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Why a Cure For Cancer Is So Elusive

Hugh Pickens DOT Com writes "George Johnson writes in the NYT that cancer is on the verge of overtaking heart disease as the No. 1 cause of death and although cancer mortality has actually been decreasing bit by bit in recent decades, the decline has been modest compared with other threats. The diseases that once killed earlier in life — bubonic plague, smallpox, influenza, tuberculosis — were easier obstacles. For each there was a single infectious agent, a precise cause that could be confronted. But there are reasons to believe that cancer will remain much more resistant because it is not so much a disease as a phenomenon, the result of a basic evolutionary compromise. As a body lives and grows, its cells are constantly dividing, copying their DNA — this vast genetic library — and bequeathing it to the daughter cells. They in turn pass it to their own progeny: copies of copies of copies. Along the way, errors inevitably occur. Some are caused by carcinogens but most are random misprints. Mutations are the engine of evolution. Without them we never would have evolved. The trade-off is that every so often a certain combination will give an individual cell too much power. It begins to evolve independently of the rest of the body and like a new species thriving in an ecosystem, it grows into a cancerous tumor. 'Given a long enough life, cancer will eventually kill you — unless you die first of something else (PDF). That would be true even in a world free from carcinogens and equipped with the most powerful medical technology,' concludes Johnson. 'Maybe someday some of us will live to be 200. But barring an elixir for immortality, a body will come to a point where it has outwitted every peril life has thrown at it. And for each added year, more mutations will have accumulated. If the heart holds out, then waiting at the end will be cancer.'"

11 of 366 comments (clear)

  1. Cancer isn't one disease by kumanopuusan · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Cancer is a whole spectrum of diseases with different causes, effects, mortality rates, etc. This question is only a little less silly than asking why we haven't cured all disease yet.

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    Use of the words "good", "bad" or "evil" is almost invariably the result of oversimplification.
    1. Re:Cancer isn't one disease by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Cancer is a generic term for a large group of diseases that can affect any part of the body.

      - World Health Organisation

      Cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues.

      - National Cancer Institute (@NIH)

      Where should he get his definition from?

    2. Re:Cancer isn't one disease by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      " if it's anything at all, is a bunch of very different diseases that are characterized by the cells in the body multiplying faster than they should"

      That's a contradictory statement.

      If one guy breaks his leg falling from a ladder, and another breaks his leg in a car accident, does the doctor treat that broken leg differently? Preventative measures for those broken legs may be different, but the result is the same. Likewise, a broken arm and broken leg might be be susceptible to different treatments, but they're both fundamentally broken bones, and it's worthwhile to categorize them as such.

      Cancer can absolutely be categorized as one disease. As you say, it's the pathological replication of a cell. Yes, different types of cells may have different behaviors, although they also all have a litany of identical behaviors. Yes, it's a fruitful avenue of research to treat different cancer types with different methods. But that doesn't mean we should stop looking for broader methods than can treat multiple different kinds of cancers based on their numerous shared characteristics.

      The meme that "cancer is a whole spectrum of diseases" is just that, a meme. Researchers who recite that meme don't believe it literally. They do have a much more nuanced perspective on cancer. But they use that meme in an attempt to deflate journalists' and lay people's expectations about cancer research. And then people echo that meme in an attempt to sound knowledgable and up-to-date.

      Study any topic deeply enough and almost any label will come up short. That doesn't mean the label is wrong. Labels are meant to simplify and aggregate. They sacrifice accuracy for the necessary convenience of relating complex topics in rational discourse.

    3. Re:Cancer isn't one disease by lgw · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Well, it all comes down to: are your trying to stop it from happening in the first place (in which case it's a broad spectrum of causes), or to cure it after the fact (in which case they all have the same mechanism). Which way you see it likely depends on which part of the problem you're concerned with.

      Genes just need a digital checksum - get on it!

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      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    4. Re:Cancer isn't one disease by Michael+Woodhams · · Score: 4, Insightful

      An argument about the world is interesting. An argument about a word is not.

