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The End of Paper Books

Posted by samzenpus on from the last-folded-page dept.

Hugh Pickens writes "Books are on their way to extinction, writes Kevin Kelly, adding that we are in a special moment when paper books are plentiful and cheap that will not last beyond the end of this century. 'It seems hard to believe now, but within a few generations, seeing an actual paper book will be as rare for most people as seeing an actual lion.' But a prudent society keeps at least one specimen of all it makes, so Brewster Kahle, the founder of the Internet Archive, has decided that we should keep a copy of every book that Google and Amazon scan so that somewhere in the world there was at least one physical copy to represent the millions of digital copies. That way, if anyone ever wondered if the digital book's text had become corrupted or altered, they could refer back to the physical book that was archived somewhere safe. The books are being stored in cardboard boxes, stacked five high on a pallet wrapped in plastic, stored 40,000 strong in a shipping container, inside a metal warehouse on a dead-end industrial street near the railroad tracks in Richmond California. In this nondescript and 'nothing valuable here' building, Kahle hopes to house 10 million books — about the contents of a world-class university library. 'It still amazes me that after 20 years the only publicly available back up of the internet is the privately funded Internet Archive. The only broad archive of television and radio broadcasts is the same organization,' writes Kelly. 'They are now backing up the backups of books. Someday we'll realize the precocious wisdom of it all and Brewster Kahle will be seen as a hero.'"

36 of 669 comments (clear)

  1. New Books Maybe Old Books Never by grapeape · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A few generations until seeing a paper book is as rare as seeing a lion? Thats a bit absurd, I dont know anyone who has thrown out their book collection after getting a kindle. I have a rather extensive collection and though they mostly collect dust now I have no plans on ditching them. I can see a day where new books are no longer published but just expecting all of the old ones to just disappear is ridiculous.

    1. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by bigstrat2003 · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I would conjecture that the effect you're talking about has more to do with not really caring about books, rather than wanting them in digital format. Not that many people my age (26) or younger these days seem to desire to do extensive reading, whatever the format is. They gravitate towards other forms of entertainment, and for most their desire to learn is goal-oriented, not focused on learning for its own sake (and being well-read as part of that).

      --
      "16MB (fuck off, MiB fascists)" - The Mighty Buzzard
    2. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by yarnosh · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Sure, the people who have book collections NOW won't give them away after getting a Kindle, but what about your children or grandchildren who never have a need for a physical book collection to start with? If they can get everything they want digitally, why should they ever invest in a physical book? They *might* inherit your old collection, but they woudln't need it. At some point those books are going to end up in the trash because nobody can be bothered to store them. That's how they will become rare. Also, It isn't so much that existing books will disappear as the average person won't have them. They'll have to make a point of seeking them out, much like seeing a lion. Sure you can go to a zoo and see a lion if you want to, but most people won't see them in their day to day lives. At some point, bound books are going to be things we look at in museums. Though I thnk that'll be more than a "few" generations from now.

    3. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by Anonymous+Cowar · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Show me any under-20 something with an extensive book collection from any time period and I'll show you the exception to the rule.

    4. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by foniksonik · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I've read hundreds of books. I used to have boxes and boxes. Then I got tired of storing them, now I have hundreds of ebooks. A few gigs of data. I'm in my thirties. Books are just data. I'd rather just see MD5 hashes or something better to verify the data. Paper can be corrupted like anything else.

      --
      A fool throws a stone into a well and a thousand sages can not remove it.
    5. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by RazorSharp · · Score: 5, Insightful

      But is this new? Go back 100 years. How many under-20 people had their own book collections?

      If you're looking at the population as a whole, probably less. Books were quite expensive one hundred years ago and is was fashionable to write in only the most dense prose which required quite an education to understand. But if you just looked at the literate -- then I would say many more. Today, more people can read and write but far less of those people actually read books. And the standard is so low. How many 'literate' people who have H.S. diplomas can read A Tale of Two Cities and actually get through it, let alone understand it?

