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Political Ideology Shapes How People Perceive Temperature

benfrog writes "In what likely isn't that much of a surprise, a study has shown that political ideology shapes how we perceive temperature changes (but not drought/flooding conditions). (An abstract of the study is here. 8,000 individuals were asked about temperatures and drought/flood events in recent years, then their political leanings. Answers regarding drought/flood events tended to follow the actual changes in conditions, while answers regarding temperature tended to follow people's political beliefs."

41 of 193 comments (clear)

  1. The next question is... by SpryGuy · · Score: 5, Interesting

    ...when looked at by political groupings, did any particular political grouping's perceptions of the temperate correlate more closely to reality than the others?

    i.e. was there one or more political ideologies that was more divorced from reality than the others, by any meaningful statistical deviation? Or were they all off, just in different directions based on political ideology?

    --

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    1. Re:The next question is... by Jeremiah+Cornelius · · Score: 5, Funny

      What do you think you're doing! This article is about an inflammatory correlation. If you don't limit your observations, you might be in danger of committing Science!

      --
      "Flyin' in just a sweet place,
      Never been known to fail..."
    2. Re:The next question is... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

      Republicans: "It can never be warm enough, as long as it's profitable."
      Democrats: "It's already way too warm."
      Libertarians: "Don't worry about how warm it is at my house, just worry about your own house."

    3. Re:The next question is... by Baloroth · · Score: 4, Informative

      To quote TFA:

      In fact, the actual trends in temperatures had nothing to do with how people perceived them. If you graphed the predictive power of people's perceptions against the actual temperatures, the resulting line was flat—it showed no trend at all. In the statistical model, the actual weather had little impact on people's perception of recent temperatures. Education continued to have a positive impact on whether they got it right, but its magnitude was dwarfed by the influences of political affiliation and cultural beliefs.

      And those cultural affiliations had about the effect you'd expect. Individualists, who often object to environmental regulations as an infringement on their freedoms, tended to think the temperatures hadn't gone up in their area, regardless of whether they had. Strong egalitarians, in contrast, tended to believe the temperatures had gone up.

      So nope, no matter what your political beliefs, your perception of the temperature is wrong (unless, possibly, you have neutral beliefs, I don't see anything that mentions that).

      --
      "None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license." --John Milton
    4. Re:The next question is... by BStroms · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Skimming the article, it doesn't even seem they considered a very real possibility. That political bias doesn't affect how people perceive temperature, but that people tend to answer polls in a way that reflects well on their personal beliefs even if they know that answer isn't entirely truthful.

    5. Re:The next question is... by jeffmeden · · Score: 3, Interesting

      ...when looked at by political groupings, did any particular political grouping's perceptions of the temperate correlate more closely to reality than the others?

      i.e. was there one or more political ideologies that was more divorced from reality than the others, by any meaningful statistical deviation? Or were they all off, just in different directions based on political ideology?

      They gracefully side-stepped this in the Ars article: "And those cultural affiliations had about the effect you'd expect. Individualists, who often object to environmental regulations as an infringement on their freedoms, tended to think the temperatures hadn't gone up in their area, regardless of whether they had. Strong egalitarians, in contrast, tended to believe the temperatures had gone up."

      Basically, the temperature is what you think it is. If you don't believe in global warming then it isn't getting warmer. If you do believe in global warming then it is getting warmer. The thing is, global warming over the past few years is very real, and only one group acknowledged that. The study did not explore the possibility that global warming believers might think that the temperature is going up even if it isn't..

    6. Re:The next question is... by i+kan+reed · · Score: 2

      Well the fact that they categorized by zip code may indicate an awareness of this. SOME not-insubstantial number of zip codes within the United States had decreasing average temperatures across the last decade, thanks to things like micro climates and the patterns climate shifts actually occur in. It is not unreasonable to presume that people might falsely believe there was a localized temperature increase when there was not. It's not necessary to oversimplify. It would be nice if THE DATA were available and they had GONE INTO DETAIL in the article, but what can you do?

