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Developer Loses Single-Letter Twitter Handle Through Extortion

Hugh Pickens DOT Com writes "Naoki Hiroshima, creator of Cocoyon and a developer for Echofon, writes at Medium that he had a rare one-letter Twitter username — @N — and had been offered as much as $50,000 for its purchase. 'People have tried to steal it. Password reset instructions are a regular sight in my email inbox,' writes Hiroshima. 'As of today, I no longer control @N. I was extorted into giving it up.' Hiroshima writes that a hacker used social engineering with Paypal to get the last four digits of his credit card number over the phone then used that information to gain control of his GoDaddy account. 'Most websites use email as a method of verification. If your email account is compromised, an attacker can easily reset your password on many other websites. By taking control of my domain name at GoDaddy, my attacker was able to control my email.' Hiroshima received a message from his extortionist. 'Your GoDaddy domains are in my possession, one fake purchase and they can be repossessed by godaddy and never seen again. I see you run quite a few nice websites so I have left those alone for now, all data on the sites has remained intact. Would you be willing to compromise? access to @N for about 5 minutes while I swap the handle in exchange for your godaddy, and help securing your data?' Hiroshima writes that it''s hard to decide what's more shocking, the fact that PayPal gave the attacker the last four digits of his credit card number over the phone, or that GoDaddy accepted it as verification. Hiroshima has two takeaways from his experience: Avoid custom domains for your login email address and don't let companies such as PayPal and GoDaddy store your credit card information."

37 of 448 comments (clear)

  1. the moral of the story by royallthefourth · · Score: 5, Insightful

    like so many other articles, this just seems like another reminder to never ever use godaddy

    1. Re:the moral of the story by davek · · Score: 4, Insightful

      like so many other articles, this just seems like another reminder to never ever use godaddy

      Perhaps this is more of an indictment of using ANY non-big-brother email provider for login information to ANY domain registrar. It seems to me the crux of this attack was to a) gain access to the victem's domain registrar account and then b) hijack the domain MX record so all email to that domain goes to the attacker's server. At that point, you can reset all the victem's passwords to all accounts and ALL password reset emails will go to the attacker.

      Time to enable 2-factor on all my registrar accounts.

      --
      6th Street Radio @ddombrowsky
    2. Re:the moral of the story by rwven · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Two-factor probably wouldn't have helped here. They reset the account credentials, assuming the owner lost the ability to log in. That would have included resetting any "2nd factor."

      I don't think any action on the user's part would have helped any of this other than maybe his comment about the TTL on the MX record.

    3. Re: the moral of the story by SuricouRaven · · Score: 4, Insightful

      But they are cheap.

    4. Re:the moral of the story by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

      They gave away the last four digits of the guy's credit card to a stranger...

      I'm not going to defend paypal, but the last 4 digits are generally considered safe to identify a distinct credit card without sharing enough information to allow identify theft. That godaddy accepted the last 4 digits as proof of ownership is far more disturbing than that paypal probably asked 'will this be using the card ending with "1234"?' while the scammer was digging for info.

      Still, I've been avoiding paypal since I got over my old ebay habit. [cue Weird Al song]

    5. Re:the moral of the story by David_W · · Score: 5, Insightful

      They gave away the last four digits of the guy's credit card to a stranger...

      Not to defend PayPal, but the last 4 digits are often not treated as particularly secret. They put it on your credit receipts, many sites show them to help you figure out which card you have registered with them... Yeah, PayPal shouldn't be giving it out, but GoDaddy really really shouldn't be using it as some sort of ID verification. One of these is kinda dumb, the other is weapons-grade dumb.

    6. Re:the moral of the story by ArhcAngel · · Score: 5, Funny

      gmail would have worked. Google never answers the phone or email support requests anyway.

      --
      "A person is smart. People are dumb, panicky dangerous animals and you know it." - K
    7. Re:the moral of the story by Antipater · · Score: 4, Insightful

      How in the world is that the conclusion you came to? Hiroshima's Twitter handle, in this case, was simply the thing-of-value stolen by the extortionist. The story would have unfolded exactly the same way for a 2-digit Slashdot UID, or a valuable physical object, or just plain old cash. This story is about the method of extortion, not about the target.

      If a friend says "I got mugged," do you reply "well, you shouldn't have been carrying a wallet"?

      --
      Everything is better with chainsaws.
    8. Re: the moral of the story by scubamage · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Because Danica Patrick in skimpy clothing sells.

    9. Re:the moral of the story by Em+Adespoton · · Score: 5, Informative

      They gave away the last four digits of the guy's credit card to a stranger...

