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DARPA Pays $3.5 Million For New TechShops and Secret Reconfigurable Factories

pacopico writes "Businessweek reports that DARPA will pay for the creation of two new TechShops in Washington D.C. and Pittsburgh. The $3.5 million deal includes 2,000 TechShop memberships for military veterans and will have DARPA employees performing top secret work at night. 'The project is called iFab. For a month, a given factory might use dozens of machines to make parts for helicopters. Then you reboot the software controlling the machines, and out come the parts for the drive train system in a tank. The Darpa workers at TechShop will try to figure out which tools and methods can be used to rewire factories in this fashion.' Maker mayhem."

27 of 116 comments (clear)

  1. Hmmm by Hognoxious · · Score: 2

    Is this a hedge in case China decides to stop making shit for the US? Or plain ol' pork?

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    1. Re:Hmmm by MozeeToby · · Score: 3, Informative

      Yeah, after all, the US only exports $1.5 trillion dollars worth of good every year. Just the second largest exporter in the world (second to China, despite having less than 1/3 the population). Yeah, the US doesn't make anything these days.

    2. Re:Hmmm by Baloroth · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It's DARPA, so neither really. Just them doing things to see if they can, which is 99% of what DARPA does. Also encouraging innovation and experimentation... which again, is what DARPA is all about.

      --
      "None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license." --John Milton
    3. Re:Hmmm by SirGarlon · · Score: 4, Informative

      No, it's applied research to advance the state of manufacturing. It looks like a natural step in the movement toward just-in-time manufacturing and supply-chain efficiency, probably aimed at replacement parts rather than whole vehicles and equipment. They apparently want the ability to retool factories for military production much as was done in WWII, only faster and more selectively hopefully on a much smaller scale. So instead of shutting down car production to make tanks, industry will be able to make tanks on one shift and keep making cars for the other two (for example).

      --
      [Sir Garlon] is the marvellest knight that is now living, for he destroyeth many good knights, for he goeth invisible.
    4. Re:Hmmm by jamstar7 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Is this a hedge in case China decides to stop making shit for the US? Or plain ol' pork?

      Probably B disguised as A

      I'm thinking, probably Plan A disguised as Plan B. DARPA people are pretty damned clever. They know how to play that favorite of all gameshows on the Hill, 'The Appropriations Game'.

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    5. Re:Hmmm by couchslug · · Score: 2

      Once you level the playing field with automation, the hordes of cheap Chinese labor are less of an advantage.

      The ideal would be reconfigurable, lights-out manufacturing.

      The Chinese couldn't compete because of shipping costs.

      --
      "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
    6. Re:Hmmm by spire3661 · · Score: 2

      They build things by hand because the electronics industry moves too fast to set up automated production lines. This research aims to end that.

      --
      Good-bye
    7. Re:Hmmm by icebike · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Yes, but there are a ton of things that many factories can be re-tooled to make in a hurry.
      The amount of military gear rapidly farmed out to general industry in world war 2 is amazing.
      Even Singer Sewing Machines company produced Norton Bomb sights and rifle parts.

      Just about any big steel fabrication plant can produce trucks, and light armored vehicles,
      and any electronics fab can be cut over to producing battle field electronics, and aircraft
      avionics.

      There far more to military gear than helicopters and tanks.

      The combat rifles of WWII for US forces were produced by many different companies.

      M-1 CARBINES MANUFACTURED DURING WWII

      Rock-Ola Music Corporation (ROCK-OLA)
      Standard Products (STANDARD PRODUCTS)
      International Business Machines (IBM)
      Quality Hardware (QUALITY HARDWARE)
      National Postal Meter (NATIONAL POSTER METER)
      Saginaw (SAGINAW DIVISION,GENERAL MOTORS)S.G.
      Saginaw (Grand Rapids) S'G'
      Underwood-Elliot-Fisher (UNDERWOOD)
      Winchester (WINCHESTER)
      Inland (INLAND DIVISION, GENERAL MOTORS

      --
      Sig Battery depleted. Reverting to safe mode.
    8. Re:Hmmm by St.Creed · · Score: 2

      Did you know the codename for the research? They're still trying to decide between "Screamer" and "Skynet" :)

      --
      Therefore, by the (faulty) logic you're using, you're just a cow with a keyboard - osu-neko (2604)
    9. Re:Hmmm by couchslug · · Score: 2

      "have you SEEN how things are assembled in china? its mostly by hand."

      Just because they do it by hand now doesn't make that the end-all solution.

      Stihl is producing chainsaw bars within a few percent of ChiCom cost in their US plants.

