Slashdot Mirror


New CFAA Could Subject Teens To Jail For Reading Online News

redletterdave writes "Anyone under 18 found reading the news online could hypothetically face jail time according to the latest draft of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA), which is said to be 'rushed' to Congress during its 'cyber week' in the middle of April. According to the new proposal floated by the House Judiciary Committee, the CFAA would be amended to treat any violation of a website's Terms of Service – or an employer's Terms of Use policy – as a criminal act. Applied to the world of online publications, this could be a dangerous notion: For example, many news websites' Terms of Use warn against any users under a certain age to use their site. In fact, NPR and the Hearst Corporation's entire family of publications, which includes Popular Mechanics, the San Francisco Chronicle and the Houston Chronicle, all disallow readers under 18 from using their 'services.' According to the DOJ, this would mean anyone under 18 found accessing these sites — even just to read or comment on a story — could face criminal charges."

44 of 230 comments (clear)

  1. What's the First Amendment? by Jetra · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Want to keep the public in the dark and ill-informed? This is the perfect way!

    1. Re:What's the First Amendment? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Actually, the next step will be to make it a crime to use the internet to complain about the Gov on Gov sites as long as the Gov sites' ToS state it.

      "Thank you for visiting congress.gov. By visiting this site you agree to contribute the legal* maximum to each member of Congress ..."

      * by "legal" we mean as much as you have because no one even prosecutes us for breaking election laws (which we're going to get around to repealing anyway).

    2. Re:What's the First Amendment? by Jeremiah+Cornelius · · Score: 5, Informative

      Everything that you do, every day is against the law. All the time.

      All it needs is a motivated prosecutor or enforcement agent, to activate your infraction.

      --
      "Flyin' in just a sweet place,
      Never been known to fail..."
    3. Re:What's the First Amendment? by amiga3D · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Don't attribute to malice that which can be accounted for by stupidity. Congress is an example of representative government in action. Most people now are idiots and they elect idiots who make idiot laws. Hence we have crazy legislation like this that we don't even need. At least once we're all in jail we'll be safe.....I guess.

    4. Re:What's the First Amendment? by jamstar7 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Well, it's expanding copyright by default and allowing private corporations to infringe on a person's rights, and making the government enforce it at tax payer expense.

      Welcome to the USSA, where you get all the justice you can afford.

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    5. Re:What's the First Amendment? by jamstar7 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      "State-run media"? More like "Media-run state" from where I sit...

      --
      Understanding the scope of the problem is the first step on the path to true panic.
    6. Re:What's the First Amendment? by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 2

      Everything that you do, every day is against the law. All the time.
      All it needs is a motivated prosecutor or enforcement agent, to activate your infraction.

      Thanks Aaron.

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    7. Re:What's the First Amendment? by twiddlingbits · · Score: 2

      The GOP isnt in control of the Senate or the Executive Branch..have you been under a rock the last 5 yrs? Regardless, its Computer "stuff" something Congress as a whole (bioth partied) has no clue about so they'll probably passs it as the "good" in it outweighs the "evil" in it according to them. Educate your elected officials about this part of the bill and urge them to strike it out. I wonder what other easter eggs are buried in the fine print..:(

    8. Re:What's the First Amendment? by Gilmoure · · Score: 2

      Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

      Obviously, 'the people', in keeping with 'the people' in the second ammendment, refers to gov't organized and sancioned groups and 'the press' refers to established and licensed newspapers and news reporting organizations. Of course, the right sort of large and established corporations would no doubt receive gov't approved subsidiary licenses that they can then bestow on suitably patriotic and contributory supporters.

      --
      I drank what? -- Socrates
    9. Re:What's the First Amendment? by julian67 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      No, most people now are not idiots. But curiously some /. commentators can make such a crass generalisation without understanding who is left looking stupid as the words come tumbling out.

    10. Re:What's the First Amendment? by Frobnicator · · Score: 4, Informative
      It goes much farther than that. It makes conspiracy to violate and attempts to violate punishable as though they had completed the crime.

      Simply talking about breaking the terms of service caries the same felony punishment.

      --
      //TODO: Think of witty sig statement
    11. Re:What's the First Amendment? by bdwebb · · Score: 3, Insightful

      A representative government is supposed to fulfill the will of the people who elected those representatives. Our government only fulfills the personal goals of the representatives that are elected and around election time they just have to pander a bit to the masses to pretend that they were doing *something* that wasn't akin to raping their constituents best interests over a table.

