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Decoding the Inscrutable Logos On Your Electronics

jfruhlinger writes "If you've bought a piece of electronic equipment — a computer, a printer, even a lowly power supply — you've no doubt noticed a host of inscrutable logos festooned all over it — UL, CE, FCC, TUV, RoHS, ENERGY STAR, and the like. What do they mean? Each of these compliance marks tell a story about your gadget's operation or lifecycle, and knowing what they mean can let you in on the hidden life of the gizmos you buy."

140 comments

  1. But only if... by NecroPuppy · · Score: 2

    They're stamped on there legitimately.

    For a while there, you couldn't go a week without seeing one story or another about some "UL certified" device blowing up... because the UL stamp was fake.

    --
    I like you, Stuart. You're not like everyone else, here, at Slashdot.
    1. Re:But only if... by Ellis+D.+Tripp · · Score: 2

      The devices didn't blow up because the UL stamp was fake. They blew up because they were cheaply built pieces of crap.

      The fake testing agency stamps were just the icing on the cake.

      --
      Remember "News for Nerds, Stuff that Matters"? Help make it a reality again! http://soylentnews.org
    2. Re:But only if... by Hazel+Bergeron · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If a regulatory standard does not have a publicly accessible database to confirm conformance, it is useless.

      This includes the worst such standard of all: the self-certified. See also Ethernet over powerline, RFI and Ofcom.

    3. Re:But only if... by ackthpt · · Score: 2

      The devices didn't blow up because the UL stamp was fake. They blew up because they were cheaply built pieces of crap.

      The fake testing agency stamps were just the icing on the cake.

      Quite an interesting bit on the BBC a few weeks back (I'm sure it's in their archives) on "innovation" in China - Once a company has made a product on contract they would retain some of that technology to make extra runs of the product - even going so far as to brazenly and proudly show their knock-offs at trade shows, completely overlooking the matters of copyrights and patents.

      I recently acquired a set of Syma S107 helicopters (which are a ton of fun) and while reading a little bit more on them found there are loads of knock-offs - product, packaging, manual and accessories all copied. That's a heck of an effort just to make a duplicate. Faking CE, FCC or UL stamps isn't even icing on the cake, it's testament to their attention to detail when making a copy.

      --

      A feeling of having made the same mistake before: Deja Foobar
    4. Re:But only if... by Mashiki · · Score: 3, Informative

      Hardly. Getting UL certification, or CSA certification is stupidly easy. It all comes down to manufacturing and the quality of it and why 'shit blows up'. An example, back when I was working at a plant that made medium and heavy industrial equipment for the disposal of components of ICBM's, we had everything CSA and UL tested. This test involved a disclosure of the electrical device and how it worked. The CSA certification was similar. This was followed with a POTS test and we could slap the label on.

      Besides that we also shipped this stuff to europe, and it had to be electrically certified for Germany, France, and Belgium. At least the wiring codes were easy. I always did like their rubberized 'soft' wiring vs the hardcoat we used here.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    5. Re:But only if... by SydShamino · · Score: 1

      UL doesn't exactly staff itself with the best and the brightest, either. It's all about extracting as much revenue as possible from every company in an end-product's supply chain, while ultimately giving enough approvals to keep the companies from going to a competing service like CSA or TUV.

      --
      It doesn't hurt to be nice.
    6. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      hahaha you might want to take a look at everyone else before you say "UL is bad".

      FM, CSA, TUV are bottom of the barrel when it comes to engineers and quality. UL is the highest quality but also the most expensive. That's how they are, on purpose.

    7. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      If a regulatory standard does not have a publicly accessible database to confirm conformance, it is useless.

      This includes the worst such standard of all: the self-certified. See also Ethernet over powerline, RFI and Ofcom.

      TUV has an online accessible database: http://www.tuvdotcom.com/

      You just type in the certificate number (which is a tiny print under the triangle logo) and you can find everything about the test procedures and even see the signatures of the people responsible for the test.

      Disclaimer: I work in TUV.

    8. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Informative

      How much would it interest you to know that the Syma S107 is itself a blatant rip off a product that came before? Or that at this point in the timeline, it's utterly impossible to figure out who actually engineered these things in the first place.

      I have a small collection of these heli's as a result of my product research for my webstore. At least 12 different brand names, but only 7 different models. The other 5 are exact copies, with the only changes being stickers/paint/dye.

      Even more interesting, the best ones are the most ignored in the greater market. Such as the pico Z. Which is one of the few models of these toys that use a single rotor blade setup, instead of the counter-rotating system that most of them use. The pico Z is interesting because it's obviously an effort to shrink 3D R/C helicopters. They cut a lot out, but in principle the Pico is a micro sized version of it's larger cousins. It has a gyro, it uses a single rotor, it has a full tail rotor and automatic collective mixing (this is a result of the ESC). The down side being that it has no attitude control as a 3d heli would have, so it always flys forward and it's less controllable than the counter-rotating dual rotors, because those kind can hover, where the Pico can't (not really).

      Anyway, back on topic - it's my experience (I buy a lot of wholesale from China) that most companies could not possibly care any less about Intellectual property, and only slightly more than that about contractual obligations. As it turns out, if you can find a product you want, and they don't make it , they will go steal the design, the dies and process from someone that has it. Then they'll build the widget for you, at .01c less than the other guy. This sounds like a joke, or bullshit, but I'm not even remotely kidding. I tried to get into Airsoft (legal reasons in the US make it hard). The manufacturer I was working with is a big brand name in the field. As part of my investigations, I went to a trade expo, and as soon as I told anyone I wanted Airsoft, they said "who's?" Turns out they weren't kidding either. I asked for "cheap" copies of all the top lines, and got them. Right down to the misspelled Grock.