      This is an argument about a word. What is "a disease" versus "a spectrum of diseases"?

      Cancers have some common features, and some very important differences. This is the "world", and you agree on it. Stop arguing about the word.

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      Quattuor res in hoc mundo sanctae sunt: libri, liberi, libertas et liberalitas.
    5. Re:Cancer isn't one disease by cold+fjord · · Score: 5, Insightful

      No, what we were presented with is a conspiracy theory for which no evidence was given. If you want people to believe such an extraordinary claim, which would require a massive world-wide conspiracy lasting decades among all manner of countries, governments, and people of varying socio-political-religious orientations, you need to present some actual evidence instead of simply making a bare allegation. In short you are whining because a crank allegation with no supporting evidence was dismissed as such.

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      much of left-wing thought is a kind of playing with fire by people who don't even know that fire is hot - George Orwell
  2. Re:Bollocks by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 5, Insightful

    This simple fact undermines the above hypothesis.

    Not if they all used to die of sleeping sickness before the age of 30.

    Without knowing what did kill them and at what age, the existence of these populations might equally well support the hypothesis, might it not?

    What was the life expectancy of these Pacific island or pre-Western diet African populations? Did they have anything approaching "Western" medicine for coping with all their other ailments?

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    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  3. Re:True fact: by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "It's more lucrative to treat a disease than it is to cure it."

    While true at face value, the implication here is that a "cancer cabal" profits as a whole when cures are withheld and it collectively decides to release only incrementally improved treatments. But there is no such cabal, quite the opposite, there is intense competition among researchers and pharma companies and no collective decision, only individuals more than willing to "break the ranks".

    Heck, curing a single type of cancer say prostate or leukemia will guarantee you a Nobel prize and a life time of doing whatever you want whenever you want both from a professional and personal point of view - regardless if the cure is monetizable (patentable) or not. And you expect us to believe researchers are actively hiding cures for the sake of the pharma industry ? Please, not even the Mafia can command such allegiance.

  4. Hugh Pickens Blog by Luthair · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Seriously, how many articles per day is Slashdot going to feature from this guy? Recently it feels at least 3 per day.

  5. Re:Money by Sique · · Score: 5, Insightful

    As someone who has had cancer, I have learned a lot. Most importantly, all the various cancer charities are complete frauds. Despite taking in untold Billions of dollars, the number of people dying from cancer has increased, not decreased over the last 20 years. And nobody has ever had their cancer cured because someone wore a pink ribbon or yellow wristband or walked 10 kilometers.

    If you had bothered to actually read even the slashdot article (you don't even need the links), you would understand why the number of people dying of cancer increases. Everyone who has died so far has died of something. Many of the causes people were dying of, we have minimalized or fully eliminated in the last 150 years, Nearly no one dies of the bubonic plague anymore for instance, and most of the other infections are in retreat. With every cause we eliminate, all the remaining causes get a bigger share. And in the end, there are two main causes remaining: coronary diseases and cancer. Everyone of us, given that he dies not of anything else before, will in the end die of either coronary diseases or cancer, which means that they will increase their share, if we further eliminate the other causes for an premature death.

    What is actually increasing is the average age humans die because of coronary diseases or cancer. That means, we are able to push the time further away, when cancer or coronary diseases will get us.

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    .sig: Sique *sigh*
  6. Re:Money by Kjella · · Score: 4, Insightful

    As someone who has had cancer, I have learned a lot. Most importantly, all the various cancer charities are complete frauds. Despite taking in untold Billions of dollars, the number of people dying from cancer has increased, not decreased over the last 20 years.

    That is a statistical fallacy, if we're getting better at treating cancer but even better at treating non-cancer diseases and injuries the relative share of cancer deaths may go up. Most of the people diagnosed with cancer are quite old and while we're getting better at emulating the body's "functions" with artificial hearts, artificial lungs, dialysis machines and so on we're not making the same kind of progress on cancer. I've had several ill and frail relatives but modern medicine kept them alive until the cancer got them, I consider it more of a success than a failure of the medical system. Eventually everybody dies from something.

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    Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings