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Europe's Space Agency Wants To Do What NASA Can't

coondoggie writes "The European Space Agency is moving forward with a plan to land an autonomous spacecraft on the moon by 2017, with the idea a manned vehicle could land there sometime in the future. It's a mission NASA had on its roadmap before the current budget debate, but such plans seem doomed now. The ESA is now seeking proposals for a lunar lander that would land on the south polar region of the Moon, which possible deposits of water ice, heavily cratered terrain, and long periods of sunlight make promising for explorers and scientists, the agency stated."

24 of 136 comments (clear)

  1. April fools by pushing-robot · · Score: 2, Funny

    Heh, I just got it. Took me a while.

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  2. Wait, is it? Isn't it? Fucking hell... by LighterShadeOfBlack · · Score: 5, Informative

    I'm reasonably sure this isn't an April Fools. See story from the horse's mouth, dated 31st March.

    If it is an April Fools joke then the joke is ultimately on them. That something like this could be considered absurd would only highlight how incredibly pathetic space programmes have been for the last 30 years.

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    1. Re:Wait, is it? Isn't it? Fucking hell... by Fnkmaster · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I think this is the first non-April Fool's story today. Thank god. It's funny when it's one or two stories. It's just fucking annoying when it's the entire day.

    2. Re:Wait, is it? Isn't it? Fucking hell... by Carewolf · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If it is an April Fools joke then the joke is ultimately on them. That something like this could be considered absurd would only highlight how incredibly pathetic space programmes have been for the last 30 years.

      Given that private space programs still haven't left Earth orbit. I find it highly impressive the public program maintains a 40 year leed on private enterprise.

  3. manned space exploration = fail by timmarhy · · Score: 5, Interesting
    how about we solve the cost issue of just getting into orbit, and work on alternative propolsion systems to get places faster before blowing our cookies over manned trips to the moon, which add NOTHING of scientific value and solve no problems.

    a manned trip to mars would be the only goal i could think of that would truely be worth the price tag for an achievement just to say we have done it (similar to why we went to the moon), with all our technology we are still yet to walk on another planet.

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    1. Re:manned space exploration = fail by MillionthMonkey · · Score: 2, Funny

      ...before blowing our cookies over manned trips to the moon, which add NOTHING of scientific value and solve no problems.

      You put it better than I was about to.

      I think people expect that in 20-30 years after manned space technology has progressed, we should be commuting to office parks on Mars, shopping at malls in the ionosphere, and living in pleasant gated communities on the far side of the moon. But only if NASA keeps shooting cans of spam into space.

    2. Re:manned space exploration = fail by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Imagine having hundreds of hubble-class telescopes actively scanning for mining targets worth $20,000B ea. requiring little to no propellant to harvest. Gravitational corridors exist that travel through the solar system that require minimal fuel. Materials science is close to being able to construct suitable solar sails capable of freely traveling the solar system. We're not quite where we need to be for moving to space, but it's a helluva lot closer than most people think.

    3. Re:manned space exploration = fail by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      Fuck Mars. It doesn't multitask and there's no Flash support.

    4. Re:manned space exploration = fail by DerekLyons · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Imagine having hundreds of hubble-class telescopes actively scanning for mining targets worth $20,000B ea. requiring little to no propellant to harvest.

      Why when it can be done from the surface of the Earth?
       

      Gravitational corridors exist that travel through the solar system that require minimal fuel.

      Sure, so long as you don't have anything resembling a deadline. (I.E. the savings in fuel for a manned mission would be completely obliterated by the increased life support requirements.)
       

      Materials science is close to being able to construct suitable solar sails capable of freely traveling the solar system.

      Solar sails *are* a cool technology - if you're a very small unmanned package with years and years to get where you're going. They pretty much suck, like the gravitational corridors, if you're a manned craft.
       

      We're not quite where we need to be for moving to space, but it's a helluva lot closer than most people think.

      That's probably because 'most people' are completely oblivious to the issue at all. Most of the rest of us aren't, but do know the difference between hand waving speculation and hard engineering.

    5. Re:manned space exploration = fail by R3d+M3rcury · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Imagine having hundreds of hubble-class telescopes actively scanning for mining targets worth $20,000B ea. requiring little to no propellant to harvest.

