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The Hackers Who Recovered NASA's Lost Lunar Photos

An anonymous reader sends this story from Wired: "The Lunar Orbiter Image Recovery Project has since 2007 brought some 2,000 pictures back from 1,500 analog data tapes. They contain the first high-resolution photographs ever taken from behind the lunar horizon, including the first photo of an earthrise. Thanks to the technical savvy and DIY engineering of the team at LOIRP, it's being seen at a higher resolution than was ever previously possible. ... The photos were stored with remarkably high fidelity on the tapes, but at the time had to be copied from projection screens onto paper, sometimes at sizes so large that warehouses and even old churches were rented out to hang them up. The results were pretty grainy, but clear enough to identify landing sites and potential hazards. After the low-fi printing, the tapes were shoved into boxes and forgotten. ... The drives had to be rebuilt and in some cases completely re-engineered using instruction manuals or the advice of people who used to service them. The data they recovered then had to be demodulated and digitized, which added more layers of technical difficulties."

32 of 89 comments (clear)

  1. Hackers? by sunderland56 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Given the negative connotations of the word "hackers" - how about "dedicated engineers" instead?

    1. Re:Hackers? by ThatsDrDangerToYou · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Given the negative connotations of the word "hackers" - how about "dedicated engineers" instead?

      I prefer restoring the original meaning of the "hacker" badge to its original lofty meaning as "one who hacks and hacks and hacks in the manner of a dedicated engineer until it rocks." ... and this clearly rocks.

    2. Re:Hackers? by excelsior_gr · · Score: 4, Insightful

      The negative connotation to the word was given by the media. The people that know what they are talking about don't see it as negative.

    3. Re:Hackers? by ThatsMyNick · · Score: 2

      Well, it is time to bring back the positive connotations of the word "hackers"

    4. Re:Hackers? by Capt.DrumkenBum · · Score: 2

      I agree with you, but you and I don't get a vote. The next time someone convinces someones grandmother to give out their bank password there will be one more story in the media about evil hackers.
      Perhaps it is time to surrender. I gave in when they started calling this "." a dot. It hurt, but I got over it... Mostly.

      --
      If I were God, wouldn't I protect my churches from acts of me?
  2. Re: Hackers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    This is why there has always been a distinction among the technocrati between hackers (people who like figuring things out) and crackers (who figure out the exploits for personal gain).

    You're absolutely and completely positively right, "hacker" can't have two meanings... except that there are many words in the dictionary with 2 or more meanings.

    The technocrati dislike words with multiple meanings, so they tried to make multiple words for the concepts. But nobody listened, and now we're stuck with it. Want to fight it? Use the words as originally designated, not as mispopularized.

    Of course, that would mean that you would have to back off from your misunderstanding, and there's no possible way you could ever be wrong, so we have to deal with the impreciseness.

    Good job.

  3. Somewhat dissappointing headline by excelsior_gr · · Score: 4, Informative

    After reading the headline I thought that the lost Lunar landing footage was recovered, but it is sadly not the case.

    The actual story is still pretty cool, however.

    1. Re:Somewhat dissappointing headline by Zaiff+Urgulbunger · · Score: 2

      The actual story is still pretty cool, however.

      I love the photos, but I'd also like an article about the machines they restored/re-built/hacked to recover this stuff.

  4. Re:Hackers by JWSmythe · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Check your dictionary. Lots of things have two or more meanings.

    Among readers here, the preferred IT meaning is roughly "an expert who uses his knowledge to do things requiring extraordinary skills." It's not "the kid who tricked you into giving him your Facebook password."

    I'm curious, are you just a confused child, or a troll?

    --
    Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
  5. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 3, Funny

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  6. Re:Hackers by Zak3056 · · Score: 4, Funny

    "Hacker" can't have two meanings

    Which of course is why "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo" is not a valid sentence. Or, as Samuel L. Jackson would say, "English motherfucker! Do you speak it?"

    --
    What part of "shall not be infringed" is so hard to understand?
  7. Was this cheaper or more productive than ... by mmell · · Score: 3, Insightful
    ... just going back and taking more pictures?

    Probably.

    Is it as satisfying? No. I say it's time we go back for another firsthand look. Perhaps even land there and start doing more research - not into "what is the moon made of" or "where did the moon come from". More along the lines of "how can I build a profitable luxury hotel here?"

    1. Re:Was this cheaper or more productive than ... by canadiannomad · · Score: 4, Funny

      why not ask how we can set up a stock trading floor on the moon? you know, for the PROFIT!

      Well supposedly they are the most important part of our economy, and so if we want to start an economy up there then we really should start with the basics right?

      I suggest we send all the bankers and major stock brokers/exchanges up there first. Maybe we could even send them all the politicians, judges and lawyers thery need. Once they establish an economy we can send them less important things, like food, shelter, healthcare, breathable air, etc. ):D

      --
      Hmm, the humour and sarcasm seem to have been be lost on you.
    2. Re:Was this cheaper or more productive than ... by canadiannomad · · Score: 2

      "how can I build a profitable luxury hotel here?"

      Or how about a "for profit" prison?
      We send up low level criminals like students, pot users, computer hackers, political dissidents, etc up there... While they are in prison they can be taught a trade, like computer programming. Then when they get out tell them they have a debt to society for the trip up, housing, food, water, air, waste disposal, etc, not to mention if they want to return to earth... I'm sure only a few will pull together the required funds.
      Might not be legal in most countries on earth, but the moon doesn't have any laws, right?

      Damn, I'm feeling evil today >:D

      --
      Hmm, the humour and sarcasm seem to have been be lost on you.
    3. Re:Was this cheaper or more productive than ... by mjmcc · · Score: 5, Interesting

      These images contain irreproducible (and thus priceless) data. They show the moon as it appeared in 1966, which allows comparisons to be made to the same lunar areas today. Although the surface of the moon changes very very slowly, it does change. And these pictures may allow us to measure that change. Furthermore, as the article points out, some of the pictures also show the earth as of 1966, allowing comparisons to be made with the earth of today (i.e. the extent of Arctic ice).

  8. Re:Hackers by Kuroji · · Score: 2

    If you actually used that sentence in public they'd have you committed.

  9. Conspiracy theory by MidSpeck · · Score: 2

    Don't worry, there will still be people who claim the moon landings were faked.

  10. Re:Hackers by JWSmythe · · Score: 3, Informative

    Ah. Well, that's one of many. You'll also find "a person who chops wood", and the occasional uses of "a low quality writer" and "a taxi driver" Those last two are usually hacks, not hackers, but I've heard them referred to both ways.

    --
    Serious? Seriousness is well above my pay grade.
  11. Re:Hackers by pjt33 · · Score: 4, Funny

    I've never heard Samuel L. Jackson say that, although I have heard him say, "English, motherfucker! Do you speak it?"

  12. A foretaste... by argStyopa · · Score: 5, Insightful

    ...of what's to come.

    This data's barely 50 years old, of extremely high value (thus worth the extraordinary effort), and relatively low Size.
    We're talking about a couple of thousand high-resolution pictures, so what, each is perhaps what, 10 megabytes (they're all b&w)? So total of 20 gigs of images?

    I know people that take more picture data than that in a single 1st birthday party.

    And in 50 years, will it be gone?

    --
    -Styopa
    1. Re:A foretaste... by hawguy · · Score: 2

      ...of what's to come.

      This data's barely 50 years old, of extremely high value (thus worth the extraordinary effort), and relatively low Size.
      We're talking about a couple of thousand high-resolution pictures, so what, each is perhaps what, 10 megabytes (they're all b&w)? So total of 20 gigs of images?

      I know people that take more picture data than that in a single 1st birthday party.

      And in 50 years, will it be gone?

      When my grandmother died and we cleaned out her attic, we threw away a lot of old photos and 8mm movies because no one alive still knew who was in the pictures.

      Someday my thousands of digital photos will suffer the same fate -- when my computer is sold off for scrap and the credit card that pays my dropbox bill is canceled, they will all dissappear except for images that I've specifically chosen to pass on... as they should.

    2. Re:A foretaste... by uglyMood · · Score: 2

      Unfortunately, most people have the same impulse as you and your family: if they don't recognize the person in the photo, out it goes. What you need to realize is that in most cases it's not who the people in the photographs are that is important, it's what is behind them. The vast majority of lost information about the past is because no one at the time thought it was worth saving.

      --
      "No matter where you go, there you probably are." -- Buckaroo Heisenberg
    3. Re:A foretaste... by cusco · · Score: 3, Interesting

      I like the difference this demonstrates between this White House administration and the previous one, which first instructed NASA to "dispose of" old Mariner data and were so upset that NASA handed it over to the Planetary Society rather than shred it that they directly instructed NASA to destroy the still-unanalyzed Pioneer data later. (NASA administrators risked their jobs and pensions to get that data to the Planetary Society as well, with the result that today we have a likely solution to the 'Pioneer Anomaly'.) Obama ain't much, but he's better than what we had.

