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Photographing Police: Deletion Is Not Forever

Geoffrey.landis writes "The courts have now ruled that the public has the right to videotape the police in the performance of their duties. Of course, that doesn't stop the police from harassing people who do so — even journalists, who sometimes have their cameras confiscated. As it turns out, though, they're not always very knowledgeable about how deletion works. I would say that erasing, or attempting to erase, a video of police arresting somebody illegally (How can a journalist be charged with 'resisting arrest' when he was not being arrested for anything other than resisting arrest?) is a clear case of destruction of evidence by the officers. Destroying evidence is obstruction of justice. That's illegal. Why haven't these police officers been arrested?"

34 of 482 comments (clear)

  1. Privelege by scarboni888 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If you can't be above the law then why be a cop?

    1. Re:Privelege by CSMoran · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why haven't these police officers been arrested?

      Arrested by who? Their peers who do not want to be videotaped either?

      By metacops, naturally.

      --
      Every end has half a stick.
    2. Re:Privelege by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Why not fully comply with a Cop, format the card, take it home and run Photorec? ( http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRecPhotorec)
      Undeleting isn't a crime :)

    3. Re:Privelege by TheCRAIGGERS · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why haven't these police officers been arrested?

      Arrested by who? Their peers who do not want to be videotaped either?

      By metacops, naturally.

      But who metas the metacops?

    4. Re:Privelege by INeededALogin · · Score: 5, Funny

      My wife was stopped for blowing a stop sign.

      I would stop her to. That is a weird fetish.

    5. Re:Privelege by CanHasDIY · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Why haven't these police officers been arrested?

      Arrested by who? Their peers who do not want to be videotaped either?

      Internal Affairs...

      Thank goodness Internal Affairs is a completely independent and unbiased organization then, eh comrade?

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    6. Re:Privelege by rvw · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why haven't these police officers been arrested?

      Arrested by who? Their peers who do not want to be videotaped either?

      By metacops, naturally.

      But who metas the metacops?

      Robocop metas the metacops of course. He obeys the directives of the robots.txt, by following the metatags.

    7. Re:Privelege by JStyle · · Score: 5, Funny

      Why haven't these police officers been arrested?

      Arrested by who? Their peers who do not want to be videotaped either?

      By metacops, naturally.

      But who metas the metacops?

      It's metacops, all the way down.

    8. Re:Privelege by SuperTechnoNerd · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I had a similar experience. The Chief of Police comes in to our computer shop in a panic. Their file server was down. I said I will follow you to the station, but he said he got a faster way - get in my car. I got my stuff since it sounded like a power supply issue, I brought a new supply.and into his police cruiser we went at 80+ mph down winding country roads (he did actually use his lights and siren - for a server failure) I must admit it was loads of fun.. I replaced a bum power supply and again he took me back to the shop sirens screaming lights flashing.. It was a toot!

    9. Re:Privelege by lexsird · · Score: 5, Funny

      The Department of Redundancy Depart is filing a injunction against this thread, they are also talking to a judge about it as well.

      I meta cop once, he gave me a ticket.

      --
      Take the Red Pill.
  2. Two separate things here by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    he wasn't arrested for filming the police, he was arrested for disobeying a dispersal order.

    I'm not saying whether that's right or wrong, and I am aware he is a member of the press (though with some claiming that ANYONE can be a member of the "press").

    However, it's also possible for police to issue a lawful order to disperse that, if not obeyed, could result in arrest — alongside a charge of resisting arrest.

    The individual was being arrested for failure to obey a dispersal order, which was exactly what the officer said, not for "resisting arrest".

    Further, it's the submitter's OPINION that this person was being arrested "illegally". That's something the courts will now decide. The troubling part is that the video would probably be the key evidence in such a case, I agree.

    Of course, it's pretty clear that he disobeyed a direct (and likely lawful) order to disperse, and whatever happens after that I sort of lose interest in. :-/

    1. Re:Two separate things here by Feyshtey · · Score: 5, Insightful

      So basically you're saying that as long as the police tell everyone to stop being witness to their criminal and unlawful acts, they are within their legal rights to detain those witnesses and destroy any evidence they may have collected.

      --
      "But we have to pass the bill so that you can find out what is in it,..." - Nancy Pelosi
    2. Re:Two separate things here by daveschroeder · · Score: 5, Insightful

      No, what I'm saying is that it is possible for police to issue a lawful dispersal order to a group or area (not passing judgement on whether or not this one was, since I don't have all of the information), and you're not exempt because you happen to have a camera in your hand.

    3. Re:Two separate things here by Old+time+hacker · · Score: 5, Informative

      The good news is that, in a court, if one party destroys evidence, the court is required to assume that the evidence is favorable to the other party. I.e. if the cops destroy a video, then the court assumes that it would be in favor of the defendant.