    9. Re:But only if... by datapharmer · · Score: 2

      yep, lots of tp-link routers from a major geek-from-an-egg online retailer that have fcc codes that don't match the fcc licensing database. They work more reliably in my experience than the "cisco" home wireless routers do though. I guess the regulatory body labels don't mean much whether they are fake or real anymore. *shrug*

      --
      Get a web developer
    10. Re:But only if... by BBF_BBF · · Score: 1

      Getting UL or CSA certification says NOTHING about the quality of the device. It's all about electrical safety.

      Basically, a certification means that a device won't catch fire if it shorts out and won't electrocute the crap out of you in certain short circuit cases.
      Plus the manufacturer submits all units for test, so it's up the manufacturer to ensure that "production" units are identical to the ones submitted for testing.

    11. Re:But only if... by postbigbang · · Score: 3, Interesting

      No, tuffer than that.

      Dielectric strength is tested; mains separation from consumer touchable parts are tested; holes can't be big enough to stick a small screwdriver or knife into (something that conducts more than .25") into the chassis, and so on. Yes, electrical safety, but beyond first article inspection, there's a long list of details to keep an object "safe" for consumers so that liability can be reduced, and insurance costs go down.

      --
      ---- Teach Peace. It's Cheaper Than War.
    12. Re:But only if... by Mashiki · · Score: 1

      Yeah I wasn't exactly clear in my first two sentence. But I have been awake for nearly 30hrs so I promise NOTHING! HAHAHA!

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    13. Re:But only if... by jollygreengiantlikes · · Score: 1

      You're glossing over an abundance of detail on UL/CSA listing.

      I work for a company that manufactures industrial particulate moisture sensors. Due to the location these are commonly installed in, we have been required to jump through a number of hoops (HazLoc classifications, etc) without first being told what hoops we'd have to be jumping through. (Perhaps this is easier at a larger company where there are personnel dedicated to reading the tomes of standards - literally 1000's of pages which cost $$$$). After two go-arounds with UL at ~$10,000 each and no communication other than "Your device does not meet applicable standards" we've shelved the process.

      If you've got the inside track for maneuvering, I'd love to hear about it.

    14. Re:But only if... by tibit · · Score: 2

      This can still be done with plenty of lip service. Just like building that's done to minimum code requirements is often a crappy place to live, designs done to minimum standard requirements usually suck.

      --
      A successful API design takes a mixture of software design and pedagogy.
    15. Re:But only if... by tibit · · Score: 2

      You're doing it wrong. Get in touch with a company that does consulting, contract with someone who has done hundreds of those devices. For $10k extra you'll pass. BTDT.

      --
      A successful API design takes a mixture of software design and pedagogy.
    16. Re:But only if... by Khyber · · Score: 3, Interesting

      "holes can't be big enough to stick a small screwdriver or knife into (something that conducts more than .25") into the chassis"

      That only applies if you're going for an Ingress Protection rating.

      Disclaimer: I make dust and water-proof lighting solutions. I have to pass this with every single product revision I make for commercial use.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    17. Re:But only if... by Khyber · · Score: 1

      UL sucks horribly and half of them were 100% incapable of understanding my device or how it works.

      CE certification is superior and the Europeans actually have an education.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    18. Re:But only if... by NotSanguine · · Score: 1

      The devices didn't blow up because the UL stamp was fake. They blew up because they were cheaply built pieces of crap.

      The fake testing agency stamps were just the icing on the cake.

      Are you sure it wasn't UL exacting revenge for stamping a fake logo onto the product?

      --
      No, no, you're not thinking; you're just being logical. --Niels Bohr
    19. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the disposal of components of ICBM's

      That would be *most* of the ICBM, wouldn't it?

    20. Re:But only if... by KDR_11k · · Score: 1

      Careful with that, I don't know about US law but here in Germany it's a crime to import counterfeit goods both for the seller and buyer so you could end up facing criminal charges.

      --
      Justice is the sheep getting arrested while an impartial judge declares the vote void.
    21. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      *facepalm*

      I read that as "the _disposable_ components of ICBMs"

      It's been a long day. I'm pretty glad I forgot to log in to /. today

    22. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      My understanding was that the strictest requirement of all, is a boatload of money to UL. Recurring.

      True or false?

    23. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It is possible that uncertified wireless routers work more reliably exactly because they would not meet the power and emissions limitations imposed by the specification.

    24. Re:But only if... by fridaynightsmoke · · Score: 1

      UL sucks horribly and half of them were 100% incapable of understanding my device or how it works.

      CE certification is superior and the Europeans actually have an education.

      Sorry to burst your bubble, but CE is a 'self certified' system. European engineers are perpetually complaining about CE being stamped on anything and everything, with no testing whatsoever, entirely legally and with no enforcement.

      I know because I used to do standards compliance (amongst other things) in a previous job at an electronic manufacturer in the UK.

      --
      This is a substitute for a clever sig that fits within the maximum number of characters.
    25. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, I guess I don't have much experience marking low cost, low power consumer goods. Where approval marking is a pain in the ass is for larger industrial equipment. It takes months and tens of thousands of dollars to do appropriate tests for UL/CSA/CE marking of control enclosures, distribution boxes, etc. Even if all the sub-components contain the required marks, you still have to do lots of tests on the system to make sure you applied the parts appropriately. If you don't follow the rules or slap a CE and say "we tested it" but didn't, then you create a tremendous liability for your company. If the component causes EMI and you have the CE mark showing you meet EMC directive, and you didn't properly test, then you may be required to pay damages for lost production, broken equipment, and ultimately personnel safety if your "out of spec" component fails or causes disruption in other equipment. I've seen it happen. Don't short-sell the compliance requirements.

    26. Re:But only if... by black+soap · · Score: 1

      In Thailand and especially in Cambodia, t-shirts often have tags for US retailers sewn in, even the knockoffs. Sometimes "genuine" name-brand jeans in a market will even have "wal mart price tags" showing the US retail price - a dead giveaway to anyone who has been in a US Walmart. The people sewing in the tags probably don't even know what they say, they just know all t-shirts are supposed to have them.

    27. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You are a idiot. Part of my job is regulatory - safety, EMC, and enviromental stuff. Writing the code and designing the circuit would be a fucking cake-walk if not for the regulatory requirements. Most recently released project - 23 days to do the hardware, 48 days to do the code, 137 days to do the Type Tests, EMC qualification, and write the TCF. If you do not know what the latter three are, then STFU.

      The rest of you ignorant non-engineering morons can just eat my shit-stained shorts.

    28. Re:But only if... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      One of the problems with the whole "global trading" thing. The government watchdogs' can't patrol outside of their boundaries, even if they know there's a problem.

      I, personally, am waiting for China or someone to start putting out messed up pharmaceutical products. Anyone who remembers the HIV and Hepatitis C tainted hemophilia products from 20 or so years ago will remember how badly it can go when you REALLY just care about that bottom line. Don't think those people even got a good amount of money for that whole thing.

    29. Re:But only if... by Ellis+D.+Tripp · · Score: 1

      I, personally, am waiting for China or someone to start putting out messed up pharmaceutical products.

      Your wait ended a few years ago:

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Chinese_heparin_adulteration

      --
      Remember "News for Nerds, Stuff that Matters"? Help make it a reality again! http://soylentnews.org
    30. Re:But only if... by Khyber · · Score: 1

      CE is 'self certified' only as long as your testing methods meet their standards and controls.

      There are independent labs to get a legitimate CE cert.

      And my parent company is UK-based.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    31. Re:But only if... by SydShamino · · Score: 1

      I've worked with UL and TUV and would take the Germans over the Georgians any day.

      --
      It doesn't hurt to be nice.
  2. New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I'll just move on, because I can't see anything here. If I wanted to know this I would've gone to Wikipedia.

    Somehow I thought this was a news site (maybe it says something about that in the tagline?), but I must have been mistaken. Silly me.

    1. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Plombo · · Score: 1

      I wish you hadn't been modded down, because you have a valid point.

    2. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by geekoid · · Score: 1

      yes, because everyone had the same interested and level of experiences as you do~

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    3. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      If I wanted stuff that didn't matter, I would go to Digg.

    4. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      This is what I'm hearing you say: "This article looks like shit! It's crap! Seriously, look!"

    5. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh my GOD! I totally saved myself a few seconds on reading this page - could you go through the entire Internets and tell me every page that you don't like, don't agree with, and wouldn't bother to read; but comment on anyway? Thank you, I want to be better informed.

    6. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      Wow. Thankyou AC for the whoosh sound I just heard.

    7. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Legal.Troll · · Score: 0

      Concur, file this under "basic understanding of how the world works".

      If you've never seen one of these logos and been curious enough to discover their meaning on your own, do you really care enough to read this story?

      --
      "Outdated business models" is code for "I don't like paying for things, but want them anyway"
    8. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Mashiki · · Score: 2

      /. long moved from being a news site for nerds to a tech site for people who don't have a fucking clue years ago.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    9. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Ihmhi · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It would have been nice if they had a chart showing the logos and explaining them. Yes, we get it, most of those are there as proof of passing certification... but which ones mean what?

    10. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Khyber · · Score: 1

      Quit assuming everyone knows everything, douchebag.

      Not every geek understands what these things mean and may indeed be QUITE interested in learning about it. After all, it *DOES* deal with technology, which is something nerds quite enjoy.

      Maybe you should go to Digg and stay there. Or maybe 4chan's /g/ board might be more appropriate for you, given your apparent lack of cognitive ability.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    11. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      The only assumption I made was that this was a news site - hence the tongue-in-cheek "Tell Slashdot" title in reference to 'Ask Slashdot'. Do you get it?

      Throwing insults around and using capitals is a very intelligent way to put your point across. Thankyou.

    12. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Intrepid+imaginaut · · Score: 1

      Nobody is an expert in everything. That's what slashdot is good at, bringing the occasional actual expert in particular fields to enlighten those of us who might be expert in other fields.

    13. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      Please, come on. Have you seen how many comments against this story that are saying that there is nothing to read in TFA? It was not written by an expert.

      If an expert in the field had actually spent the time to go through all of the logos and tell me the ins-and-outs of what they actually mean or had provided a chart with break-down logo-by-logo.. then that would be good on Slashdot, and I would appreciate it.

    14. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by MachineShedFred · · Score: 1

      That's what I was looking for. Instead I got three pages of word bricks that didn't tell me squat.

      --
      Slashdot still doesnâ(TM)t support Unicode after it was added to the HTML standard in 1997.
    15. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I think by "actual expert" he means the people posting comments. Yourself excepted, of course.

      The article is shite, however. I'll give you that.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    16. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Khyber · · Score: 1

      Yea, that's the only assumption. Shall I go into the list of unspoken implications your statement brings?

      Again, I repeat, perhaps you should go to Digg or /g/ if you lack that basic mental faculty.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    17. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      Yea, that's the only assumption. Shall I go into the list of unspoken implications your statement brings?

      Again, I repeat, perhaps you should go to Digg or /g/ if you lack that basic mental faculty.

      No, let me do that for you. I wouldn't want you to assume things that weren't really there.

      (i.) New section: "Tell Slashdot"
      (ii.) I'll just move on, because I can't see anything here. If I wanted to know this I would've gone to Wikipedia.
      (iii.) Somehow I thought this was a news site (maybe it says something about that in the tagline?), but I must have been mistaken. Silly me.

      i. Sarcastic reference about the submission style compared to 'Ask Slashdot' (a very worthy section). Inference: I don't expect to be told anything on this website as if I was a child. I do expect to find valuable content which is new and matters.
      ii. Sarcastic reference to the Slashdot tagline, then a statement about the article not having any valuable content - plus that I could find this out quite trivially at Wikipedia.
      iii. Yet more sarcasm (surprise!).

