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Theoretical Breakthrough For Quantum Cryptography

KentuckyFC writes "Quantum cryptography uses the quantum properties of photons to guarantee perfect secrecy. But one of its lesser known limitations is that it only works if Alice and Bob are perfectly aligned so that they can carry out well-defined polarization measurements on the photons as they arrive. Physicists say that Alice and Bob must share the same reference frame. That's OK if Alice and Bob are in their own ground-based labs, but it's a problem in many other applications, such as ground-to-satellite communications or even in chip-to-chip communications, because it's hard to keep chips still over distances of the order of the wavelength of light. Now a group of UK physicists have developed a way of doing quantum cryptography without sharing a reference frame. The trick is to use entangled triplets of photons, so-called qutrits, rather than entangled pairs. This solves the problem by embedding it in an extra abstract dimension, which is independent of space. So, as long as both Alice and Bob know the way in which all these abstract dimensions are related, the third provides a reference against which measurements of the other two can be made. That allows Alice and Bob to make any measurements they need without having to agree ahead of time on a frame of reference. That could be an important advance enabling the widespread use of quantum cryptography."

22 of 116 comments (clear)

  1. Stay away from this by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    One thing, with quantum crypto, the code changes when you look at it. In other words, you have to know the key before seeing it.

    Two, it kills a LOT of cats! You get the code right, and BAM! dead cat.

    PETA will be against this!

    1. Re:Stay away from this by nstlgc · · Score: 3, Funny

      Yeah, that's just what I was going to say. He stole my idea!
      Don't panic. Find comfort in the fact that there's a universe in which a bear brutally sodomized then killed him before he was able to push the Submit button.

      --
      I'm Rocco. I'm the +5 Funny man.
  2. Re:qutrits? by Nadaka · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Especially when dealing with entangled triplets.

  3. Re:qutrits? by ArsonSmith · · Score: 2, Funny

    cute tits or quit its?

    --
    Paying taxes to buy civilization is like paying a hooker to buy love.
  4. Engineering by SEWilco · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I think this is engineering, not theory. Theory was the original idea of using entanglement for cryptography. Now they're applying the technology to make it practical, and that's engineering. They're adding a bit of steel or another entanglement to make it more usable. If nobody has built this device yet, it's theoretical engineering.

    1. Re:Engineering by Sir_Lewk · · Score: 3, Insightful

      What makes you think that theory and engineering are mutually exclusive, with a fine dividing line?

      --
      "linux is just DOS with a UNIX like syntax" -- Galactic Dominator (944134)
    2. Re:Engineering by Chris+Burke · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Theory is coming up with a hypothetical mechanism for incorporating extra information so that it doesn't require a known reference frame.

      Engineering is making a device that actually does it reliably.

      As my sibling post said, there's no clear dividing line. But this is definitely on the theory-ish side of it.

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
  5. You lost me at hello... by PPalmgren · · Score: 4, Funny

    Boy am I glad I didn't pursue that physics major. The only thing I got out of that is that Alice and Bob needed a marriage counselor to reconcile their differences.

    Anyone mind converting that attempt in layman's terms to something useful, like a car analogy?

    1. Re:You lost me at hello... by mrsurb · · Score: 5, Informative

      I'll give it a shot.

      Alice wants to get out of her car and into Bob's car. In laboratory conditions both cars are perfectly still so it's easy. Out on the freeway travelling at high speeds it's a recipe for disaster.

      But these clever engineers have come up with a wonderful design for a semi-trailer that both cars can sit on while being driven down the freeway. Now Alice and get out of her car and into Bob's car for that secret rendezvous. In the middle of the freeway.

    2. Re:You lost me at hello... by Culture20 · · Score: 2, Informative

      Quantum physics does not have a car analogy. Cars cant be mixed up and then split so each part has a bit of the other, and not just physically. if one car starts, it means its parts in both entangled sets start and the moment you go and look witch of the cars you have it becomes one or another, instantly causing the other entangled car thingy to become the car you didn't get. Also, fu Eve.