    4. Re:Two separate things here by Feyshtey · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And I'm saying I disagree.

      A dispersal order is supposed to be used by officers to difuse a potentially dangerous situation, or an unlawful or unsafe gathering (on private property, or blocking safety exits, for instance). If a cop is telling you that you have to leave only because he doesnt want you to witness his activities then he is wrongfully applying his authority and you are within your rights to decline his order.

      If you start down the path of conceeding that you have to do what a cop says just because he said so, you have forfeited your freedoms gauranteed by our Constitution. And you're not likely to get them back.

      --
      "But we have to pass the bill so that you can find out what is in it,..." - Nancy Pelosi
    5. Re:Two separate things here by daveschroeder · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The laws for when and under what circumstances police may issue a dispersal order vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. They can indeed be lawfully used for mass public gatherings, on public or private property, even in cases where no imminent danger exists. In the case of some of the Occupy camps, municipalities justified removal on the grounds of the camps being a "public nuisance", or a public health hazard.

      Clearly some disagree with these judgments, but once that judgment is made by a duly elected or appointed authority, police may lawfully clear the area. Those who disobey the order would be subject to arrest, and it's not the job of the police to discern whether someone may or may nor be press, affiliated with the camp, an innocent observer, etc. If someone is refusing to obey the dispersal order, they'll be arrested.

      It's that simple. Again, this isn't a value judgment — just the facts.

      Also, following the directions of law enforcement officers is required in many states and jurisdictions, and this isn't a new or recent construct. There are varying degrees, some of which include provisions for presenting identification and similar. It's your opinion, like the submitter's, that this is somehow "illegal". The rule of law doesn't work when individuals get to decide what applies to them on a whim.

    6. Re:Two separate things here by Feyshtey · · Score: 5, Insightful

      In the case of some of the Occupy camps, municipalities justified removal on the grounds of the camps being a "public nuisance", or a public health hazard.

      Safety. I mentioned that.

      Also, following the directions of law enforcement officers is required in many states and jurisdictions, and this isn't a new or recent construct. There are varying degrees, some of which include provisions for presenting identification and similar. It's your opinion, like the submitter's, that this is somehow "illegal". The rule of law doesn't work when individuals get to decide what applies to them on a whim.

      So by your reasoning an officer can show up at your home right now, and tell you to let him in. According to you, you must comply.

      This is wholly false. You are protected by law. You have rights. You may legally and rightfully refuse this order from an officer when it voiliates those rights. That officer MUST provide a warrant issued by a court, or have probable cause to enter your home. Period. End of discussion.

      Your stance is based on the fact that most people are ignorant, or complacent, or fearful, and do enforce their rights when challenged. The rule of law doesnt work when those enforcing it are above it.

      --
      "But we have to pass the bill so that you can find out what is in it,..." - Nancy Pelosi
    7. Re:Two separate things here by daveschroeder · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Yes, but the example you gave is clear-cut: other than in exigent circumstances, one does not have to allow law enforcement personnel onto/into private property without a proper warrant from a court of competent jurisdiction.

      The situation here of clearing an Occupy camp and issuing a dispersal order is anything but clear-cut. Assuming for a moment that it's possible this dispersal order was lawful, at least as far as it goes, why would you claim that they can't compel this person to clear the area as well? How, specifically, was the arrest inappropriate if this was a lawful order to disperse?

      Now, if you're saying the order to disperse wasn't lawful, what's your basis for that, given that nearly all municipalities that have cleared Occupy camps have ensured that they at least have a justification for removal that can withstand some scrutiny? Again, without having sat in on all of the council meetings that resulted in this order, I can't comment for certain.

      My stance is in no way based on the fact that people are any of those things you claim. But you don't get to decide on your own that something doesn't apply to you. This was not about a legal or constitutional violation (UNLESS the dispersal order was unlawful). There was what was very likely a LAWFUL order to disperse issued by appropriate authority, and this guy chose to say, essentially, "I'm not doing anything wrong," and refused to disperse instead of obeying the order. Well, 99% of the people in the camp probably weren't "doing anything wrong" at that very moment, either, other than being there. If I walked in just to "observe" the camp and refused to leave when directed by a police officer, I can guarantee you I would be arrested on the spot, no matter what I said.

      Now we're getting to places where someone might say, hey, the "law" is made by those in "power", and these Occupy camps are just people trying to "take back" their power, so someone needs to stand up and fight the system, document the struggle, etc., etc., etc. Okay, fine. But if you're going to actively oppose civil society and the system of laws that are in place, regardless of from where they stem, expect that there will be consequences to those actions.

    8. Re:Two separate things here by Chibi+Merrow · · Score: 5, Interesting

      And if you actually research it further, you'll find that the only charges he is actually facing is "Resisting arrest". He wasn't cited for failure to disperse.

