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DRM Could Come To 3D Printers

another random user sends this excerpt from TorrentFreak: "Downloading a car – or a pair of sneakers – will be entirely possible, although Ford and Nike won't be particularly happy if people use their designs to do so. A new patent, issued this week by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office and titled 'Manufacturing control system', describes a system whereby 3D printer-like machines (the patent actually covers additive, subtractive, extrusion, melting, solidification, and other types of manufacturing) will have to obtain authorization before they are allowed to print items requested by the user. In a nutshell, a digital fingerprint of 'restricted items' will be held externally and printers will be required to compare the plans of the item they're being asked to print against those in a database. If there's a match, printing will be disallowed or restricted."

27 of 315 comments (clear)

  1. Shouldn't be patentable by Nimey · · Score: 5, Informative

    because it's bloody obvious.

    --
    Hail Eris, full of mischief...

    E pluribus sanguinem
    1. Re:Shouldn't be patentable by Moblaster · · Score: 5, Funny

      That's true. On the other hand, it's virtually impossible to enforce on any practical technical level. Like the quality of a first post.

    2. Re:Shouldn't be patentable by Joce640k · · Score: 5, Interesting

      You can always rotate it and add a few snap-off tabs to fool the DRM.

      You could even make two objects at once, joined by a bit of removable plastic. Let's see how the algorithm copes...

      --
      No sig today...
    3. Re:Shouldn't be patentable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Actually, if it's patented to have DRM on a 3D printer... wouldn't that mean printers wouldn't be able to DRM anything UNLESS they actually paid for rights to use the patent to prevent users from using their product?

      "Your honor, my device does not legally have the right to use the DRM restriction, as it is a patented technology and we do not currently have any licenses to it."

    4. Re:Shouldn't be patentable by v1 · · Score: 4, Informative

      they'll likely add algorithms to compare similarity. Too high of a percentage will trigger a hit. or they will have a specific part of the design require an exact match. More likely though, they will use a combination of these two approaches - a nearly exact match (99.5%) on any of a number of small structures, OR a 95% overall match, trips it.

      It will probably require the design files to be encrypted, and you have to request the key online. The DRM will be the firmware on the fab machine that handles the decrypted data in a protected way, similar to how bluray players and hdmi cables handle the decrypted video. This is not too difficult to implement, and would be somewhat effective, until someone "cracks" your design file and publishes it somewhere. So you could download the design file for free, then use an interface on your fab machine to pay for x copies to be made - it connects to the server specified in the design file, authenticates as a secure fab machine, sends your payment, and downloads a license file with the key and a use counter and stores it. That actually makes a lot of sense.

      (Scenario: the fab file would be similar to bluray, the data is encrypted with a random key like the bluray title key, call it the ItemKey. when the fab machine has authenticated (over SSL) as a secure fabber to the manufacturer, they will send the ItemKey to it. The fab machine then encrypts the ItemKey along with the counter, using its own FabKey and appends it to the fab file. Then it can create a copy of the item when requested. It has access to the ItemKey and can decrement the CopyCounter each time a copy is fabbed. If you pull the hdd/etc out you can't tamper with or access the key or the counter because you don't have the FabKey, which is hidden in the fab machine's firmware. later if you decided you didn't need all 10 copies of the item, you could use the fabber's interface to "return" the 3 copies you didn't use, at 85% of original purchase price)

      So this won't prevent a "warez" market for decrypted design files, and think that was their ultimate goal. Just a matter of hacking the fabber just like they hack the bluray players now. So they're left to flat out asking permission for ANYTHING, encrypted or not. But that's been found impossible on the computer. Imagine having to get online and connect to some central computer to get permission to run that new update to Firefox, or to run the application you just finished compiling. I don't think it would be any more tolerated with a fab machine. So they'll have to be content with just protecting encrypted content. Really, they'd be complete morons to try to trust unencrypted data once it's in someone else's physical control. Client-side-security always loses in the end. The bigger you bet on it, the more spectacular the fail that results.

      --
      I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
    5. Re:Shouldn't be patentable by dyingtolive · · Score: 4, Insightful

      If other DRM schemes are any indication, you'd probably wind up setting off false positives for things you've genuinely created yourself. Gotta err on the side of caution after all.

      --
      Support the EFF and Creative Commons. The war is coming, and they're supporting you...
    6. Re:Shouldn't be patentable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Imagine having to get online and connect to some central computer to get permission to run that new update to Firefox.

