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IRS Nails CPA For Copying Steve Jobs, Google Execs

theodp writes "It seems $1 salaries are only for super-wealthy tech execs. The WSJ reports that CPA David Watson incurred the wrath of the IRS by only paying himself $24,000 a year and declaring the rest of his take profit. It's a common tax-cutting maneuver that most computer consultants working through an S Corporation have probably considered. Unlike profit distributions, all salary is subject to a 2.9% Medicare tax and the first $106,800 is subject to a 12.4% Social Security tax (FICA). By reducing his salary, Watson didn't save any income taxes on the $379k in profit distributions he received in 2002 and 2003, but he did save nearly $20,000 in payroll taxes for the two years, the IRS argued, pegging Watson's true pay at $91,044 for each year. Judge Robert W. Pratt agreed that Watson's salary was too low, ruling that the CPA owed the extra tax plus interest and penalties. So why, you ask, don't members of the much-ballyhooed $1 Executive club like Steve Jobs, Larry Ellison, Sergey Brin, Larry Page, and Eric Schmidt get in hot water for their low-ball salaries? After all, how inequitable would it be if billionaires working full-time didn't have to kick in more than 15 cents into the Medicare and Social Security kitty? Sorry kids, the rich are different, and the New Global Elite have much better tax advisors than you!"

20 of 509 comments (clear)

  1. The Joys of employeehood.... by rajeevrk · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Remember all, when you are an employee, the government always has the first share of your pay-pie.... if the cpa was smart, he'd have set up a proper LLC shell, and worked through it. I'm sure he has the skills to do so. and the appeals verdict on this should be interesting...... Also, yaaahooo, my first first-post!!!

    1. Re:The Joys of employeehood.... by williamhb · · Score: 5, Funny

      Also, yaaahooo, my first first-post!!!

      Ah, if someone paid me a dollar for every time I got a first post... I'd be an executive!

    2. Re:The Joys of employeehood.... by Rogerborg · · Score: 5, Funny

      Ah, if someone paid me a dollar for every time I got a first post... I'd be an executive!

      No, if you took 95 cents of my dollar every time I got a first post, you'd be an executive.

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    3. Re:The Joys of employeehood.... by Bigjeff5 · · Score: 5, Informative

      The obvious difference between this guy and the $1 club is the $1 club don't take the profits from the company. That was his mistake.

      The $1 club gets paid in stock options, which have their own tax structure, and the occasional comped service. While it is a good way to avoid taxes, they are usually still taking a big hit in the pocket book for doing so. It can actually be pretty good for the company, too. In the case of Steve Jobs and Google's top three, their net worth is directly tied to how well the company performs, so if they are at all concerned about money they are going to try to make the company as profitable as possible to boost their stock values.

      The Google CEOs are in the realm that a few million a year in salary is quite literally chump change. Taking the hit in salary to boost morale and their public image can mean an extra few million in stock values every year anyway. It's probably well worth it.

      I'm really not sure how a non-public S-corp could pull off a similar feat. The best option is probably to have the S-corp comp everything you can think of, and once you've run out of things to comp figure out your salary from that. Taking leftover profits well in excess of your salary is asking for trouble.

      --
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    4. Re:The Joys of employeehood.... by TheoMurpse · · Score: 5, Informative

      This is not legal advice, and I'm not your lawyer.

      Generally, the tax laws are such that you have to pay yourself a "fair salary" if you're the sole shareholder of an S-corp that is basically just a shell for yourself.

      Now, what is a "fair salary"? The answer is "who the hell knows," but a good rule of thumb is "a typical, reasonable salary in the industry." I was once at a meeting with a financial planner, and he said a 50-50 split seems to be fair, but I'm not so sure about that.

      My guess is that since you have a fixed salary every year, you're probably not screwed, unless your "fixed salary" is $25K/yr in an industry where the average consultant at your level pulls $90K/yr.

  2. Off Topic Rant by definate · · Score: 5, Insightful

    if the cpa was smart

    CPA's aren't very smart, that's what CA's are for.

    But in all seriousness, CPA is a really easy designation to get. I've got friends who have done both (due to working in firms who were CPA, and CA only), and the CPA is a piece of cake compared to the CA. So, the CPA is far less a symbol of being good at accounting than the CA is. Though I hear it's a little different in the US.

    Anyone care to shed some light? Particularly if you're originally from a commonwealth country.

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    1. Re:Off Topic Rant by Dcnjoe60 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      CPA's aren't very smart, that's what CA's are for.

      But in all seriousness, CPA is a really easy designation to get. I've got friends who have done both (due to working in firms who were CPA, and CA only), and the CPA is a piece of cake compared to the CA. So, the CPA is far less a symbol of being good at accounting than the CA is. Though I hear it's a little different in the US.

      Anyone care to shed some light? Particularly if you're originally from a commonwealth country.

      Ummm, since this is a US tax case, the following applies: In the United States, CPAs are five year programs, then passing the unified CPA exam, then a minimum of 2 years experience. That's the equivalent of a Master Degree in Accounting, so unless a CA is the equivalent of a CPA, then I doubt that CPAs aren't very smart and CAs are more technical.

    2. Re:Off Topic Rant by JustOK · · Score: 5, Funny

      aisshoule

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    3. Re:Off Topic Rant by ryzvonusef · · Score: 5, Informative

      As an ACCA student from Pakistan, I will try to shed some light. (Please correct me if I am wrong)

      The major difference between American style CPA and English style CA is their approach to qualification. CPA starts with an "academic"(keyword here) four year Bachelors, plus some extra "accountancy" credit hours, though I can't find any description whether these course have a pre-defined subject and syllabus or not.

      The you take a one-day, four-subject "professional" mammoth state exam, and combined with some mandatory "professional" experience you become a CPA. Incidentally, you are *not* bound to actually be a member of AICPA to practice as a CPA.

      CA is different. You start early on, often after high school level, and you start your "professional" education, doing a strange combination of professional internship at an audit firm
      and taking multiple level course (these can go to 20 paper, and focus in depth management, finance, tax and law).

      Passing these subjects is hard, since these are one-go end of term exams, not college type where midterms and assignments count.

      On top of that, often bodies have weird rules (you must pass all the subject in one module at a go, or else you fail all even if you gained an individual pass in some of them, or else you have only a few number of attempt, or limited amount of time, or some other catch.)

      Examinations are very strict, partly due to high professional requirements, but mostly to keep supply low to avoid devaluing the market.

      But even after that, you must continue to be member of the body, and pay their annual subscription (and are bound to their laws) or else you can't practice.

      To wind up, I would say that CPA is indeed "easier" than CA. Firstly, you start with a proper Bachelor's degree, so you are qualified for the market in one way, academically if not professionally. In CA, you often start early, and unless you complete it all, you are really stuck (part qualified also manage get jobs, but still it's not the real deal you spent all that money and time for)

      Secondly, the CPA system is easy. Oh sure, the exam themselves are tough, but there is only four of them, and there is no crazy pass-all-four-in-one-go scheme. For people who have to endure 20 of them, four would be a blessing.

      Thirdly, CPA is not standardised as such. Except for the four professional papers at the end by the Uniform CPA board, the rest is based on various academic courses taken on your bachelors examination, with varied syllabuses and requirements. You might enrol in a college with a slant towards one finance rather than management, or maybe stress on one theory over another. In CA, you pass through a standardized syllabus through and through, so all candidates have a uniform base.

      CA is a very prestigious "professional" qualification, and with strong traditions and strict control on ethics. However, you do get rather single-tracked. CPA feels like a clumsy "professional" topping on an "academic" cake, but going to college does give you a very good overall base.