      Funnily enough, he was actually asking the police if he could go to his car when one of the commanders started shouting "Arrestee! Arrestee!" and had him arrested. So apparently asking police to allow you to leave an area they have ordered you to leave is "disobeying a lawful order to disperse"... Much like being tackled from behind is "Assaulting a police officer" and lying unconscious on the ground due to a diabetic coma while cops kick you is "Resisting arrest."

      --
      Maxim: People cannot follow directions.
      Increases in truth directly with the length of time spent explaining them
    9. Re:Two separate things here by Feyshtey · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I believe we're in disagreement mainly because I didn't clarify myself in that I am no limiting my comments to this one case. There are cases in which a cop can lawfully ask people to disperse and those people need to comply. I mentioned that. But I adamantly disagree that just because a cop says you have to disperse it does not inherently mean that he has done so lawfully. Too few people peacefully challenge this because they dont want to deal with the consequences. And as that concession becomes more and more common, it becomes expected by both the citizens and law enforcement. The rights which we rely upon to remain free become effectively void in practice if not in law.

      --
      "But we have to pass the bill so that you can find out what is in it,..." - Nancy Pelosi
    10. Re:Two separate things here by kulervo · · Score: 5, Informative

      What you are talking about is Spoliation (seriously, that's the spelling), and it can be a jury instruction, where the judge tells the jury that they should assume that the contents of the destroyed evidence (tape, image, whatever) showed that the officer was doing whatever it was the photographer says he was doing.

      It could be worked like this hypothetically: I take video of police brutality, some officers come over, rough me up, take my tape, and I yell out: "This is police brutality! I'm going to sue you! That tape is evidence!" If the cop then deletes the images, destroys the tape, etc, then he has committed spoliation. When/if I sue the cop, and depending on jurisdiction, I can either: a. File a motion for sanctions and fines because the cop destroyed the evidence; b. File a motion to have the judge tell the jury that they should assume that the tape showed the judge roughing me up; or c. File an civil complaint on the topic of spoliation alone, and then even if I lose on the battery case, I might still win on the destruction of evidence case.

      Jurisdictions very, don't try this at home, try not to go out into the world with a machine that still uses tape (my hypothetical apparently took place 10 years ago). There is a decent and free law journal article on the topic in Illinois, and we are very much having the video-tape-the-police-discussion here. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1536805#%23

  3. Duh, if you're not a cop you're little people by tekrat · · Score: 5, Insightful

    See Blade Runner.
    The simple reason that police are not arrested for destruction of evidence is that the police enforce the law. And the police cover for each other when they break the law. Therefore the police are above the law.

    I know you like to think you're living in a democratic republic where all are equal under the law, but that's just not the case. And the sooner you learn that, the better off you'll be.

    --
    If telephones are outlawed, then only outlaws will have telephones.
  4. It's quite simple... by Jason+Levine · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If the photographer/journalist committed a crime, then the photos/video shouldn't be deleted as it is evidence.

    If they didn't commit a crime, then the photos/videos shouldn't be deleted since the they were engaging in a legal activity.

    If a police officer (or worse, security guard) orders you to or seizes your camera to delete a photo/video you've taken, they are either destroying evidence, infringing on your civil liberties, or both.

    --
    My sci-fi novel, Ghost Thief, is now available from Amazon.com.
  5. Re:Slouching toward Fascism by ILongForDarkness · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Was america ever worthy of that title? Slavery for the first part of the countries history, women didn't get sufferage until 1919. Blacks were still segregated until the 60's and by then there was the paranoia over the cold war with people getting accused of being a communist (so what if you are?). Perhaps after the wall came down for that 10 years or so people were fine and then 9/11 happened and the US went to a police state. Also when your country has one of the highest incarceration rates you can't really claim to be very free.

  6. Head's hurting by Compaqt · · Score: 5, Funny

    1 "You're under arrest"

    2 "For what?"

    3 "For resisting arrest"

    4 "Arrest on what charge?"

    5 "Resisting arrest." GOTO 1

    ?@#! Calls for an xkcd.

    --
    I'm not a lawyer, but I play one on the Internet. Blog
    1. Re:Head's hurting by spire3661 · · Score: 5, Informative

      Thats why you ask.

      1. Am i being arrested?

      2. Am i free to go?

      --
      Good-bye
  7. Learn your Katrina history by Bayoudegradeable · · Score: 5, Informative

    Remember the Katrina shootings: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/27/mistrial-declared-in-katrina-shooting_n_1239525.html After enough mistrials, the case will likely be quietly dropped as the public forgets. Shit it has been 7 years already.

