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Xbox Modding Trial Dismissed

It seems the harsh words from District Court Judge Philip Gutierrez on Wednesday had their intended effect; prosecutors in Matthew Crippen's Xbox modding case have now dismissed the indictment. Quoting Wired: "Witness No. 1, Tony Rosario, was an undercover agent with the Entertainment Software Association. He told jurors Wednesday that he paid Crippen $60 in 2008 to modify an Xbox, and secretly videotaped the operation. Rosario had responded to Crippen’s advertisement on the internet and met Crippen at his Anaheim house. All of that had been laid out in pretrial motions. But during his testimony, Rosario also said Crippen inserted a pirated video game into the console to verify that the hack worked. That was a new detail that helped the government meet an obligation imposed by the judge that very morning, when Gutierrez ruled that the government had to prove Crippen knew he was breaking the law by modding Xboxes. But nowhere in Rosario’s reports or sworn declarations was it mentioned that Crippen put a pirated game into the console. ... [Prosecutor Allen Chiu] conceded he never forwarded that information to the defense."

39 of 179 comments (clear)

  1. 'Never forwarded that information' by unity100 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Basically, they lied. dipshits. And how the hell did that Rosario guy knew that cd was pirated in the first place anyway ? did he understand it from its smell ? cd wasnt labeled ? what if the guy made a backup ? huh ?

    ehh. pointless. they are lying and slyfoxing their way. that is as good as justice gets in a land where money buys everything.

    1. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by DreamMaster · · Score: 2

      Basically, they lied. dipshits. And how the hell did that Rosario guy knew that cd was pirated in the first place anyway ? did he understand it from its smell ? cd wasnt labeled ? what if the guy made a backup ? huh ?

      That's a very good question, and precisely what I was wondering myself - how could they be so sure that it was a pirated game, and not a backup of a game he legitimately owned? Given the original article said that they had to prove he knew/was breaking the law, I can't see how they could prove that it was indeed a pirated game. Or did they previously execute a search warrant to see if he had the original disc for the game or not?

      DreamMaster.

    2. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by justin12345 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Unless he invited Rosario to take the (assumed copyrighted) disc with him it wasn't pirated, just a copy. Copies are protected under fair use, distributing copies is not. Using a copied disc would be a necessary step in determining if the procedure was effective, so it would be impossible to perform the procedure without one. Therefor he did nothing wrong, even if the DMCA (which contradicts the CoTUSA) might disagree.

      --
      Cool art gallery, if you're into that sort of thing.
    3. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by zach_the_lizard · · Score: 3, Informative

      He only dropped it because of this judge. With any other, he would have plodded along just as he before. He is doing the right thing in spite of himself.

      --
      SSC
    4. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by flimflammer · · Score: 2

      Why do you doubt it? It's very possible he had his own legitimate backup, or even homebrew? Why would someone intentionally incriminate themselves when there is plenty of legal alternatives? It's not like these mod chips are solely for pirated games, even if they are a big part of it. Just because your friends don't avoid it in a more casual manner doesn't mean someone making a business out of this would incriminate themselves like that.

      Why would Rosario never mention in his extensive reports that he put that he put a pirated game into the machine, if he actually had done so? No matter how you look at it, it sounds like once he realized he didn't have enough to go on, he lied and claimed that this guy specifically put a pirated game into the machine in order to make the charges stick.

    5. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by dadioflex · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I think we all agree that the most likely explanation for this would be that the prosecution introduced false testimony because they thought it would bolster their case, perhaps in light of a specific point the judge had raised.

      What I don't get it is why so many people automatically assume the prosecution lied and there can be no other explanation, but will twist logic into pretzels to explain the what if and maybe scenarios that justify what the defendant did in the first place. I mean, maybe he was modding Xboxes because he'd been sent back in time and that was the only way to stop the Martians stealing our women in 2050. That seems more likely than an explanation that turns him into a Robin Hood character, hacking Xboxes to run Famicon emulators and using the money he charged to help the local orphanage.