      I have a feeling you're being a bit optimistic.

      First, I assume you're talking about a target worth $20 trillion (that's $20,000,000,000,000. That's a lot of zeroes). What substance exists that would have that value?

      But let's say you find it. We'll use gold as an example. The current price for gold is $36,120.81 per kilogram. So, to get $20 trillion dollars, we'd need an asteroid with a mass of 553,697,440 kilograms. Let's say you go ahead and drag in all these as yet undiscovered golden asteroids. What's that going to do the price of gold on Earth? I'll tell you what--it'll drop to next to nothing. Everybody will have more than enough gold and the price will drop. Frankly, because of speculation, just announcing that you're bringing this much gold to market will cause the price to drop before you even show up with your first gram.

      Platinum? It's about 1.5x the value of gold, so you'd need less of it. But you still have figure that when you show up with a whole bunch of Platinum, you're going to drive the price down--that's basic supply-and-demand economics.

      What you need to find, of course, is Unobtainium--something that doesn't exist on Earth. Of course, finding this Unobtainium is going to require a bit more than a bunch of telescopes (since you don't know what you're looking for). Also, assuming you find your Unobtainium, you need to figure out what it's useful for so that you can convince people to buy it so that they can turn it into something useful.

    6. Re:manned space exploration = fail by MartinSchou · · Score: 2, Insightful

      how about we solve the cost issue of just getting into orbit

      This is a fairly straight forward problem with no solution apart from possibly mass production. It inevitably takes so much energy to get to orbit - nothing apart from discovering new laws of physics will change that. That doesn't mean there aren't ideas on the drawing board, that will lower the cost by something like a factor of ten - but none of those are suitable for anything you want to stay alive.

      Low earth orbit requires a speed of a minimum of 7,814 m/s. Now my math is a bit rusty, so I might be off by quite a bit. To get to 7,814 m/s you need 30.5 Mjoule/kg. That's ignoring everything else, including drag. And like I said, that number is probably wrong, but let's go with it for a moment.

      Usually we use hydrogen in our rockets, and with an energy density of 10.1 MJ/liter, we'd need 3.02 liters. At 0.07 kg/liter that's 211 grams. At 1 g/mol that's 211 mol of hydrogen, so we need 105.5 mol of oxygen (2H2 + O2 => H2O). At 8 g/mol we need 844 grams of oxygen as well. So, just to get the energy required to get 1 kg of mass up to the speed required for low orbit, we now have to handle 1.055 kg of fuel.

      We also need some way to contain that fuel - more weight.
      We need some way to control the rate at which the fuel is spent - more weight.
      We need some kind of survival system for the human - more weight.
      We need some way to get him back down safely - more weight.
      We need something that keeps him alive while in orbit - more weight.

      So suddenly we don't need to accelerate just 1 kg of mass to 7,814 m/s, we might need to accelerate 4 kg to that speed. This isn't something we can just magic away.

      work on alternative propolsion systems to get places faster

      And how exactly do you propose we do this, without putting stuff into orbit to test if they actually work in real life as well?

      before blowing our cookies over manned trips to the moon, which add NOTHING of scientific value and solve no problems.

      So ... if you're taking your homebuilt duct-tape sail boat out for a test, you'd rather aim for crossing the ocean than checking if you can get somewhere close by? The moon is pretty far away. Apollo 17 took 4 days and 14 hours from launch to lunar landing. But apparently you don't see any value in learning how to get there faster than we can already manage? Oh, wait - you were just complaining about that. My bad.

      As it happens, they ARE working on various solutions to these and many other issues. And while your idea of "scientific value" apparently doesn't stretch to cover such things as developing new types of engines, material science to lower the weight you lift into orbit, developing better and lighter life support systems etc. While you may think those are just engineering challenges, they aren't until you actually have the science behind it nailed down. And even if it's just trial and error, that's still a scientific approach. And strangely enough, much of what we learn in space technology may "only" be engineering and production prowess, but that comes in pretty handy as well, and it can pay pretty good dividends.

      But you're right of course. Much better if all we do is not aim for pie in the sky, but aim for banana cream cake on Mars.