      Nothing at all has been suggested about the intellect of Slashdot readers or where they should go.
      Also, have you looked at nearly all of the other comments against this submission? I suggest you do that before replying. You will see that I am not alone with my views.

      --

      Do you have eyes but fail to see?

    18. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Khyber · · Score: 1

      Your views and the views of others mean nothing unless you've been directly contributing to the site.

      --
      Still waiting on Serviscope_minor to wake up to fucking reality and realize that Jessica Price isn't going to fuck him.
    19. Re:New section: "Tell Slashdot" by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      In some way, I hope this thread has helped contribute to the site.

      Thanks for your feedback and views. It's been much appreciated.

  3. TFA total mess by DragonTHC · · Score: 5, Insightful

    TFA is a convoluted mess of industry jargon and useless information.

    A useful article would involve the icons themselves and what they mean.

    --
    They're using their grammar skills there.
    1. Re:TFA total mess by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's not on Slashdot because it's useful, it's because it's an infoworld article. They give baksheesh to the editors or something.

    2. Re:TFA total mess by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      One (in the know) would expect no less than a confused piece of crap from an "IT" publication's article on an Electronics subject.

    3. Re:TFA total mess by Andy_R · · Score: 2

      An even more useful article would explain the difference between what they are supposed to mean (generally that the item complies with the requirements of a standards body), and what they actually mean (generally that a standards body has mandated that all items of this type have their logo on it), and what they mean in practice (in my experience, that the vendor told the manufacturer they were worried about the lack of sufficient impenetrable logos).

      If the article was really, really useful, it would dispel some of the myths that surround these logos - I've dealt with several small businesses who believe that the C E mark is a meaningless advert for the European Union that must appear on every part of every object in Europe, or the gnomes of Zurich will wreak unspecified havoc on them.

      --
      A pizza of radius z and thickness a has a volume of pi z z a
    4. Re:TFA total mess by dakameleon · · Score: 5, Informative
      --
      Man who leaps off cliff jumps to conclusion.
    5. Re:TFA total mess by E+IS+mC(Square) · · Score: 4, Insightful

      This is why, on /., you read comments and not TFS/TFA. Thank you.

    6. Re:TFA total mess by Call+Me+Black+Cloud · · Score: 1

      I clicked through the article looking for the slick USA Today-like info graphic. Ah yes...there's nothing like an all-text article on icons. Maybe the editors should reject submissions where the link starts with "gopher://".

    7. Re:TFA total mess by dlgeek · · Score: 1

      I was going to mod you up, but you're already at +5, so let me just say THANK YOU. *THIS* is what I was expecting from TFA, sadly it was lacking.

  4. Was it just me by pjbgravely · · Score: 2

    Was it just me or did the story actually say almost nothing. I was expecting a list of the syllables and what they meant.

    --
    Star Trek, there maybe hope.
    1. Re:Was it just me by Relayman · · Score: 2

      There's a lot more to RoHS than "states that specified substances aren't present." I could write a whole article on that one alone. Oh, gee, somebody has: Wikipedia!

      --
      If I used a sig over again, would anyone notice?
    2. Re:Was it just me by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      was/it/just/me/or/did/the/sto/ry/ac/tu/al/ly/say/al/most/noth/ing/I/was/ex/pec/ting/a/list/of/the/syl/la/bles/and/what/they/meant

      Syllable n. - a unit of spoken language that is next bigger than a speech sound and consists of one or more vowel sounds alone or of a syllabic consonant alone or of either with one or more consonant sounds preceding or following.

    3. Re:Was it just me by Ethanol-fueled · · Score: 1

      You're right, especially the irony of RoHS trying to be better for the environment when RoHS-compliant gadgets are actually junked quicker and with greater frequency because RoHS solder joints are brittle shit. Red Ring of Death anyone?

      Take a look at the wiki link you posted. I love how the "Hazardous materials and the high-tech trash problem" section is right above the "Life-cycle impact assessment of lead-free solder" section. So we're giving the poor people much more garbage to wade through, but at least it's better for their health.

  5. Free windows ..... by ELCouz · · Score: 2

    Showing your product key on Slashdot is not a good idea !!!

    1. Re:Free windows ..... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yeah, because otherwise it would be oh so hard to install Windows. Not that anyone smart enough to notice, would want to install it in the first place. ^^

      Also, PROTIP: Information (and that includes data, and so, software) is always free. No matter what the MAFIAA tells you. You don't have to trust me on that, and you should not need to trust anyone on that. You can check the physics of it for yourself: Can Microsoft control if I'm going to install Windows here? As long as anyone else they can't control has a copy of it... and as long as they can't control me... according to the laws of physics... no. :)

    2. Re:Free windows ..... by swanzilla · · Score: 1

      Actually, /. is an reasonably safe place to let Windows 7 codes fly.

    3. Re:Free windows ..... by cosm · · Score: 1
      He's right. Front page of the article. Article is a trap BTW, mostly wordiness with some acronyms. Sorry Daniel P. Dern, but whaaaaaaaa?

      Windows 7 Home Premium
      JYR76-C9WTK-T8G7R-4V9D7-TY32J

      And this generic fodder:

      Other certification marks confirm that the device has been tested in terms of radio-frequency (RF) and electromagnetic interference (EMI). This includes ensuring that RF from cell phones, WiFI routers, microwave ovens, cordless phones, etc. won't interfere with the device's operation. Similarly, devices have to be tested to make sure they aren't emitting a too-high level of RF that could interfere with another device (like airplane navigation, or a heart monitor). Any device with a "radio" (including WiFi, Bluetooth, cellular, WiMAX) emits RF, of course -- and just about anything with a microprocessor can be an "unintentional RF radiator."

      Was this written for People or was this written for folks in IT?

      --
      'We are trying to prove ourselves wrong as quickly as possible, because only in that way can we find progress.' RPF
    4. Re:Free windows ..... by nmb3000 · · Score: 1

      JYR76-C9WTK-T8G7R-4V9D7-TY32J

      Ha. Sounds like a good tag for this story.

