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Origin of Neil Armstrong's 'One Small Step' Line Revealed

SchrodingerZ writes "In an upcoming BBC Documentary, Dean Armstrong, the brother of astronaut Neil Armstrong, reveals when the world famous 'one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind' line originated. For years, people have argued over when Armstrong came up with the line, whether it was on the spot or planned years ahead. Also debated is whether Armstrong meant to include 'a' before man, making the indefinite article 'man,' which alludes to mankind, into a singular, 'a man,' himself. According to Dean Armstrong, the quote was shared to him over a board game, months before the mission began. He says, 'We started playing Risk and then he [Neil] slipped me a piece of paper and said "read that." I did. On that piece of paper there was "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." He says "what do you think about that?" I said "fabulous." He said "I thought you might like that, but I wanted you to read it." He then added: "It was 'that is one small step for A man.'"' Armstrong had always insisted that he had said 'a,' that it was lost in communication static. This new story however conflicts with what Neil told James Hansen for his biography, stating he came up with the quote on the lunar surface. More on the historic moon landing and the life of Neil Armstrong in the new documentary Neil Armstrong- First Man on the Moon, on BBC."

41 of 149 comments (clear)

  1. Re:first by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    Hello, Neil.

  2. Doesn't matter by mrsam · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Having watched and heard this moment in history more times than I can remember, playing it over in my mind, I do think there's a slight "hiccup" in the audio, but I'm not sure if it's long enough for a dropped "a".

    But it doesn't really matter. "a" or no "a". It was a moment in history that will never be repeated, or surpassed, ever again. What Buzz Aldrin, Neal Armstrong, and Michael Collins (in alphabetical order) have accomplished stands on its own merits. It is no more and no less of an accomplishment no matter what he actually said, or didn't say.

    1. Re:Doesn't matter by baegucb · · Score: 5, Funny

      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_11_in_popular_culture#Movies_and_television says
      Portions of the Apollo 11 mission are dramatized in the HBO mini-series From the Earth to the Moon episode entitled "Mare Tranquilitatis". In that episode, Michael Collins made the following suggestion as to what Armstrong should say upon stepping onto the lunar surface: "If you had any balls, you'd say 'Oh, my God, what is that thing?' then scream and cut your mic."

      Now that would have been epic :)

    2. Re:Doesn't matter by SternisheFan · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The man has said publicly that he said "a man". That's it. He's a man of honor, and insisting on proof is demeaning. Why does this even have to be argued? Does a man's word mean so little anymore? Move on, people.

    3. Re:Doesn't matter by AmiMoJo · · Score: 2

      It doesn't make much sense without the "a". "Man" and "mankind" mean the same thing in that context, but pointing out that it was only a single step from the base of the lander leg onto the surface that represented a huge moment in human history is quite apt.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    4. Re:Doesn't matter by skine · · Score: 5, Interesting

      It's actually not that unheard of for astronauts to play pranks in space. For example:

      Having successfully completed the first ever two-space vehicle rendezvous in orbit with Frank Borman and James Lovell, Jr. in Gemini 7, Schirra and Stafford were understandably in high spirits before they began their atmospheric reentry maneuvers.

      But, before beginning their journey home, NASA received a report from the pair saying they had spotted a UFO. According to Schirra's memoirs "Schirra's Space," Stafford contacted Mission Control and said: "We have an object, looks like a satellite going from north to south, probably in polar orbit.... Looks like he might be going to re-enter soon.... You just might let me pick up that thing.... I see a command module and eight smaller modules in front. The pilot of the command module is wearing a red suit."

      Before Mission Control had time to digest the "UFO sighting," they heard an extraterrestrial rendition of "Jingle Bells" coming from Gemini 6. Schirra and Stafford had smuggled a harmonica and miniature sleigh bells onto the spacecraft especially for this moment.

      http://news.discovery.com/space/big-pic-jingle-bells-first-space-music.html

    5. Re:Doesn't matter by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

      Does man's word mean so little anymore?

      FTFY

    6. Re:Doesn't matter by dkleinsc · · Score: 2

      But, before beginning their journey home, NASA received a report from the pair saying they had spotted a UFO.