    Please don't make comments if you don't know what you are talking about! (oh, wait, this is slashdot...) And forget?? Where you live 'people' might forget but here in New Orleans we forget very, very little of Katrina. Officers that did the shooting have been convicted and sentenced. The mistrial you point out is for one officer who was on the cover up side. Dugue was not even involved in the shooting. Please don't spread ignorance. (and don't back-peddle saying it was the cover-up dude getting off. He's not off, there's just been a mistrial)

    --
    Sig Registration Form 34c_766(a) submitted to Ministry of Signature Management. Approval pending.
  8. Re:Slouching toward Fascism by royallthefourth · · Score: 5, Informative

    Also when your country has one of the highest incarceration rates you can't really claim to be very free.

    It's actually the highest. The highest in any place on the planet at any time in history.

  9. Am I the only one? by thesandtiger · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Am I the only one who thinks, in this day and age of easy video & audio recording, that ANY interaction police have with ANYONE for ANY reason (in an official capacity or as "an off duty police officer" responding to something) should be required to be recorded by the police themselves or "it didn't happen"?

    Traffic stops, parking tickets, entering homes - ANYTHING - get it all on video and audio and require that said videos be made available for all parties privy to that.

    Were I in charge of the world, that's one of the first things I would do - require all law enforcement people to wear video and audio recording devices at all times, even inside of their offices etc.

    It should be a no brainer that civilians should be able to record any interaction they have with police, of course. I can't think of a single reason why it shouldn't be.

    --
    Since I can't tell them apart, I treat all ACs as the same person.
  10. Power and Responsibility by VernonNemitz · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A key fact is that the Police are Public Servants. Their salaries are paid by the Public. So, if the Public wants to record the activities of the Police, a very simple reason why is, "to ensure that they are actually Serving the Public". It is quite logical that if it can be proved that certain members of the Police are actually only serving themselves (thereby misusing their Power and Responsibility), they should be fired.

    One could argue that all Congresscritters should always be on-camera, a separate video channel for each. Then we will see how many of those "Public Servants" are actually doing their jobs, Serving the Public, instead of working for their own selfish interests.

    1. Re:Power and Responsibility by forkfail · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Perhaps more importantly: the police aren't military. Though, they are becoming more and more so in approach, there is an important distinction that seems to be getting lost.

      Especially with HLS trying to fill in the role of a national police force.

      --
      Check your premises.
    2. Re:Power and Responsibility by kermidge · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "A key fact is that the Police are Public Servants. Their salaries are paid by the Public."

      Yes. Yes they are. So were the Gestapo and the Stasi.

      Good luck to us all.

    3. Re:Power and Responsibility by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      A key fact is that the Police are Public Servants.

      Not trying to troll, but while this -should- be the case and this was how the system is/was envisioned, the data speaks otherwise. As illustrated in this story, a very large percentage of the time police will violate your rights when you (legally) record them on video.

      They should be, but in practice what they are NOT, is "Public Servants"- They are "Authority".

      When police break the law, the number of instances where officers have to take responsibility for their actions are exceedingly few. Only when they break faith with their department (fraud, embezzlement, etc.), are they sometimes dealt with more harshly.

      A cop here in Houston causes a wreck while drunk driving, he's suspended with pay and demoted... That's IT. A cop in Deer Park is caught (on video) regularly stealing substantial amounts of stuff from a refrigerator and is suspended without pay for 30 days- not even fired. A cop in San Francisco shoots a guy (in the back), and kills him while he's laying face-down and handcuffed, and he gets a relative slap on the wrist....AND he wouldn't have gotten THAT if the police had managed to round up all the phone videos of the incident, as they tried to. You or I would spend the rest of our lives in prison had either of us done that.

      Most police are "Authority"- If you're lucky, they may provide help when you're in a bad situation, but they work for and report to those who write their paychecks, not us (yes, yes, I know that the "taxpayers" are the source of those paychecks, but our "leaders" decide to whom and how much to pay...not us). Police report to those people and otherwise do more or less as they please with few consequences, barring a Federal civil rights investigation now and then. They do not "serve" the public.

  11. Re: Judges ruling by Jappus · · Score: 5, Informative

    In which case a judge would not be able to declare a constitutional amendment unconstitutional, but this has happened.

    But, and get this, only if it violates other parts of the constitution.

    As far as I understand it -- and I am neither a lawyer nor a US-American -- amendments to the US constitution can only be made ineffective by the Supreme Court declaring them unconstitutional (i.e. it violating either a prior or a later, other amendment), but only repealed by the legislative branch (Senate/House of Repr.) by introducing a new amendment; which has happened with the 18th amendment (prohibition) that was repealed by the 21st after the Supreme Court ruled it violated the 4th and 5th amendment.

    To put it in CompSci terms: The judicative (courts) only did a sanity check on the input, whereas the legislative (parliament) took measures to actually clean up the input. So the former only prevented bad input from producing bad output, which caused the former to make sure that that brand of bad input is not possible at all anymore.

    You could say that in these cases, the courts can only negate or affirm, but not ask a new question. They might state their opinion that a new question should be asked, but can't ask it themselves.