      Even most idiots realize that things like this are fucking crazy...the representatives don't care, though, because they make the $$ and have the power. Oh wait, they make some of the $$ and have some of the power but they have corporate puppeteers to answer to that helped put them in office, hence legislation like this. Terms of Service as LAW??? Holy shit...that has media organizations written all over it. Pay no attention to the corporation behind the curtain!

    12. Re:What's the First Amendment? by Darinbob · · Score: 2

      Most citizens are apathetic. Whether or not this is a sign of stupidity or just a simulation of stupidity remains to be seen.

    13. Re:What's the First Amendment? by pdabbadabba · · Score: 2

      What part of the law are you looking at?

      Conspiracy is not "just talking about." You have to make an overt act in furtherance of the conspiracy. It's a tricky area of law (and one I don't much care for) and some statements, under some circumstances, might constitute overt acts, but it's safe to say that "just talking about breaking the terms of service" isn't enough, without more. And in this respect CFAA is really no different from any other law. Of course, if the law is bad, conspiracy liability for breaking it is even worse. But throwing around a lot of half truths about conspiracy liability really won't shed much light on anything, I don't think.

    14. Re:What's the First Amendment? by Frobnicator · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Okay, let's try this variation:

      Me:Honey, I'm thinking I'd like to sign our daughter up for a Facebook account, even though she is twelve.
      Wife: That's probably okay. All her friends are already on it, and she is very responsible.

      Suddenly...

      BOOM! Conspiracy to commit computer fraud. Which carries the same penalty of actually committing computer fraud. Which includes potential jail time for both parents.

      --
      //TODO: Think of witty sig statement
    15. Re:What's the First Amendment? by pla · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Everything that you do, every day is against the law. All the time. All it needs is a motivated prosecutor or enforcement agent, to activate your infraction.

      Ah, but this law would count as quite the double-edged sword...

      Y'know the old cheesy warez-site belief that you can ban cops or require them to identify themselves as such when asked on a sign-up form? This gem of a turd would make those true.

      Beautiful. Truly beautiful.

    16. Re:What's the First Amendment? by ShakaUVM · · Score: 4, Informative

      >Everything that you do, every day is against the law. All the time.

      >All it needs is a motivated prosecutor or enforcement agent, to activate your infraction.

      Not everything, but yeah. A US Attorney can make your life a living nightmare if they get a bug up their ass about you. It's happening to a friend of mine. He owns land, and leases it out to farmers. Farmers grew pot on it without his knowledge. Now US Attorney Wagner is trying to take his land, and, you know, why not? All his other assets too. And all his family's assets. Just because he wants to make an example out of them.

      If you want a book that will simultaneously enlighten and enrage you, I highly recommend Harvey Silverglate's "Three Felonies a Day". In it, he talks about how DAs and other prosecutors will laugh and joke about all the different ways they can throw completely innocent people into prison, and runs through hundreds of case studies showing how they abuse their power in conjunction with ambiguous laws to throw people into jail who had no idea they were committing a crime, and even the prosecutors didn't try to argue had a mens rea.

      http://www.amazon.com/Three-Felonies-Day-Target-Innocent/dp/1594035229

      What needs to be done:
      1) Decriminalize a lot of things. Aaron's Law (which is the polar opposite of the law in TFA) would be a good step in this direction - make violations of EULAs civil, not criminal, cases. And do this for a whole set of things. (In the book, one artist was thrown in jail because his scientist friend bought some stuff for him - got sent to jail because arguably the wrong name was on the application).
      2) Require a mens rea ("guilty mind") to go to jail for most things. Right now, many statues operate on strict liability that really should require intent to commit a crime instead.
      3) Eliminate or clarify ambiguous laws. While it sounds nice to be able to make something nice and vague, in reality it means that US Attorneys can warp or twist the wording to bring a life-ending case against a person or business they don't like.
      4) Eliminate prosecutoral bribery. A defense attorney would get disbarred if he offered a witness a million bucks to tell a certain story in court, but prosecutors can and do do this all the time. They approach some underling in a business, arrest them, threaten them with a life in prison for having the gall to work for Enron as a middle manager... but then offer to let them off if they only tell a certain story in court against the Big Fish they're trying to land. It shouldn't be constitutional, but SCOTUS ruled it is, because it would otherwise destroy the "justice" system as it stands right now.