      And of course, the UFO conspiracy theorists have taken this report seriously ever since.

      --
      I am officially gone from /. Long live http://www.soylentnews.com/
    7. Re:Doesn't matter by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

      You hadn't heard of the brother angle? You win five (5) internets for responding to an article without reading the summary.

    8. Re:Doesn't matter by SternisheFan · · Score: 2

      Firstly, I wish to thank the academy...

  3. maybe he had to drop the "a" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    to lip sync with the footage they got from New Mexico?

  4. Linguistic discussion by Fnordulicious · · Score: 3, Informative

    Language Log has discussed this a number of times.

  5. that he said it ON THE MOON is the good part by girlinatrainingbra · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Why argue about whether he thought of it spontaneously on the moon or had thought of it or considered it before he took that first step. It's the fact that he said it ON THE MOON that is the good and important part. Personally, I believe that he probably did plan ahead and think about what he might say when he landed. Thus he most certainly did think of that phrase ahead of time (in my humble opinion). And who amongst us has not tried to get a little more glory by saying yeah I just thought of that spontaneously when we might have come up with the retort earlier. Certainly Armstrong does not NEED to be cooler or thought of as more: he walked on the moon. So who cares about whether that line was a spontaneous utterance or a well planned entrance line?
    .
    :>)
    Neil Armstrong, my here. I would love to fly there someday and see those footsteps in the lunar dust, if the micrometeroids have not destroyed it. They'll probably put up a velvet rope around it to keep us tourist riff-raff away. If only. I wish. I truly wish. [Fly me to the moon!!! ;>) ]

    1. Re:that he said it ON THE MOON is the good part by girlinatrainingbra · · Score: 2

      "my hero" is what I meant to say. I missed my typo when I previewed it. Saaahrry /. !

    2. Re:that he said it ON THE MOON is the good part by hawguy · · Score: 2

      that he said it ON THE MOON is the good part

      riding 60s technology hastily designed, developed and built in under a decade that has, in the 40+ years since, yet to be duplicated for a return... despite all of our advances in engineering, astrophysics, technology, manufacturing, and other fields. we *should* be able to get there for a mere fraction of apollo's cost (was approx $190b in current dollars)

      We've developed much less tolerance for risk since then, which drives up costs and complexity - NASA wouldn't certify an Apollo era spacecraft for human spaceflight today.

    3. Re:that he said it ON THE MOON is the good part by fostware · · Score: 2

      Priorities.

      We don't care about a desolate place that will require sinking great wads of cash into it, unless there's oil, rare earths and minerals, or our IP has been infringed.

      --
      "We know what happens to people who stay in the middle of the road. They get run over." - Aneurin Bevan
    4. Re:that he said it ON THE MOON is the good part by erice · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Priorities.

      We don't care about a desolate place that will require sinking great wads of cash into it, unless there's oil, rare earths and minerals, or our IP has been infringed.

      "We" didn't care then either. We cared about one-uping the Soviets. Once we had landed on the moon and determined that the Soviets weren't going to try to top it, we lost interest.

      Apollo was never about science, exploration, or the opening of a frontier. It was a multi-billion dollar cold war publicity stunt that stole the thunder from the real pioneers that are still to come.

  6. The missing "A" by Ozoner · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The missing "A" was not caused by static, but by the way that the VOX (Voice Operated Switch) operated.

    The Sensitivity of the VOX is quite critical. If it's too sensitive, everybody gets to hear background noises like breaths and grunts. To work properly the VOX needs to be set quite "tight". If you listen to any of the recordings you can hear how the first syllable is always clipped. If the first word is a short sound, it will likely be cut completely.

    In noisy conditions, most operators develop the habit of starting a sentence with a short "Ah". The "Ah" isn't transmitted, it just serves to open the mute.
    Ask any Ham Radio Operator about setting up a VOX.

    1. Re:The missing "A" by Ozoner · · Score: 2

      > So what VOX switched off before he said "a"?

      The VOX in the astronauts suit transmitter

    2. Re:The missing "A" by AmiMoJo · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The problem with that theory is there was no pause or gap between "for" and "man". If it was swallowed by VOX or static the space would still be there.