      Tagged: JYR76C9WTKT8G7R4V9D7TY32J

      --
      "What do you despise? By this are you truly known." --Princess Irulan, Manual of Muad'Dib
      /)
  6. It's exactly what it is... by Lead+Butthead · · Score: 0

    A series of "standards" designed to keep groups of people employed while producing more "standards" that contributes nothing to human civilization.

    --
    ELOI, ELOI, LAMA SABACHTHANI!?
    1. Re:It's exactly what it is... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You must be in puberty. Without standards, you would not be here.

    2. Re:It's exactly what it is... by Fnord666 · · Score: 1

      A series of "standards" designed to keep groups of people employed while producing more "standards" that contributes nothing to human civilization.

      See also ITIL.

      --
      'The tyrant will always find pretext for his tyranny.' - Aesop's Fables
    3. Re:It's exactly what it is... by mug+funky · · Score: 1

      i suspect he's here precisely because his mother didn't have standards

      (SNAP!! BURN!)

  7. "hidden" by EdIII · · Score: 4, Funny

    knowing what they mean can let you in on the hidden life of the gizmos you buy

    They tell you when you buy them.

    Don't feed them after midnight.
    Keep them away from water.
    Avoid sunlight.

    Thought that was common knowledge.

    1. Re:"hidden" by c0lo · · Score: 1

      knowing what they mean can let you in on the hidden life of the gizmos you buy

      They tell you when you buy them.

      Don't feed them after midnight. Keep them away from water. Avoid sunlight.

      Thought that was common knowledge.

      <pedantic_mode>These go for all mogwai, not only Gizmo.</pedantic_mode>

      --
      Questions raise, answers kill. Raise questions to stay alive.
    2. Re:"hidden" by EdIII · · Score: 1

      Isn't the fact that you bothered to create and close tags about being pendantic indicative of an extra level of pedantic behavior? :)

    3. Re:"hidden" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't is always after midnight?

  8. RoHS by Scott+Kevill · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Rodents of Hunusual Size. I don't believe they exist.

    --
    GameRanger - multiplayer gaming service for PC and Mac games
    1. Re:RoHS by GrBear · · Score: 1

      It's "Rodents of Human Size", and they're know to gravitate toward politics.

  9. Windows Key by colsandurz45 · · Score: 3, Informative

    Does this guy realize that he just published his windows 7 product key?

    1. Re:Windows Key by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      haven't spend much time figuring out how the win7 licensing work but, isn't the oem licenses with computers from
      "the big guys" locked to specific hardware etc. So that key will only work for a lenovo pc and unless you call ms
      that specific lenovo pc?

    2. Re:Windows Key by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Simple answer no. Long answer nooooo. Since the key information is stored either in the bios or in the first part of the boot drive, you can pretty much soft-hack it in if you understand the basics of how a PC works.

    3. Re:Windows Key by masteroffm · · Score: 1

      the system restore discs typically install a pre-activated copy of windows using a generic key and they are locked to a specific hardware configuration. the OEM key itself can be used to install windows on any computer if you have the generic installation media (like you get when you buy an OEM copy). also with Windows 7 there is no difference between OEM, Upgrade, or Retail discs. Previously with XP you couldn't install using Upgrade media with an OEM key. with Windows 7 the license type is solely dependent on the key. You can even make install media that will install any version of windows (Home, Pro, Ultimate) from an existing install disc. as far as activating goes though a web activation may fail, but a phone activation should work just fine (not that I am saying from experience or anything).

    4. Re:Windows Key by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Damn you sir, I had no intention of R'ing TFA until you mention'd this salient fact....

    5. Re:Windows Key by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      It depends.

      If it's a Win7 OEM version, it'll go for a special BIOS license or other mechanism by default (the Win7 contents might be the same, but there's a slight difference in the discs).

      If you use that Win7 OEM key, Win7 won't actually activate properly - you have to call up Microsoft and do a phone activation. If you use the proper OEM key, then Win7 will use the SLIC or other method to get the license and auto-activate. If you buy an OEM copy, you can activate it normally as per retail copies.

      And you must use the right key first. If you have a Win7 Enterprise DVD, it won't accept anything other than an Enterprise key.

      The OEM keys are fun - because the BIOS module doesn't contain the edition, you can usually go into the upgrade center, and when it asks for the upgrade key, you enter in the OEM key for the Ultimate version and it'll be a genuinely licensed version for the Ultimate.

      I've done it with several PCs with OEM Win7. Came with Home Premium, updated to Ultimate in the upgrade center by entering the OEM key. The OEM key ensures Windows uses the OEM method for activation so no Microsoft interaction required. It's pretty neat.

  10. Where did they get this article? Demand Media? by Animats · · Score: 2

    Crap article. You'd think there would be a picture of all the logos on something, followed by a close-up picture of each logo and its explanation . But no. It's pure did not do the research.

    This looks like Demand Media content for a made-for-Adsense page. Probably paid the author about $10.

  11. Wanted the real story behind the marks by Relayman · · Score: 0

    LIke UL: Overpriced for its safety testing; you can get a CE certification for less. Or Energy Star: Let's you waste energy as long as you don't waste it in certain ways.

    --
    If I used a sig over again, would anyone notice?
  12. Use your decoder ring by itchythebear · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Decoding the Inscrutable Logos On Your Electronics

    Mine says "Don't forget to drink your ovaltine."

    --
    If what I just said sounded like a troll, it was probably just a failed attempt at humor.
    1. Re:Use your decoder ring by bigwillystylie · · Score: 1

      Burma Shave

  13. Misread title? by deadhammer · · Score: 2

    Am I the only one who read the title as "Decoding the Inscrutable Legos On Your Electronics"?

    --
    I'll be honest, we're throwing science against the wall to see what sticks. -Cave Johnson
    1. Re:Misread title? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No, I saw that too. How did they know?