    17. Re:What's the First Amendment? by X-Ray+Artist · · Score: 2

      I think Ayn Rand got it right: There's no way to rule innocent men. The only power any government has is the power to crack down on criminals. Well, when there aren't enough criminals, one makes them. One declares so many things to be a crime that it becomes impossible for men to live without breaking laws. Who wants a nation of law-abiding citizens? What's there in that for anyone? But just pass the kind of laws that can neither be observed nor enforced nor objectively interpreted and you create a nation of law-breakers. Though she wrote this about 50 - 60 years ago, it seems even more true now.

      --
      I would have a sig but I am too busy updating programs and restarting my computer
  2. Only in America by AoOs · · Score: 2, Insightful

    *facepalm*

    --
    - Witticism is an epitaph on the death of a feeling
    1. Re:Only in America by Nethemas+the+Great · · Score: 2

      Only in the House of Representatives... These folks are well known for creating the most poorly conceived and ill considered legislation. The HR represents newbs and the worst of the worst when it comes to radical ideologs. The sad reality is that the voters rarely give scrutiny to the ones they vote in. If your name is more widely recognized than your opponent and/or you happen to be affiliated with the popular party you're almost assured to get in. Senators tend to be more moderate and have a bit more skill at crafting legislation with fewer unconsidered consequences reflecting their lack of newbness and a marginally higher voter scrutiny. If the wording of this shows up in a Senate bill then we have reason for concern.

      --
      Two of my imaginary friends reproduced once ... with negative results.
  3. More importantly, law writing by spongebue · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I think that even more importantly, this effectively gives website owners the power to write laws on their own. Want to include a stipulation in your terms of use that forbids shopping at the competition after merely setting foot in your website? Sure, why not? And if you have the de facto enforcement of criminal law on your side, even better

  4. Re:Alarmist much? by v1 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Something doesn't smell right here. Some moron is misinterpreting law again.

    The odds are much better than this is actually how the law is being written, and they are "expecting the court to correctly interpret it" because, you know, that' the job of the courts... to interpret the intended meaning of the law. (facepalm)

    Writing the law correctly and unambiguously would just be too much of a bother for the congresscritters.

    --
    I work for the Department of Redundancy Department.
  5. This reminds me... by iYk6 · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This reminds me of a female blogger several years ago after that tennager suicide case. She reported that she heard match.com didn't allow married people to use their site. She said that couldn't risk confirming this herself, since she was happily married.

    The point is, how are you supposed to know if you are allowed to use a site, if you can't even read the terms of service without risking violating the terms of service?

    1. Re:This reminds me... by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 4, Funny

      The point is, how are you supposed to know if you are allowed to use a site, if you can't even read the terms of service without risking violating the terms of service?

      "You've got to accept the Terms of Service, so you can find out what's in it." - Nancy Pelosi

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    2. Re:This reminds me... by Experiment+626 · · Score: 2

      The actual quote was in the context of Obamacare. I believe the point was that this legislation makes the same logic error with respect to Terms of Service. Pelosi's actual words were “But we have to pass the bill so that you can find out what’s in it.”

  6. WTF? by gstoddart · · Score: 4, Insightful

    the CFAA would be amended to treat any violation of a website's Terms of Service â" or an employer's Terms of Use policy â" as a criminal act

    That's a really stupid f-ing idea.

    Website change their terms of service all the time, and at their whim. They assert copyright ownership of stuff their users create. They do whatever they want basically, and to their own benefit.

    So if I create a Facebook account without real information I've committed a crime now?

    Anyone voting for this is too damned stupid to be passing laws about technology. We've been giving too much power in terms of EULAs and 'licenses' where companies make up their own terms which would be otherwise illegal -- applying the force of law behind this shit would be bad for all of us.

    Morons.

    --
    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    1. Re:WTF? by serviscope_minor · · Score: 2

      So if I create a Facebook account without real information I've committed a crime now?

      Yep.

      On the other hand, this mixes in a pleasingly perverse way with that law to make it so that you have to give you rfacebook password to an employer discussed earlier, since they are comitting a federal crime if they USE that password.