      Hungarian Physicists and Automotive Engineers are closer to tackling that problem:
      http://tech.slashdot.org/story/10/02/24/1614245/Hungarian-Electric-Car-Splits-Into-Two-Smaller-Cars

    3. Re:You lost me at hello... by JaneTheIgnorantSlut · · Score: 4, Funny

      Do Carol and Ted know about this?

    4. Re:You lost me at hello... by Tyler+Durden · · Score: 2, Informative

      Here's my own amateur shot at it. If I'm wrong, I'm sure someone who knows better will correct me. Oh, and fuck the car analogy.

      The quantum entanglement measurements will only work with two entangled photons when the velocities and accelerations of the two parties involved are the same. But if you're doing it with two objects with different motion, say a person on the ground and a satellite orbiting the earth, it won't. The satellite is in free fall and, according to general relativity, not in an accelerated reference frame. A person on earth, though, is feeling a constant acceleration coming up from the ground because of gravity holding him there. One difference between the two is because one is in an accelerated reference frame and the other is not, their clocks are moving at different rates.

      The fix for this is to have a third entangled photon in another reference frame. As long as the motion relative between all reference frames are known, the person on the ground and the satellite can use the third entangled photon as a reference point for them to make measurements between the two with their own entangled photons.

      Sorry if I'm off about this but if someone corrects me then, hey, it's a learning process for us both.

      --
      Happy people make bad consumers.
    5. Re:You lost me at hello... by HTH+NE1 · · Score: 2, Informative

      The satellite is in free fall and, according to general relativity, not in an accelerated reference frame.

      If you're not moving in a straight line at a constant speed, you're in an accelerated reference frame. Satellites are in orbit; there's no such thing as a straight-line orbit.

      --
      Oh, say does that Star-Spangled Banner entwine / The myrtle of Venus with Bacchus's vine?
  6. "This solves the problem by embedding it...." by Conspiracy_Of_Doves · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "This solves the problem by embedding it in an extra abstract dimension, which is independent of space."

    Has it occurred to anyone else how UNBELIEVABLY FRIGGIN' COOL it is that a line like that shows up in an article that is talking about building an actual, physical device?

    1. Re:"This solves the problem by embedding it...." by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 4, Funny

      Has it occurred to anyone else how UNBELIEVABLY FRIGGIN' COOL it is that a line like that shows up in an article that is talking about building an actual, physical device?

      I can vividly see the label on the unit packaging: "Dimensions: 0.45 x 0.3 x 0.25 x 1.7 m"

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
  7. Translation of summary by genghisjahn · · Score: 3, Funny

    Glap glar photons biddle doo-vack triple photon vajmu double photon zirreyzoo-zah picture frame powlat pweegoo paparazzi photos of Alice and Bob.

    --
    Sorry about the mess.
  8. Re:Quantum Communications by Threni · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Would this system still allow alice/bob to know if someone's evesdropped? What's the difference between a hostile evesdropper and just some other part of the infrastructure for getting data from alice to bob? Without that, quantum cryptography is just another encryption system, and there are nothing wrong with the current ones. Right? (It would arouse me if replies to this post started simply "Wrong.")

  9. Just wondering .. by fractalspace · · Score: 3, Funny

    Why cant they simply open a sub space channel and use a Tachyon pulse to synchronize the two frames ?

    1. Re:Just wondering .. by ElAurian · · Score: 4, Funny

      They'd have to reroute the plasma flow and depolarise the graviton matrix first. Duh.

  10. Masters of the world by NCamero · · Score: 2, Funny

    I, for one welcome our new quantum overlords.

  11. Re:Quantum Communications by Arthur+Grumbine · · Score: 2, Funny

    (It would arouse me if replies to this post started simply "Wrong.")

    Not to judge your lifestyle choices, but I'm pretty sure that the reason no one has replied as such has to do with the collective will of the community not to see you aroused.

    --
    Now that I think about it, I'm pretty sure everything I just said is completely wrong.
  12. Kids today... by grepya · · Score: 2, Funny

    ... if Alice and Bob are perfectly aligned so that they can carry out well-defined polarization measurements ....

    Oh... so that's what the kids are calling it these days... ??