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The Tuesday Birthday Problem
An anonymous reader sends in a mathematical puzzle introduced at the recent Gathering 4 Gardner, a convention of mathematicians, magicians, and puzzle enthusiasts held biannually in Atlanta. The Tuesday Birthday Problem is simply stated, but tends to mislead both intuitive and mathematically informed guesses. "I have two children, one of whom is a boy born on a Tuesday. What's the probability that my other child is a boy?" The submitter adds, "Believe it or not, the Tuesday thing is relevant. Well, sort of. It's ambiguous."
This reminds me of a famous joke and variations thereof, (at least around eastern europe):
A man is asked on the street: What is the probability you will come across a dinosaur on the street today?
The man replies: less than 0,000000001%
When a woman is asked the same question, she replies:
50% - I either will or I won't.
So, really, it depends on who you ask.
As the article notes, it depends what you mean by "one of", (specific one vs "at least one"), and quibbling mathematicians don't always pick the most common interpretation.
In other news, an aeroplane carrying a hundred mathematicians crashed with no survivors; their university made a press release stating that one of its mathematicians died in the crash.
Yeah, but the chance of it being a girl is more than 1 in 2, it is about 51 percent, and then you have to allow for which country the kid was born in (to cater for female infanticide)... if you are being pedantic.
I used to tend bar and this is not a math puzzle, but fun for messing with the barflies when they've had a beer or 5 and start wanting to tell you their life story. First, as you pose the question, take out 3 coins (this only translates well using USA coins, one being a nickle, the other a penny, the third a quarter, dime or fifty cent piece) and state that "Johnny's Mom has 3 kids, the first one is named 'Penny,' (point to the penny) the second one is name is 'Nicky' (point to the nickle) and then point to the third coin (doesn't matter which you use) and ask What is the third child's name?" Then see how long it takes them to figure it out. And then whether or not they leave you a tip.
Take an abstract mathematical problem, invent a pseudo-real-world context, rephrase the problem very sloppily and ambiguously in plain English then laugh smugly when people get the wrong answer.
The correct answer to the question, by the way, is "I don't know - you have not given me enough information, and I'd have to go check that the gender of successive offspring from the same couple is actually independent, but its probably gonna be somewhere between 1/3 and 2/3 - and since you'd have to somehow re-formulate it as a viable experiment and run it 100 times to confirm that result, only the Bayesians give a flying fuck what the precise value is".
In other news: you can't actually build a hotel with an infinite number of rooms - you'd run out of bricks - so don't try and engage my interest in all the weird thing that would happen if you did something impossible. And stop hiding goats behind my door!
In a survey of 100 programmers, 111111 thought that duck-typing was a good idea.
Only if you believe in randomness. If the other child in fact is a boy the probablility for it is 1.
If the dad is Schrödinger the other kid is both born and unborn at the same time.
Don't fight for your country, if your country does not fight for you.
Janitor: Hey. We solved your dumb game.
Troy: We been to the libary!
Janitor: "-brary," Troy. "Li-BRAR-y." Anyway, "What two coins, when you put 'em together, makes thirty cents and one of them isn't a nickel?" Hmmmm. A _penny_ and...a 1972 dime with a Roosevelt imperfection, today worth exactly twenty-nine cents.
J.D.: Nope, nope, nope. The correct answer is: A quarter and a nickel.
Janitor: Uh, no. Because you said one of 'em _isn't_ a nickel.
J.D.: Right. The _other one_ is.
Janitor: You lied to me.
J.D.: No. It's a riddle.
Troy: Ooh! Your face is red! Like a strawbrerry!
I have never seen "DOES not disallow" in my entire life.
You haven't been watching the officiating during the World Cup.
Example: "The referee does not disallow goals that are scored fairly unless they are scored by the United States."
...what that actually represents is both having one rock in your presence butt also...
I'm sure glad I don't have a rock present in my butt...
My older brother and I were both born on Tuesdays.
Nothing to see here, just a systemic anomaly. Move along, now.
When modding "Informative", please make sure it both has a source and IS actually informative.
Did I win the lottery last week? The unknown only has two possible outcomes: I won or I lost.
Therefore, based on your math, my odds are 50-50%.
University of Phoenix online wants their diploma back. :-)
It's the 1970's. Two math professors, old friends who both live in London, are on the phone discussing an upcoming conference in Edinburgh they'll both be attending.
- Hey, we could fly over together if you'd like.
- Thanks, but I'll be driving.
- All that way? It'd take you most of the day! Whatever for?
- Well, I recently made a study of the statistics of bombs being smuggled on board passenger planes. And while the odds of it occurring on any particular flight are high, the possibility still makes me uncomfortable with flying.
- Well, suit yourself. I'm going to take the plane.
A short time later, the one professor is boarding her flight out to the conference, and who should be sitting in the adjacent seat but her old friend! They're both pleasantly surprised, and the first professor settles into her seat. She leans in and quietly asks her friend -
- So what about that whole probability issue? Was your math off, or did you just work up the nerve?
- Wrong on both counts! I did have a breakthrough, however.
- Really? How do you mean?
- Well, I went over the statistics again, and worked out the odds of two bombs being separately smuggled on board the same flight.
- High?
- Astronomical! You've a better chance of being struck by lightning!
- So how does knowing that make you more comfortable with flying?
- (singsongs) Guess what I've got in the briefcase...(pats the case on her lap)
.
Prisencolinensinainciusol. Ol Rait!
I have two slashdot readers and one of them did not read the article before they posted a reply on a Tuesday. What is the probability that the other didn't read the article as well?
100%
Can you please create a flag for everyone that posted a wrong conclusion and then filter them out of all my views in the futures.
I wish to do this because it will eliminate people who don't read the articles and people who can't do math.
Thank you.
The Kruger Dunning explains most post on