    2. Re:Misread title? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, as most of us read "Decoding the Instructable Legos On Your Electronics"

      I think the lego let down was due to capitalizing every word in the title except for "the" which doesn't really make any sense.

    3. Re:Misread title? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I actually read it as "Decoding the Indestructible Logos On You Electronic" and wondered what kind of new super logos they were talking about.

    4. Re:Misread title? by Inda · · Score: 1

      Yes.

      The rest of us can read properly.

      --
      This post contains benzene, nitrosamines, formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide.
    5. Re:Misread title? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I was really excited because I thought this was about some kind of hardhack with those lego robotics kits.

      Mindstorm or something?

  14. Decoded? NOT! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This article says exactly nothing, wtf. Nothing is decoded. Is it too much to just put each logo on a sheet and what it certifies and ACTUALLY decode the symbols for the rest of us?

  15. Kosher? by chill · · Score: 2

    Where's the Kosher electronics?

    --
    Learning HOW to think is more important than learning WHAT to think.
    1. Re:Kosher? by ELCouz · · Score: 1

      ... it won't be applied to any bacon cooking machine :)

  16. Compliance by Jimbookis · · Score: 2

    The article is interesting and has a fair point. I have worked at three companies now where compliance was very much an afterthought and was charged at each company to get them over the line before the items went to market. Luckily I have been able to make various combinations of hardware and firmware meet C-Tick (CISPR21/22), A-Tick (S-001/2/3/4), IP-52, EN60950 etc.) with judicious application of capacitors to ground, sticky metal foil, clip on ferrites and firmware corrections. On the other hand, hardware I have designed has considered these things first up an resulted in quick testing and no revisits to the test labs. You software types have no idea! Making sure your SELV and hazardous voltage clearances right first time will save very expensive rework and restesting.

    1. Re:Compliance by tibit · · Score: 1

      So you're saying there are idiots out there who do PCB layout without having all that put down in design rules that get automatically checked? WTF?! When I do layout, I first check what limits are placed by the board maker and assembly house, then applicable standards and good engineering practice, then everything gets put into the DRC rule set. From that point onwards it's easy sailing.

      --
      A successful API design takes a mixture of software design and pedagogy.
  17. Article sucks by billcopc · · Score: 3, Informative

    Even Wikipedia has better info than that paid article :P

    UL: Underwriters Lab - a safety testing outfit
    CE: Conformité Européenne (french) - Europe's equivalent of the UL
    TUV: Technischer Überwachungsverein - German safety org like the above two
    FCC: Federal Communications Commission - they license, test and certify radio equipment (cell phones, wifi, etc)
    RoHS: Restriction of Hazardous Substances - a European law restricting hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, and a few others
    ENERGY STAR: A set of energy efficiency standards primarily featured in the US, British Commonwealth nations, and parts of Europe. They are typically much stricter than national requirements.

    At the end of the day though, most of these are just marketing stickers. Yes, they require some degree of certification, but it's kind of like getting your MCSE or A+. Not having the cert does not necessarily mean your device will blow up or pop breakers, it just means the mfg didn't pay their fee to get certified. For big mainstream appliances it's kind of dumb to not have it, but on most smaller gadgets it's a non-issue.

    --
    -Billco, Fnarg.com
    1. Re:Article sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      >For big mainstream appliances it's kind of dumb to not have it, but on most smaller gadgets it's a non-issue.

      Until it sets on fire and:

        - Insurance refuses to pay up for the damage
        - You lose your home due to the above
        - The electrical supplier sues you for connecting non-compliant devices to their power grid

      It is against code in most places to use devices that didn't pass recognized safety standards (your relevant government will have a list of recognized testing labs they can provide you with). That means it is illegal to connect the device to the public utilities and therefore not covered by your insurance.

      The same thing can apply to devices that aren't tested for compliance with wireless coverage standards, too. Think ICES, DOC, IC, FCC, whoever does it in your area. In that case, the device doesn't set on fire. Instead, a white van comes to arrest you and you get to pay the government money (lots in most cases).

    2. Re:Article sucks by SydShamino · · Score: 1

      Of the ones you list, TUV is pretty strict. The rest are pretty much all self-certificates, though with UL you probably had to go to a third-party agency to give you your rubber stamp.

      --
      It doesn't hurt to be nice.
    3. Re:Article sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Except that:

      - The insurance company doesn't care. I know my policy doesn't have any exclusions for nonstandard devices.
      - You lose your home from the fire, the insurance company WILL build you a new one unless they actually put an exclusion in your policy. And the "approved" devices start fires too.
      - The electrical supplier doesn't care either. I signed nothing agreeing to use only "approved" devices, they'd have a really hard time suing me for it.

      It's not against code most places. You don't even assume any more risk most places.

      And with wireless, nobody cares as long as you're not creating interference with a licensed user of a frequency. Really, nobody cares. No white vans, no arrests, no fines. It might not be technically legal (or it might be, depending on the frequency) but unless you take the local TV station or the pigs off the air, nobody gives a fuck.

      So stop it with the FUD.

    4. Re:Article sucks by bws111 · · Score: 1

      They are only 'marketing stickers' in the sense that it may well be illegal to sell the devices without the stickers.

    5. Re:Article sucks by tibit · · Score: 1

      I think you truly believe what you say, but it's just FUD spread by certification agencies and standard body shills. I don't know if you're one knowingly or not. It's a bunch of BS. If something cheap and poorly done starts a fire, there's usually no way of telling what it was. It'll melt and you won't be able to even tell what the heck it was. Nobody cares, really. As long as it's not fraudulently done (on purpose to get insurance money), you'll be in the clear.

      --
      A successful API design takes a mixture of software design and pedagogy.
    6. Re:Article sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's the problem, they're only stickers.

