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Droughts Linked To Global Warming

Layzej writes "Two new papers indicate that we are likely already seeing some of the predicted impacts of global warming. The first used Monte Carlo simulations to analyze how many new record events you expect to see in a time series with a trend. They applied the technique to the unprecedented Russian heat wave of July 2010, which killed 700 people and contributed to soaring wheat prices. According to the analysis, there's an 80 percent chance that climate change was responsible. The authors have described their methods and how they improved on previous studies. The second group studied wintertime droughts in the Mediterranean region. They found that 'the magnitude and frequency of the drying that has occurred is too great to be explained by natural variability alone. This is not encouraging news for a region that already experiences water stress, because it implies natural variability alone is unlikely to return the region's climate to normal.'"

30 of 535 comments (clear)

  1. Doughnuts? by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 4, Funny

    I first read that as "Doughnuts Linked to Global Warming".

    Stands to reason I suppose.

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    Evil people are out to get you.
    1. Re:Doughnuts? by lastx33 · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Animals releasing methane don't have anything to do with global warming, since that's already part of the carbon cycle. Fossil fuels are the issue.

      They surely do. They would only be a natural part of the carbon cycle if they existed in sustainable numbers. Unfortunately there is an increasing amount of livestock being bred to satiate the market for animal products, both in the west and the rapidly expanding markets in the east. In the east, it is increasingly seen as being desirable to copy western patterns of consumption and this includes adopting a western style diet high in animal products. The by-product is both increased methane production and the expansion of factory style farming which also entails high energy input.

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      "You can lead a horse to water but a pencil must be lead!" - Stan Laurel
    2. Re:Doughnuts? by JustOK · · Score: 3, Funny

      you're just trying to bagel the question.

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      rewriting history since 2109
  2. We're not there yet... by Daetrin · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The unusual weather events we've been seeing around the world the last year aren't proof that global climate change is real... at least not yet. Weather != Climate and all that, not over the period of a single year anyways. But eventually if the trend continues and we continue to see more and bigger weather related disasters over the coming years then eventually even the non-scientist deniers will have to admit there is a problem. When that does happen, i wonder if any of the deniers will actually step forward and admit they were wrong? Every time i see a denier post on Slashdot that seems to come from someone who sincerely believes what they're saying i'm tempted to write their name down and ask them about it when that time comes, but i'm far too lazy to actually follow through on that.

    (And turnabout is fair play. If ten or twenty years from now the temperature hasn't gone up any more and the weird weather events go away without us taking any action about it i'll be willing to stand up and say i was wrong. In fact i'd be quite happy to have that event come about.)

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    1. Re:We're not there yet... by next_ghost · · Score: 3, Insightful

      You're hoping for too much from deniers. Their selective memory will take care of the issue and they won't admit to being wrong anyway.

    2. Re:We're not there yet... by Layzej · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The unusual weather events we've been seeing around the world the last year aren't proof that global climate change is real... at least not yet. Weather != Climate

      That is the opposite of the conclusion reached by these two papers. The papers found that the events in these regions are more likely with the current warming, and would not likely have occurred if it were not for the recent warming.

      If ten or twenty years from now the temperature hasn't gone up any more and the weird weather events go away without us taking any action about it i'll be willing to stand up and say i was wrong.

      You should expect to see another record year in two or three years (barring a super volcano). Waiting for 10 or 20 years before you reconsider your position is extreme in my opinion. On a somewhat related note, one of the interesting findings of the first paper is that we should expect fewer record years from temperature series that show greater natural variability. For instance, the UAH series exaggerates El Nino/La Nina events relative to other series, so we should expect fewer record years from that series, even though the trend is the same.

    3. Re:We're not there yet... by bunratty · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If someone is denying climate change today, I see no reason why they would not keep denying for the next twenty years. Even after dramatic climate changes in 50-100 years, I have no doubt that they will still say there's no proof that the changes were the result of doubling the concentration of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. After all, there's no other Earth to run a controlled experiment on, so by definition there can never be any iron-clad proof. There's also no proof the universe wasn't created last Thursday.

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      What a fool believes, he sees, no wise man has the power to reason away.
    4. Re:We're not there yet... by Daetrin · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Well i agree with your last point. There are plenty of good reasons to improve our current systems even without considering climate change.

      As for the first part, at which point do you feel the argument that the change is related to our activities breaks down? It's easy to find numbers on exactly how much oil, coal and natural gas is burned every year and calculate the resultant change in carbon dioxide concentrations in the air. I've done the math myself, and it's surprising how big an impact we have. It's been a while since i did that but at the current rate presuming no other changes it's a surprisingly short period of time before we'd make the atmosphere actually lethal. (Some thousands of years i think? Though it could be tens of thousands or just centuries, i'd have to look up the math. In any event surprisingly quick on geologic scales.)