    6. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      A backup, and subsequent copy to the other device's RAM when it's inserted, is against U.S. law. Don't tell me you think that downloading owned games "because I already purchased it" is legal too? It isn't.

      Not like it matters anyway unless the copyright holder presses charges. This Rosario guy can't do anything about that. So who cares.

    7. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by hairyfeet · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Backups for one. If you have kids you know that handling original discs is a BIG no no, and one of the reason why my customers have been sticking with DVD over Blu Ray. It really isn't hard for the average Joe to pick up how to make a copy with something like AnyDVD, and keeping the originals FAR away from little Johnny is a really really good idea. in fact one of the hot sellers with my customers is those little no name "media tanks" that allow them to just rip the movies onto a flash or HDD and not have to worry about discs being scattered or little Suzy crying because her favorite Dora got messed up and skips.

      And since you are allowed under DMCA under Fair Use to make a single copy of any media you own for backup purposes that really should frankly be enough. Having the right to make a backup really doesn't do you any good if you can't actually use the backup for anything, right? And I can tell you after moving three times in four years having my PC games backed up has saved my butt more than once when an original disc got trashed in the move. It would be different if it was like Good Old Games or Steam where you can just redownload any game you own with NO hassle, but ATM you get a scratch you're boned friend.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    8. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by demonlapin · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "The right thing to do" would be to ignore any law that considers console modding - which, at worst, promotes copyright violation - a felony. Felonies are supposed to be real crimes - rape, murder, arson, armed robbery. Felons lose their right to vote. They often are denied entry to other countries, even on a tourist visa. A college dropout who works as a hotel car jockey isn't someone we need to be afraid of having on the streets.

    9. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by commodore64_love · · Score: 4, Interesting

      >>>the prosecutor did the right thing

      Unlikely. I suspect this is the backroom conversation that went on:
      PROSECUTOR: "We need to drop this case like a hot potato. We're going to lose and don't want that precedent."
      ESASPY: "How?"
      PRO: "Tell them you inserted a pirated CD into the Xbox. I can then argue that new information was not shared w/ the defense and serve motion to dismiss this lousy case."
      SPY: "But that's a lie. I never put a CD into the modded console."
      PRO: "You're point?"

      --
      "I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it." - historian Evelyn Beatrice Hall
    10. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by Moryath · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Calling it "Piracy" is the wrong word. We should call it "Jesusing."

      Think about it. Jesus took fish and bread, copied them, and gave the copies out to the hungry poor for free. I bet the fishermen and bakers weren't too happy about it either.

    11. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by TheLink · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I bet the fishermen and bakers weren't too happy about it either.

      Perhaps, but I believe a few fishermen were actually helping to give out the free food.

      --
    12. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by Moryath · · Score: 3, Insightful

      One of the ones getting me is DLC expiration.

      How am I supposed to get the Halo 2 map packs from the old Xbox DLC service if I have to buy a new Xbox due to hard drive failure or other death, if not for "pirates" who preserved them? How about all the other DLC for original Xbox titles?

      What happens a few years down the road when the DLC for the Fable series, or Halo 3, or for that matter just all the Xbox Live Arcade titles I've bought is unavailable because Microsoft shuts down the servers in favor of the Xbox 3rd-generation console Live service?

      The "DMCA" says that it's illegal to "circumvent" the "anti-piracy" measures. But without that circumvention, I am unable to safeguard my investment into MY PURCHASED PROPERTY that came in a download form.

      Sure, I still have the "original game disc" - minus any patches needed to fix the game-breaking bugs. Minus any map packs and DLC items that make up what most people would consider the complete game.

      What to do? Seems like "Piracy" is the only answer, because the answer from the game companies is "fuck you, we already got your money, go away you little peon."

    13. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by Svartalf · · Score: 4, Informative

      That's quite very wrong there on your supposition on things...

      US Code 17, Chapter 1, 117a specifically and explicitly allows this sort of thing.