      My grandmother didn't have an opportunity to go to college but many of my classics I inherited from her. She grew up during the Prohibition era so that's almost 100 years. It seems to me that with that generation one was either wholly ignorant or quite well educated. It took much more to simply graduate high school, but it meant more back then.

      Basically, what I'm saying is that 100 years ago a child from an affluent family probably had an extensive book collection. A child from a poor family probably didn't have a single book and probably couldn't read. But children from affluent families today rarely have extensive book collections despite having the means and the education necessary. They have video games and computers. But most kids have at least one or two books laying around. Perhaps something they received as a present or some required reading for school.

      There was a time when being upper-middle or upper class meant that one was educated. One couldn't get along socially or economically without it. For instance, here's a situation I'm sure some of you can relate with: You criticize a rich athlete/businessman/celebrity/politician for some decision or for saying something dumb and someone retorts with, "But they're rich." There was a time when the upper classes staunchly believed that money doesn't buy class. Today, money and class are considered one in the same.

      --
      "From the depths of my skeptical and rationalist soul, I ask the Lord to protect me from California touchie-feeliedom."
    6. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by yarnosh · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Also, I'd like to point out that most of what the average person would read probably wouldn't be considered quality literature anyway. So I wonder if there is any net effect if people begin to gravitate towards other media for entertainment. I remember when I was 18 I dated this girl who read nothing but trashy romance novels. She read them by the box full. In no way would I say she benefited intellectually from reading these books vs. watching the same stories as films (porn for women, IMO). If you look at it objectively, there's really nothing inherently better about books vs. other forms of entertainment. The only real benefit of books is that it is easier to fill them with useful information if you choose to. But you can also fill them with garbage that appeals to the masses and serves as little more than entertainment.

    7. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by mph_sd · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Or maybe you could learn something about life by reading books that never go out of date?

      Read "The Old Man and the Sea" and learn how a man can persist at his work and life despite the hardships thrown at him?

      Read "The Great Gatsby" to gain some perspective on how yearning after wealth for its own sake is a futile pursuit?

      Read just about anything. Your definition of the word "learn" is far narrower than it ought to be.

      "The man who does not read is no better off than the man who cannot read."

    8. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by EdIII · · Score: 5, Insightful

      there's really nothing inherently better about books vs. other forms of entertainment.

      I don't think it is possible to disagree with you more.

      I was 9 years old when I started reading the Xanth series books by Piers Anthony. I started with the middle of series at the time. For somebody my age, the protagonist was very accessible to me. I related to him. There could never be an adaption of that book in an other form of media that could even be a shadow of that universe in my mind. Not possible.

      I was 11 when I read the full edition of the Lord of the Rings after The Hobbit. It was a family copy, which meant it was not the edited crap that was mostly available in libraries throughout the 70's and 80's. My copy (now passed down to me) was published in the 50's.

      It was indescribable to me what I went through reading that. The scope of that world, the "resolution" and "texture" that it took in my mind could never be replaced or compared too. The LOTR movies are "passable". By that, I really mean crap. They could not tell the fully story. Literally. They left out Tom Bombadil and Goldberry. I can understand that back story behind that, but as a child, I understood him to be literally beyond the powers of the rings themselves. That grabbed my mind and imagination. Even Gandalf, which accordingly, is one of the strongest and most powerful beings in all of Middle Earth. Also known as Olorin, of the Maiar and disciple of Nienna. Yet, he is still under the influence of the rings.

      The LOTR universe cannot be translated from a book. It can only be read.

      Then of course there is the ridiculous expansion throughout the Rama series with Arthur C Clarke, of which The Garden of Rama was my favorite. How could *that* be transferred to another medium?

