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Radar Expert Explains How To Cheaply Add Radar To Your Own Hardware Projects

szczys writes "Gregory Charvat has been playing with and teaching others about entry-level radar concepts for a long time. Now he's sat down and explained how you can do it yourself inexpensively. He says, 'One enabling technology for Radar was the cathode ray tube (CRT), which facilitated a method of measuring the time delay between transmitted and received waveforms. ... Today, rather than using a CRT we can use high-speed digitizers. This offers the obvious advantage of applying signal processing to acquired data so that only moving targets are detected, tracking can be achieved, imaging, and a multitude of other modes. But for hobbyist and consumer projects we do not need this much power, range, and can not afford the cost. We need the ability to sense like a long range radar (detecting only moving targets, imaging, Doppler, signatures, etc) but at short ranges and at low costs.' Charvat then proceeds to walk through several options for the amatuer hardware hacker."

46 of 69 comments (clear)

  1. What's in car bumpers? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    What tech do auto makers use for the proximity detectors in car bumpers?

    Seems like that'd be an inexpensive, short range detector, even if it's not radar.

    1. Re:What's in car bumpers? by jonwil · · Score: 1

      I have a family member with a Ford Focus. This has reversing sensors that warn you if you are about to reverse into something.

      Whatever tech those are using seems like it would be good to try out.

    2. Re:What's in car bumpers? by stox · · Score: 3, Informative

      Utrasonic SONAR is used for parking proximity parking sensors.

      --
      "To those who are overly cautious, everything is impossible. "
    3. Re:What's in car bumpers? by khellendros1984 · · Score: 1
      FTFA:

      Additional impulse radar systems are being manufactured in quantity for automotive applications (blind spot detection, parking aids, etc), but details on these are not easy to find unless you directly engage the manufacturers. Manufacturers of automotive radar equipment include, Delphi, Continental, TRW, Bosch, Denso, and Autoliv.

      Some vehicles may use sonar. The article claims that at least come manufacturers are using a form of radar.

      --
      It is pitch black. You are likely to be eaten by a grue.
    4. Re:What's in car bumpers? by RabidReindeer · · Score: 1

      What tech do auto makers use for the proximity detectors in car bumpers?

      Seems like that'd be an inexpensive, short range detector, even if it's not radar.

      Ultrasonic. They were selling experimenter units at Radio Shack when I was in there last month. For general use, not specifically for automotive mounting. I think in retail, they're about $30.

    5. Re:What's in car bumpers? by RabidReindeer · · Score: 1

      I have a family member with a Ford Focus. This has reversing sensors that warn you if you are about to reverse into something.

      Whatever tech those are using seems like it would be good to try out.

      At least "trickle down" works in automotive tech. First I learned about them was when I tried to back a rented Lincoln into a wall and the alert went off. Thankfully.

      Now there's backup cameras in the new Honda Civic.

    6. Re:What's in car bumpers? by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Funny

      Ffft, we had an audible proximity alarm in our car before it became fancy. When you heard the bumper crunch, you knew you went too far.

      So it was very close proximity. So?

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    7. Re:What's in car bumpers? by anubi · · Score: 1

      What tech do auto makers use for the proximity detectors in car bumpers?

      How about these?

      --
      "Prove all things; hold fast that which is good." [KJV: I Thessalonians 5:21]

    8. Re:What's in car bumpers? by _merlin · · Score: 1

      Radar tends to be used for the collision avoidance features rather than the parking assistance stuff.

    9. Re:What's in car bumpers? by drkim · · Score: 3, Insightful

      What tech do auto makers use for the proximity detectors in car bumpers?

      Ultrasonics. Just like the old Polaroid Camera auto-focus.

      http://www.northerntool.com/sh...

    10. Re:What's in car bumpers? by RabidReindeer · · Score: 1

      Ffft, we had an audible proximity alarm in our car before it became fancy. When you heard the bumper crunch, you knew you went too far.

      So it was very close proximity. So?

      I detected a Cadillac that way once, alas.

  2. Re:My interest by Anrego · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Dunno about where you live, but around here, police use LIDAR which is much more difficult to deal with for the would be detector/jammer.

    LIDAR is pretty much impossible to detect until it's pointing right at you, at which point the best you can do is try to jam it long enough to slow down (which is pretty damn obvious when the cops LIDAR gun goes nuts as soon as he points it at your car).

