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Attack of the Killer Electrons

Hugh Pickens writes "At the peak of a magnetic storm, the number of highly energetic 'killer electrons' strong enough to damage electronics and human tissue can increase by a factor of more than ten times, posing a danger to spacecraft, satellites, and astronauts. Killer electrons can penetrate satellite shielding, so if electrical discharges take place in vital components, a satellite can be damaged or even rendered inoperable. For many years, the mechanism by which killer electrons are produced has remained poorly understood, in spite of physicists' attempts at solving this puzzle. Now the ESA reports that data shows the increase in the creation of a substantial number of killer electrons is due to a two-step process. First, the initial acceleration is due to the strong shock-related magnetic field compression. Immediately after the impact of the interplanetary shock wave, Earth's magnetic field lines began wobbling at ultra low frequencies. In turn, these ULF waves effectively accelerate the seed electrons (provided by the first step) to become killer electrons. 'These new findings help us to improve the models predicting the radiation environment in which satellites and astronauts operate. With solar activity now ramping up, we expect more of these shocks to impact our magnetosphere over the months and years to come,' says Philippe Escoubet, ESA's Cluster mission manager."

23 of 98 comments (clear)

  1. Re:Oh yeah? by trurl7 · · Score: 5, Funny

    Were you also implying that everything down there is on the subatomic scale?

  2. All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by Bruce+Perens · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Killer electrons. Geez, Just because ESA has to write to the level of a broad, uneducated audience, doesn't mean that Slashdot is that audience. Please write to the level of your audience.

    How about X-Rays, Roentgen Rays, Ionizing radiation, Accelerated electrons, etc.

    1. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by pclminion · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Uh, "killer electrons" is the accepted scientific name for this phenomenon. Physicists sometimes use weird names for things. Deal with it.

    2. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by Pojut · · Score: 2, Informative

      You mean like Strange matter? I honestly think they just aren't creative sometimes and just say "It's weird stuff, we can't think of a name for it, we're wasting time...let's just call it strange matter."

    3. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by pclminion · · Score: 4, Informative

      You mean like Strange matter? I honestly think they just aren't creative sometimes and just say "It's weird stuff, we can't think of a name for it, we're wasting time...let's just call it strange matter."

      The term "strange matter" has a lot more history behind it than you make it sound. The origin of the term "strange" was in connection with mesons observed in cosmic ray data which, given our then-current understanding of QCD, had unusually long ("strange") lifetimes. Eventually it was discovered that the long-lifetime mesons contained quarks which had not been seen before. The quark was thus named the "strange" quark because it was one of the keys to understanding the strange mesons. Now, imagine a non-negligible assembly of matter consisting of mesons and baryons with strange quarks. This matter is called strange matter.

      Yes, the term "strange" was originally used because it was a "WTF?" kind of moment, but that happened a long time ago. Strange matter is perfectly well-understood.

    4. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by Chris+Burke · · Score: 4, Funny

      Okay that all sounds pretty reasonable, but explain the What In The Name of Jeebus Is That Nebula, or the I Couldn't Even Begin To Explain What's Going On Here Quasar.

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    5. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by blueg3 · · Score: 2, Informative

      How about X-Rays, Roentgen Rays, Ionizing radiation, Accelerated electrons, etc.

      How about them? X-Rays and Roentgen Rays refer to photons, not electrons (except, in English, Roentgen Rays is generally not used). Ionizing radiation is incredibly vague; it's more often used to refer to photons than electrons. Accelerated electrons at least gets the particle right, but is also far too general. A paper on "How are accelerated electrons produced?" could simply answer, "They're accelerated."

      Like it or not, "killer electrons" appears to be the preferred term for electrons produced in this manner, at least among some journal papers.

    6. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by idontgno · · Score: 3, Informative

      It's been a few (~ 3) years since I last worked with space weather types, but the technical term they tended to use for the phenomenon was "relativistic electron". That phrase gets the idea across that the electrons are bad because they're haulin' ass at significant fractions of lightspeed.

      Natural relativistic electron flux measurements and predictions are some of the most important forecast products of military space weather, just because astronauts and other "high fliers" could suffer health effects (like, die) from it. And also because the military has lots of sensitive orbital assets that can be ordered to shut down and harden themselves if their ground controllers can get enough advance warning.

      All of that said, I think that "killer electrons" is a good PR name for the phenomenon. Not even the hardest science is immune to the siren call of public relations, especially if funding and awards can be on the line.

      Sad.