      Maybe you are right about the average person today. However, I hated English class, with a passion of a thousand Suns. I never hated the books. Maya Angelou's I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, Kafka's the Metamorphosis, Jack London's the Sea Wolf. I was exposed to all of those books through English class. I had no interest in sharing with others (at the time) what I felt about it. Fuck a book report. Seriously? How am I supposed to put into words at 10 years old what the Sea Wolf was like to me?

      I cannot put into words the worlds that were created in my head from the act of reading those books. They caused me to think, to feel, to cry, to look within myself. They showed me nobility, evil, heroism, sacrifice. Books helped me become the person I am today by shaping my experiences. Not Movies. Books.

      My love of what books did for me and where they took me can be described no better than what my punishment was a child. I was expelled from the house, but strip searched for a book first.

      There is just no way, that even the most god-like director can ever create on a screen what so many of us here on Slashdot have created in our own minds.

      Inherently no differrent?

      Sir you must be jesting. A comparison of the two is a farce at best. The difference between a flashlight and the Glory of the Sun. Whether it changes from verbal stories, to scrolls, to parchments, to paper, to digital 1's and 0's held within crystal structures makes no difference.

      The day we lose the written word, is the day we start slipping into a Dark Age, or more likely Idiocracy realized complete.

      There is only one way to go further and that is for the authors themselves to create the worlds in their minds, fully formed, and then telepathically transmit all of to us.

      Movies? I don't think so.

    9. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by Count+Fenring · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I would say that, while there isn't anything necessarily better about books than other forms of entertainment, there is something different. The demands on the attention span and memory from long-form written fiction are very, very different from the demands of movies, television shows, etc. Also, even if the material isn't very complex, just sheer practice means that voracious readers tend to be more fluent readers.

      And, from a less aggressively practical perspective, the novel as a medium has different strong and weak points than film or television, which carry over across all levels of quality. Example - romance novels tend to have better characterization than softcore porn directed at women - not due to any difference in quality of writing, but due to the larger space and ability to easily represent internal dialogue.

    10. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by yarnosh · · Score: 3, Insightful

      On the other hand, a girl who read books on linear algebra wouldn't even notice your existence.

      Because she's out of my league or because she's socially retarded? Probably more the latter.

      Books are quite different from video. If you go watch a movie, what you see is what it is, literally. Not a bit more, not a bit less.

      The question isn't how they're different. The question is how they're better or more intellectual. Any moron can tell you how they're different.

      You are fed the whole story; there is no gaps for your own imagination to fill. You consume, then the movie is over and it's out of your memory before you leave the theater.

      No, you're "fed" information through multiple senses. It is more efficient that way. A good story is just as deep and thought provoking regardless of how you tell it. You can forget a book just as easily as a movie.

      On the other hand, a book may tell you that the forest was dark and spooky, but you have to use your own imagination, your own memories and your own fears to "color" that picture. One book can tell as many stories as many readers it has. The book doesn't walk you, like an infant, through every bit of the story.

      Right, because people watching movies *never* have different interpretations and experiences. What a bunch of nonsense.

      There are other differences too. How many people watch a DVD in 10-15 minute increments? I think not many. But a book can be read this way; most fiction books are read like that.

      A DVD is not necessarily the best comparison. Consider a series like Lost. You get weekly 41 minute doses of a single story line over the course of several YEARS. Say what you will about the quality of the story, but you have to admit that there were a lot of details to keep track of. It was enough to spawn whole communities of people dedicated to documented all the details in order to decipher various puzzles. These long running story lines are becoming much more common. Gone are the days when every TV show and movie was a single, self contained story arc.

    11. Re:New Books Maybe Old Books Never by GospelHead821 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      This trend (and the trend of observing it) is older than 20 years. There was a book published in 1963 by Richard Hofstadter entitled, "Anti-Intellectualism in American Life." He traces anti-intellectualism back to before the revolutionary war. He argues that the Evangelical movement rebelled against the more scholarly traditions of the Puritans and the Catholics, resulting in a faith-based preference for feeling and intuition over scholarship. Politics have emphasized this divide, promoting tension between populism and intellectualism.