      No sane person would ever put up with this.

      Sent from my iPhone.

  2. Or, is someone patenting it by hsmith · · Score: 5, Interesting

    So, no one else can patent it, thus disabling "DRM" authorization?

    I won't hold my breath.

    1. Re:Or, is someone patenting it by mrbene · · Score: 4, Interesting
      It gets implemented one of two ways:
      1. It's a patent to prevent anyone else from implementing DRM in their 3D printers. This may be everyone who makes 3D printers.
      2. It's a patent to generate revenue from everyone who licenses the technology for their 3D printers.

      Either way, the set of 3D printers that do not receive license for this technology wouldn't implement DRM, which would be good for consumers - provided that no legislation goes into effect requiring some form of DRM on 3D printers...

    2. Re:Or, is someone patenting it by Joce640k · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It doesn't really even matter if they somehow manage to get this accepted and into the 3D printers...

      It matters if all 3D printers have to pay some sort of 'tax' to offset the losses of the big companies. Like we do for SD cards, hard disks....etc. (in some countries)

      --
      No sig today...
  3. Added Cost by mhajicek · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This will require significant bandwidth and processing power, especially to stop circumvention by rotating scaling, cutting (for later assembly) or adding or subtracting insignificant features. This bandwidth and processing power will add significant cost, which I see as fortunate in that it will be a competitive disadvantage for DRM enabled printers.

  4. I call the authorisation database entry by Neil_Brown · · Score: 5, Funny

    for rectangles with rounded corners.

  5. Seriously! WTF by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    God, the patent wars are coming to 3d manufacturing. What the heck is the point? I have to check with colgate before I can use my own machine to make myself a custom toothbrush? Is there going to be a DMCA provision for manufacturing at home now? Is it going to be abused like the current process is. I say BULLSHIT!

  6. They Makes Me Laugh by Githaron · · Score: 5, Funny

    How can they believe that they can control this in a world where highly advanced 3D printing is possible at home? People will just print their own 3D printers that do not have these restrictions.

    1. Re:They Makes Me Laugh by mpoulton · · Score: 4, Insightful

      How can they believe that they can control this in a world where highly advanced 3D printing is possible at home? People will just print their own 3D printers that do not have these restrictions.

      I'm sorry, but "highly advanced" home 3d printing is so far from reality that this doesn't seem plausible in our lifetimes. The last 3D printed part I ordered from a commercial manufacturer was an intricate set of inherently interlocked mechanical components laser-sintered out of a cobalt-chromium superalloy. It literally could not be manufactured by any other process. The last 3D printed part I saw produced by a "home" 3D printer (a RepRap) literally looked like a piece of poop - and it wasn't supposed to.

      Commercial 3D printing is just starting to become economically viable for use as a production technology in some specialized applications. But the gap between the commercial implementations and DIY implementations is huge, and not closing very fast. Mechanical technologies develop much more slowly than electronics. In our lifetimes, we have seen unimaginable advances in electronics, but mechanical manufacturing has advanced only incrementally. And this makes sense. The advances in electronics are facilitated by advances in our understanding of the science involved. But we already understand Newtonian mechanics, thermodynamics, statics, strength of materials, and all the other disciplines involved in mechanical manufacturing. We understand the science very well, and have for over a century. Thus, the improvements in this field come more slowly and arise more from creativity and synthesis rather than from breakthroughs in human knowledge.

      TL;DR: Moore's law doesn't apply to mechanical manufacturing; the rate of progress in this field is slow and disconnected from the rate of progress in electronics; and "highly advanced 3D printing" won't be possible at home any time in the near future.

      --
      I am a geek attorney, but not your geek attorney unless you've already retained me. This is not legal advice.
  7. Kill 'em while their young by betterunixthanunix · · Score: 5, Interesting

    We can't have disruptive technologies that force us to change how we monetize creativity! Let's make the technologies useless, cumbersome, and expensive, so that later on we can claim they were never really worth what everyone thought!

    Oh, and did I mention how terrible it is that we failed to do it with the automobile:

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_flag_laws

    --
    Palm trees and 8
    1. Re:Kill 'em while their young by afidel · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Wasn't that exactly what the AHRA did, strangle DAT and Minidisc in the cradle.