    7. Re:Article sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      UL, UR, ETL, CSA etc: Safety mark, requires safety testing and periodic followup (every 3 months for ETL for example)
      CE: Self-declaration, may involve technical file review by a notified body (which is identified by a 4 digit number next to the "CE")
      S/N/D/FI: Previously national marks for Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland, these marks are now owned by various private test houses. Periodic followup.
      TÜV/VDE: German safety marks with periodic followup

      The only mark above which does not require testing by a third party is CE. Also, safety testing isn't worth much without periodic followup to ensure that the products coming out of the factory are the same as those that were tested.

    8. Re:Article sucks by mrt_2394871 · · Score: 1

      CE: Conformité Européenne (french) - Europe's equivalent of the UL

      Bzzzt! Incorrect.

      CE (it officially doesn't stand for anything) is a Manufacturer's attestation that they meet all relevant European CE-marking Directives.

      Legally speaking, the manufacturer (or their European agent) must have documentation backing up this attestation - Declarations of Conformity, Technical Documentation (probably including test reports); and most Directives require some level of end-user information to be provided with the apparatus.

      Interestingly, the "New Legislative Framework" (see Regs 764/2008/EC, 765/2008/EC & Decision 768/2008/EC for the gory/mind-numbing details) is going to beef up the level of market surveillance, allow enforcement authorities to prosecute retailers in cases where the manufacturer can't be traced, and trademark the CE marking.

    9. Re:Article sucks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, in my country (Canada), it's against code, specifically rule 2-024 of the CEC. Since Ontario Hydro originally created said code, it means connecting stuff that isn't on the approved list to their power (which is the only power you can buy) is illegal.

      "CEC Rule 2-024 - Electrical equipment used in electrical installations within the jurisdiction of the inspection department shall be approved and shall be of a kind, or type and rating, approved for the specific purpose for which it is to be employed. "

      FYI, the jurisdiction of the inspection department would be anything connected to your local hydro supplier. If you're all solar/use a generator, I think you might be exempt. As a Canadian, I'm not entirely familiar with US standards. It appears they vary by state. For example, in Minnesota, it is also illegal to connect unlisted (ie: Unapproved) devices to the electrical supply:

      http://www.stpaul.gov/DocumentView.aspx?DID=1402

      But hey, that only covers 6% of the world (assuming all US states have similar requirements--it only seems logical they would to me). I have no clue what the requirements are in Europe. Perhaps they don't care. Although, that would surprise me, they are usually much more strict. Heck, in parts of the EU (all of it now?) they don't even permit wire nuts to be used.

      My homeowners policy says that if I do something illegal that causes damage to the home it is not covered. Hence, if I burn the house down because I illegally connected unapproved devices to the electrical supply, I would not be covered. While it seems your policy covers you running a meth lab at home, mine doesn't. Perhaps that's why my insurance is only $600 a year.

      So, stop misinforming people, someone is going to burn down their house and you are going to be responsible for it.

      BTW, the CEC does have the force of law behind it. So, at a minimum, you try to pull this in Canada, you can be fined seriously.

  18. Article failure, press left mouse button to cont.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Start reading article
    No chart
    Stop reading article

  19. Ugh, come on now. by ModernGeek · · Score: 1

    This is complete garbage. We have to at least assume some sort of level of competency for the readers of this site. What are we trying to do here, be PBS for kids?

    --
    Sig: I stole this sig.
  20. As someone who layout these.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I hate those logos, yet they're mandatory due to govt. regulations (not just the US). Sometimes I have to make the product labels larger after convincing with the higher ups I can't print anything smaller than 6p and still be humanly visible.
    The *best* part is trying to fit 2 or 3 languages onto the device itself. And they're getting smaller every year....

    Merci Canada.

  21. Sounds great, except... by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 2

    ...the article doesn't actually tell you jack about decoding the logos. Instead, the article can mostly be summed up with, "You have lots of logos on your electronic gadgets. They mean things, like meeting safety or RF interference standards! They cost money."

  22. Need a new subslashdot by sootman · · Score: 2
    --
    Dear Slashdot: next time you want to mess with the site, add a rich-text editor for comments.
  23. I am okay with that... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Mine says "Don't forget to drink your ovaltine."

    As long as we're not talking about Drinking the Kool-Aid.

  24. Completely useless article by joost · · Score: 2

    Okay, so I tried something new and went ahead and read TFA this time. Big mistake. For something supposedly about the icons on electronic you'd expect to see the icons with their meaning printed next to them, right? But not this article! It reads like an SEO meta tag, does nothing to explain what any of those icons mean, and is full of bullshit jargon. Save yourself the trouble and don't read it. As for the slashdot "editors": fuck you guys.

  25. Better article by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    A better article with photos of some of the logos is on Ars Technica at http://arstechnica.com/apple/guides/2011/02/ask-ars-what-do-the-symbols-on-the-back-of-iphones-mean.ars

  26. neat! by nimbius · · Score: 2

    this thing is three fucking pages of high-level dreck about the labels the author saw and what they mean in general
    at the end of page 3 im told not to despair and keep the faith as the industry tunes its testing parameters to top notch standards!

    i did however get a nice bombardment of inline advertising for the site, side bar adverts for the sponsors,
    and enough fucking namedropping to fill a grocery cart with products tattooed in symbols and codes
    that by the end of the article i could only appreciate from afar.

    --
    Good people go to bed earlier.
  27. When it saiz CrapXon by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You know it's bulged capacitor time

  28. Speaking of festooned logos... by aneroid · · Score: 1

    The next Ask Slashdot article should be "How do we get those ridiculous laptop stickers off our palm rests?" and even from some desktops. 5 at last count: brand/model, cpu, graphics card, windows os and one huge sticker with the CPU, RAM, HDD, OS specs...as if you stole a display piece. /. covered how AMD hates them as much as we do but...what next?

    'festooned' is a popular word in articles on /..

  29. For an article on decoding those icons by flimflammer · · Score: 2

    You'd expect a chart or something telling you what they were.