    7. Re:The next question is... by dyingtolive · · Score: 4, Funny

      This would not get upmodded enough if it went to 11.

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    8. Re:The next question is... by Greenspark · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That kind of bias is present in any self-reported survey. The findings should discuss what the population 'reported' and not what they 'believe.' Obviously, the article is also biased in it's title -- declaring that ideology shapes perception. It could also be concluded that perception determines ideology. In one paradigm, your affiliations warp what you perceive, and in another paradigm, you chose to affiliate with those who share your perceptions-- accurate or otherwise. So they need to remember that correlation doesn't imply causality.

    9. Re:The next question is... by slew · · Score: 4, Insightful

      My personal opinion is that this whole exercise isn't much different than asking a person if they thought the price of milk or the price of gas went up more in the last decade (or similar question).

      I'd wager that most people wouldn't have any clue because the random person doesn't pay any attention to these things, so they would guess. That guess would likely not depend at all on any variable except their political beliefs.

    10. Re:The next question is... by IndigoDarkwolf · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The abstract concludes that talking about changes in precipitation are more likely to convince people of climate change.

      Sure it will. Until their favored politicians tell them one way or the other, at which point I'll bet dollars to yuan that the same statistical anomaly appears for perceptions in precipitation change.

    11. Re:The next question is... by PopeRatzo · · Score: 2

      So they need to remember that correlation doesn't imply causality.

      No, it doesn't prove causality. It kind of implies it though, and gives you a very good hint as to which experiments to perform. If you got really sick every time you ate peanuts, your face swelled up and you had trouble breathing - if those symptoms correlated with eating peanuts, you would probably at least try to find out if you actually had a peanut allergy.

      The whole "correlation doesn't prove causality" argument seems to be misunderstood. In fact, it appears that the whole idea of "proof" is misunderstood. It's a 17th century notion that has been pretty much replaced by the idea that you have a model, and your observations either support that model or they don't. As long as observations continue to support that model, it might be useful. At least that's what I've been told by a physicist friend. It kind of surprised me (though I hadn't really thought a lot about it). I guess he could have been joshing me or just wrong. He's got a pretty strange sense of humor, but he's pretty well-respected in his field. But it makes sense.

      If you had a graph of phenomenon A and it matched exactly phenomenon B and the sampling was pretty large, you'd at least want to see if there was some causal relationship.

      What I hear too much of is the idea that correlation is disqualified as a useful data point when trying to determine causality, which I hear a lot, especially in discussions regarding certain hot-button political issues.

      --
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    12. Re:The next question is... by moogaloonie · · Score: 2

      As inflation has been a constant in my lifetime, I'd assume most people expect that the prices of most things will always go up. The relevant question here is whether people's perception of the strength of their money is influenced by how politically content they are at a given time.

    13. Re:The next question is... by Dr+Damage+I · · Score: 2

      Or perhaps that more attention is being paid to dramatic shifts in weather patterns.

      --
      "Cursed is he who rises early in the morning..." Isiah 5:11
    14. Re:The next question is... by Quirkz · · Score: 4, Insightful

      That's not certain groups, that's almost universal. It takes a certain enlightenment to be able to understand people you disagree with or explain their positions without demonizing them. Very few people seem to be able to do that.

    15. Re:The next question is... by Attila+Dimedici · · Score: 2

      You missed his point. The question he proposed was, "Did the price of gas or the price of milk go up more in the last decade?" He believes that few if any people would actually know the answer, so they would answer based on something other than the actual price of either. He is further postulating that the same is true of the temperature, very few people have actually tracked the changes in temperature over time, therefore there answer to questions about changes in temperature are based on their political beliefs, not the actual temperatures.

      --
      The truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted. James Madison
    16. Re:The next question is... by joocemann · · Score: 3, Informative

      People with higher education, especially in sciences, tend to be more left/liberal/democrat/socialist. This is common knowledge.