      --
      I am an ACCA student. Got a query on Accountancy/Finance? Maybe I can help!
  3. This is Why by matunos · · Score: 5, Informative

    It's because this guy paid himself the same amount, he just funneled a lot of it through his corporation, of which he owned the dominant share (if he was going through an S-Corp, he only needs at least one other shareholder, I believe). S-Corps don't pay corporate taxes either. Google, Apple, et al are public corporations which pay corporate taxes (though not much, usually, by taking advantage of various loopholes). Most of them don't even pay a dividend, so even if Steve Jobs does have a significant number of Apple shares, he's not getting any direct payment of the company profits.

  4. Why Jobs and Ellison don't get in trouble by jonatha · · Score: 5, Informative

    The distinction between Mr. Watson and Mssrs. Jobs, Ellison, Brin, et al, is that the salaries of the latter are set by independent boards of directors of public companies. Mr. Watson set his own salary, which the court found was not commensurate with the market rate for that sort of work.

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    1. Re:Why Jobs and Ellison don't get in trouble by Monchanger · · Score: 5, Insightful

      This is a ridiculous line of reasoning. The $1 salaries taken by high-tech execs isn't about avoiding taxes - it's about leadership and morale.

      It's actually a voluntary decrease in their compensation from previous years, they aren't shifting their salary into bonuses or other forms of pay. You can't accuse them of trying to get around paying taxes because they're not coming out ahead financially.

      Now if you want to blame them for not contributing as much tax as they could, you may have a technically correct point, but good luck trying to frame a valid argument in your effort to make them look bad. And if you do, try not to keep confusing value with compensation- the value a company gets from an employee is not taxable.

  5. Wow! Delusional much? by SmallFurryCreature · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Just what the hell did you smoke that created this fairy land?

    Tunesia recently revolted after DECADES of abuse by the superrich where they did no longer bother with tax evasion but just stole gold and killed those that protested. Oh and don't forget decades of poverty and a hopeless future for the majority.

    If it takes that much negative karma, Bill Gates and Steve Jobs and the likes have NOTHING to worry about. The average voter ain't even smart enough to realize that their tax avoidance schemes ultimately cause the non-super rich to pay higher taxes. They just blame Obama and vote in the tea-party. Extended tax-cuts for everyone who has more then a billion folks!

    Bread and circusses. The only risk the super-rich face is if the American Dream dies, and that dream is not about actually being able to afford a car, a house and a huge tv, but about being able to work very very hard to get a loan that always puts you one pay check away from loosing it all. Keeps the folks on their toes, unwilling to do anything to risk upsetting the status quo lest they miss a credit card payment and loose it all.

    Why do you think ALL the elite were HORRIFIED over the housing crisis? Because poor people lost their home? Yeah right. No, because poor people found out that they aren't all that tied down to their debt. Default and walk away and start over new, maybe somewhere different with a different kind of politician. Don't let the poor money to get themselves in debt and they just might not be in debt anymore and then how do you control them?

    But that is not the worry of the super-rich. They are a few hours away from leaving the country anyway. It is the layer below that should be worried but the situation in the west is still far to tempting for the ones to get screwed to ask themselves, is it worth getting it up the ass so hard for the tiniest impossible change to one day strike it rich and screw every one else? 99% of voters in the US? Yes, yes it is.

    --

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    1. Re:Wow! Delusional much? by sjames · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Your confusion is that you are mistaking percentages by the person and percentages by the income. Let me simplify it down for you.

      Take 10 people. One of them makes 10 billion dollars a year. The other 9 each make $20,000. The top 10% guy complains that he pays a full 70% of all taxes paid and life is just so very unfair (note that he also makes well over 99% of the income). Of course the only thing that keeps the other 9 guys from leveling the playing field (and income levels) is the law enforcement and court systems the tax money puts in place.

      If any of those top 1% are that upset about their taxes, I'll trade places with them. Any takers? <crickets chirping>

  6. Wrong - Jobs awarded options by board by tm2b · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Don't let reality stand in the way of your snark, but a major portion of Steve Jobs' reward is later granted by the board as stock options.