      Not to defend PayPal, but the last 4 digits are often not treated as particularly secret. They put it on your credit receipts, many sites show them to help you figure out which card you have registered with them... Yeah, PayPal shouldn't be giving it out, but GoDaddy really really shouldn't be using it as some sort of ID verification. One of these is kinda dumb, the other is weapons-grade dumb.

      I know it's common practice, but it really shouldn't be -- the last four digits of your credit card number are really 3 digits plus the Luhn check. That means that with that string, you can test out all the number combinations and arrive at a significantly narrowed set of possible credit card numbers.

      Take for example American Express -- the first 4 digits are known (they're the card ID). If you give away the last four digits, that's 3 digits and Luhn. That means that you now have only 8 unknown digits, and they have to be in a permutation that totals with the other 7 digits to the proper Luhn total. In effect, this means that you can also reliably guess the 5th and 12th digit (as they're paired with the known digits and have an extremely limited set of permutations for the remaining 6 -- only a few hundred for in-my-head calculations.

      That may still sound like a lot, but it means that if you have access to the last four digits of 1,000 cards, you're likely going to get the correct card number on the first try on a significant portion of them.

      Summary: the last number of a credit card shouldn't be given out, as it tells a lot more about the entire number than it appears at first glance.

    10. Re:the moral of the story by Immerman · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Seconded. Pretty much everyone throws around the last four indiscriminately - hell, they're sent unencrypted in pretty much every order receipt emailed by anyone in the world. Using them for authentication is extremely stupid.

      --
      --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
    11. Re:the moral of the story by Obfuscant · · Score: 5, Informative

      I know it's common practice, but it really shouldn't be -- the last four digits of your credit card number are really 3 digits plus the Luhn check. That means that with that string, you can test out all the number combinations and arrive at a significantly narrowed set of possible credit card numbers.

      It doesn't matter where the check digit is, the fact that it exists changes a 16 digit number into a 15 digit one. (And AMEX is an exception, they're only 15 to start with.) I can give you three digits and the "check" and you will need to guess the other 7 (because one of the 8 is constricted by checksum), or I give you four digits and you guess 7 more and calculate the check.

      Once you have the bank and the last four, it is still 7 you get to guess at and the 8th is still limited by having to meet the check.

      but it means that if you have access to the last four digits of 1,000 cards, you're likely going to get the correct card number on the first try on a significant portion of them.

      One in 10 to the 7th power for each one, right on the first guess, assuming you know the first four from the bank for each one. Let's see, the chance of getting it wrong is 1-1e7, so getting all 1000 wrong is (1-1e7)^1000. I get 0.99990. Very close to 1, but about 1/10,000. Odds say you won't get any of them right on the first guess.

      And of course, now that I look up the actual Luhn algorithm it is clear that giving you the check digit actually doesn't help you as much as giving you one of the real digits would. If you have to guess 8 digits that match the check I've given you, you will get false positives for all the failure modes listed in the reference, but if I give you an extra digit you'll have one less digit to get wrong.

  2. Re:"Social engineering" by hawkinspeter · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Who, the person working at GoDaddy? Or the owner of the domain for using GoDaddy?

    --
    You're a temporary arrangement of matter sliding towards oblivion in a cold, uncaring universe
  3. Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by Rinisari · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Methinks if Mr. Hiroshima had the funds available, or pro-bono lawyer stepped in, there's grounds for a lawsuit against at least PayPal if not also GoDaddy.

    1. Re:Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by squiggleslash · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Why Paypal?

      The last four digits of your credit card are printed on pretty much every receipt, shown on every order confirmation page, every "My account saved credit cards" screen, and are usually shown in addition to an expiration date. That's information that's never been considered confidential - quite the opposite indeed. It's pretty much public information.

      GoDaddy was insane to consider it valid authentication information. You might just as well treat someone's name as their password.

      --
      You are not alone. This is not normal. None of this is normal.
    2. Re:Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by rudy_wayne · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Why Paypal?

      The last four digits of your credit card are printed on pretty much every receipt, shown on every order confirmation page, every "My account saved credit cards" screen, and are usually shown in addition to an expiration date. That's information that's never been considered confidential - quite the opposite indeed. It's pretty much public information.

      True, but irrelevant. Think about that for a minute -- you call PayPal and tell them:

      "I have forgotten the last 4 digits of my credit card number, can you give them to me".

      In what bizzaro parallel universe does that even make sense? There is no amount of "social engineering" that can explain why you need someone to tell you the last 4 digits of YOUR credit card.