      The guy fluffed his line, hardly something to be ashamed of when you are just about to be the first man in history to set foot on another planet and there is still a very slight worry you will just sink into the dust, and even if somehow you don't the spacesuit might fail, or the lift-off motor might not fire, or any number of other things might go wrong. Armstrong was human, after all, which is kind of the point since robots had been there before.

      --
      const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
      SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
    3. Re:The missing "A" by NoNonAlphaCharsHere · · Score: 2

      Actually, the missing "a" was inadvertently dropped when the Doctor spliced in the "You should kill us all on sight" bit.

  7. Some of these were also considered... by mykepredko · · Score: 2

    "In your Face, Aldrin!"
    "A quarter million miles, billions of dollars, and you won't believe what I just stepped in."
    "What's that monolith doing here?"
    "Man, you can't believe what a fart smells like in here."
    "Houston, has Aldrin told you about his crotch rot yet?"
    "Honey, I think I left the stove on."
    "Houston, you're not going to believe this, but there's a flag with the Hammer and Sickle standing here."
    "Man, I could use the fresh, relaxing taste of Coca-Cola."
    "Suck it, Aldrin!"

    myke

    1. Re:Some of these were also considered... by petman · · Score: 3, Funny

      Don't forget,

      "FIRST!"

  8. What he really said... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    We're whalers on the moon...we carry a harpoon...

  9. Re:dub in the "a" by SomePgmr · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Last I heard, Armstrong (who insisted he said it right), was vindicated by analysis of the original audio.

  10. Suggestions for Armstrong's First Words by Hugh+Pickens+writes · · Score: 4, Interesting
    Even before the landing Armstrong's first word on the moon were much anticipated and there was a lot of discussion for weeks in the press about what they would be.

    Esquire Magazine even ran a story before the moon landing where they asked sixty prominent figures at the time including Marshall McLuhan, Isaac Asimov, Buckminister Fuller, Ayn Rand, Bob Hope, Hubert Humphrey, Tiny Tim, Sal Mineo, Vladamir Nabokov, Mohamad Ali, Truman Capote, and John Kenneth Galbraith for their suggestions on what Armstrong should say upon landing on the moon that would "ring through the ages.".

    When Neil H. Armstrong, a blond, blue-eyed, thirty-eight-year-old civilian astronaut from Wapakoneta, Ohio, steps out of the lunar landing module this summer and plants his size eleven space boot on the surface of the moon, the event will eclipse in historic importance the landing of Christopher Columbus in the New World. Commander Armstrong's step will not immediately affect the nature of the quality of life on earth, of course (neither did Columbus'), but it will mark the departure point of a fantastic new adventure in the saga of man. For that step onto the moon will signal a readiness to travel throughout the solar system, even the universe â" in flights that will lead not merely to new worlds, new substances, new conceptions about the nature of matter and of life itself, but, it can scarcely be doubted, to contact with new beings as well. Moreover, Armstrong's will be the first such epic stride to be recorded in detail by the microphone and the television camera. Future generations will be able to relive all that was said and done at that moment as never before in the history of exploration. The stupendous magnitude and unprecedented visibility of what Commander Armstrong is about to do, therefore, combine to pose the question: when the astronaut takes the first step on the moon, what should he say?

    I believe it may have been Gore Vidal who made the suggestion that still sticks in my mind after forty-three years: "We come in peace for all mankind. Now come out from behind that rock with your hands up."

    1. Re:Suggestions for Armstrong's First Words by twosat · · Score: 2

      If he had encountered an alien, he would have said his name backwards, "Gnorts, Mr Alien!"

  11. Is the primary commemorative plaque definitive? by BenEnglishAtHome · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Last time I was there, at Tranquility Park in downtown Houston, across from the old federal building/current federal courts at 515 Rusk, there was a giant plaque at the entrance to the park quoting those first words from the moon.

    The quote included the missing "a".

    Somebody thought highly enough of the theory that the article belonged in the sentence that they cast it in bronze, decades ago, soon after the landing.

    It's been a while since I've been in that park. Is there anybody who works nearby who can verify that the plaque, complete with the "a", is still there? It used to be at the corner entrance on the Rusk side of the park.