      Of course according to current models we'd see severe changes to the climate long before that point. So where do you disagree? Do you feel that the carbon dioxide is being pulled out of the atmosphere at a _much_ greater rate than it was before we started pumping it into the atmosphere? If so, where do you think it's all going? Or do you feel that the models claiming that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas are wrong? Or do you feel that some other factor is balancing the effect of the increased carbon dioxide? Or is there something else i'm not considering that you think is important?

      I would argue that given we have a mathematically proven effect on the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere it's kind of silly to argue that we can't do anything about the climate. And i would _not_ argue that the current temperature is perfect for the planet, but i think that it's pretty likely the current temperature, or at least the current climate, is close to perfect for us right now. After all, we've spent a long time adapting ourselves to the current situation. It's possible that another situation might be better for us overall, but adapting to that new situation over the period of a couple decades would probably be very painful. Maybe if northern Canada and Russia turn into ideal farmland while the Europe and the Midwest in the US turn into dustbowls the total _potential_ food harvest will increase, but how many people will starve (and how many wars will be fought?) before that new potential is realized?

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    5. Re:We're not there yet... by Telvin_3d · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The current temperatures are not the perfect ones for the planet. The planet doesn't care. The current temperatures are perfect for us and the food crops and animals we have based our civilization around.

    6. Re:We're not there yet... by haruchai · · Score: 4, Informative

      You mean like Christy, Michaels, Spencer, Lindzen and Pielke? Yeah, like that.

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      Pain is merely failure leaving the body
    7. Re:We're not there yet... by chrb · · Score: 5, Insightful

      these papers don't prove anything

      Proofs are for mathematicians. You can't make a "proof" that we aren't living in some Matrix-style virtual world, where the climate is controlled by The Architect. What scientists can do, however, is to establish the most likely hypothesis to explain some observed data, and provide error bars for acceptance of said hypothesis. And that's pretty important.

      Warmer temperatures cause greater evaporation and greater precipitation. Period.... anybody who is predicting more droughts, on average, due to warmer temperatures is -- ahem -- all wet.

      Not really, because as you point out changes are regional in scope. That means that it is possible for some regions to get hotter, some colder, some wetter, some drier. If the regions that already have a large rainfall get a lot more rain (enough to significantly increase the global average), and regions that are on the drought boundary get slightly less rain, then the number of droughts will increase, even though the global average rainfall has also increased. I'm not saying that is what will or won't happen, but logically the two outcomes of "greater global rainfall" and "increased drought" are not mutually exclusive.

    8. Re:We're not there yet... by the+gnat · · Score: 3, Insightful

      I am by no means convinced that there is a causation link between the two, or that most (obviously not all) of the people preaching AGW aren't doing it because they benefit from "green" research and development, which is more often than not (and unfortunately) a rip-off.

      I think it bears reminding everyone, again, that the 6 of the top 10 companies in the world by revenue are oil and gas producers, and the total revenue of the fossil fuel-based energy companies is in the multiple trillions of dollars, a scale comparable to the US federal budget. This is at least two orders of magnitude more money than the DOE's annual budget (more than a third of which is spent on nuclear security, not "green" research), and more than three orders of magnitude more than the federal government wasted on Solyndra. So even if most of the people claiming that AGW is real are doing it for the money (which is bullshit - academic scientists don't make very much, at least not compared to oil and gas company scientists), it's not exactly a level playing field.

    9. Re:We're not there yet... by chrb · · Score: 3, Informative

      I'm just not convinced that 1) humans are making a measurable effect on the climate

      You can believe whatever you want, but at least admit that your approach is completely unscientific. Here's how science works:

      • 1. Observe some data.
      • 2. Note error between existing accepted model and observed data.
      • 3. Propose new model that explains the observed data with lower error.
      • 4. New model becomes accepted.
      • 5. Goto step 1.

        We have a model (increase of CO2) that explains the observed temperature increase and is accepted by the vast majority of climatologists and scientists in general. If you want to propose a new model that discounts CO2 levels as driving the observed temperature increase, then you have to explain not only where the temperature increase is coming from, but also your model needs to fit the observed data better than the existing one. You also have to explain why the observed increase in CO2 - a known greenhouse gas - isn't causing the expected increase in temperature that it should be causing. Waving your hands in the air and saying "I just don't believe it" is not an option.