    Options awarded in this way are a very different topic than hiding income as Sub S profit.

    Publishing this article this way is as stupid as publishing Paris Hilton whining about network protocols would be.

    --
    "It is our blasphemy which has made us great, and will sustain us, and which the gods secretly admire in us." - Zelazny
  7. We are the super-wealthy by paylett · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Half the world lives on less than $2.50 a day.
    80% lives on less than $10 a day.

    We are the super wealthy.

    --

    Believing something doesn't make it true. Not believing something doesn't make it false.

  8. Re:A read through the article... by BeanThere · · Score: 5, Insightful

    All the more reason it's time to simplify the 8000+ page tax code.

  9. Have you spent any time in a poorer country? by fantomas · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Have you spent any time in a poorer country? If so you'll know what a precarious living a lot of people have, and how many literally die on the streets from starvation or disease. 2.50 might get you more, but not a lot more.

    People rioted this year in India over the price of onions rising. People have rioted in Tunisia and Algeria over the prices of cooking oil and flour. These are not wealthy people. These are not people rioting over not being able to put enough gas in their 8 litre SUV, or not being able to upgrade to the latest games console.

    These are people rioting over not being able to eat enough to live. Onions, cooking oil, flour.

    You should be ashamed of yourself. Or at least offer to live on the equivalent salary in your own country, a living so close to starvation that if the price of onions goes up you might die.

  10. Re:Not so Easy by TheRaven64 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    So rather than "free money under a different name", stock options as a form of executive compensation more closely resemble a one-sided bet... If he wins, he wins. If he loses, he doesn't really lose anything.

    Exactly. Options mean that he can buy n shares for $m per share. If the current share price is greater than $m, then the options are worth $n*m. He doesn't pay tax on the shares unless he sells them. He can exchange them for other shares, including diversified funds that are very low risk. There are also other tricks possible, like taking out a loan (doesn't count as income) with some shares as collateral, not repaying the loan, and having the shares seized by the lender - effectively, he's sold the shares, but the whole thing is actually written off as a loss and so can be used to offset even more tax...

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  11. Looks like he just pushed things a little farther by jht · · Score: 5, Interesting

    There's a difference between owning/doing business as an S Corp like he does (and I do, as do a lot of independent professionals) and being the CEO of a conventional C Corp. As CEO of a C Corp, you're not the owner, you work for the company. Steve Jobs and other people who get $1 in compensation get paid primarily in stock grants. If the stock rises, they cash it in and get money out when they want to. If the company doesn't do well, worst case is they get nothing - for practical purposes most boards will re-price or reissue options so they get some pay out of it. Lower level execs are usually paid with a combination of more cash pay and fewer options, but current thinking seems to be that a CEO is most directly tied to stock value.

    Also, in many cases with "rock star" CEOs like the ones in tech, they have som much stock from taking the company public in the first place that they don't need much cash compensation, and it doesn't look as cool if they take it.

    In the S Corp world, I think most of us do it for the liability protection. At least at mine, I pay myself a pretty good salary. I take out occasional payments that I pay taxes on - it's usually easier to do it as a bonus in my payroll and have taxes dealt with, especially because I pay bonuses to my employees. The flip side is that owning an S Corp does let you expense things that ordinarily might not be deductible as a regular company employee, like cars and at least part of your housing (as a previous poster mentioned). I keep things very above board - pretty much the only things that the company expenses in my life are my car and its related costs, my cell phone, and any tech I buy that isn't specifically for the house. I could push more stuff on the company if I wanted to be really aggressive, but it's not worth the potential hassle to me.

    The one place where I get hit in return as an S Corp owner is in health insurance - I don't get as much of a tax benefit for my own insurance as I do for that of my employees.

    What this CPA did was pay himself a token paycheck and then push a lot more off as profits. Had he paid himself a higher base - say, $50-$60k he likely wouldn't have had a problem with it and still would have had a nice profit distribution.

    --
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