      (a) Making of Additional Copy or Adaptation by Owner of Copy.— Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106, it is not an infringement for the owner of a copy of a computer program to make or authorize the making of another copy or adaptation of that computer program provided:

      (1) that such a new copy or adaptation is created as an essential step in the utilization of the computer program in conjunction with a machine and that it is used in no other manner, or
      (2) that such new copy or adaptation is for archival purposes only and that all archival copies are destroyed in the event that continued possession of the computer program should cease to be rightful.

      Do note that 2 explicitly covers "backups" as they're known- regardless of whether it's a personal computer, mainframe, or gaming console.

      It's not a case of fair use...it, like anything that would be covered by something like the AHRA, is ALLOWED USE regardless of whether or not the rights holder "permits" it or not. Fair use is the usage of stuff outside of the domain of laws like the one I just mentioned, that gives additional allowed usages that have been defined over time by jurisprudence. "Fair use" is not an affirmative defense to prosecution, but it's one that can be used to defend oneself as needed- it's something that weakens an infringement case accordingly. "Backup", though, if it can be proved...it kills the case outright. Allowed use.

      --
      I am not merely a "consumer" or a "taxpayer". I am a Citizen of the State of Texas
    14. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by zeroshade · · Score: 3, Informative

      As was also pointed out in yesterday's thread, double jeopardy is attached so they cannot file the same charges for the same thing again unless they go through the whole rigmarole of getting the undercover agents again to get evidence of him doing it again, etc. You can't simply voluntarily drop the charges and try again. It would need to be new charges for a new instance of the "crime"

    15. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by j00r0m4nc3r · · Score: 4, Funny

      Your mod points have been encrypted and the originals deleted. For $120 I will decrypt them.

    16. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by zeroshade · · Score: 4, Informative

      Technically, at least in the US, most jurisdictions find downloading to not be illegal. It is the uploading which is illegal. The problem is the distribution and making available. The reason why they can apply this and sue people who torrent things is because when you're torrenting you're also allowing others to download from you because of the nature of Bittorrent.

      Therefore it is technically completely legal to download a game you own because you've already purchased it under the fact that you are allowed to make a backup copy.

    17. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by blueZhift · · Score: 3, Funny

      It's okay. His dad owns the copyright on that stuff anyway!

    18. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by hairyfeet · · Score: 2

      I fell your pain friend, and I can give you an example of the same bullshit that requires piracy on the PC side: OS specific DRM. I have PLENTY of games where the game itself runs absolutely beautiful on my Windows 7 HP X64, just as it ran on my XP X64 before that, but what does NOT run on either OS is their $&^$%&^%$&^ DRM! All their sucktastic DRM is ring 0 crap designed to run on X86, which means if we don't pirate the games WE PAID FOR are as worthless as the plastic they are printed on.

      Oh, and a bit of warning for fellow X64 users: be damned careful and backup before installing games with DRM, as some of the DRM CANNOT BE UNINSTALLED and the ONLY way to remove is to be lucky enough to have a dual boot or if not a wipe and reinstall! No shit, try installing one of the nastier SecuROM or Starforce x86 versions on X64, it will happily install but their DRM uninstaller WILL NOT WORK and the DRM will cause all kinds of glitches and screwups, like refusing to hibernate, restarting instead of shutting down, little freezes, it is just a mess. And Lord help you if you get the wrong combo of Starforce +Safedisc or SecuROM installed side by side in either X86 or X64 because they will fight with each other and cause all kinds of hell! I have seen machines that acted like they were badly infected by malware turn out to be badly infected by shitty DRM drivers.

      So I have to agree with you 100%, piracy is more and more often becoming the ONLY way to get to play the games we played good money for. Sadly it has gotten to the point on my classic games if it don't come from Good Old games (which I can't rave enough about as ALL their games come with NO DRM and x86 AND x64 support OOTB) I end up downloading a pre cracked copy of WHAT I PAID FOR so I don't have to deal with broken x86 DRM screwing up my nice X64 OS. There should have to be a rule that after 2 years they should have to release a DRM removal tool that will strip that crap from an ISO so when they quit supporting it you don't have to risk getting screwed by broken DRM malware. But sadly as you said the attitude is "bite me, I already got your money" and we are just supposed to take it.