    17. Re:The next question is... by hajus · · Score: 3, Funny

      When it's the only person that responds, then it is 100% of your data. :)

  2. This doesn't surprise me by dkleinsc · · Score: 5, Informative

    Basic cognitive dissonance modelling has demonstrated repeatedly that when a person encounters incontrovertible facts that contradict deeply held beliefs, the facts are discarded.

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    1. Re:This doesn't surprise me by rrohbeck · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I've noticed recently that many people who have kids don't believe in climate change or Peak Everything.
      Of course, the idea that your kids or grandkids will have a much worse life than yourself is intolerable for many.
      Me, I have no children so I can think freely.

    2. Re:This doesn't surprise me by Hatta · · Score: 3, Interesting

      True, but it's worth pointing out that this effect is larger in conservatives. The more a conservative learns about a topic the stronger his preconcieved beliefs are.

      The result was stunning and alarming. The standard view that knowing more science, or being better at mathematical reasoning, ought to make you more accepting of mainstream climate science simply crashed and burned.

      Instead, here was the result. If you were already part of a cultural group predisposed to distrust climate scienceâ"e.g., a political conservative or âoehierarchical-individualistââ"then more science knowledge and more skill in mathematical reasoning tended to make you even more dismissive.

      Contrast liberals, where learning more about a topic is more likely to change his belief.

      Nuclear power is a classic test case for liberal biasesâ"kind of the flip side of the global warming issueâ"for the following reason. Itâ(TM)s well known that liberals tend to start out distrustful of nuclear energy: Thereâ(TM)s a long history of this on the left. But this impulse puts them at odds with the views of the scientific community on the matter (scientists tend to think nuclear power risks are overblown, especially in light of the dangers of other energy sources, like coal).

      So are liberals âoesmart idiotsâ on nukes? Not in Kahanâ(TM)s study. As members of the âoeegalitarian communitarianâ group in the studyâ"people with more liberal valuesâ"knew more science and math, they did not become more worried, overall, about the risks of nuclear power. Rather, they moved in the opposite direction from where these initial impulses would have taken them. They become less worriedâ"and, I might add, closer to the opinion of the scientific community on the matter.

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  3. Yes, but it's a dry heat. by BMOC · · Score: 2

    except when taxes come due, then I feel a lot of cold water on my plans.

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    I swear they give me mod points to shut me up.
  4. Re:Where's the data? by TheSpoom · · Score: 3, Insightful

    The data is behind a paywall (click the PDF link in the abstract). Welcome to the world of scientific journals.

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  5. Another possibility by Nidi62 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Look at a political map of the US, and what's the first thing that pops out at you? A lot more conservatives live in the southern US. Most of the places where conservatives tend to live are warm, while liberals tend to live in cooler areas. People in areas that are normally cooler would be more likely to notice an increase in temperature than people in areas that are generally warmer. Personally, I'm used to 80%+ humidity and upper 90s-low 100s myself, so this summer has actually seemed pretty mild in comparison to what I'm used to. But that has nothing to do with whether or not I believe in global warming. It has more to do with the kind of weather I am acclimated to.

    --
    The only thing necessary for evil to triumph is for it to be pitted against a slightly greater evil
  6. Conservatives think it's cooler? by Eevee · · Score: 4, Funny

    It seems the other way for me. I'm a rather left-leaning type and I say it's 33 right now, but the conservative in the next cube over keeps saying it's 97.

    1. Re:Conservatives think it's cooler? by rossdee · · Score: 2

      Your cubicle must be nearer the a/c vent.

      33C is only 91F

      But anything over 300K is too hot.

  7. How would I know? by Chemisor · · Score: 2

    It's kind of hard to miss a flood when you live in your parents' basement. It gets damp and the sump pump wakes you up at night. But temperature? I'd have to actually go outside to know what it is. Otherwise, all I have to go on is my belief in global warming.

  8. Re:Belief will make it so. by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 4, Informative

    From what I've read, the global-warming theories call for unpredictable temperature swings - hot and cold - as the planet adjusts, so extreme cold at times is expected...