      As US labor costs drop (BMW in SC already exports Bimmers to China) and we leverage automation, the Chinese edge will be blunted.

      The Chinese will always have the shipping barrier of the Pacific to contend with.

      --
      "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
  2. Better linking... by sortadan · · Score: 4, Informative

    Always link to the printable version in the future please! http://www.businessweek.com/printer/articles/26828-techshop-paradise-for-tinkerers (still have the splash, but then it's one page not 5 or whatever).

  3. Re:Gearing up for war??? by MozeeToby · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Factories like this" being quickly reconfigurable to manufacture a variety of products? You don't see any potential commercial uses for that? Do you really not understand the push toward manufacturing on demand?

  4. Top secret work? by Andy+Dodd · · Score: 3, Informative

    Nowhere in the article is any mention that the DARPA employees would be doing TS work.

    Periods processing of the sort required to do TS work at night in a facility used by civilians during the day is basically impossible...

    --
    retrorocket.o not found, launch anyway?
  5. Re:Gearing up for war??? by couchslug · · Score: 3, Insightful

    "The only time you need factories like this is n preparation for a global conflict."

    If there were a prize for "Absurd Asserted Conclusion", your post would win it.

    Foxconn reconfigures by issuing orders to hordes of expensive workers.

    US manufacturing could reconfigure taking advantage of technology, and negate the Chinese labor advantage.

    --
    "This post is an artistic work of fiction and falsehood. Only a fool would take anything posted here as fact."
  6. Re:Gearing up for war??? by Infernal+Device · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The only time you need factories like this is n preparation for a global conflict.

    Is the DoD expecting WWIII?

    That's kind of their job. Expect the worst, hope for the best.

    These are the guys who make contingency plans for just about everything, so on some level, yes, they probably are expecting WWIII.

    --
    "My God...it's full of trolls!"
  7. Adaptable factories? by wiegeabo · · Score: 5, Interesting

    So...a factory that can more quickly and efficiently adapt to changes in demand? That can, instead of needing mass layoffs or closing up shop entirely, reconfigure their processes and retrain employees (increasing their skill sets if they ever need different future employment) to produce different things? Moving suppliers one level closer to being able to swiftly and effectively respond to the economic climate?

    And all this research is only going to cost $3.5 million or so?

    If they can make this work, and can be spread to other US suppliers, that $3.5 million investment will be paid back in no time in economic development. Hell, if it's a significant enough improvement, it could eventually help revitalize the US manufacturing industry by significantly upping our competitive advantage.

  8. Re:Gearing up for war??? by PPH · · Score: 3, Funny

    Foxconn reconfigures by issuing orders to hordes of expensive workers.

    Expensive workers? When did Foxconn leave China?

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  9. Hmmm... by Fishbulb · · Score: 2

    It's more than a bit concerning that the most flexible, agile, and innovative part of the economy is the military.

    Any one else think we need CARPA - the Civilian Advanced Research Project Agency? Preferably one that has nothing to do with the government.

    1. Re:Hmmm... by peragrin · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Darpa was originally called ARPA. Advanced Research Project Agency. The problem is the civilian government kept cutting it's budget because civilians don't' need advance research(see Tea Party and current science trends in America for a scary example)

      The DOD worked with ARPA to fund it by renaming it to DARPA. DARPA got to do all of it's cool stuff only now they advertise to the congress critters as Defense so it doesn't get budget cut.

      --
      i thought once I was found, but it was only a dream.
    2. Re:Hmmm... by khallow · · Score: 2

      The problem is the civilian government kept cutting it's budget because civilians don't' need advance research(see Tea Party and current science trends in America for a scary example)

      The decline in US science predates unhappy people unwilling to pay for it. There are a lot of big "science" projects and fields out there which are fundamentally broken scientifically and economically, such as fusion research and manned space.

      Most of the people advocating continued public funding of science have yet to explain how to reverse the trend of declining scientific value per money spent. Best I've heard is to maintain a balance of small versus large projects, but that's only a part of the problem.

  10. Meh. by PPH · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Sounds like standard CNC capabilities.

    When I was working for Boeing, a decade ago, they were transitioning from fixed jig assembly to laser coordinate measurement driving floor mounted hydraulic positioning equipment.

    The benefits were:
    1) No more huge jigs. Need to adjust a setting? No need to mod the jig, just tweak the s/w.
    2) Eventually, each assembly line could handle any model. Just punch a button and the jacks position themselves to hold any body section.
    3) Everything was modular, floor mounted and relatively compact. Union problems? Just load your production equipment into a couple of shipping containers and move it to a more hospitable environment. Any large building with a flat floor will do.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  11. Re:Gearing up for war??? by spire3661 · · Score: 2

    The human COST is far more then the sum of wages.