      --
      Virtue finds and chooses the mean.
      Aristotle, Ethica Nichomachea
  2. A publisher's dream come true. by Microlith · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Just think. With the death of paper books and the move to only digital copies (most of which will be slathered in DRM) you can eliminate the concept of resale, ensure that old editions of books become unusable, and revise history on the fly. Region lockouts, EULAs, acitvations and time limits. Then they can layer even more restrictions on top and enforce them via more bad pro-corporation, anti-citizen laws.

    Sure seems like we're already on this road. All they need to do is require government licensing for access to a compiler...

  3. Good thing... by jra · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Since after the EMP bombs all go off, no one's eReaders are gonna be working all that well anymore.

    Doesn't *anyone* read science fiction anymore?

    You people just aren't *near* paranoid enough.

    1. Re:Good thing... by NewbieProgrammerMan · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I know I'd be really glad for my chunks of dead trees that have information about what plants are safe to eat, which ones are good for medicine, and so forth.

      Granted, there will be an immediate scramble for survival, and I have no illusions that I'm in a good position to survive that, but in the long term there are lots of books that would be damn nice to have if you're lucky enough to survive.

      --
      [b.belong('us') for b in bases if b.owner() == 'you']
  4. Re:digital book needs to be screen reader open by bky1701 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Textbooks are as good as dead, but their evil lives on in WebAssign and other grade-based extortion rackets that makes the old textbook scam look charitable.

    "Education" and its associated businesses are built upon the concept of captive audiences and extortion. The education industry is what needs to die.

    --
    Great Intellect...
  5. Another End of Books Prediction by ohnocitizen · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I guess its our doom to be treated to an annual "end of books" prediction, alongside "the year of linux on the desktop", "the year desktops go away and everyone gets an ipad", "the year ipads go away and everyone gets a specific e-device for every task they used desktops for in ancient times", etc. At least this prediction has the tact to place itself out "a few generations", alongside flying cars and the end of disease.

  6. Yet another tech prediction... by Bieeanda · · Score: 5, Insightful
    ...like the one that said we'd have jet packs, flying cars, and Linux on the desktop in the year 2000.

    Sorry, dude. Keep your prognostication within five, ten years, and you have a discussion on your hands. Stretch it out to the point where most people reading right now will be dead, and you're writing a bit of fluff that, by design, can't be refuted or argued with.

  7. Re:digital book needs to be screen reader open by yarnosh · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Sadly, I don't think the death of the printed text book is going to save students any money. Publishers are just going to hide content behind a paid service rather than publishing an ebook you can easily pirate. Hell, they might even give the ebook away but require that you pay $100 for the online portion of the course materials. And your instructor will require you to sign up and pay for this service. Trust me, they will find a way to gouge students.

  8. Older books on Kindle are flawed by perpenso · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Older books (as in pre-word processor) on Kindle (not singling out Amazon, I'm sure iBooks and other digital stores share the same problems) are flawed. I've read a bunch of reviews of older books and there are common complaints regarding frequent typos from OCR. I am far more comfortable purchasing things written in more recent times in a digital format. That said, I confess an act of defiance in that I will not purchase the digital version unless it costs less so I still occasionally purchase paper.

  9. Damn! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    we are in a special moment when paper books are plentiful and cheap [...] but within a few generations, seeing a actual paper book will be as rare for most people as seeing an actual lion

    Ah, yes, I remember when lions were cheap and plentiful and virtually everyone saw at least a dozen of them on a daily basis. If only I had stocked up on lions back when I had the chance... :-(

  10. The Right to Read by Compaqt · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This.

    Richard Stallman's famous parable about the Right to Read, and what will happen if intellectual monopoly laws continue to grow:

    http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html

    --
    I'm not a lawyer, but I play one on the Internet. Blog
  11. You can actually own paper books by Bloodwine77 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    When you buy a book you own it and can re-read it as many times as you want. You can let your friends and family borrow it to read, or can even give it to someone else as a gift.