      PayPal needs to be reamed for such a major fuck up.

    3. Re:Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by femtobyte · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "I have forgotten the last 4 digits of my credit card number, can you give them to me".

      "Hi, Paypal phone service person, I recently switched banks, and I think I might need to update my card info. I forget if I did this earlier --- can you tell me which card you've already got on file for me? Just the last four digits would be enough, thanks."

    4. Re:Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by codegen · · Score: 5, Insightful

      "I have forgotten the last 4 digits of my credit card number, can you give them to me".

      "Hi, Paypal phone service person, I recently switched banks, and I think I might need to update my card info. I forget if I did this earlier --- can you tell me which card you've already got on file for me? Just the last four digits would be enough, thanks."

      In an ideal universe: "Sir, if you tell me the last four digits of the card number, I can tell you if you updated it."

      --
      Atlas stands on the earth and carries the celestial sphere on his shoulders.
    5. Re:Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by femtobyte · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Right, in an ideal universe everyone would follow security-conscious procedures. In the real universe, the phone service rep is a minimum-wage worker in a foreign country, whose top priority is keeping down their time-per-call-resolution metric. Quickly helping a friendly, innocent, and clueless-sounding customer, versus remembering and strictly following every procedure in the 400-page employee handbook, doesn't always happen. That's why social engineering works --- the system is not designed for maximum security rigor, but for cutting corners on call-answering costs.

    6. Re:Sounds like a lawsuit waiting to happen by femtobyte · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I never meant to imply at all that the phone service rep was stupid --- rather, they're a person caught in a system that forces them to act stupidly. The person answering the phone probably has a big timer counting down how long they've got to answer the call to keep up their quota. Despite any "official" procedures for security, the real institutional pressures are centered around cost-cutting and quickly getting people off the line. A conscientious worker who studiously prompts callers for rigorous proof of identity before letting slip the least bit of personal information will be out of a job quick, when their performance is compared against far more "efficient" peers. I did not use "foreign" to imply inferiority of foreigners' intelligence, but rather the dysfunctional results of All-American corporate management who put short-term corner cutting above all else. Minimum-pay, minimally-trained call centers in the cheapest distant locations are a symptom rather than a cause of the system that creates poor security.

  4. Don't think custom domains were his problem by egranlund · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Avoid custom domains for your login email address

    Honestly, I don't think that would have helped. I doubt it's much harder to gain control of someone's gmail, yahoo or hotmail account if they are as motivated as it sounds like his attacker was.

    Once you gain control of anyone's email account, even if the attacker doesn't have custom domains to hold for ransom, they could easily threaten bank accounts, etc etc.

  5. Re:Two-factor on GoDaddy? by jaymz666 · · Score: 5, Interesting

    the godaddy person let him keep trying various numbers until it worked. How can you trust them when it comes to security at all.

    These companies need to be held accountable for their actions.

  6. lawsuit by internerdj · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I'd be talking to a lawyer. Sounds like someone at Paypal owes $50k to Mr. Hiroshima.

    1. Re:lawsuit by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 4, Informative

      Patience may be rewarded. Somebody will start using @N at some point, and that person will have a money trail to the criminal.

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
  7. Stupid people prevent us from having secure things by jader3rd · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This is a story about how 'real' people hate secure things. Nerds are all about creating encryption and security that requires knowing a secret key. Real world people deal with the fact that they forget secret keys, and want companies to restore their data for them. So for companies to keep customers, they have to create workarounds for the secret keys.

    As a result the only way to for sure secure something, is to not depend upon companies who have 'real' people for customers.

  8. Multiple credit cards by Dan+East · · Score: 5, Insightful

    When the Target data breach happened, I commented here about some of the advantages to using throw-away, preload credit cards (which limits your potential loss and allows you to quickly switch to an entirely different account if you feel the other might be compromised). I was modded down by people who have bought into the whole big-bank credit card racket, and the attitude "why should I worry, when the bank is responsible and I'll eventually get my money back". Well here is yet another advantage of using preloaded credit cards. You load money on it, pay your annual hosting fees, etc, and then just toss it and get another next year to make the next annual payment. This story illustrates the advantages of using an entirely different credit card per service, so the card you use with Godaddy is not the same as you use with Paypal.

    Yes, yes, it will cost you $3 each time you load a card to make that yearly payment, but you can decide for yourself what that extra $3 can buy you.

    --
    Better known as 318230.
    1. Re:Multiple credit cards by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 4, Informative

      Nothing, really, since the bank will eat the costs of the fraud. It's annoying, yes, and it's a bit of a hassle, but generally you aren't buying much of value for that $3.