      --
      There are 4 boxes to use in the defense of liberty: soap, ballot, jury, ammo. Use in that order. Starting now.
    2. Re:Kill 'em while their young by Ogi_UnixNut · · Score: 4, Insightful

      mp3 didn't exist in consumer level hardware when minidisc came out (1992). DRM is what killed minidisc, as due to the DRM, Sony never made a PC "minidisc drive" that could burn audio minidiscs (they were petrified of mass copying). When CD-burners became consumer level hardware, it came to the forefront, and drove mp3 adoption like crazy (as people could now burn their own MP3-CD's). Coupled with ISDN (128kb internet) and the relatively small size of MP3, minidisc was doomed.

  8. Sweet! by Garridan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Looks like the patent protects a technology to implement DRM on printers. So... if you want to implement DRM on your printer, you'll have to pay the owner of this patent licensing fees. Otherwise, no DRM. So, non-DRM printers will be cheaper and more readily available.

    Remember guys, a patent is not a law that things must be done this way! It's the opposite -- if things are done this way, you'll have to pay for it.

  9. RAND standard by betterunixthanunix · · Score: 4, Insightful

    More likely, this company wants to make money on some future standard that will kill 3D printing. You know, a standard that will be required by law for all 3D printers, which will be so loaded with junk like this that only large industrial operations will be able to use 3D printers. Us little people can buy or rent the products of 3D printers, but to own or operate one in your home will be out of the question.

    After all, when we allowed people to have computers in their homes instead of x.25 terminals, look at the disaster that ensued.

    --
    Palm trees and 8
    1. Re:RAND standard by idontgno · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It makes sense if you remember the guild model.

      A sufficiently skilled tinker couldn't make a clock for anyone but himself (and possibly not even that) unless they'd first undertaken an apprenticeship with a master, than a turn as a journeyman clockmaker, and submitted a masterwork to the guild leadership to be allowed their own independent mastership and hallmark.

      This restriction was typically enforced by local (mayoral, or maybe local noble) law enforcement. In other words, you didn't intrude on the functional monopoly of the guild.

      IP consortia are the new guilds. You can't do anything for yourself within their areas of monopoly without running afoul of someone else's patent or copyright. And the guilds have the protection of law, so flouting their monopoly has consequences.

      Remember, the word "guild" is cognate with "gold" for a very good reason.

      --
      Welcome to the Panopticon. Used to be a prison, now it's your home.
  10. Won't work by necro81 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This kind of DRM will be about as effective as the copy protection on DVDs or, perhaps, Blu-Ray. That is to say: not very effective at all. Creating machines or software that bypasses this protection will be available to anyone interested not too long after the protection itself has rolled out.

  11. Re:Science Fiction, Anyone? by Baloroth · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Sci-fi is decidedly not prior art in patents. I can imagine a device for instantaneous teleportation, but that wouldn't invalidate a patent for such a device, since patents (are supposed to) cover actual inventions, not just an idea for something, which is all sci-fi is. So unless your science fiction comes with detailed drawings and working descriptions detailed enough to actually build the device in question (in which case it isn't fiction), it cannot serve as prior art.

    --
    "None can love freedom heartily, but good men; the rest love not freedom, but license." --John Milton
  12. Re:Standards compliance, laws by betterunixthanunix · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Which is why I said that the standard would require printers to be too bloated for small scale or home uses. Who will take the time to create parts for a printer that not only does not implement the standard, but which would threaten the revenue model for those industrial 3D printing shops that actually operate 3D printers?

    This is why, if we are going to have a 3D printing revolution, it needs to happen right now before such a standard can be created. That is one of the reasons PCs were so successful: they become popular before X.25 terminals were rammed down everyone's throats. The people who are threatened by 3D printing know this, and they are going to try to stop the revolution before it starts.

    --
    Palm trees and 8
  13. The easy solution? by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 4, Funny

    On your DRM-enabled 3D printer, 3D-print a DRM-disabled 3D-printer.

    --
    Ezekiel 23:20
  14. Re:Science Fiction, Anyone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Informative

    Charles Hall was denied the waterbed patent in part because of Heinlein's description of the "hydraulic bed" in Stranger In A Strange Land.
    [url] http://www.techrepublic.com/article/geek-trivia-strange-waterbedfellows/6098825 [/url]

  15. Not 3D printers by Hentes · · Score: 4, Interesting

    That this is a patent covering 3D printing is a misunderstanding of the patent by TFA. The patent doesn't talk about 3D printers but manufacturing machinery, defined broad enough to include almost anything from CNC machines to casting. They don't have to wait until 3D printers become commonplace, because this patent covers much more.