    --
    It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
  9. Re:Belief will make it so. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    1) Any particular year could just be a fluke. Anyone who claims a hot/cool year is evidence for/against climate change is completely ignorant of basic climate science and/or thinks you are.
    2) "So maybe we're experiencing both global warming and cooling at the same time!" -- That is exactly correct -- the climate is changing. Parts will get hotter, parts will get cooler. The overall trend is up, hence the name "global warming". We're going to lose some arable land but we'll gain some as well. What scares me is sea level rise -- take a look at population density maps over the world to see what I mean.
    3) There is no good faith debate on whether the climate is changing, and practically none on whether it is the result of human activities. But that doesn't mean that every climate scientist with a model knows the future, or that any particular prediction is correct. What we do know for sure is that human activities are having measurable effects on a highly chaotic system on which we depend for the survival of our civilization. I like to keep my experiments in the lab.

  10. Re:Holy jump to correlation bat man by tompaulco · · Score: 2

    Well, the other answer is that people answer subjectively about a subjective question and objectively about an objective question. It is pretty hard to deny that a flood or drought is occurring, but the temperature on average changes so little (about half a degree Celcius in the last 70 years) that it comes down to a matter of opinion.

    --
    If you are not allowed to question your government then the government has answered your question.
  11. Save on energy costs, by changing my ideology? by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 3, Funny

    So can I save on air conditioning, by having a cold political ideology in the summer?

    And save on heating costs, by having hot political ideology in the winter?

    --
    Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
  12. Re:Belief will make it so. by khallow · · Score: 2

    From what I've read, the global-warming theories call for unpredictable temperature swings

    The weather model has unpredictable temperature swings built into it already. It would be disingenuous to claim phenomena which will occur no matter what is somehow dependent on a particular theory.

  13. In other news... by CCarrot · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Chronological Age Shapes How People Perceive Temperature

    "You just don't get the summers we used to get when I was a lad..."

    Financial Circumstances Shape How People Perceive Temperature

    "Almost froze my ass off last winter, didn't have enough newspapers stocked up since everybody's reading the bloody online bloody news these days..."

    and

    Number of Children / Grandchildren / Pets Shape How People Perceive Temperature

    "Well, Susie has her skating class, then Molly has her hockey game, but Andy and Billy were invited to that Winter Festival / tobogganing birthday party at the same time...oh, and could you walk Rover when you get home?"

    Face it, 'perception' of temperature is a pretty worthless measure overall. Stick with the measurements, assign a margin of error (note: not 'corrections') suitable for the technology / location, and go from there.

    --
    "I love animals! Some are cute, others are tasty, what's not to like?" - Betsy Schroeder, Jeopardy contestant
  14. And in related news by rossdee · · Score: 2

    People who work in well air conditioned offices don't feel as hot as those who have to perfotm manual labor outside, or in less well cooled (and dehumidified) environments

    And people who are very wealthy aren't concerned about global warming, they can just build a new summer home firther north.

  15. Re:How does this support my theory by Jeremiah+Cornelius · · Score: 3, Funny

    Yeah. That Heritage Foundation are CRIMINALS for designing such a policy!

    --
    "Flyin' in just a sweet place,
    Never been known to fail..."
  16. Liberals feel warmer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    ... because they are slightly closer to hell.

  17. Oh and just for good measure by WOOFYGOOFY · · Score: 2

    Oh and just for good measure, this:

    http://act.350.org/signup/reckoning/?akid=2086.624457.CWuv92&rd=1&t=2

    Here's the analogy. We're all on a ship in the ocean. Engineering below has alerted the captain that we're definitely headed for an iceberg. The rich people who are partying on the ship don't want the party to stop.

    Since they're the Big Money on board and have the Big Connections , they have outsized say in what the captain decides to do. They shout down the engineers, accusing them of being jealous of the first class passengers.

    The rest of the passengers are worried but unable to get captain to change course.