      For Mr. Hiroshima, that $3 would have apparently bought him continued ownership of his single-letter Twitter account.

  9. Should not be to difficult to get it back by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 4, Insightful

    After all Twitter knows which new eMail-address is holding @N. Should not be to hard to figure the real person behind it. And simply asking Twitter to hand it back should also work.

    --
    Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  10. Re:I must be missing something. by geogob · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That's totally absurd. I can't believe a service provider like Godaddy has no record history or history of customer information change. Of course, this historical informaiton may not be available to the first level of customer support. But come on... that shouldn't be the end of it.

    Actually, I'm surprised that a service like Godaddy doesn't have checks in place for cases like this. An account where ALL the customer information is changed within a short period of time, should raise alarm bells. The owner, under the contact information previously available, should automatically be contacted.

  11. Re:comeuppance? by Antipater · · Score: 5, Insightful

    "It's entirely your fault that a thief held a gun to your wife's head and demanded your Babe Ruth-autographed baseball. If you didn't have a Babe Ruth-autographed baseball in the first place, it never would have happened."

    --
    Everything is better with chainsaws.
  12. Nope by ledow · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This is like kidnap or a mugging. At no point do I have an actual incentive to give in to such a person's demands. "We won't hurt you / them / your website if you do X". I have *absolutely* no guarantee of that.

    I *cannot* win. If I do everything you request, you could still trash my domain / stab me anyway / kill your hostage and there's nothing I can do to stop that.

    As such, non-compliance is no different to compliance in such a situation. So why voluntarily give them MORE power over you / your assets?

    As it is you would have to wipe servers, settings, email etc. and start again even if they did honout their agreement.

    But then, you have to remember, this person is already committing a crime... what's in their conscience that will make them honourcan agreement concerning that crime.

    Let them squirm, report them, regain control when you can, then purge their access from your systems.

    Anything else is just stupid.

  13. What you don't know... by Junta · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Is that the current controller of N is legitimate, and *this* story is the social engineering attack to get control of it.

    --
    XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve the problem, use more.
  14. It goes deeper than GoDaddy, unfortunately. by An+Ominous+Cow+Erred · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Simply put -- consumers can't be trusted to be able to deal with complex secure authentication schemes. That's why there's so many easy-to-guess "What city did you grow up in?" password-reset functions. There are so many weak links in the chain of trust, it takes a concerted effort on the individual's part to secure it.

    The CEO of Cloudflare fell victim to this when someone CONVINCED AT&T TO REROUTE HIS VOICEMAIL, starting a chain of events that wound up with the interloper having complete control over Cloudflare and the myriad of sites that use CF (and therefore trust it to send legitimate data).

    It's a bit exciting/fascinating to read about the chain of events, (particularly the timeline):

    http://blog.cloudflare.com/the...

    http://blog.cloudflare.com/pos...

  15. Multi-factor authentication on GoDaddy by marcgvky · · Score: 4, Interesting

    I am a GoDaddy customer and had a problem with my ex-partner: he tried to social engineer his way into grabbing control of our domains/email accounts, hosted by GoDaddy. Subsequently, I enabled a feature that GoDaddy offers. GoDaddy sends a text message that I must respond with. This extra factor is required for all changes, now. People should enable this feature, regardless of where you host your email. It makes it impossible to social engineer your way past a customer service rep.

  16. Re:"Social engineering" by Immerman · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That would be Paypal that gave out the last four digits. And really, that's not at all uncommon - you can usually get that information from just about anyone who's holding your credit card information "Hi, I wanted to confirm which card I have associated with this account. Are the last four digits 1234? No, they're 8462? Ah, that explains it, thank you." Hell, they tend to be listed on every single email receipt sent unencrypted across the internet.

    GoDaddy is still on the hook in my eyes though - given the completely unsecure treatment of the last four by pretty much everyone, using it for any sort of authentication purposes is completely asinine.

    --
    --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.
  17. Re:"Social engineering" by Joce640k · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Of course, the customer support rep wants to be helpful, and the person already knows the other account identifiers... so the idea of fraud never crosses their mind.

    Um, they don't have to make a fraud/non fraud. The policy should be to never give out details. Ever.

    --
    No sig today...
  18. Re:"Social engineering" by Joce640k · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Hi, I wanted to confirm which card I have associated with this account. Are the last four digits 1234?

    "Our policy is to never give out that sort of information on the 'phone. Why don't you log into your account and check?"

    --
    No sig today...