        As for your other points, they have been refuted many times over:

    10. Re:We're not there yet... by BasilBrush · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Few "academics" are on the payroll of oil companies.

      Any academic in an even slightly related field that is prepared to speak, research or publish material that denies AGW can be on the payroll of Big Oil. They are more than happy to pay for it. There aren't many that do so because most scientists aren't charlatans. Most scientists are actually interested in the truth.

    11. Re:We're not there yet... by ETEQ · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The guy who is primarily responsible for the spread of claims of weather extremes [colorado.edu] has been caught in his lies.

      There isn't just "one guy" who says this. There have been hundreds of papers showing links between weather extremes and global warming. To be fair, weather extremes aren't always bad either... if the "extreme" is that a major rainstorm passes over Texas right now, that's better. The problem is that (as was stated above), we've built most of our society around assuming the climate that existed before global warming. If this changes drastically, a lot of people are going to die before we settle back into whatever the new normal is climate-wise. It's not that global warming is bad per se, just that it's bad if it occurs too quickly for humanity and the ecosystem to respond.
       
        Oh, and then there's the fact that increased CO2 is turning the oceans acidic. That gets much less news, but is potentially much more destructive from a world-wide perspective. And there's no possible way you can say that isn't associated with CO2 levels in the atmosphere. And all you have to be able to do to know that's anthropogenic is how to count.

    12. Re:We're not there yet... by the+gnat · · Score: 3

      There aren't many that do so because most scientists aren't charlatans. Most scientists are actually interested in the truth.

      It's actually kind of depressing how these arguments unfold. One of the hallmarks of pseudoscience is the chorus of claims that mainstream academics (and funding agencies) are biased against whatever theory is being pushed. The fact that nearly the entire scientific community rejects these theories is taken to be self-evident proof of groupthink, a conspiracy of silence*, or pure profiteering. In some fields, many of the loudest complaints come from people who've never actually done much research themselves, probably because actual science is far too demoralizing for someone who relies on faith to guide their beliefs. Very few creationists have ever worked in a biology lab, for instance - but they weasel out of this by claiming that of course the entire community is biased against them anyway, so what's the point?

      (* The creationists are big fans of this; it is very common to see creationist blogs etc. hinting about tenured biology professors who know the truth, but are afraid to publish their evidence - or reveal their names, naturally - for fear that Richard Dawkins will have them rubbed out, or something equally dire. And I'm certain that in 50 years, we'll be hearing the same goddamn thing.)

  3. Critics have questioned the 100 year period. by Layzej · · Score: 3, Informative

    Critics of the first paper have questioned why a 100 year period was used and implied that this is cherry picking. These critics are ignoring the fact that the paper examined 100 years, 100 years excluding the last (very hot) year, and also the entire record since 1880 - each time coming to the same result http://thingsbreak.wordpress.com/2011/10/25/roger-pielke-jr-just-cant-help-himself/

  4. What I can't understand... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    is how the Earth's temperature has remained essentially static (with a slight downward trend) for the last 12 years. That's from figures that everyone agrees.

    If the temperature is static/slightly decreasing while the CO2 levels keep rising, then the CO2 hypothesis CAN'T be right. You can do clever stats as much as you like - the fact remains that the theory and model predictions say that the temperature should be increasing rapidly - and it just isn't. That really is the elephant in the room...

    1. Re:What I can't understand... by Layzej · · Score: 5, Insightful

      What I can't understand is how the Earth's temperature has remained essentially static (with a slight downward trend) for the last 12 years.

      Because they haven't. Here are all the major temperature reconstructions. All agree that the last 12 years showed warming. http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/gistemp/offset:-0.074/mean:12/from:1999/plot/hadcrut3vgl/mean:12/from:1999/plot/uah/offset:0.225/mean:12/from:1999/plot/rss/offset:0.14/mean:12/from:1999

      Seriously, how can you imagine that there has been a slight downward trend when 2010 was the hottest year on record?

    2. Re:What I can't understand... by Layzej · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Where is the hockeystick graph for Mars, which has CO2 concentrations far beyond anything achievable on Earth?

      Mars has about 0.0048 of the atmosphere that Earth has (by mass). Most of it is CO2, but there ain't much of it.

  5. Re:It's called "climate change" NOT "global warmin by chrisale · · Score: 5, Interesting

    It's called "climate change" NOT "global warming".

    It's called both. It is anthropogenic (human-caused) emissions of CO2 causing global warming of mean land, sea, and lower atmosphere temperatures which is causing global climate change.