      --
      ACs don't waste your time replying, your posts are never seen by me.
    19. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by Chris+Burke · · Score: 4, Funny

      Perhaps, but I believe a few fishermen were actually helping to give out the free food.

      "This sucks. Why are we handing out fish copies for free, again?"
      "I'm telling you, Isaac, it's great advertising! We hand out the fish, everyone loves them, and tomorrow once this Jesus guy is gone they'll want more. And they'll come to us!"
      "But we could be selling these fish, Jeremiah! Look at all the money we're losing."
      "We're not losing anything. We didn't have to catch these fish, and the whole point is these people were too poor to buy their own food anyway."
      "Oh, okay, so let me see if I have this straight: Today, they're too poor to buy fish, but tomorrow, they're magically going to have the money to pay for our fish? Is Jesus handing out coins too?"
      "..."

      --

      The enemies of Democracy are
    20. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by LordKronos · · Score: 2

      Not true. If a verdict (guilty or not guilty) has not been reached, there is no double jeopardy invoked. It doesn't even matter if (as someone else has suggested) the jury has been seated. In fact, you can go through the entire legal process and at the end, if you wind up with a hung jury then the case can still be retried without it being double jeopardy. You can even be tried by a state prosecutor, found not guilty, and then be tried by a federal prosecutor without it being double jeopardy.

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_jeopardy#United_States

      Double jeopardy also does not apply if the defendant was never tried from the start. Charges that were dropped or put on hold for any reason can always be reinstated in the future if not barred by any statute of limitations.

      http://www.lectlaw.com/def/d075.htm

      '[T]he Double Jeopardy Clause protects against three distinct abuses: [1] a second prosecution for the same offense after acquittal; [2] a second prosecution for the same offense after conviction; and [3] multiple punishments for the same offense.' U.S. v. Halper, 490 U.S. 435, 440 (1989).

    21. Re:'Never forwarded that information' by zeroshade · · Score: 2

      Once again, wrong.

      The U. S. Supreme Court has held that jeopardy attaches during a jury trial when the jury is sworn.

      http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/double+jeopardy

      And from the same wikipedia article you quoted:

      Jeopardy attaches in a jury trial once the jury and alternates are impaneled and sworn in.

      Here's another reference:

      http://openjurist.org/367/us/364

      Once a jury has been impanelled and sworn, jeopardy attaches and a subsequent prosecution is barred, if a mistrial is ordered—absent a showing of imperious necessity.3 As stated by Mr. Justice Story in United States v. Coolidge, 25 Fed.Cas. page 622, No.14,858, the discretion is to be exercised 'only in very extraordinary and striking circumstances.'

      Only in the case of a mistrial (a hung jury is considered a mistrial) would Jeopardy not attach after a jury is sworn in. In non-jury trials it attaches when the first witness is sworn in and begins to testify.

  2. My question is by Aerorae · · Score: 2

    Don't they have bigger issues/bad guys to take care of than some college student POSSIBLY playing PIRATED VIDEO GAMES?
    Drugs, gangs, violence, terrorism, rape, murders...need I go on?
    last time I checked the courts and jails were rather full...

    1. Re:My question is by DreamMaster · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Don't they have bigger issues/bad guys to take care of than some college student POSSIBLY playing PIRATED VIDEO GAMES?
      Drugs, gangs, violence, terrorism, rape, murders...need I go on?
        last time I checked the courts and jails were rather full...

      Reminds me of the Simpsons X-Files episode:
      Mulder: There's been another unsubstantiated UFO sighting in the Heartland of America. We've gotta get there right away.
      Scully: Well... gee, Mulder, there's also this report of a shipment of drugs and illegal weapons coming into New Jersey tonight.
      Mulder: [scoffs] I hardly think the FBI is concerned with matters like that.

      ---
      DreamMaster.

  3. Re:Surprised? Surely not. by RobertM1968 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The ESA, government and ??AA caught being sneaky and underhanded in order to fuck over another citizen? I'm surprised it's even news except when the tallies of nefarious activities they've been caught at passes each 100/1000/n+^10 milestone. And yet they still get to do business.