    I hate to see books follow down the path that is being pushed for other media where you don't actually own a copy of the media but you simply rent or license it.

    If a paper book ends up on some ban list it doesn't get revoked. Who needs the firemen from Fahrenheit 451 when you can simple push a button and automatically remove a copy of an e-book off of all digital reader devices.

  12. Re:Library of Congress by c0lo · · Score: 3, Funny

    Is this what the Library of Congress is supposed to be?

    No, the LoC is supposed to be a unit of measure for the amount of information.

    --
    Questions raise, answers kill. Raise questions to stay alive.
  13. I call shenanigans by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 3, Informative

    they will have deteriorated to dust long before the end of this century

    I keep seeing this claim on this thread. I'm old enough to have some books around that are 30 years old that I got as a kid. They show no apparent signs of deterioration. I have some of my father's books from the 50's and only the cheapest of those (some pocket-sized cartoon paperbacks) show any signs of pages yellowing or becoming brittle. The regular books are all just fine. I have some books of my grandfather's, mass-market subscription "American Classics", cheap leather bindings, made from 1908-1912 that are similarly fine to read (they're up for sale if you want them).

    None of these books have been stored anywhere but typical household bookshelves and cardboard boxes in attics. At my folks' place there's a library full of these, none turning to dust.

    --
    My God, it's Full of Source!
    OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
  14. Re:It's true by AlienIntelligence · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I've never seen a vinyl record or and 8 track cassette.

    Really though? That sounds facetious... and improbable.

    If you would have just stuck with 8-track, I wouldn't have
    said anything... but it's next to impossible to exist on
    this planet, not be blind, surface from the subterranean
    cave you live in occasionally and NOT have seen a
    record... somewhere.

    Which you could say, if I've never seen one, how do I
    know I saw one, if I did. And that's where I say... it's
    called anecdotal knowledge. Such as the lion that is
    involved in this protracted analogy. The roar and the
    sheer ominousness of the creature you would see,
    would lead you to believe it was a lion from supposed
    knowledge that you should have at this point.

    I can mail you an Elvis 8-track if you like. It's in stereo.
    };-)

    -AI

    --
    For me, it is far better to grasp the Universe as it really is than to persist in delusion
  15. Libraries? by Narcogen · · Score: 3, Insightful

    What's the rationale here? That Amazon and Apple are going to buy and shutdown all the public libraries, including the Library of Congress? There's a fine line between being forward-thinking and being, well, nuts.

    1. Re:Libraries? by SydShamino · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I think the public-good-costs-too-much tea partiers / fiscal conservatives will eventually shut down all the public libraries without Amazon or Apple's help.

      They'll say, "Why should taxpayers who never use the library pay for it? If you want to read a book go to the local Barnes and Noble; they have a reading section. If anything the 'public' library is hurting this private business." Then later when all the Barnes and Noble stores close, they'll just point out that "if we needed access to paper books, the free-market would have kept B&N open."

      And I think the Library of Congress falls into the "go to the zoo to see a lion" analogy for a physical book. Sure, they aren't going to close. But they no longer take a copy of every printed book. Their funding will be cut, too, and their outdated collections will simply become a research library. And it's not like important libraries have ever been accidentally burnt down.

      --
      It doesn't hurt to be nice.
  16. Archiving by Law by MacroRodent · · Score: 5, Informative

    In Finland, every publisher is required by law to submit a copy of every printed work published in the country (not just books, but newspapers and magazines as well) to the National Library and a few other university libraries (so the system has redundancy). This has been going on since 1829. I suppose many other countries have similar laws.

  17. Re:Uhm... by Osty · · Score: 5, Interesting

    1. There is a standard for ebooks that everyone can agree to. (i.e. not the epub/mobi/PDF/Custom Apps, other stuff format wars we have now).

