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GPL, Copyleft On the Rise

paxcoder writes "Contrary to earlier analyses that predicted a decline of copyleft software share to as little as 50% this year, John Sullivan, the executive director of the Free Software Foundation, claims the opposite has happened: In his talk at FOSDEM 2012 titled 'Is Copyleft Being Framed?,' Sullivan presented evidence (PDF) of a consistent increase of usage of copyleft licenses in relation to the usage of permissive licenses in free software projects over the past few years. Using publicly available package information provided by the Debian project, his study showed that the number of packages using the GPL family in that distribution this year reached a share of 93% of all packages with (L)GPLv3 usage rising 400% between the last two Debian versions."

14 of 277 comments (clear)

  1. Cherrypicking sources by Barbara,+not+Barbie · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The earlier study looked at a much broader base of projects, not just cherry-picking by limiting itself to packages in a distro.

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    1. Re:Cherrypicking sources by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      "The earlier study looked at a much broader base of projects, not just cherry-picking by limiting itself to packages in a distro."

      Good point. The update in the On the continuing decline of the GPL article also mentions this: "UPDATE – It is has been rightfully noted that this decline relates to the proportion of all open source software, while the number of projects using the GPL family has increased in real terms. Using Black Duck’s figures we can calculate that in fact the number of projects using the GPL family of licenses grew 15% between June 2009 and December 2011, from 105,822 to 121,928. However, in the same time period the total number of open source projects grew 31% in real terms, while the number of projects using permissive licenses grew 117%. – UPDATE"

    2. Re:Cherrypicking sources by KiloByte · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Or rather, it's cherry-picking by quality. Any useful project that is not fundamentally restricted to Mac or Windows will most likely be ported by someone, and packaged for Debian. Fart apps, not so much.

      It's also interesting how fast non-GPL licenses decline. We're talking about falling by a factor of 4.2 in less than seven years.

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    3. Re:Cherrypicking sources by rtfa-troll · · Score: 5, Informative

      And doesn't Debian actually actively work for make sure the packages it distributes are GPL?

      Not at all. They just tend to make selections of the projects which actually work rather than the hundreds of projects that never go anywhere. The Debian Free Software Guidelines mean that main distribution software has to be free, but basically anyone who has motivation and acceptable software can get their package in.

      Simply put, if a package isn't in Debian then it mostly very specialised, quite new or isn't worth touching. If there are several Debian packages and you don't know which to go for, then go for the one which is in Red Hat since that will be the most professionally maintained package.

      The first survey may have been representative of packages which people start developing, but this is more representative of packages which are actually useful.

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  2. Makes sense by DaleGlass · · Score: 4, Interesting

    IMO, if you're writing or releasing software, the GPL is preferrable. You benefit from patches, even being able to take those people don't intentionally contribute. You keep your code unusuable to those competitors who follow a closed management model. You also get to use it as advertisement if you're willing to offer an alternate license for money.

    If you're looking to use somebody else's software though, of course the BSD is best. But the thing is that once you spent a few months working on code, a BSD license can be a bit of a hard sell for anything important, because you have nothing of the above. I think for most people some degree of attachment and desire of control develops after spending a lot of time on something.

    1. Re:Makes sense by oiron · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The way I'd do it is, GPL for applications, BSD/MIT/LGPL for libraries, depending on the level of participation, the commercial and legal aspects, etc. And all university research should always be permissive, so that it can be incorporated into either GPLed, proprietary or whatever else.

      Isn't it easy enough to see that all the licenses solve different problems? Some are good to bring a piece of research out into the open, and some are great for protecting freedoms... No point mixing the use cases...

    2. Re:Makes sense by rtfa-troll · · Score: 5, Informative

      it restricts you from editing the source code, because you become liable to all sorts of legal responsibilities if you do so.''''

      No it doesn't. You can edit privately and use the software internally in your company and never even have to touch the terms of the GPL. On the other hand, if you never edit the software, but you distribute the software then you normally need to follow the terms of the GPL even if you have never edited it.

      Interestingly enough, some of the largest IT companies, like IBM, Oracle, RedHat, Ubuntu and even Microsoft disagree with you and happily work with and distribute GPL software.

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  3. The sad part. by philip.paradis · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I've seen so many developers just slap the GPL on their code because it's perceived as the "default" choice. When asked why they chose to use the GPL, they can't even explain its basic provisions. When told how it works, many of those same developers will say "oh, that's not really my intent." Sadly, because of the original "default" perception, a ton of code gets licensed this way.

    I aggressively support the right to license something any way creators see fit, and happen to license my most of my stuff under the BSD and Artistic licenses. That said, people really need to understand what different licenses provide before they run off using them. When in any doubt whatsoever regarding any of it, it wouldn't be a terrible idea to pay for an hour of a lawyer's time (if possible).

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    1. Re:The sad part. by Kjella · · Score: 4, Interesting

      On that note, the GPL is probably the "safer" choice. Releasing GPL code as BSD is simple, oh now you can use the code in proprietary code too. Going from BSD to GPL is trying to put the cat back in the bag, often leading to a fork and drama from those who no longer can/want to use it. If the developer is clueless it's less harmful that people can't use the code the way he intended than that people can use the code in ways he didn't intend. "Oh you want the code under the BSD, here you go" is a lot easier to fix than "OMG WTF you mean Apple and Microsoft can just take my code for nothing now? That's not what I wanted!"

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    2. Re:The sad part. by maxwell+demon · · Score: 5, Insightful

      The only freedom the GPL restricts is your freedom to restrict the freedom of others.

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  4. I think the FSF might be a bit biased by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I think the FSF might be a bit biased. Don't you.

  5. Applications vs. Core Libraries and Services by msobkow · · Score: 4, Insightful

    While non-copyleft licenses like the Mozilla, Apache, and LGPLv3 are quite popular for core services and libraries, most applications I've used over the years were copyleft/GPL type licenses.

    If you're building a core service, you want it used by as many people and projects as possible. But if you're developing a tool, utility, or application, often your concern is more to prevent any one company or individual from seizing that work and selling it as their own product.

    Personally I use both LGPLv3 and GPLv3 licenses as a result, because the goals of the different software components are not the same.

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  6. Re:Pro-GPL study from authors of GPL ... by rtfa-troll · · Score: 5, Insightful

    You left out the part where the pro-GPL study comes from the authors and advocates of the GPL.

    Thanks for the hint (its astounding the way that accusations from shills so often point you in the direction of what they themselves are doing). You left out the fact that the original data came from a Microsoft partner involved in Codeplex. Immediately I saw your post I thought to search for that.

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  7. Re:Perhaps, but... by Microlith · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Ooh look, a liar.

    The GPL poisons commercial code -- intentionally -- and that keeps GPL'd software from ever bringing mainstream software developers into the fold.

    Good way to completely incorrectly representing how the GPL works.

    This is why the "year of the linux desktop" never comes. Those big packages everyone wants, from Photoshop to Office etc., the companies that create them simply can't afford to mix in with that kind of licensing.

    Bullshit, plain and simple. There are LOTS of non-GPL packages, proprietary packages even, that run on Linux.

    Ok, I know, here comes the mod-bombing, lol. :)

    And for so blatantly lying and deliberately misrepresenting the GPL you deserve it.