    This story is definitely news. The judge went back and read up on the DMCA, allowed for a fair use claim as reasons to mod the things, and then slammed the prosecutors for each and every mistake and lie and crime they committed.

    I dont think I've ever seen such happen in any such case brought on by the BSA, ESA, RIAA or MPAA before. Sure, there've been ones where the judge used common sense and was stern... but this judge truly went all out to put the ESA and the prosecutors in their places.

  4. Woulda rathered the trail complete ... by cyrus0101 · · Score: 2

    ... in favour of the defendant. Sets a(nother) legal precedent supporting the idea that modifying something you own is legal.

    1. Re:Woulda rathered the trail complete ... by atomicstrawberry · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's quite likely that the prosecution in this case deliberately torpedoed themselves so that they could have an excuse to dismiss the case and avoid setting exactly this precedent.

    2. Re:Woulda rathered the trail complete ... by Burpmaster · · Score: 2

      Prosecutors work for the state.

      Officially, yes. But it feels more like they work for the ESA.

  5. Re:Surprised? Surely not. by NNKK · · Score: 2, Informative

    I dont think I've ever seen such happen in any such case brought on by the BSA, ESA, RIAA or MPAA before. Sure, there've been ones where the judge used common sense and was stern... but this judge truly went all out to put the ESA and the prosecutors in their places.

    Makes one wonder if they've pulled other shenanigans in his court before or on the cynical side, if they didn't contribute to his last reelection campaign.

    Why are you speculating on something you are clearly completely ignorant of? Federal judges do not have reelection campaigns. They do not have election campaigns. They are nominated by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate exactly once, after which they are in until they die, resign voluntarily, or are impeached and removed from office (the latter being incredibly rare, in over 200 years 14 judges have been impeached, and only about half were removed from office).

  6. Re:Surprised? Surely not. by Jah-Wren+Ryel · · Score: 2

    Why are you speculating on something you are clearly completely ignorant of? Federal judges do not have reelection campaigns.

    Because I thought it was a california district court judge who do have reelection campaigns.

    --
    When information is power, privacy is freedom.
  7. Hurray, one man's life only ALMOST ruined by SashaMan · · Score: 4, Insightful

    While I'm glad the correct outcome was made in this case, I shudder to think what would happen if the prosecution had NOT made a mistake and had notified the defense.

    Before trial, prosecutors offered a plea deal that included pleading guilty to two FELONIES. A guy whose sole "crime" was to let people use their own purchased hardware as they saw fit had the choice between:

    1. Having his life ruined - try to get any kind of job if you're not famous with 2 felonies on your record.
    2. Rolling the dice with 12 folks who couldn't get out of jury duty with the downside being years in prison.

    That this case even got as far as it did is a very sad commentary on our legal system - what if the defendant had been scared enough about the prospect of spending years in prison that he HAD taken the plea deal?

  8. Re:Well now lets see it... by cgenman · · Score: 2

    Certain agreements are maintained because while you have ownership over a physical thing, you still don't have copyright. And to run, certain things require copying. Software has to be copied to disk, videos have to be copied to RAM, etc.

    Really, the whole idea of copyright needs to fall by the wayside to DISTRIBUTION rights. You own a thing, you can copy it as many times as you need to for your own use. You just can't give those copies to anyone, and you can't retain those copies if you sell the original. At minimum, everything digital requires copying to function internally anyway. This would cut out a lot of the BS.

  9. Why isn't the prosecutor and the FBI agents by ancient_kings · · Score: 2

    arrested? *THEY* broke the law and *THEY* should know better. These type of cases will continue to happen unless a judge arrests all the agents involved in this case. Show these agents zero mercy. Make an example of them to other agents to show this is what happens when you waste the courts time and lie and cheat. This is also very clear example that there are way too many law enforcement officials. TIme to cut the fat and fire/lay off 60-80% of the FBI, DHS, most of the state/local police forces. The USA is quickyl becoming the 1980's USSR police state...