    7. Re:manned space exploration = fail by timmarhy · · Score: 2, Insightful
      this is why we need to figure out how to escape the earths gravity for much less then $20,000 a kg (the current cheapest price).

      space exploration has the potential to drive demand to new highs so even if you found this 500k gold nugget it wouldn't matter, because the process of exploring space is going to consume massive resources.

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    8. Re:manned space exploration = fail by Rakishi · · Score: 2, Insightful

      First of all, all he said was that MANNED space flight to the moon is a waste of money. Your post magically manages to utterly avoid explaining why that is the case. Please explain why manned mission to the moon are so important. Well? He said nothing, I might note, about manned flights into LEO or testing new propulsion systems in space or unmanned missions. So what do those manned mission to the moon gain, please do explain.

      Second of all, 30.5 Mjoule/kg is nothing. It looks like a big scary number but so does a mole of carbon if you write it out as the number of molecules. One kilowatt-hour of electricity is 3.6Mjoules and costs around $0.10.

      In other words 30.5 megajoules of energy costs under $1 for me and less than that if you've got a dedicated generator. So no the amount of energy needed is not a barrier and the laws of physics are perfectly happy with sending things into orbit at $1 however our technology is not capable of that.

      In fact, let's look at the cost of actual fuel shall we?

      1kg of H2/LOX propellant costs roughly $1 from what I gather. The space shuttle has a 70:1 propellant:cargo ratio but it uses solid boosters so let's say 100:1 using h2/lox. That's still $100/kg compared to roughly $20000/kg for the space shuttle and $3000/kg (or around there) for a commercial satellite launch. So quite evidently the energy and fuel costs are not the direct problem even in practice.

      Your argument about weight as a result is bullshit since even with all the extra weight we already send up the energy cost is not the main cost (of course certain propellants aren't as inexpensive as h2/lox). The costs in the end come down mainly to things like design costs, construction costs, testing, infrastructure, maintenance and so on. Unavoidable with current designs but not fundamentally impossible to surmount.

      A low-maintenance often used reusable craft will give you something like $200/kg to leo costs given existing constraints. More exotic methods (space elevator, nuclear propulsion, ground based lasers, etc) would probably bring that down to something like $10/kg. So yes, there is plenty of room for improvement.

    9. Re:manned space exploration = fail by MartinSchou · · Score: 4, Insightful

      He said nothing, I might note, about manned flights into LEO

      He said he could see the point in a manned mission to Mars. Rather difficult to get to Mars without getting into LEO or higher.

      So what do those manned mission to the moon gain, please do explain.

      What is the point in going to Mars? Or having bases in the Antarctic? Going to the moon is a decent proving ground for a mission to Mars. It's close by - four days travel vs a couple of months at the moment, radio contact has a few seconds delay vs several minutes.

      Just setting foot on Mars and going "well, let's head back" would be stupid. Mostly because you can't really do straight return missions with our current technology. And if all we're sending are unmanned probes, time isn't exactly of the essense, meaning there's no point in trying to develop fasters ways of getting there.

      Setting up a base on Mars isn't going to be easy. We'd need to more or less bombard the planet with supplies before we set foot there ourselves. A lot simpler and faster to test perfecting landing and aiming against the Moon. Same with building a base on the planet. We've tried building various selfsufficient habitats (like Biosphere 2, and they've been mixed successes. Those only tackle some of the issues we'd be facing on Mars, and unless we're 100% certain we can replicate the successfull experiments we will conduct on this here on earth, it'd be silly not to use the Moon as testing grounds. Much cheaper, faster and easier to ship replacement parts to the Moon, when we find that something doesn't work like we thought

      It's also a good place to test how to build a base, that will stop us from dying of cancer. No magnetic field means really nasty things with regards to radiation, and neither Mars nor the Moon has a suitable magnetic field. Probably better to learn somewhere close by rather than months away.

      How about figuring out how to set up production centers from scratch? If we can produce our own raw materials, fabricated materials etc. all the way to custom made production utilities, we can save a ton of money in supplies. We'd still need food, water and fuel, but if we can kick start industrial production planet/lunar side, we're pretty much golden. Hell, if we can manage to build a nuclear reactor, we don't even need that much fuel.

