Slashdot Mirror


New Technology Produces Cheaper Tantalum and Titanium

Billy the Mountain writes "A small UK company is bringing new technology online that could reduce the prices of tantalum and titanium ten-fold. According to this piece in The Economist: A tantalising prospect, the key is a technique similar to smelting aluminum with a new twist: The metallic oxides are not melted as with aluminum but blended in powder form with a molten salt that serves as a medium and electrolyte. This technology is known as the FFC Cambridge Process. Other metals include Neodymium, Tungsten, and Vanadium."

29 of 139 comments (clear)

  1. Re:bringing new technology online by oldhack · · Score: 2

    haha. "Bring it online" is a common management-speak from the "quaint" old days. :)

    This is a post that I would have expected from slashdot back in her good old days. I hope there still are some here that are in the know, and chime in with their thoughts.

    Thumbs up, lamer.

    --
    Fuck systemd. Fuck Redhat. Fuck Soylent, too. Wait, scratch the last one.
  2. Re:Slowpoke by JabberWokky · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Slashdot is certainly prone to error, so I'm not going to defend this specific case, but it's not uncommon for a 17 year lapse between having a process progressing from an academic discovery to an industrial implementation. Using your example, it was a decade between the first flight and the first scheduled commercial flight (heck, even four years to the first passenger).

    --
    "$30 for the One True Ring. $10 each additional ring!" -- JRR "Bob" Tolkien
  3. Re:bringing new technology online by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Aluminum is mostly made by Rio , and uses subsidized electricity from anyone who wants jobs and a smelter, and heaps of sodium hydroxide - a salt that also 'costs' to produce. Anyone who discovers a way of saving energy inputs will be well rewarded.
    Magnesium. like aluminum is basically solidified electricity, so the process sounds good - until the other energy is factored in.
    BTW Alum smelters have stirrers that add pressure to the equation - chemists have done their homework, and using aluminum to make aluminum is obviously not likely.

  4. Re:Slowpoke by Sique · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There is quite a difference between developing a process in a lab and making it industrially available. With your argument, the news about the ENIAC being functional in 1946 was no news, because Alan Turing developed the model of the Universal Machine already in 1936.

    --
    .sig: Sique *sigh*
  5. Re:the problem with titanium by jbeaupre · · Score: 4, Informative

    I work with titanium. Buying 500 kg this week. It's not that bad. I'd use more of it if it were cheaper.

    You want to talk hard to work with, try gamma titanium aluminide. Blah! And I'm sure there is far worse stuff. Plutonium?

    --
    The world is made by those who show up for the job.
  6. Re:someone in Russia just went nuts by a_hanso · · Score: 5, Funny

    one might even say he threw a tantalum

  7. Re:the problem with titanium by a_hanso · · Score: 5, Funny

    You want to talk hard to work with, try gamma titanium aluminide.

    I think gamma titanium aluminide is managing my project.

  8. Re:the problem with titanium by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    the problem with titanium is that its currently incredibly expensive to refine it from its ore, if the costs of refining it the problems of "working" it aren't major hurdles compared to its . Its already used extensively in Aircraft frames were its weight to strength ratio make it economic despite its high cost. if the cost of refining it dropped by the amounts claimed we would see HUGE increases in the use of titanium.

  9. Tritanium by clarkkent09 · · Score: 2

    new technology that could reduce the prices of tantalum and titanium ten-fold.
     
    Noooooo, my huge cache of veldspar will become worthless! Oh titanium, not tritanium..... never mind.

    --
    Negative moral value of force outweighs the positive value of good intentions.
  10. "Reduce the prices ten-fold"?? by 1u3hr · · Score: 4, Informative

    Reduce the prices ten-fold

    Really? I think you're trying to say "reduce by 90%".

    Or you could have just quoted TFA : "for less than a tenth of such powderâ(TM)s current price". But that's The Economist, their editors actually care about both the English language and making sense.

    1. Re:"Reduce the prices ten-fold"?? by 1u3hr · · Score: 3, Informative

      Tenfold = ten times as much. Not one tenth. If you mean "one tenth" SAY "one tenth".
      "reduce tenfold" literally means take away ten times. i.e. 1-10 = -9 Since that's nonsense, we can only guess what they actually mean

      http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/tenfold
      tenfold adjective. ten times as great or as numerous:

  11. Poster fails to read TFA - as usual by Freestyling · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Seriously, do the people posting these stories ever read TFA?

    "The metallic oxides are not *melted as with aluminum* but blended in powder form with a molten salt that serves as a medium and electrolyte."

    Wrong! The Hall-Héroult process (main Al production method) is exactly that! Dissolving alumina in molten cryolite to allow electrolysis without heating to alumina's melting point.