  3. MIT OCW by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1
    --
    Ezekiel 23:20
  4. Easier now, but not new to ham radio guys by mpoulton · · Score: 4, Interesting

    The new single-chip radar solutions and FMCW radar modules are definitely much easier to use and more capable than what was available just a few years ago, but DIY radar is nothing new. Amateur radio operators have been playing with radar guns and door sensors for decades, and doing some pretty interesting things with them. I remember reading photocopies of articles from QST from the 1970's that explained how to hack door sensors to make speed detectors, as well as using them for long-distance voice and video transmission with parabolic reflectors. People have also been playing with marine radar, which is considerably more expensive but still affordable for a dedicated experimenter.

    --
    I am a geek attorney, but not your geek attorney unless you've already retained me. This is not legal advice.
    1. Re:Easier now, but not new to ham radio guys by anubi · · Score: 1

      Here are the little doppler 10GHz radar toys I have been playing around with. I had been playing around with a boxful of old radar detector returns - being I had a lot of horns, I put the Gunn diode at the focal point of one and aimed it out, then watched for multipath doppler at the other receiving horns. My intent was to triangulate from several receivers and from that deduce the location of anything moving in the field. Never got that one to work the way I wanted it to... and it drew too much power to boot.

      Anyway, I have been lately playing around with these. Cheap. You get a frequency out in the hertz region, with its amplitude and frequency representing the size and speed of the object being sensed. This thing is from what I can tell is the same technology used in supermarket door sensors. Personally, I like hooking them up to variable frequency audio oscillators so if I get woke up in the middle of the night and I think something's in the house... just keep real still and anything moving at all will show up as variances in pitch - and you know right quick if something is moving around anywhere in the house.

      --
      "Prove all things; hold fast that which is good." [KJV: I Thessalonians 5:21]

  5. Silly Acronyms by WiiVault · · Score: 2, Funny

    What is a CRT? It it pronounced like Kurt, or CeeeArrrrrTeeee? Do they come with any cool apps? I do like the idea of my own ray tube though. Sounds pretty up and coming. Anybody know of any upcoming IPOs investing in this tech?

    1. Re:Silly Acronyms by tjb6 · · Score: 1

      It's like a CRO, but considered more general purpose, more entertaining, but less useful to the tech head.
      Which is funny, as the average CRT just hums gently, while a CROw is pretty noises (Vaaark!)

    2. Re:Silly Acronyms by MildlyTangy · · Score: 1

      What is a CRT? It it pronounced like Kurt, or CeeeArrrrrTeeee? Do they come with any cool apps? I do like the idea of my own ray tube though. Sounds pretty up and coming. Anybody know of any upcoming IPOs investing in this tech?

      If only there was a way a person could use Google to do a quick search to find out what a CRT is. If that were possible, then you wouldnt even need to spend all that time and effort to post a question on a Slashdot article in the vain hope somebody will tell you the answer.

      If only there was a way to use Google, everybodys life would be so much easier.

      Maybe some day a smart person will figure out a way to do this, but unfortunately it looks like you will have to wait for your answer. Sucks to be you.

    3. Re:Silly Acronyms by Mr+Z · · Score: 2

      It refers to the C Run Time, aka. the C standard library. Back in the day, only C programmers were able to operate radar. Nowadays, they can monitor radar with jQuery and node.js.

    4. Re:Silly Acronyms by WiiVault · · Score: 1

      Bingo! We have a winner.

    5. Re: Silly Acronyms by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      Whoosh.

      --
      deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
  6. Almost there by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Now if I can only find a shark...

  7. Re:My interest by camperdave · · Score: 2

    Dunno about where you live, but around here, police use LIDAR ...

    THAT's why I covered my ride in black velvet.

    --
    When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  8. probably ultrasonic. Lego, Radio Shack has it. by raymorris · · Score: 1

    Those are probably ultrasound. Ultrasound distance sensors are available at Radio Shack and included in Lego Mindstorm kits.

  9. Jargon file: hacker meant radio hardware before CS by raymorris · · Score: 1

    According the the Jargon File, the definitive dictionary of hacker terminology, the word "hacker" ORIGINALLY referred to radio experimenters who did things like make or modify radar units. Later, it was used to describe people doing similar hacks with computer systems.

  10. Re:My interest by NapalmV · · Score: 1

    So those "kids directing laser pointers towards airplanes" could in reality be officers mishandling their LIDARs? And, BTW, if pointing lasers at pilots/drivers is such a serious thing, why are police officers allowed to do it?

  11. Re:My interest by Electricity+Likes+Me · · Score: 4, Informative

    Well for one thing it's a low intensity infrared beam which is eye-safe and invisible.

  12. Re:My interest by Anrego · · Score: 2

    Kinda apples and grenades there..

    The low intensity _invisible to the human eye_ light from a LIDAR gun would never make it anywhere near an airplane, and even if it did, being invisible and all, it wouldn't matter.