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    2. Re:WTF? by gstoddart · · Score: 2

      since they are comitting a federal crime if they USE that password

      Doubtful. Employers and people looking after copyrights will be given exemptions to use 'extra legal' methods in order to pursue their requirements.

      Thee and me get screwed, but companies and other donors will be exempt. Politicians, as always, will be exempt.

      Just like how Sony never got prosecuted for installing root kits or the *AAs can use shady techniques to investigate -- because they were protecting copyright, so all of those pesky laws against what they did don't apply.

      --
      Lost at C:>. Found at C.
    3. Re:WTF? by Hatta · · Score: 2

      I was going to write that, but it's not quite accurate. See the Aaron Swartz case. JSTOR didn't want to press charges, and MIT didn't make their opinion known. It was because Swartz was a political activist that he got the book thrown at him.

      --
      Give me Classic Slashdot or give me death!
  7. Ban Politicians by james_van · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Start updating TOS to state that anyone who is in public office is banned from visiting or viewing a site. Then start sending the bastards to jail for violating... ok well, none of them would actually go to jail, but it may cause enough stir to get this whole stupid idea tossed out.

  8. ToS *SHOULD NOT* Be Criminal Law by l0ungeb0y · · Score: 4, Insightful

    These constant actions by Congress to make ToS Violations Criminal Offenses sheds light on the true goal of major corporations to essentially take direct control of the population and do and end run around the American Legal System.

    I am a professional contractor -- when a jackass client tries to weasel out paying because they got the specs wrong (which can happen when I subcontract for a shady jackass), and want me to pay for their fuckups, can I have them thrown in Jail for Breach of Contract? HELL NO.

    But it seems that if you violate a ToS - which is nothing more than an agreement of conduct vis a vis a Contract -- it seems Congress thinks Corporate America should be able to have you thrown in jail for not playing by whatever arbitrary rules they concoct. And more startling these criminal sanctions will be FEDERAL OFFENSES, trumping State Rights. Essentially making the DoJ the strong arm of the Fortune 500.

    Frankly, I find this startling and to be unashamedly over-dramatic -- a testimony of the true intent of the US Congress and their Masters to enslave the unwashed masses of the US into a captive audience for the American Citizens -- the Corporations and the .5% subject to criminal persecution and Federal Mandates to buy products (insurance and whatever else they decide to create "free markets" for of US Corporate Cartels)

    At this point it doesn't matter if this Bill passes or not -- a very clear message has been sent: COMMON PEOPLE ARE NOT WHO CONGRESS SERVES AND CONGRESS IS WORKING AS HARD AS IT CAN TO ELIMINATE COMMONERS RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS AND SUBJECT THEM TO THE WILL OF THEIR CORPORATE MASTERS.

  9. Re:Alarmist much? by gstoddart · · Score: 5, Insightful

    The odds are much better than this is actually how the law is being written, and they are "expecting the court to correctly interpret it" because, you know, that' the job of the courts... to interpret the intended meaning of the law.

    And then they complain about 'activist judges' who tell them their laws, as written, are crap and can't possibly stand in law.

    If you can't pass a law which is actually compatible with your legal frame work, don't be surprised when a judge rules it void because it violated half a dozen legal foundations.

    And the TOS for a web site could be random, arbitrary, and illegal ... there is no attempt whatsoever to address this. "By visiting this site, you owe me $1000 and a blowjob" or any other crap that has no place in contract law, and there's no attempt to ensure you're not waiving rights you're not supposed to be able to waive (like class action suits for instance).

    This is just more stupidity to pander to big business and screw the rest of us.

    --
    Lost at C:>. Found at C.
  10. Too bad it appears the article is wrong... by Bill_the_Engineer · · Score: 4, Informative

    The article is sensationalistic click bait.

    I don't see any such language in the document that was linked within the article. All I see are laws against trafficking in passwords, unauthorized access to a computer system to obtain financial information, non-public information from any government agency, or damage critical infrastructure computers.

    --
    These comments are my own and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of my employer or colleagues...
    1. Re:Too bad it appears the article is wrong... by admdrew · · Score: 2

      I THINK they're referring to the section entitled "EXCEEDS AUTHORIZED ACCESS," but I'm too lazy to get the original document and put them together.