    1. Re:Why isn't the prosecutor and the FBI agents by hypergreatthing · · Score: 2

      but i thought lying under oath or to a federal agent is against the law and people have been prosecuted exactly for that, but the same isn't applied when they lie?

  10. Things are often different in a criminal trial by Sycraft-fu · · Score: 4, Informative

    Remember there's a different standard of evidence and all that. I'm not saying this judge wasn't an exceptionally good jurist, just that part of the reason is probably because all the *AA shit we've been hearing about has been civil. Given that there's no presumption of responsibility or lack thereof and the standard is more or less "Whoever had a slightly more convincing case," that is probably part of the reason they stayed out of it more.

    An additional good thing is this happened after the trial started, so this guy is in the clear. Double jeopardy applies the moment all the jurors are sworn in. So before the actual trial, the prosecution can dismiss a case, but be able to re-present it later. They dismiss it, straighten their shit out, re-indict and so on. Not here, jury was already sworn in, so this is final and binding. He cannot be retried for this particular crime ever.

  11. Re:"Knew" it was illegal? by RobertM1968 · · Score: 2

    Copyright law, as specified in the DMCA, is different in that it spells out differences. Willful infringement, and such. Intentional or commercial/for-profit infringement (for music sharing for instance) and not. Some are civil violations, some are criminal. Some of the criminal ones require willful violations (such as this), others (certain civil aspects, such as file sharing) do not.

    That's a grossly limited summary that doesnt even come close to covering all bases, and IANAL, thus wont go into more depth on it, but if you read the thing, you'll get an idea of what I am discussing.

  12. Re:Well now lets see it... by Todd+Knarr · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Yep, but when trying to claim you don't have a right to make the copies of software onto your hard drive and into memory to run, the copyright holders run afoul of USC Title 17 section 117(a) which says that, since those copies are essential steps in the utilization of said program, making them is not an infringement of copyright. And that one's held up in court. You have to actually own the copy, which is why the rightsholders try so hard to claim that you agreed it wasn't a sale, but I've always held that UCC Article 2 says it was a sale if they can't show an explicit agreement otherwise made before payment was accepted and the goods delivered. And that what I bought was not merely the physical media, because every bit of description on the box and every bit of advertising for the goods describes only the software on the disc, not the box or the disc. The seller's selling what the seller claims to be selling, no more and no less, and they can't handwave away all those claims they made before just because they're inconvenient now.

  13. Re:Thank the Founders justice has prevailed by Svartalf · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Oh, this wasn't the Chewbacca defense...

    The Prosecution did everything it could to try to convict this man- in what appears to be a case to "make an example" of the young man. They had two "star" witnesses that were guilty of the same acts as was being claimed by the prosecution for the defendant- which is bogus to say the least and the Judge was going to highlight that fact to the Jury when the time came. Then they had the one that was the one in on the "sting" "recall" on the stand that the defendant "put in a 'pirated' disc" and that this "recollection" happened just slightly before the hearings occurred and that it was "accidentally" not disclosed to the defense. They had the guy on video and I do believe that there was no mention of "pirated"- just that a copy was used to verify that it could play copies, backups or otherwise.

    Sorry, this was a case of the prosecution doing anything and everything, regardless of it's legality, to get a case win there. Once they got caught doing that, the only thing they could do was drop the case- else they could face misconduct sanctions, and possibly, since some of these shenanigans occurred within the investigation phase, Color of Law charges. There pretty much wasn't any options for the prosecution once they had that "oops" like they did there with their witness.

    --
    I am not merely a "consumer" or a "taxpayer". I am a Citizen of the State of Texas
  14. "Undercover agent"? Puh-leeeese. by mattdm · · Score: 2

    The article says "... Tony Rosario, was an undercover agent with the Entertainment Software Association ...". I'm gonna call O RLY on that one.

    Even though not surprising that the entertainment industry lives in such a fantasy world, private corporate organizations do not get undercover agents. This was some random guy playing at cloak and dagger cops under the label of "private investigator".