    After a while, engineering gets more and more agitated and the passengers can see the panic in their faces. The first class passengers become more even recalcitrant and adamant because now it's a matter of pride.

    The rest of the passengers start quietly meeting amongst themselves, talking in low voices, moving about the ship in small groups.

    You guess how this movie finishes.

    OK times up. It finishes with a lot of well heeled people floating lifelessly in the frigid waters as the ship veers safely past the iceberg with the passengers on board, safe and going home to their loved ones.

    No one is going to let deniers crash this ship and kill everyone on board. There comes a time when no one cares what your "rights" are or if SCOTUS has decided that money is speech or even what fucking SCOTUS says. Civilization at its core isn't based on "civil rights" or "free speech" or SCOTUS decisions. We got by without any of that shit for a few, ten thousand years. It's based on survival. Anyone who threatens survival will find themselves outside of the laws of civilization pretty fucking fast.

    The Constitution is not a suicide pact. If you make people fight for their survival, if you're identified as one of the deniers who drove civilization to the brink of extinction you can pretty well plan on dying a pretty fucking barbaric death, possibly involving blow torches and such like medieval -level implements of torture . It's nothing I'd wish on anyone, but moderate, peace loving, live and let live liberal bunny people like me aren't going to be able to hold back revenge seekers very well. Prominent personalities deeply involved with denialism may want to take pause here.

    My colleagues think we should spare you from the full horror of what's going to happen when, say, the food web in the ocean begins to collapse. They think that because they think by building bridges we can eventually bring you along, but if we paint the full picture of what the future will bring to your flesh, you'll fucking tighten up, become defensive and go full off into denialand and "stand your ground" until the bitter end.

    I have another perspective. I think by explicitly laying out for you likely or possible scenarios and what part you'll play in them your brain will start to work in favor of your own survival despite your pansified, airy-fairy post-modernist "you have your experts and I have mine, you have your reality and I have mine" bullshit you learned from cocksucking FoxNews.

    Don't think your money or guns or survivalist skills are going to count for jack fucking shit when the world's intelligence agencies collectively decide that you're a clear and present danger to humanity and bring to the party everything in their labs and the kitchen sink to make sure that your dealt with. That's how this is going to go down in the end because you know what? The Constitution is not a suicide pact.

  18. Not enough data by viperidaenz · · Score: 2

    I would think geographical location during the persons upbringing would have an effect on the perception of temperature. It would also have an effect on political ideology. Correlation != causation. Perhaps temperature perception shapes political ideology.
    Condition of housing may also have an effect. Living in a cold area in an expensive warm house would not be the same as living in a cheap cold house. The difference there is the cost of the house and implies a higher family income.

  19. They missed some obvious logic and are wrong by slashmydots · · Score: 2, Interesting

    They connected the wrong dots. Different political affiliations typically means different age groups which means one has seen more decades of weather which contained other floods and droughts and heat waves so they are less inclined to think there's a change going on.

  20. Re:Belief will make it so. by riverat1 · · Score: 2

    Hmm... Let's see. The average adult male weighs around 70 kg (155 lbs) and has 40 liters of water. If we assume all 7 billion humans have 40 liters of body water (I know, an overestimation) then human bodies collectively have 280 billion liters of water in them. The oceans contain about 1,300,000,000,000 billion liters (1.3 billion km^3). That's something like 9 orders of magnitude difference.

    There is a measurable amount of water stored in reservoirs but it's one of the more minor components of sea level. I'm not sure where we could put enough reservoirs to make a difference.

  21. Re:How does this support my theory by dbIII · · Score: 2

    The way it appears to me is that the insurance companies would have put a vast amount of effort into stopping it dead if there was no bribe in it for them. Hillary took their side. Of course the entire thing under even the most extreme proposals was far less "socialist" than Nixon's suggested plan years earlier.
    Both sides are to the right of Nixon these days and would call Eisenhower an outright communist. Rupublican Judges stay in the role long enough and the shift is happening so quickly that they look like Democrats before they retire.