  11. Amish Clause by schneidafunk · · Score: 4, Funny

    "This website can only be used by the Amish"

    --
    Some people die at 25 and aren't buried until 75. -Benjamin Franklin
    1. Re:Amish Clause by dcollins117 · · Score: 2

      Then you need a prosecutor who is brave enough to prosecute.

      You're missing the beauty of this. It needed ever get to the courts at all. Just send an official-looking document to each of the "accused" threatening to go to court if they don't pay a "settlement fee". All of the abusive power of the RIAA/MPAA/Prenda asshats can be yours for the low, low cost of a web server.

  12. Re:Alarmist much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    "By visiting this site, you owe me $1000 and a blowjob" or any other crap that has no place in contract law

    This needs to change. Let's start a lobby.

  13. Re:that'll teach 'em - hey you! drop that website! by vandon · · Score: 2

    What are the odds of it passing?

    See ObamaCare...Pelosi said "We have to pass it to see what's in it." Passed without being read.
    And then, just think about all the congressmen being told about all the children this will protect and all the terrorism it will prevent and you have your answer.

    This will be passed without a single person reading the bill.

  14. MOD PARENT UP by schneidafunk · · Score: 2

    I read the document as well and find no language suggesting anything about TOS violations. In addition, even the summary article was misquoted. It said "if you violate the terms of service on a government website." But I couldn't even find that in the actual draft.

    --
    Some people die at 25 and aren't buried until 75. -Benjamin Franklin
  15. A principle even older than the 1st amendment by waterbear · · Score: 5, Insightful

    A significant principle of the 'rule of law' and 'freedom under the law' for a long time has been that there should be no penalty without a law that imposes it. The principle is so old it was there in Latin too, "nulla poena sine lege", and some (including me) regard it as one of the important foundation-stones of a free society.

    What the maxim didn't spell out (maybe because it was thought obvious, or should be) is that the law needs to be one that makes it clear and specific enough so that people know in advance what the penalty-earning conduct is going to be.

    The ingenuity of some modern legislators subverts this principle while pretending to respect it. They design and pass blanket laws -- such as, arguably, the CFAA -- which are so broad, that they generically criminalize harmful and harmless conduct alike (or, harmful conduct along with other conduct that ought to be considered harmless except it goes against the interests of the legislators' friends). It seems to be assumed (occasionally said right out) that the harmless acts swept up into the breadth of the law will be treated as 'de minimis'. Then it is left to the discretion of prosecutors to pick the cases 'really' deserving of punishment.

    Of course one big question about these blanket laws is whether prosecutors should be trusted with that kind of power (I'd answer 'no', and point to the recent Aaron Swartz case).

    But an even bigger issue is that the result of subverting the principle of 'nulla poena sine lege' in this way is, that no-one really knows any more what conduct is going to be forbidden in practice. A whole lot of folk get theoretically criminalised for the harmless actions swept up into the over-broad laws, and can only rely on the legal system ignoring the 'de minimis' actions. This is obnoxious for so many reasons, including that harmless acts ought not to be criminalized even theoretically. But it is worse when the blanket law becomes used as justification or pretext for punishment when a prosecutor wants to really get nasty with somebody for some quite ulterior reason not made publicly known. Then the real motivation for punishment can become deceitfully concealed under a veneer of sanctimony '. . .but he broke the law'.

    I can hardly think of any subversion of the legal system more poisonous to freedom and the rule of law than this.

    -wb-

  16. Re:that'll teach 'em - hey you! drop that website! by bluefoxlucid · · Score: 2

    "We have to pass this bill so you can see what's in it." She said that the American People didn't understand the 800 page document being discussed and wouldn't get it until it was implemented and they could see it in action and understand.

  17. Re:Alarmist much? by Garridan · · Score: 3, Interesting

    If this law comes to pass, I fully intend to create a private website that has personal information about me. The TOS will state that various parts of the site are off-limits, and that it is forbidden to access those parts of the site.

    When the site is indexed by Google, I'll take them to court. They've got the clout to get this shit taken care of... and a good time will be had by all.

  18. Re:Alarmist much? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    fuck your lobby. I'm starting that website

  19. Re:Main problem by desdinova+216 · · Score: 4, Funny

    - do not taunt happy fun ball