      --
      "Think about how stupid the average person is. Now, realise that half of them are dumber than that." - George Carlin
    4. Re:A foretaste... by silentcoder · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Don't be so sure, we think of history as the big things politicians, generals and kings do - but historians tend not to care much about those, if only because they are already as well documented as they are going to be.
      Generally historians are more interested in the end in how ordinary people LIVED at that time.

      One of the most valuable archeological digs ever found from the Roman occupation in Britain was an old trash-heap, because on it we found lots of things which were thrown away as worthless then - but because of that were valuable now as they hadn't been preserved through the usual channels. We found a letter sent from Rome to the wife of a Roman soldier telling stories of what the family has been up to. We found an early forerunner of the ipad (a wax covered slab on which you could scribble notes with a stylus, a quick heat-up let you smooth out the scribbles and reuse it).

      Some of the most insightful pictures we have of more recent events like the American Civil War or the Anglo-Boer war were pictures no newspaper would publish - family pictures which show what the fashions were for example.

      The point is - there is absolutely no way of predicting upfront what will have historical value someday, and the things we tend to assume will have none have a tendency to become the most valuable EXACTLY BECAUSE it was NOT valued at the time and this means that to future historians - those will be rare finds.

      --
      Unicode killed the ASCII-art *
    5. Re:A foretaste... by scsirob · · Score: 2

      Fully agree with you here. Add to that the recent advances in technology that gave us the 'benefits' of encryption, DRM, proprietary formats etc, and you can rest assured that no-one will be able to recover data from this era one hundred years from now. We are living in the digital Dark Age right now.

      --
      To Terminate, or not to Terminate, that's the question - SCSIROB
  13. Re:Hackers by Darinbob · · Score: 4, Funny

    Sometimes the comma gets lost in an accent.

  14. Re:Was this cheaper or more productive than... by bikin · · Score: 3, Funny

    But remember to keep the phone sanitizers.

  15. Re:Hackers by MrKaos · · Score: 2

    "Hacker" can't have two meanings and the efforts to muddy the definition is a transparent attempt to lessen the stigma attached to breaking into computer systems and stealing other people's shit.

    I think your comment is the epitome of the evolving idiocracy that ignorance and anonymity allows. What's it like to be on the cutting edge of stupid?

    Long before you even heard the word "Hacker" the saying went You hack to learn, you don't learn to hack. Repeat this over and over.

    --
    My ism, it's full of beliefs.
  16. Re:Hackers by Zak3056 · · Score: 2

    I've never heard Samuel L. Jackson say that, although I have heard him say, "English, motherfucker! Do you speak it?"

    You know, I noticed the missing comma the second after I hit submit, and, this being slashdot, I was absolutely sure someone would call me on it. Punctuation is the difference between saying, "Let's eat, grandma," and "Let's eat grandma!" just like capitalization is the difference between helping your Uncle Jack off a horse, and helping your uncle jack off a horse.

    --
    What part of "shall not be infringed" is so hard to understand?
  17. 10 megabytes? by dutchwhizzman · · Score: 2

    I wouldn't want to be the one to give an estimate on how much bytes are required to adequately store the analogue data on the tapes. It could very well be ten times as much or even more. Depending on the quality of the recording, it could very well be that you'd need 32 bits per pixel and the sample rate you could achieve might mean there could be billions of pixels per image in useful data in the recordings. All of a sudden you could be dealing with multiple gigabytes per image in raw data. Derivatives with processed image data might raise that number substantially again.

    --
    I was promised a flying car. Where is my flying car?
    1. Re:10 megabytes? by Tunefix · · Score: 2

      According to this page: http://www.moonviews.com/2013/... the images are ~600MB in a tiff format. So for 2000 images, that adds up tp 1,2 PB (Or 1,144 PiB)

  18. "Hacker's Heaven" by Ozoner · · Score: 2

    The term "Hacker" has multiple meanings, but in this context it originally referred to hardware guru's,
    eg, Amateur Radio enthusiasts, etc. It dates back to well before software hobbyists.

    I remember a wonderful electronics hardware shop that called itself "Hacker's Heaven".

    Apparently it had to change it's name when the idiot media gave the term a negative context.