      Now, as for using the Moon as a 'stopping off station' for trips to Mars, I rather doubt there's a point to that. The Moon is about 380,000 km away, Mars is between 55,000,000 and 401,000,000 km. That's between 0.7% and 0.09% of the distance. Essentially the argument seems to be that if we're flying to the other side of the Earth on vaccation, we should really book some hotel time between 18 and 140 km away from our house. I expect it gets even worse if you do the energy equations rather than just distances.

      Now, using the Moon as proving ground for the technology we need to survive on Mars is just common sense. Unless we develop some way of getting to Mars and back that can be done in a few weeks round trip, but I don't think that's something we're going to see any time soon. But then again, my crystal ball IS broken, plus I'm an Aries - we don't believe in that kind of stuff.

      But even if we ignore a possible mission to Mars - what could we get from the Moon? How about the largest and best isolated radio telescope? The best optical telescopes possible - no atmosphere to worry about, much lower gravity which I suspect would allow you to build much much larger mirror arrays. No annoying neighbours who complain that your telescope is blocking their view.

      Imagine building an optical telescope that covers the entire bottom of the Cabeus crater. It isn't subjected to sunlight, it's about 100K making IR astronomy even easier. I'm pretty sure the entire astronomy field can see a point in going to

    10. Re:manned space exploration = fail by geekoid · · Score: 2, Insightful

      " which add NOTHING of scientific value and solve no problems."
      false.

      There is a lot of the moon that could add to our scientific knowledge, and it's a great way to improve technologies that would be used in longer missions.

      Yes, we should also go to mars; however we should developing supporting technologies and get the to mars before we go there.

      Send robots and equipment to build housing facilities. Get food and water there ready for when the Astronauts arrive.
      A complete satellite communication system would be good as well.

      I would use the moon to test the initial house building technologies

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  4. NASA Can't? by Liquidrage · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Really? So NASA can't send an unmanned lander to the lunar surface?

    First of all, NASA has done this several times. Second of all, NASA is great at seeking proposals to do things they won't do, which is all the story from the ESA side is at this point. And lastly, I want do to do things NASA can't, who doesn't? You know, like, get /. to stop posting shitty stories.

    1. Re:NASA Can't? by Runaway1956 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "Nasa could do that."

      Oh, really? A bunch of pathetic, fearful old women, sitting around, nattering about risk, can actually do that? You do realize that today's NASA is not the same NASA that put men on the moon, don't you?

      When the mission was to put men on the mooon, the atmosphere was much like the atmosphere aboard a warship.

      Today, there is no mission, and the atmosphere is more like a cruise ship catering to octogenarians.

      It's NOT an easy cruise to the moon, or mars, or anyplace else out there. We need some kick-ass, no-nonsense types to decide that we are going to space, then get it done. Blabbering and yakking about risk has it's place, but when it becomes the primary concern, nothing gets done.

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    2. Re:NASA Can't? by Liquidrage · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Yeah, if only NASA had some autonomous vehicles on the Moon or Mars or something. Then they'd be really cool.

      I'm as disappointed with the lack of progress in the space program as anyone because I think we could do more. But I'm not going to support a sensationalist headline that craps on the agency that currently has the most advanced program and greatest achievements. And that includes the current as well as the past.

    3. Re:NASA Can't? by geekoid · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Yes, NASA could do that, and get it done in less then 10 years.

      What you describe is Congress.

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  5. That NASA CAN'T??????? by WindBourne · · Score: 2, Interesting

    We already did it. With both automated systems and manual. Multiple times. Likewise, we have landed a number of different systems using different approaches on Mars. ESA still has not put one on mars (though apparently into it) or any place that requires something difficult (doing a parachute on titan is not that difficult).

    Personally, I would rather that NASA get our CHEAP private space into orbit and help them get multiple destinations for money (via bigelow aerospace private space stations), while working on new approaches on putting a real base on the moon and mars.

    With that said, I am glad that ESA is working towards doing a system to actually land on a planet/moon using active systems. It will be a good education for them.

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  6. Obligiatory by Hognoxious · · Score: 4, Funny

    Europe's Space Agency Wants To Do What NASA Can't

    Like understanding metric?

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  7. Re:Why even go? by sumdumass · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I do not know why someone modded you a troll on your post. Well, unless someone thought Troll was synonymous with ignorant and tried to be ironic which is humorous to say the least.

    Anyways, the water in your back yard is very expensive to get into space. In fact, it's so expensive that stopping on the moon to pick it on the way to mars or wherever up would ultimately be cheaper then taking it from earth. Imagine carrying a pale of water up a 300 meter incline to dump into a pool. Now imagine you have to fill this pool up which would require 2379 trips with a 5 gallon pale to fill a 24 foot pool. Now imagine doing the same with a 300 meter trip across level land. That's not quite the different in effort and energy that would be spent but should give you an idea.

    As for mining, well, they say there is plenty of Helium-3 on the moon (or so they say) and just one cargo bay of the space shuttle full of it could supply all of the US's energy demands for at least one year. Of course that would require cold fusion to be more then a pipe dream but Helium-3 is currently rare on earth so a cleaner energy source could be one product other then water for future space exploration that could be mined.

    But lets go back to the water for instance. Suppose a manned mission to mars was going to take 4 people to mars and back. Now they say you should drink 8 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Your food will provide about 20% of the total fluid intake so you need to add more water to remain healthy. But lets ignore that and the entire if your active you need more and so on and take a safe constant of 8-8ounce glasses of water per day. Now there is 128 ounces in a gallon and 8 8-ounce glasses is 64 ounces. Times that by the 4 people and you have 256 ounces or 2 gallons of water for each day. Of course this doesn't account for laundry or bathing or anything, just to drink. So it takes between 6-8 months to reach mars and the same to return. At a round 30 days to a month, that's 360-480 gallons of water one way or 720-960 gallons round trip. At 8.3 pounds to a gallon of water, you are looking at 5,976-7,968 pounds (3614kg) extra to lift off from earth. At $5 to $10K per pound to launch into space, we are looking at roughly 59 millon just to get the water up there.

    Of course they wouldn't actually send that kind of water up as they could recycle most of it (if you don't mind drinking refined wastes). But solar panels could split the water into oxygen and hydrogen, compress them to a liquid state, and supply the fuel for the trip back or maybe even a detour. Getting to the water on the moon could be the key to doing what you would like with other planets/destinations.

  8. The reason this is important. by Osmosis_Garett · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The whole reason this is important, and that no-one seems to be talking about here, is that we need another planet. There's no way we can sustain our current population on this planet into the future, and the population is growing. People will start to die en mass and life will become tragic and harsh for a much higher ratio of people (currently, thats just life in the worst places to live). We need to figure out how to create contained ecosystems and how to use the resources of other planets (and moons and asteroids and dwarf planets and eventually exoplanets). Some work is going to get done in LEO for sure, but advancing the knowledge of how to actually exist on another planet will always be valuable and important progress. Eventually, earth will just be a retirement planet, where its nature and remaining resources are protected and safe from development, and can be treated like the rare and delicate jewel that it is.

  9. Far cheaper orbit method by Dollyknot · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The high cost to the human race's colonization of space, is caused by the complexity and danger of reaching and leaving escape velocity within the earth's atmosphere, whilst dragging the fuel with which this is achieved up from the earth's gravity well, this is illogical when a supply of rocket fuel is close at hand on the moon.

    The Space Shuttle turned out to be an expensive and dangerous white elephant, the reason the Shuttle was so expensive is, because of its complexity with millions of different manufactured parts and the requirement to lift the fuel up from the earths surface with which it achieves escaped velocity.

    There is another route, we can reach the edge of space no problem Burt Rutan proved this with Space Ship one, when he won the 'X' prize by reaching over 100 km twice in one week.

    Yes the Shuttle was 'reusable' but in name only. They could not have turned that around in a week.

    One idea could be to create rocket fuel on the moon, there is lots of water on the moon, use solar energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen which makes very good rocket fuel.

    Use robot technology controlled from the earth to create the rocket fuel.

    Use the rocket fuel to fuel a space tug, use the space tug to accelerate and decelerate Space Ship one, to and from escape velocity in the safety of a vacuum.

    The moon is the door to the solar system

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