wouldn't overlap effectively with the vibronic modes
      > in the nano-structure.

      Right. It would be radiated. That's the idea.

      > I also really doubt that inducing vibrations in the nano-structure would
      > generate an optical (or other EM) field.

      The idea is to convert the GHz vibrations into an oscillating electric field. Thus the piezo material (or perhaps electret).

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  4. Wouln't that be a... by camperdave · · Score: 4, Funny

    A crystal that captures light and sound...? Wouldn't that be called a DVD?

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  5. Get Smart... by mpdolan37 · · Score: 2, Funny

    This brings to mind the Cone of Silence...

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  6. Kryptonian? by soconn · · Score: 2, Funny

    Optomechanical Crystal Allows Confinement of Light and Sound ..... Upon hearing the news, General Zod was heard to say... "ohh crap"

  7. Steampunk by JobyOne · · Score: 2

    It's not Steampunk fiction meanderings, it's real-life science! Wow.

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  8. C'mon scientists... by ZarathustraDK · · Score: 2, Funny

    Demonstrate this new tech by making a nano-rickroll inside a chrystal.

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  9. Re:I'm guessing this must be important. by maharb · · Score: 3, Funny

    They can aid in transmitting it in "HD 4X" faster than it takes someone to realize the mistake of clicking a tinyurl.

    Dangerous stuff we have here.. better ban it.

  10. Re:Phonons by fyngyrz · · Score: 3, Funny

    This is the premise behind coherent raman scattering

    Well, thank goodness. I can never keep that stuff in the bowl; maybe now that the scattering mechanism is understood, I can get a full serving of noodles.

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  11. Better Audio Speakers, Mics, Ultrasound, Sonar? by sanman2 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I'm not sure what applications extremely high frequency vibrations have, but I'm thinking that this could be used to make better quality audio speakers, microphones, ultrasound, sonar, etc.

    If you have such fine control over vibrations, perhaps you could create fancier waveforms, for sound that has weird properties. Phased array sonar?
    Constructive and destructive interference?
    I own a pair of Bose noise-canceling headphones that I enjoy, so maybe that tech would be enhanced by these crystals. Or perhaps you could make sonic weapons by building up massive disruptor wave pulses

    I'm trying to think of what high frequency synchrotron radiation makes possible through EM. The extremly short wavelengths allow imaging of very tiny objects like molecules. So would extremely short mechanical wavelengths allow extremely fine sonic imaging of... individual cells?

    1. Re:Better Audio Speakers, Mics, Ultrasound, Sonar? by DJRumpy · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I was thinking more along the lines of communication data. Crystals of this sort could be placed on either end of a pipe, and translate the data into and from ultra high frequency. Essentially working like a switch. If the data travels well in those frequencies, I could see massive potential in communications.

      I also see storage potential here as well.

    2. Re:Better Audio Speakers, Mics, Ultrasound, Sonar? by dontmakemethink · · Score: 2, Insightful

      I own a pair of Bose noise-canceling headphones that I enjoy, so maybe that tech would be enhanced by these crystals.

      LMAO... just mod me troll... just do it before I post ad nauseam how fucking idiodic that is...

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  12. Interesting name by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    "New Optomechanical Crystal Allows Confinement of Light and Sound"

    Oddly enough they named it RIAA.

  13. Not a fundamentally new idea by eh2o · · Score: 2, Informative

    Obviously the nano scale fabrication seen here is an innovation, but the idea of acoustic-optical interactions is not a fundamentally new one. For example an acousto-optical tunable filter uses piezo-actuation (sound) to setup standing waves in a crystal that modulates a band-pass filter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acousto-optics

    1. Re:Not a fundamentally new idea by Steve525 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      This is different than acousto-optics. There is no outside force here; all the movement is generated by the light itself. The miniscule amount of force from the light is enough to excite a resonance in the mechanical structure. The structure is both resonant to light and to acoustics. The two resonances are coupled because as the structure moves, the optical resonance shifts a little bit.

      It is really cool work, but I haven't figured out what it'll be useful for.

  14. Re:Phonons by Interoperable · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "It really annoys me when "prestigious" university professors publish crap like this"

    It really annoys nobodies post crap like that. Raman scattering typically occurs when photons scatter off a molecule or crystal thereby exciting a phonon (a vibration) in the internal structure of the molecule/crystal. This is Raman scattering that excites a nano-structure that is engineered into the beam by the researchers. It is similar to regular Raman scattering, but is an engineered process at this point. It's an extremely exciting result!

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  15. help me with this by swell · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Am I the first to be dazzled by this?

    When electron tubes gave way to transistors I sensed a revolution in progress, but it was hard to wrap my brain around a simple transistor being able to do such a variety of things with such a small energy cost.

    Now this. My now aged brain struggles to comprehend and see the implications. I expect all to be revealed in this forum.

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    1. Re:help me with this by gtbritishskull · · Score: 2, Informative

      You seem to have been asleep for the past 50 years, so I will let you in on a little secret. Transistors were big too when they were first invented. They got smaller as there was more investment and research into them. I would not expect the first form of something in the lab to be at the pinnacle of its efficiency.

  16. Re:Phonons by Artifakt · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There are all sorts of things that have been theoretically known of for quite some time. Still, if you come up with a new, reliable engineering application with major economic consequences, for the Edison or Peltier effects, Superconductivity, Raleigh scattering, or Frame Dragging, that's quite an accomplishment. Hell, if someone finds a genuinely new application for Archimedes model of a waterscrew as an inclined plane wrapped around a cylender, or Thag's heat from rubbing two sticks together theorem, it's still worth respect.

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  17. Science fiction story parallel - "slow glass" by Traf-O-Data-Hater · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The concept of this material reminded me of Bob Shaw's science fiction story "The Light of Other Days" in which "slow glass" is used to capture scenes and images which could be released later. Interesting!

  18. ok, i give up on the flying car by circletimessquare · · Score: 2, Funny

    now i'm waiting for my fiber-optic headphones

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  19. Where is that guy with that sig by LuxMaker · · Score: 2, Funny

    This guy has a forum signature that "Light is faster than sound. That is why people appear bright until you hear them speak."

    Now you can capture both in an optomechanical crystal. I would like to see how he weighs in on the issue.

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