  30. when it saiz diebold by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You know it means a fucked up election

  31. NOM? by Anarki2004 · · Score: 1

    I always see "NOM" on my electronics, and wonder what that means. An interesting read, but this article did not help me in my quest.

    --
    The teachers will crack any minute, purple monkey dishwasher.
    1. Re:NOM? by Alan+Shutko · · Score: 2

      I had exactly the same question, and figured it out eventually. It's a official Mexican technical standard, which is managed by a technical committee similar to other national standards bodies.

      http://www.ul.com/global/eng/pages/corporate/contactus/faq/marks/nom/

      For the longest time, I thought it meant something like "Name", since NOM appeared in the inset in the HP48 where you could put an engraved nameplate.

    2. Re:NOM? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
    3. Re:NOM? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      OM NOM NOM NOM

      DOT COM

  32. Yeah... And what about those tags on my mattress? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Surely Slashdot can find some enterprising Karma whore to write about that.

  33. Still a cost problem for low-volume electronics by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If your equipment is manufactured in large volumes, or even small volumes if it's large expensive heavy machinery, the cost of testing isn't a problem. But if you're making a small volume of fancy technology, and changing designs a couple of times a year until everything's really stable, UL testing can apparently be annoyingly expensive, so maybe you'll end up using UL-tested power supplies but not certifying the whole design.

    And a lot of equipment doesn't bother with NEMA certification, which is a stricter set of rules for use in places like computer hosting centers. Fortunately, more and more network equipment is moving from purpose-built hardware to virtual machine appliances you can run on certified PC server hardware.

  34. Apple has no logos whatsoever by B00KER · · Score: 1

    I don't understand why all brands have lots of logos whilst Apple has basically no logos on their devices.

    1. Re:Apple has no logos whatsoever by tlhIngan · · Score: 1

      I don't understand why all brands have lots of logos whilst Apple has basically no logos on their devices.

      Depends. The iPhone4 has them on the outside for the GSM version because it has to have those logos somewhere on the product the end-user can see (by regulation). Most cellphones hide those logos under the battery. The Verizon version, because it's US only, has no logo other than the Apple one on the back as the FCC one doesn't have to be shown (the FCC ID is good enough).

      For the computers, since there are user-openable panels, the logos are hidden in there, like most other laptops.

      And it's an aesthetic choice - Apple likes clean lines and such, which is why they don't have those "Intel Inside" and "AMD Graphics" logos and the like to uglify their Macs.

      Other devices use the logos as a differentiator so having as many as you can and plastering them all over is seen as a merit badge. If you can't compete on design, you can always compete on features, and all those logos count. It seems for PCs, especially desktops, the gaudier and "technical looking" the PC looks, the better. And nothing looks more "technical" than a bunch of logos.calling attention to you as "complex stuff here!":

    2. Re:Apple has no logos whatsoever by jeaton · · Score: 1

      My MacBook Pro had a line of logos on the bottom which are now mostly worn off. The AC adapter has one side covered in them as well.

      My iPhone has a row of them across the back as well.

      The iMac, interestingly enough, doesn't appear to have any certification logos on it that I can see.

  35. Re:All but one. by thegarbz · · Score: 1

    For industry those are marketing stickers too... all but one.

    For the most part no one ever requests the certificates for the above. TUV on the other hand, when an item I buy has a TUV sticker on it I typically want to know absolutely everything on the certificate.

    It's not just the German equivalent of UL or CE. They do incredibly detailed conformance testing of equipment to strict standards. E.g. if one of the logic solvers in the control system fails, TUV are the guys who tell you how quickly you must fix it before it should automatically power down. When you walk in an air bridge out of a plane in Australia, America, Europe, the UAE etc you'll find they have a very big TUV conformance notice printed on them including the date of inspection, the date of next required inspection etc.

  36. Q: Where to point the link? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    A: To the print link, if the site allows it. There's less ads and all other spam and usually the text is on one page.

    For example, now the link should've pointed to http://www.itworld.com/print/176647

    Slashdot fucking editors, PLEASE do some editing, thank you. This is 101 stuff after all.

    1. Re:Q: Where to point the link? by Bongoots · · Score: 0

      Hear, hear!

      If the editors did this it would make it less of an incentive for submitters (read: advertisers) to throw such 'articles' at us.

      But then again, would Slashdot suddenly lose a certain amount of the submission base if the advertisers weren't able to get their jollies?

  37. Government regulation at work by RogueWarrior65 · · Score: 1

    This just confirms to me the claim that government regulation is ubiquitous and expensive. According to numerous sources e.g. http://www.freedomworks.org/blog/jhammerton/the-hidden-cost-of-regulation compliance with regulation costs businesses more that corporate taxes, roughly 12% of GDP. IMHO, not only is the U.S. economy dangerously heading down the road of selling far more in services than it does in tangible product, but the government is feeding itself through runaway regulation.

    Taking that a step further, curtailing the tort system will go a long way to reducing the cost of everything. Take the latest example of plastering grotesque images on cigarettes. Was this necessary? These days, if you still haven't figured out that cigarettes are dangerous, something's seriously wrong with you. Of course, there are those who promote the nanny state concept who say that everything must be regulated to the nth degree to avoid a future class-action lawsuit. These days, medicine is conducted in a cover-your-ass manner. Order every frigging test in the book just so that no lawyer can sue down the road saying that his client would still be alive if you had performed test XYZ. CYA is what's fueling the meteoric rise of healthcare costs. Nothing in Obamacare has addressed this. Of course, part of the problem is that much of Congress is made up of lawyers so they're well placed to protect their own. Furthermore, elected officials are rarely held accountable for the efficacy of the laws they right. It's all about "I wrote/passed/voted-for a law. Reelect me." Nevermind the unintended consequences.

  38. Where did the evening go? by jc79 · · Score: 1

    Linking to that site should be instant -100 karma. I want my three hours back!