    This is mostly the case now. Every modern physical ebook reader (Nook, Kobo, Sony, etc) supports EPUB with the sole exception of Kindle. Either Amazon will eventually bow to standards, or the Kindle will ultimately become irrelevant. Format changes have happened before. Barnes & Noble successfully switch from PDB to EPUB. Amazon could do it, if they wanted to. Right now they're in a market position where they don't need to. Of course they're also very, very careful about always referring to their offering as "Kindle books" and never "ebooks". These are not intended to be generic ebooks readable on any reader. They're Kindle books, only readable on devices with Kindle software.

    PDF is evil and needs to die as an ebook format. That's already happening, especially for narrative literature. The remaining hold-outs are technical books and designers stuck in a paper mindset. The former will change as the epub standard evolves. The latter will change simply with time, as the old guard retires or dies and are replaced with people who understand how to layout books digitally (if you want a corollary for this, look at the web -- it's been a very long time since professional web sites have had "Best viewed at 1024x768 in Internet Explorer" recommendations, because the old paper-based designers who wanted pixel-perfect control have retired or died, or finally evovled).

    Custom apps are simply money grabs, and will die as generic readers become more widespread.

    2. The DRM is gone and/or and things like resale are easily allowed with ebooks.

    There's plenty of movement on this front. All of the major stores allow publishers to sell their books without DRM. The old-guard publishers are the ones requiring DRM now, and they will eventually be forced to follow the example of the music industry. It's just a matter of time at thi point.

    3. ALL books are available as standard eBooks conforming to the conditions above.

    This is probably the biggest hurdle. The Gutenberg project produces high-quality epubs, but they can only handle copyright-free works. So long as there are luddite authors like J.K. Rowling who refuse to make their works available in ebook format, you will never be able to hit 100% coverage. But of course like all things, time will solve this one. In a generation or less, any author will find it unthinkable not to offer ebooks. Assuming they're even able to do so if they wanted.

    4. eBook readers are cheap enough that basically everyone has them.

    Compared to what? But there are two ways to look at this one:

    • Do you have a smartphone? You now have an ebook reader. Every major mobile OS (iOS, Android, BlackBerry, Windows Phone, etc) has at least one ebook reader. Kindle's on every platform, for example. But what if you don't have a smartphone (despite it seeming like everybody and their dog has an iPhone or Android device these days)?
    • Dedicated ebook readers can be had for well under $100. Kindles are available for $114, and Nooks for $140. While that sounds like a lot, it's really rather cheap and a one-time fee. How much would you pay for paper copies of the entire Gutenberg library? Several orders of magnitude more than $100, as a low estimate. Unfortunately ebook prices on current titles are not that good (this will have to change over time), but if you read 20 free books that on average would've been $5 for a paper book your reader's paid for itself.

    5. The price of eBooks drops to represent their approximately $0 per unit production cost.

    I agree, yet disagree. Ebooks still require editing, cover art, layout, marketing, etc. All you really get to save in the production area i

  18. Re:It'll be a sad day by shutdown+-p+now · · Score: 3, Insightful

    What are the odds of a file created toady being readable in a 100 years?

    Pretty high. If your format is plain text, or plain text with extra markup (i.e. still readable without a viewer - like, say, HTML), then I don't see why it would go away. I have some text files around, authored by me, which are over 15 years now and still perfectly readable. With plain text, the only issue is encoding, but we haven't had upheavals in that department in quite a while - ASCII is almost 50 years old, and even Unicode has been around for 20 years now - and Unicode 1.0 was already enough to archive pretty much any work of Western civilization.

  19. You guys are all missing the point by Chuck+Chunder · · Score: 5, Funny

    A few generations until seeing a paper book is as rare as seeing a lion?

    It's the massive surge in lion numbers that we should be worrying about.

    --
    Boffoonery - downloadable Comedy Benefit for Bletchley Park
  20. Re:How long does he think those books will last? by Zedrick · · Score: 4, Informative

    > Modern books aren't designed to last hundreds of years.