    1. Re:Is the primary commemorative plaque definitive? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Interesting

      You mean this thing?

      I can make out an "a" at the bottom of the granite plaque on the left.

    2. Re:Is the primary commemorative plaque definitive? by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

      That is truly one of the finest pictures of a trashcan I have ever seen.

      Will someone, anyone please go stand next to that trash can and shoot a panorama?

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  12. Missing the point by BenSchuarmer · · Score: 3, Informative

    Neil Armstrong was a gaming nerd!

  13. I've seen better. by tool462 · · Score: 2

    Not a huge fan of this origin story. I'm personally waiting for the Brian Singer reboot.

  14. Yabba Dabba Doo! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    My 6 year old son was asked what the first moon lander's famous words were, and he said "yabba dabba doo". I laughed but then thought, that was almost certainly much closer to what Armstrong was probably thinking, despite what he said.

    1. Re:Yabba Dabba Doo! by Strider- · · Score: 2

      Now to build a time machine and switch myself with him just to say yabba...dabba...doo.

      Much better would be to shout "Oh my God, what's that?!" and then cut the mic. ;)

      --
      ...si hoc legere nimium eruditionis habes...
  15. Re:dub in the "a" by symbolset · · Score: 2

    Regardless of what he said or didn't say, it really was one small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.

    --
    Help stamp out iliturcy.
  16. Re:dub in the "a" by ThePromenader · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The missing "a" does make sense: aren't "man" and "mankind" synonymous? "A man" and "mankind" are obviously different, and if used would make a more meaningful (and humble) phrase meaning: "one l'il tippytoe for l'il old me, but what a mark of progress!".

    --

    No, no sig. Really.

    ThePromenader
  17. Re:dub in the "a" by bjs555 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Until about 10 years ago I remember hearing all broadcasts of Armstrong's quote with a definite crackling "a" before the word "man". Then the crackling "a" disappeared. It seems to me someone decided the audio sounded better without the crackling sound, edited it out, and threw away the original. Thus history was changed. It's disturbing.

  18. Re:dub in the "a" by nospam007 · · Score: 3, Funny

    It's completely bogus! He said something completely different, but they were too politically correct to admit it.

    He said: "Holy living fuck... Are you fucking believing this? Over.
    I abso-fucking-lutely am standing on the surface of the fucking moon!"

    Here's the paper from that day that confirms it.:-)

    http://www.doobybrain.com/2009/07/18/the-onion-holy-shit-man-walks-on-fucking-moon/

  19. I watched that original broadcast by Trax3001BBS · · Score: 4, Interesting

    With Walter Cronkite.

    The first words was a big deal, everybody was anxious to hear what
    they would be. After the "one small step" line Cronkite says to his
    co-host well you have to understand he was under a lot of pressure
    over what to say. Nobody really thought it was great by any means
    but it's what we got.

    For me: "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed."
    will always be the first words spoken and quality stuff.

  20. Everyone always misses out the most important part by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 2
    I don't know why, but everyone always misses out the most important part:

    "That's one small step for [a] man [static] YOU SHOULD KILL US ALL ON SIGHT [static], one giant leap for mankind."

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  21. Falsification of history by dpbsmith · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I listened to the event live, and I and everyone in the room heard it as "one small step for man." And I remember at the time hearing a comment, "shouldn't he have said one small step for a man?" The audio recording is perfectly clear. There's no squelch, no gap, and nothing half-buried under static. The New York Times reported it as it was.

    Neil Armstrong originally insisted he had said "a" but later acknowledged that he could not have said so. Wikipedia cites sources.

    Yet some encyclopedias and history books include the "a." It is a kindly falsification of history, made out of misguided respect for Neil Armstrong's feelings.

    And I find it shocking.

    It is a trivial distortion, but it is a distortion of an event that was witnessed in live broadcast by half a billion people and electronically recorded.

    If such a thing can be distorted simply to spare one man's feelings about a completely inconsequential mistake, what does that tell us about the trustworthiness of basic, prosaic factual details of historical events with few eyewitnesses, no electronic records, and money, politics, or national pride hanging in the balance?