    Additionally, they are usually of low enough intensity and/or in a non-eye-focusing wavelength to be completely safe to the human eye. YOu could literally stare right into one with no adverse effects.

  13. Re:My interest by morethanapapercert · · Score: 4, Interesting
    There are several companies which market license plate covers designed to obscure your plate when targeted by certain technologies. Polarized covers to defeat roadside speed cameras, prismatic covers to defeat overhead cameras from toll roads and so on.

    Problem is; most places in North America and I imagine Europe as well, already have laws on the books covering illegible or obscured registration tags and these covers often fall on the wrong side of the law. Personally, I'd rather get the speeding ticket than a missing/illegible plate ticket and would really really like to avoid any possible "obstruction of a police officer in the performance of his duties" charge.

    Something else to consider; based on what seems to be the growing trend in the US: Do you want to get a speeding ticket which usually isn't a criminal act and only nets you a fine Or do you want to use a device whose (arguably) sole purpose is to break the law with impunity, leading to your car being declared as property used in the commission of a crime and confiscated? (while you get beaten half to death and charged with resisting arrest) If you speed, you are only in violation when you speed, but if you put a contraband plate cover on, you are in violation just parked on the street

    --
    I need a wheelchair van for my son. Help me get the word out. https://www.gofundme.com/wheelchair-van-for-jj
  14. Re:Jargon file: hacker meant radio hardware before by Ozoner · · Score: 1

    Well, It's wrong. A Hacker originally was anybody who built or modified electronics
    (not just Radar).

    I know, I was there.........

  15. any early citations in your attic (or PDP)? by raymorris · · Score: 1

    I don't suppose you have any early text using the term? The jargon file itself is pretty old now. If you have a clear use of the term much earlier it could be of historical interest to many people.

    Ozoner, would you say "I knew the original hacker. The original hacker was a friend of mine. Dan, you're no original hacker"? :)

    1. Re:any early citations in your attic (or PDP)? by danknight48 · · Score: 1

      I don't suppose you have any early text using the term? The jargon file itself is pretty old now. If you have a clear use of the term much earlier it could be of historical interest to many people.

      Seems referencing some proof to backup claims on Slashdot isnt the way to go anymore.

      Just look at my Google reference with 0 scores... :)

  16. Question about "Doppler Dilemma" by Miamicanes · · Score: 1

    For anybody who knows... could a radar system partly or completely side-step the Doppler Dilemma ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W... ) by doing DSS or FHSS and cycling through a sequence of different carrier frequencies from pulse to pulse?

    1. Re:Question about "Doppler Dilemma" by tuxicle · · Score: 1

      It's easier than that - use two blocks of different repetition frequencies (which gives two different Nyquist velocities), get two velocity readings. Some basic number theory will get you the right answer.

      Using two different carriers is going to alter the Nyquist velocity by such a small amount that it's not worth doing. Unless the carriers are very widely separated (go from say, 2.7 GHz to 5.8 GHz) but this requires a wideband (and necessarily low gain) antenna.

      That's not to say that FHSS is not used by weather radar - its purpose is to improve the quality of measurements by increasing the number of statistically independent samples that get averaged together.

  17. Re:My interest by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Might as well drive through a bunch of muddy puddles. Cheaper, and you can say "Sorry officer I didn't realize. I'll go wash it off as soon as I get home." Who knows, it might even work too.

    SHHH! It works only too well, my friend, especially in rural areas on a 4x4 ...

  18. jargon file predates Goog by 20 years, is a source by raymorris · · Score: 1

    Google finds content, it doesn't create content. Google found that definition somewhere, and we don't know where. Therefore citing Google is precisely the same thing as saying "some random web site says ..."

    Additionally, jargon file is maybe 20-25 years older than Google, so for the _original_ meaning of a term jargon file trumps Google by a long shot.

  19. Re:My interest by advocate_one · · Score: 1

    Most cars round where I live don't bother cleaning their number plates... the chances of actually being picked up by a ploice road patrol that could be bothered to do the stop are pretty slim. And if they were picked up, they have a simple excuse which should not really be allowed to stand as by law, your vehicle is supposed to be roadworthy which includes having legible plates and you're supposed to check certain things daily.

    --
    Donald 'Duck' Dunn: We had a band powerful enough to turn goat piss into gasoline.
  20. Re:My interest by AmiMoJo · · Score: 1

    Some adaptive cruise control systems (e.g. Nissan's) and laser parking sensors are known to interfere with speed guns using LIDAR. They are legal because they are a safety device, not a jamming device, and the police equipment just happens to be incompatible. That band (~900nm) is license free, interference is expected.

