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'Boston Patients' Still HIV Free After Quitting Antiretroviral Meds

ananyo writes "Two men with HIV may have been cured after they received stem-cell transplants to treat the blood cancer lymphoma, their doctors announced today at the International AIDS Society Conference in Kuala Lumpur. One of the men received stem-cell transplants to replace his blood-cell-producing bone marrow about three years ago, and the other five years ago. Their regimens were similar to one used on Timothy Ray Brown, the 'Berlin patient' who has been living HIV-free for six years and is the only adult to have been declared cured of HIV. Last July, doctors announced that the two men — the 'Boston patients' — appeared to be living without detectable levels of HIV in their blood, but they were still taking antiretroviral medications at that time." The story reports that they have only been off of medication for seven and fifteen weeks and they won't know for a year, but signs are looking positive.

16 of 117 comments (clear)

  1. Magic Johnson by Andrio · · Score: 3, Funny

    The only real cure we have for this disease.

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    1. Re:Magic Johnson by Penguinisto · · Score: 2, Funny

      Actually, it wasn't Magic Johnson, but his massive pile of cash.

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  2. Hey! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    The story reports that they have only been off of medication for seven and fifteen weeks and they won't know for a year, but signs are looking positive.

    Phrasing >=(

  3. signs are looking positive? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Funny

    surely, signs are looking negative?

  4. Summary misses a small detail. by SuricouRaven · · Score: 4, Informative

    There's a good chance this 'cure' will kill the patent. It works, but it's dangerous. The choice is between a treatment that may kill you now, or a disease that will kill you eventually. And either way you'll get to take lots and lots of drugs with nasty side effects.

    1. Re:Summary misses a small detail. by ddq · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Life tends to kill you eventually.

    2. Re:Summary misses a small detail. by SirGarlon · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Unless I'm mistaken, that's what they used to say about chemotherapy. Finding ways to help patients survive the therapy may be an easier problem than finding ways to help them survive the disease.

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    3. Re:Summary misses a small detail. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      This isn't a cure for the desease, this is two instances of people being cured, which could potentially lead to a cure without serious side effects (othat than those of genetic manipulation).

    4. Re:Summary misses a small detail. by MozeeToby · · Score: 5, Informative

      Marrow transplants are dangerous, and there's no obvious way to go about making them safer. The problems are a fundamental result of the procedure itself, not simply a side effect. First, you must kill off the patient's bone marrow, there's simply no way around it since the bone marrow is what is causing the problem you are trying to treat. The only ways we know how to do that are with near fatal doses of chemotherapy or radiation. Actually, the doses are fatal, if they do what they are supposed to do and the patient doesn't receive their transplant they will die (when you donate there is a time period after the patient has had their marrow destroyed but before you actually donate, if you change your mind and decide not to donate during that time period the patient will almost certainly die unless another donor can be found and medically cleared in a matter of days). Then there's a period of not days, but weeks where the patient has no functioning immune system to speak of, not to mention severely limited red blood cell production. Then there's graft vs host disease where the immune system rejects it's new host body, essentially like organ rejection except in this case it affects the entire body. Then there's liver and kidney damage (both from the chemo and/or radiation and as a result of the transplant itself) and increased risk of cancer (not related to the original cancer being treated).

      And that's all assuming that a suitable match can be found, which isn't guaranteed. A non-ideal donor increases the risk of complications, especially graft vs host (but can actually reduce the risk of cancer relapse interestingly). Part of the reason a donor can't always be found is that there simply aren't enough people on the registry, largely because people have this notion that donation is an extremely painful process. This was true in the past, but most donors now donate peripheral stem cells, where a drug (filgrastim) is given for a few days and donation is done through vein in the arm.

    5. Re:Summary misses a small detail. by CrimsonAvenger · · Score: 3, Insightful

      (when you donate there is a time period after the patient has had their marrow destroyed but before you actually donate, if you change your mind and decide not to donate during that time period the patient will almost certainly die unless another donor can be found and medically cleared in a matter of days)

      Umm, no.

      Had this done last fall.

      The Donor was donating before they started the chemotherapy on me. Until he'd provided enough stem cells, I just lay in the hospital bed getting nothing at all done....

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  5. Re:There's finally more money in the cure.... by Sarten-X · · Score: 3, Insightful

    From an historical perspective: Covered wagon travel has become quite inexpensive, and costs a few bucks for a team of oxen, so it's not surprising to see a more expensive means of travel appear. A steam locomotive is a cash cow, with related costs adding up $15-30 USD.

    Of course stem cell transplants are expensive now, but having a clear road ahead for AIDS treatment opens the door to future optimization and improvement. As the technique matures, it will become routine enough that the cutting-edge treatments you read about on Slashdot will indeed continue to be expensive replacements for current technologies, and those technologies will themselves become cheaper as they mature. Of course, as the cures mature and become part of every doctor's toolbox, the general public, including yourself, will cease to pay any attention to their dropping costs or minor improvements.

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  6. Re:Stem cells by Petron · · Score: 4, Informative

    Appears to come from modifying adult blood-forming stem cells. Adult stem cells have little to no controversy.

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  7. Re:Men are Free... by TheCarp · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Though they mostly were before, HIV transmission through that route is still not that bad. Now, IV drug use, that is where it spreads like wildfire. In fact, there is some speculation that bad drug policy which drove people to IV drugs and then to share needles that actually caused the first wave of the AIDS epidemic.

    http://www.ted.com/talks/elizabeth_pisani_sex_drugs_and_hiv_let_s_get_rational_1.html

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  8. Re:There's finally more money in the cure.... by the+gnat · · Score: 5, Informative

    A patient of chemo for cancer will take many thousands of dollars each year to combat their disease, so this is where cancer treatment seems to have stalled out in the US.

    Or maybe it's because treating cancer is insanely fucking difficult, because it isn't actually one disease but hundreds or thousands of different cellular regulation disorders which simply happen to have broadly similar effects, because really weeding out every last tumor cell would require therapies so drastic that they'd be likely to kill the patient, and because many cancers tend to evolve drug resistance over time. The costs of cancer go way beyond prescriptions for a few name-brand drugs (which aren't even available for everything); they include older therapies, hospitalization, and surgery. Insurance companies would save multiple hundreds of thousands of dollars per patient if there was a magic drug that cured cancer, and would happily pay a large amount for such a drug, so it's not like there's no profit to be had.

  9. Re:There's finally more money in the cure.... by Nadaka · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The cures for pandemics have never been a product of corporate research... They are always the product of government funded or subsidized research.

  10. Re:Stem cells by Petron · · Score: 2

    Yes, the thing that comes to mind is: Would a doctor encourage abortion more if they can harvest embryonic stems cells... or would they fertilize eggs and have them grow in the lab to be harvested later. If you view life beginning at conception (which many people do, not just Christians), this would be a huge ethically questionable act.

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