      --
      Welcome to the Panopticon. Used to be a prison, now it's your home.
    7. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by suomynonAyletamitlU · · Score: 2, Funny

      I think the people who named those worked at the Mt. God I'm So Drunk Observatory.

    8. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by TrebleMaker · · Score: 2, Funny

      like this: .-- --- --- -
      --

      "wootm" ???

      --
      In Soviet Russia a beowulf cluster of these things imagines you welcoming your new, neural-network overlords.
    9. Re:All of My Electrons are Certified Organic by blueg3 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Yes. I think at these energies they're concerned about the electrons more than the resulting X-rays, but decelerating electrons do generally produce X-rays as an entertaining side effect.

  3. Killer Electrons by GMThomas · · Score: 5, Funny

    Maybe if they wouldn't be so negative all the time, they wouldn't want to kill anyone.

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    You are now manually breathing.
    1. Re:Killer Electrons by Prince+Vegeta+SSJ4 · · Score: 2, Funny

      I have found the "god particle". It is simply the anti-Killer Electron or life-giving positron.

  4. Tin-foil hats coming back in style? by tomhudson · · Score: 2, Funny

    Tin-foil hats, a bit of duct tape, don't forget to deposit sperm or ova before you go, and think of all the money you'll save by being able to glow in the dark ... even better than a CF bulb.

  5. But, the big question is..... by SIR_Taco · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The big question is.... will tinfoil stop them?!?!

    --
    I say don't drink and drive, you might spill your drink. Before you get behind the wheel just stop and think.
    1. Re:But, the big question is..... by Hognoxious · · Score: 2, Insightful

      The big question is.... will tinfoil stop them?!?!

      Tinfoil will stop anything. The question is, "how thick does it need to be?"

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  6. I'm not worried! by martin-boundary · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'm not worried! The positrons will save us!

  7. Really.. by anonymousNR · · Score: 2, Insightful

    I am having a big problem these days figuring out which article at slashdot does not belong to Idle category.
    Yeah I know this is Redundant.
    I needed a good place to start burning my karma anyway.

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    -- It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it. -- Aristotle
  8. Title humor by owlstead · · Score: 3, Funny

    In case someone does not get the joke embedded in the title:
    http://www.badmovies.org/movies/killtomato/killtomato-song.wav

    Attaaaaaaack of the killer electrons!

  9. Obvious by sycodon · · Score: 3, Funny

    For many years, the mechanism by which killer electrons are produced has remained poorly understood

    Isn't it obvious? Climate Change of course.

    --
    When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
  10. Killer protons by MillionthMonkey · · Score: 2, Informative

    Protons (cosmic rays) arrive in random directions from gamma ray bursts billions of light years away in every direction. The energies are usually in the MeV - GeV range, the flux is low, and regular shielding is enough to stop most of them. (Electrons like that arrive too, but they're like the BB pellets of cosmic rays.) Astronauts need to worry a little bit about solar wind and cosmic rays giving them cancer, but they need to worry more about orbiting paint chips traveling at 20000 mph. A paint chip once hit the space shuttle window and blasted a hole a few cm wide.

    Occasionally a relativistic proton arrives with a respectable human-scale energy, measurable in Joules. Cancer is the least of your worries. It could blow your head clean off, or blast a circuit board into smithereens. [Hey MythBusters, are you listening?] We still don't really understand what phenomenon generates single particles with such a ridiculously high speed, but we're pretty sure black holes are involved in some way. Unfortunately you don't get much of a show when they strike the upper atmosphere because they glide to a stop as they generate a shitstorm of particle showers. If they actually hit the ground we might assume they were meteorites, or the hand of God... either shooting at people with bad aim, or punching holes in the ground and commanding us to play golf.

  11. Re:Faraday cage? by John+Hasler · · Score: 3, Informative

    > And how can electrons kill without current?

    You can call them "high-energy beta particles" if it makes you more comfortable.

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    Warning: this article may contain humor, sarcasm, parody, and perhaps even irony. Read at your own risk.
  12. Re:But... but... Look at the fangs! by Zancarius · · Score: 2, Insightful

    That's no ordinary electron. That's the most foul, cruel, and bad-tempered subatomic particle you ever set eyes on.

    I like how the summary reads almost exactly like that.

    I confess that my first thoughts when reading about these evil electrons were to contemplate the likes of lightning. And maybe high voltage sources. After all, those can certainly damage electronics and harm human tissue. Oh, how dreadful!

    Ah, but that's right. Lightning is a natural earth-based phenomenon. Pity it's so ordinary.

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    He who has no .plan has small finger. ~ Confucius on UNIX