    Really? That's an interesting statement. Of course they're not "designed" to last for hundreds of years, but all new books I've bought the last 20 years or so seems to be of higher quality than the still-very-readable books I have from the 19th and 20th century, and I would expect my new books to last at least a few hundred years.

  21. Re:I'm okay with this by Osty · · Score: 3, Interesting

    What is wrong with PDF? It is actually my preferred format. It supports annotation, bookmarks, highlighting, and is an open standard. PDF 1.5+ files can be reflowed to fit small screens. What's not to like?

    It's not a full standard (like Microsoft's .NET, only a subset of PDF is standardized). Flowable text requires manual intervention (tagging) that most PDF authors don't do, assuming they even put text in the PDF rather than just use images of text (the latter is all too common). Even when you do have proper flowable text, other elements don't flow nearly as well. You can't change font faces on the fly, or margins, or other layout functionality that should be user-controllable.

    Epub, on the other hand, is a complete open standard, essentially being a subset of HTML and CSS in a ZIP container. It has its own flaws, such as lack of MathML support (complex equations will generally be represented by images), but for 99.999% of books it's a better solution.

    More importantly, PDF vs. EPUB is more about doing layout the "old way" vs. the "new way". The old way is paper-centric, where designers have pixel-perfect control of every piece of the layout, down to kerning of the fonts if they wish. This is great when you know exactly how your content is going to be viewed (for example, it will always be printed on A4 paper). PDF represents magazines, paper flyers, paper books, desktop publishing, etc, or essentially the print world. EPUB, on the other hand, is built from web standards. It's designed on top of markup that was initially created to empower the end user. You get all the standard buzzwords, like separation of content and display, that you would if you were building a web page. For narrative books, it's pretty straightforward to make the swich from PDF (paper) to EPUB (digital). Technical books are where things get difficult, and require a perspective shift. For example, if you were writing a technical book for print on paper, you'd probably have a lot of tables, sidebars, indexes, etc. When you go to convert that to an ebook, you quickly find that EPUB is somewhat limited on first glance. You're dead set on replicating the tables and sidebars and such from your printed book, so you just say, "Screw it, ship the PDF." But that's paper-centric thinking. In the digital world, that sidebar would become a link off to other data. The tables could still be there, of course, but you'll have to rethink where they fit in the flow of the text so that they render well on smaller devices. Indexes are trivial, of course. And there's a ton of other stuff you can do, as newer readers (iBooks, Nook Color) on more capable devices have the ability to embed other media and provide more interactive experiences than what you'd get from a piece of paper or a PDF. It turns out that if you approach the problem from a digital perspective rather than a paper perspective, you end up with something that looks different but still conveys all of the information you intended, and in a better way for digital devices.

    To look at it another way, back in the 90s when everybody was just starting to write web pages, a favorite method for graphic designers was to composite a layout in photoshop and then chop that up into multiple images laid out in a table (or worse, use image maps!), just as they would do if they were creating a magazine or flyer layout. Those sites were horrible. They wouldn't scale if you needed to change font sizes to make them readable, they wouldn't flow with the size of your browser ("Best viewed at 1024x768" my ass!), and they eventually broke once the box model was standardized and it turned out that Internet Explorer got it wrong (oops!). You don't see those kinds of sites today, web pages that attempt to replicate the exact look of a paper product, and the reason is obvious -- the web is not paper, and trying to force it into a paper design is painful for everybody. Ebooks are the way, and designers will learn sooner or later that they can't shoehorn their paper designs into an ebook and have it work.

  22. Or a Publishers nightmare by arcite · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Authors can publish themselves! Cut out the middle man! It's already happening. Indeed, pirating of books is rampant, I myself have the top 1000 sci-fi books in digital format from a torrent, only took a few minutes to download. The future is here.

  23. The End of Libraries? Not really by arcite · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Modern libraries do a lot more these days than just lend out books. Libraries are centres for knowledge and learning, they will adapt.