    So actually the apparent amazing breakthrough turns out to be, "oh hey, they found a new solvent to dissolve things in".

    Accurate facts please guys, leave the sensationalising by omission to the tabloids.

  12. Re:the problem with titanium by tehcyder · · Score: 4, Funny

    I think if you were ordering 500kg of plutonium you would just have made the scariest post ever on slashdot.

    --
    To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
  13. When all said and done by Chrisq · · Score: 3, Funny

    "A small UK company is bringing new technology online that could reduce the prices of tantalum and titanium ten-fold.

    When all said and done, who doesn't like cheap tan and tits

    1. Re:When all said and done by pokeparadox · · Score: 2

      Not with ten folds.

  14. Re:the problem with titanium by ch0rlt0n · · Score: 5, Funny

    Face it, there's probably enough keywords there to have triggered alarm bells at the NSA anyway.

  15. Re:the problem with titanium by jbeaupre · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I've only used it for prototypes, but nothing aerospace. Which means either very expensive custom tooling for die casting or machining. And it won't quite machine like metal. Grinding works, but that's slow for complex shapes.

    It's not impossible to work with, just weird. Vibrates and makes the strangest sounds while machining.

    Now that I think about it, boralyn was worse. Tore up machine tools and gummed up grinding tools. You can cast, forge, and weld the stuff. But none of the parts I work with are amenable to those processes.

    --
    The world is made by those who show up for the job.
  16. Re:the problem with titanium by jbeaupre · · Score: 5, Funny

    Is your manager brittle, expensive, and prone to making weird noises?

    --
    The world is made by those who show up for the job.
  17. If they can scale up this process.... by MtViewGuy · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It could literally change the world.

    Titanium--which is actually common in the soil--is an amazingly strong metal that is also quite corrosion resistant and can withstand very temperatures. Even with the expensive production processes used up till now, titanium was favored by the aerospace industry because of its strength and heat resistance and for making propeller blades for ship screws because they withstood the corrosive effects of seawater.

    With a vastly cheaper production process, it could make it possible to substantially lighten the weight of automobiles--which has the benefit of either lower petrol/diesel fuel consumption or needing a smaller battery pack (in the case of electric cars). And it means high-speed trains can be vastly lighter while still meeting safety standards for passenger train cars, which means smaller and more efficient traction motors on electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger trains.

    1. Re:If they can scale up this process.... by Bob+the+Super+Hamste · · Score: 2

      FUD pure FUD
      Tractor trailers getting blown over aren't because of weight but because of the huge cross sectional area they present from the side. As far as vehicles getting blown all over the road it also is more a function of cross sectional area than weight. I have driven a Geo Metro and that got blown around less than my Jeep Cherokee and things like that can be mitigated by better under vehicle aerodynamics.

      --
      Time to offend someone
  18. Tantalum won't be much effected by Troyusrex · · Score: 4, Interesting
    I happen to live close to the largest Tantalum processor in the world and so I've been following tantalum movements for a long time. The main constraint on Tantalum as it is isn't processing cost but supply of the mineral.

    At CURRENT extraction rates there's less than a 50 year supply so making the processing cheaper will just make it run out faster.It's possible some new sources will be found, but no apparent ones are on the horizon.

  19. Re:the problem with titanium by morethanapapercert · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I once posted elsewhere about what *I* think would be great subjects for video.slashdot.org, behind the scenes at the computer room of a major observatory for example. I think getting a video tour of your shop might be equally fascinating. Exotic boron and/or titantium alloys and it's not an aerospace application? I'm guessing racing bicycles or Formula 1 fabrication work. Either way, I'd love to see an interview where you discuss what it's like working with these unusual materials.

    --
    I need a wheelchair van for my son. Help me get the word out. https://www.gofundme.com/wheelchair-van-for-jj
  20. Titanium, the metal of the 21th century by Eloking · · Score: 3, Informative

    Most people, even on slashdot, don’t realize the huge potential of titanium.

    It's not only a better metal, it's perfect. In fact, if you mixed together aluminum and stainless steel together and tap the result with a magic wand to remove all its flaw (Resistance to corrosion, acid, rust etc.), you'll get titanium.

    Its light as aluminum, strong as steel, completely resistant to corrosion and quite abundant (given, it's not as abundant as iron and aluminum, but it's not that far either. You'll be surprised how much we use Ti in our everyday product). In fact, Ti as the "highest strength-to-weight ratio of any metal" (Reference: Wiki). And we're not even talking about alloy yet.

