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MSL Landing Timeline: What To Expect Tonight
An anonymous reader writes "When the Curiosity rover lands on Mars later tonight, it'll be executing a complex series of maneuvers. JPL will be relying on the Mars Odyssey orbiter to relay telemetry back to Earth in time-delayed real-time, and if all goes well, we'll be getting confirmation on the success (or failure) of each entry, descent, and landing phase, outlined in detail here."
Telemetry will be continuously relayed back to earth, true, but with not much less than about a 15 minute latency, owing to the fact that Mars roughly a quarter of a light-hour from earth right now.
That IS indeed real time. Relativity tells us nothing can have an effect here in less time. I don't know if you're trolling or just ignorant, but by your definition you can never look at the stars, galaxies or nebulae in the sky in real time either because they're all at varying distances and we're seeing light that originated anything from about 4 to several million years ago. With telescopes you can go back billions.
Dust. You don't want martian dust stirred up by the rockets covering all of the mechanics once you have landed.
Not many people know this, but the Stonehenge scene in "This is Spinal Tap" was based on something that really happened to Black Sabbath. The band wanted a life-sized replica of Stonehenge for their stage show, just like in the movie. They drew up the plans, but at some point (nobody's sure where) 14 feet became 14 meters... So they wound up with this giant thing that cost way more than they planned, and worst of all, it wouldn't even fit on any of the stages they were playing. After this, and a series of similar mishaps, NASA stopped hiring members of Black Sabbath.
Just noticed a typo in the article -- it's actually PDT, not PST.
NASA has a convenient countdown timer here:
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/msl/index.html
It all has to do with shifting the center of mass. From the official NASA press kit: http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/news/pdfs/MSLLanding.pdf
After the turn to entry, the back shell jettisons two solid tungsten weights, called the “cruise balance mass devices.”
Ejecting these devices, which weigh about 165 pounds (75 kilograms) each, shifts the center of mass of
the spacecraft. During the cruise and approach phases, the center of mass is on the axis of the spacecraft’s
stabilizing spin. Offsetting the center of mass for the period during which the spacecraft experiences dynamic
pressure from interaction with the atmosphere gives the Mars Science Laboratory the ability to generate lift,
essentially allowing it to fly through the atmosphere. The ability to generate lift during entry increases this mission’s
capability to land a heavier robot, compared to previous Mars surface missions.
The spacecraft also manipulates that lift, using a technique called “guided entry,” to steer out unpredictable
variations in the density of the Mars atmosphere, improving the precision of landing on target.
During guided entry, small thrusters on the back shell can adjust the angle and direction of lift, enabling the
spacecraft to control how far downrange it is flying. The spacecraft also performs “S” turns, called bank reversals,
to control how far to the left or right of the target it is flying. These maneuvers allow the spacecraft to
correct position errors that may be caused by atmosphere effects, such as wind, or by spacecraft modeling
errors. These guided entry maneuvers are performed autonomously, controlled by the spacecraft’s computer
in response to information that a gyroscope-containing inertial measurement unit provides about deceleration
and direction, indirect indicators of atmospheric density and winds.
After the spacecraft finishes its guided entry maneuvers, a few seconds before the parachute is deployed, the
back shell jettisons another set of tungsten weights to shift the center of mass back to the axis of symmetry.
This set of six weights, the “entry balance mass devices,” each has a mass of about 55 pounds
(25 kilograms). Shedding them re-balances the spacecraft for the parachute portion of the descent.