    --
    Good-bye
  12. Re:I keep reading but... by mhajicek · · Score: 2

    No, it's more like if you want to make a tank part you load the file, tools, and stock for the tank part. CNC machines are general purpose by nature. I've programmed and run parts for medical, military and aerospace all on the same machines one right after another. To a job shop (machine shop that will take work from anyone) a part is a part no matter what it's for. Would you change operating systems on your computer because you want to visit a different website?

  13. Maybe the projects at TechShop will improve by Animats · · Score: 2

    I have a TechShop membership, and have spent a lot of time there. What goes on there is mostly not all that high-tech. Most of it is hobby artwork. Some people are repairing cars. Others are making furniture. The electronics facilities are basic and little used. Much of the machine shop usage is by pros from companies nearby that need some machining done.

    At times, it's rather pathetic. iPhones and iPads are made in China. Here in Silicon Valley, we have people making bamboo cases for them, and cheap plastic things to hold them on dashboads with suction cups.

  14. Substantial Rework by glorybe · · Score: 2

    Quite a bit of work was done on this back in the mid 1980s. The versatile factory capable of quick redirection came along with the concept of inventory taxes. The notion being that if a factory could convert from making fishing reels to brake assemblies or whatever in a few hours then many product lines could keep going with almost no inventory in storage. It was going fairly well back then but there was an issue with the price of the help needed to keep everything in order back then. That was mostly due to very inadequate computer systems. The machinery involved was also costly but it did work.

  15. machine run-time and up-front costs by WillAdams · · Score: 2

    This does come up against something I've been trying to work out the numbers on:

      - what's the $ per hour figure for running such a machine?
      - how does that balance against the efficiencies of ganging up elements (when possible) for production?

    I've begun making wooden cases for my archery gear, and have the tools to do all the cuts efficiently (save for routing out the stopped dado / groove in the end pieces):

    http://www.3riversarchery.com/images/Contest2010/WilliamAdamsTakeDownCase.jpg

    It doesn't take long to cut a set of dovetails once one is practiced at it (and one can clamp multiple boards together to cut several sets of tails at a time --- pins need to be referenced off the matching tails and cut individually), and drilling some holes in the right place is just a matter of a template/jig which can be flipped over --- if I get an electric router then each stopped groove is a quick pass w/ the router (once I build a jig to place it in).

    Will I be able to make a machine like a Shapeoko pay for itself for straight-forward work like this?

      - how long does it take to mount a piece for cutting?
      - how long does it take the machine to make the cuts?
      - how much clean-up will said cuts require?

    I'd love to have a CNC machine to try out, but am still a bit dis-heartened that Shapeoko's envisioned $300 price point comes to $649 for a full kit at www.inventables.com

    William

    --
    Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow.
    1. Re:machine run-time and up-front costs by PPH · · Score: 2

      I don't know what the cost breakdown is. Industrial Engineering is a discipline unto itself. But here are a few things to consider:

      How many different jig/tooling setups will you need per case? How many parts will you make per setup? The more parts per setup, the better you will be able to spread your setup costs across multiple parts. You should time yourself on a couple of parts runs for this data.

      On the other hand, the bigger the batches you do, the more money you'll have tied up in the material in process. This may not be that much for your cases, but for Boeing its a big deal, what with financing costs. Manufacturing is going to Just In Time processes, where parts don't sit around in warehouses, but are ordered to arrive just as needed. But there is some overhead (and quite a bit of supplier coordination) required to sustain this. And that's a cost as well.

      The other thing to consider is: How many different versions of the same (or similar) products do you build? If they are all the same, tooling flexibility isn't important. In Boeing's case, the (old style) big body alignment jigs (bigger than the airplane sections) pretty much demand a dedicated line for each model. And if the production rate on that model goes down, that line is idled. And that's a lot of real estate. The flexible assembly system allows them to share a line between models. Theoretically, they can slip a few 747s in between a lot of 737s on a flexible line. So as their production rates change, they can use the same floor space for everything.

      I don't know how far they ever got with the mixed production idea. One of the major hold-ups is management territory. Different shop floor managers (and unions) "own" particular positions on the shop floor and its not easy to get the 737 manager to move his people aside aside when a 747 comes along. As usual, the technology is easy. People problems are a bitch. Boeing is well known for not changing things (down to the carpet color in a building) until some old geezer finally retires who was attached to the old way.

      --
      Have gnu, will travel.