    Still, it got two main flaws:

    - First it's price. Because the Kroll process (actual process to make Ti) waste Magnesium, Ti cost a lot more than it should. But the new process should drop that problem if it ever enters mass production. And even if it'll always be more costly than aluminum or iron, don't forget that you need way less material to get the job done

    - The second flaw is the hash manufacturing process. Because of many factor like the Titanium thermal conductivity, it's a pain to manufacture. But the new advance in 3D printing "could" completely remove that flaw

    I may be a dreamer, but the day where you'll buy 3D printed Titanium shovel from your Walmart may not be that far.

    --
    Elok
    1. Re:Titanium, the metal of the 21th century by slinches · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Titanium is a very good material, but it isn't perfect. The fatigue capability is relatively low for its strength, especially in cast form. Strength at temperature is good, but far short of nickel based superalloys that are similar in cost. Low ductility and elastic modulus means it isn't easily formable and makes machining more difficult. It has limited resistance to wear due to lower hardenability. Oh, and it can catch on fire under the right conditions.

      Although, for many aerospace applications there's no substitute at almost any cost. It allows the weight of parts, that would otherwise need to be made of steel or nickel alloys, to be cut nearly in half (and that adds up quickly since it applies to a large portion of the main structural components in things like jet engines).

      If the price does drop drastically, I'd expect to start seeing Ti show up a lot more in areas like the automotive industry, where weight is important but it's use had been limited by cost.

      --
      Knowledge Brings Fear
    2. Re:Titanium, the metal of the 21th century by Eloking · · Score: 2

      I'll double-check this, but as far as I know all those flaw can be greatly reduced (if not eleminated) in some Ti alloy.

      --
      Elok
    3. Re:Titanium, the metal of the 21th century by Artraze · · Score: 2

      Meh.

      First: It's 66% heavier than aluminum, and about half the strength of hardened steel.

      Don't get me wrong, titanium is pretty good stuff, but it still has trade offs beyond price. After all, it's only about 2-5 more expensive than stainless (depending on type of stainless form factor, etc) so if it was so clearly better, why is it so specialty?

      As a comparison:

      Aluminum:
      Vastly easier machine, vastly easier to cast (much lower melting point).
      In terms of strength/weight, aluminum is actually quite competitive with titanium (obviously depending on alloys): it's modulus of elasticity is very slightly better, and it's yield strength is within roughly 20%.
      Thus aluminum wins: not only is it's similar to titanium in terms of usable strength, it's more rigid because rigidity depends on the elasticity AND the thickness (i.e. modulus*area*thick^2). (The latter assumes a solid piece; using a 'hollow' design like a tube or ibeam would bring the stiffness of the pieces on-par.)

      Stainless Steel:
      Somewhat easier to machine and cast. While the melting point is comparable to titanium, titanium's is just hot enough to start causing problems with most common refractories. I'd also worry that it's a lot more reactive with could mean more difficulties. I'm not familiar with the practical casting of it, though, so I could be wrong.
      As far as steel is concerned, well, hardened 440C stainless wins in terms of yield strength and elasticity vs weight. It also achieves higher hardness for things like shafts and knives, and can be annealed for easier machining. Of course, one tradeoff is that the strength suffers pretty severely when not hardened (~1/4 of Ti vs weigth), so for larger pieces that can't be hardened effectively, titanium comes out on top. Also, the austenitic stainless steels (e.g. 304, 316) cannot be hardened, and so lack Ti's strength. (And, of course, similar elasticities means titanium will be more rigid, for the same reasons aluminum is.)

      Titanium does have its uses though: it had better corrosion resistance, better performance at high temperatures, etc. It's a good material it it's own right to be sure, but it's not perfect. If the price came down to be comparable to stainless I'd expect that usage would take off in a few areas, but especially when you account for difficulty of machining, don't expect to see it everywhere.

  21. Re:the problem with titanium by Hadlock · · Score: 3, Informative

    You can safely hold a lump of the stuff (scientific samples) with your bare hands. It's warm, but otherwise completely safe because it only emits alpha or beta particles (I forget which). You wouldn't want to eat it or breathe in dust from a machining process, however.

    --
    moox. for a new generation.
  22. Razor blades by ChrisMaple · · Score: 2

    "Old Spice" markets disposable razors claimed to have blades of titanium. They dull very quickly and become effectively useless about 4 times faster than steel.

    --
    Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
  23. Combats steel prices by snadrus · · Score: 2

    Steel has gotten very expensive as China industrializes, which hurts many industries. Titanium is highly plentiful and if it could compete with steel on even a fraction of its markets then it would help reduce the world's demand. Fun unintended consequences may include a resurgence in building construction.

    --
    Science & open-source build trust from peer review. Learn systems you can trust.