  6. Re:Falsifiable by Layzej · · Score: 3, Informative

    The data is available. Anyone can attempt to replicate the temperature series. As a matter of fact, skeptic Richard Mueller did just that recently with the Berkeley Earth Surface temperature project. He found that warming had actually been under reported by Phil Jones. Being a true skeptic he was persuaded by the facts and now accepts that the rate of warming is very well understood. http://www.forbes.com/sites/petergleick/2011/10/20/breaking-news-the-earth-still-goes-around-the-sun-and-its-still-warming-up/

  7. Re:And? by bunratty · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I see only one explanation for the recent warming -- increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to humans burning fossil fuels. Do you think there's another plausible explanation? I've heard increased solar output, and a change in the flux of cosmic rays, neither of which we seem to have observed. On the other hand, increased temperatures due to excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to burning fossil fuels was predicted over 100 years ago, long before it ever happened. It sounds like the best explanation available to me.

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    What a fool believes, he sees, no wise man has the power to reason away.
  8. I strongly disagree by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If it were true, then I'd have to change my lifestyle and I don't want to, therefore global warming is a scam.

  9. Re:Falsifiable by epine · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I thought the whole idea of the scientific method was that the method was above and beyond whether any individual scientist was right or wrong either by good luck or good management. If Phil Jones puts being right above the rough and tumble of surviving criticism, he's not doing what I recognize as science. My version of science does not limit criticism to authorized lab coats.

    Richard Mueller, doing science, out in the open under scrutiny from all comers, came up with the same answer, and did the entire debate a huge favour. If Jones turns out to be as brilliant as Srinivasa Ramanujan (and as lacking in mainstream convention), I might cut him more slack. Hardy nearly had a coronary demanding proofs from Ramanujan that he couldn't supply in the form Hardy desired. Nevertheless, Ramanujan risked everything to join Hardy in collaboration to bridge the divide.

    What was Jones' excuse? He's hardly the first scientist faced with the prospect that nearly 100% of his peers (to say nothing of the gadfly rabble) are mainly motivated by the finding of fault. He should have a brief conversation with Daniel Shechtman about the reality of his chosen profession.

  10. (!A)GW by blackfrancis75 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Why are people commenting on this story as though it made a case for Anthropogenic (human-caused) Global Warming?
    It doesn't.

    1. Re:(!A)GW by Trailer+Trash · · Score: 3, Funny

      Is your anti-ninja rock for sale, per chance?

  11. Re:Falsifiable by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 4, Informative

    What was NOT said by the Mueller report, but is true nevertheless: Mueller simply confirmed the historical temperature record. His study had absolutely nothing to do with any difference between natural causes and man-made causes, nor (unlike the Jones, Mann et al.) does it pretend to make any predictions about future trends.

    So in fact, the Mueller report is not even remotely evidence of, or confirmation for, AGW.

  12. Get your head out of the propaganda trough by Benfea · · Score: 5, Interesting

    According to a survey, 90% of scientists from the relevant fields and 90% of all scientists ascribe to anthropogenic climate change. That is what we call a "scientific consensus", and you don't get a consensus that strong without an awful lot of data to back it up. I know, I know, the good pro-science guys at FOX News and on the Rush Limbaugh show and from the rightist think tanks keep saying this is "bad science", but let's take a look at the "science" the rightists use to make their arguments, shall we?

    The most prominent, most cited, and most published climate change skeptic scientist is one Ross McKitrick, who is either an amazingly sloppy scientist, or someone deliberately engaging in fraud in order to promote a purely ideological view. I'll let you read for yourself: http://crookedtimber.org/2004/08/25/mckitrick-mucks-it-up/.

    This guy who either literally doesn't know a degree from a radian or is deliberately doing bad science in order to deceive people is the best of the bunch. The others are even worse. It is on the basis of work by men of this caliber that you conclude that 90% of the scientists on the planet, representing people from every conceivable walk of life, economic status, nationality, set of political views, etc. is part of a vast international conspiracy to... what? Make American rightists feel bad? I was never entirely clear on what this vast, incomprehensibly complex conspiracy is actually supposed to do.

  13. Re:of course they are. by riverat1 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If you increase the concentration of CO2 in a mixture of gases like the atmosphere with infrared radiation passing through it it will warm up by capturing more of that IR. That's simple physics. Human burning of fossil fuels has put more than twice as much CO2 into the atmosphere as it takes to raise the level from 280 ppmv in 1830 to 390 ppmv in 2011. You're going to need some pretty extraordinary evidence to show the increase in CO2 is not the primary cause of global warming and humans are not the primary cause of the increase in CO2. Good luck with that.