    --
    const int one = 65536; (Silvermoon, Texture.cs)
    SJW, n: "Someone I don't like, and by the way I'm a fuckwit" - AC
  21. Re:My interest by azav · · Score: 1

    I once knew a guy (20+ years ago) who had a microwave element mounted in front of his radiator, the radiator shielding him from the glorious waves. He had his radar detector wired to trigger the microwave when it detected a radar gun signal, effectively roasting the radar gun.

    At least this is what he told me.

    I think he did this after getting fed up with Connecticut State Troopers, their speed traps and unmarked Ford Tauruses and Jeeps pulling people over at 56 miles an hour. Setting my memory back to 20 - 30 years ago, I don't blame him one bit.

    --
    - Zav - Imagine a Beowulf cluster of insensitive clods...
  22. Re:My interest by morethanapapercert · · Score: 1
    I said "Polarized covers...prismatic covers...and so on" I did not explicitly say covers to defeat LIDAR I'll grant you. I did, however, implicitly include them in the "...and so on" part of my statement. There are companies which advertise sprays and covers intended to absorb or scatter the near IR wavelength laser light police LIDAR systems use.

    Speeding isn't the crime I was referring to, since most places consider most traffic offences to be a civil, not criminal offence. However, use of a device or substance to deliberately obscure your licence plate may or may not be part of the traffic code where you live, but rather covered by the criminal code. If use of a cover plate is considered a criminal act where you live, then the car is being used in the commission of a criminal act even when it's safely parked in your driveway. Having a plate obscured on a dirty vehicle by mud or snow is plausibly neglect, there's no clear proof of intent to evade the law. Thus; most police officers will give you a warning or a "fix-it ticket". But purchasing and installing a device whose sole advertised purpose is to evade detection by police as you break traffic laws inherently displays intent to do exactly that.

    Please note that I also said "...in the US". There have been numerous news stories about law abiding people being pulled over for no more reason than having a nice car with out of state plates, having their vehicles searched and cash confiscated as "proceeds of crime" even when there is NO other evidence of any crime. People who then try to protest this get beaten up and charged with resisting arrest. My reasoning is this: If certain officers and/or certain police departments are using any pretext at all to pull someone over and search for things they can confiscate to support their department financially, I certainly don't want to risk driving around with one of the license obscuring items on my car.

    --
    I need a wheelchair van for my son. Help me get the word out. https://www.gofundme.com/wheelchair-van-for-jj
  23. Re: My interest by rickb928 · · Score: 1

    A little more work with the jammer and the police will not easily figure out who it was, nor find the device.

    I'm intrigued. Low power radar ain't that hard to defeat. Lidar isn't either, and you don't need flares.

    --
    deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
  24. Re:My interest by mjwx · · Score: 1

    Dunno about where you live, but around here, police use LIDAR ...

    THAT's why I covered my ride in black velvet.

    The fact he's also a pimp is entirely coincidental.

    --
    Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
  25. Re:jargon file predates Goog by 20 years, is a sou by danknight48 · · Score: 1

    Google finds content, it doesn't create content. Google found that definition somewhere, and we don't know where. Therefore citing Google is precisely the same thing as saying "some random web site says ..."

    Additionally, jargon file is maybe 20-25 years older than Google, so for the _original_ meaning of a term jargon file trumps Google by a long shot.

    If Google cant find your "Jargon File", how the hell will i ever find it? lol

    Please, for the love of God, link this "Jargon File" and prove me wrong :)

  26. any of the first 15 Google results by raymorris · · Score: 1

    When I search, the first 15 Google results for Jargon file are correct. The third one is the entry for "hacker", which is interesting. In case your Google is broken, the primary copy is http://www.carb.org/jargon/

    Have you seen the xkcd about diet Coke and Mentos? It kind of expresses how I feel right now, getting the honor of introducing you to a classic bit of geekdom. Sergey and Larry almost surely would have read the Jargon File when they were in college.

  27. typo: catb.org, ESR's page by raymorris · · Score: 1

    My post has a typo. That should be http://www.catb.org/jargon/

    Catb is Eric S. Raymond's page. If you're not familiar with ESR yet, he's pretty awesome. I highly recommend two of his essays, "How to Ask Questions the Smart Way" and "the Cathedral and the Bazaar".

    1. Re:typo: catb.org, ESR's page by danknight48 · · Score: 1

      My post has a typo. That should be http://www.catb.org/jargon/

      Catb is Eric S. Raymond's page. If you're not familiar with ESR yet, he's pretty awesome. I highly recommend two of his essays, "How to Ask Questions the Smart Way" and "the Cathedral and the Bazaar".

      Thanks for the sharing the link, will have a good read :)