Slashdot Mirror


'Godfather of Ecstasy,' Chemist Sasha Shulgin Dies Aged 88

EwanPalmer (2536690) writes "Alexander 'Sasha' Shulgin, the chemist, pharmacologist and author known for popularizing the drug MDMA as well as creating and synthesizing hundreds of psychoactive drugs, has died aged 88. Shulgin was known for discovering, creating and personally testing hundreds of psychoactive chemicals and documenting the results, along with his wife, in his books and papers. He is also known for introducing the positive aspects of MDMA to psychologists, which in term helped it become a popular recreational drug in the 1980s." With less irritation from auto-playing video sound, try the BBC.

20 of 164 comments (clear)

  1. It's just sad... by Jahoda · · Score: 2, Interesting

    How sad it is that psychoactive chemicals like this and LSD, which have been well demonstrated to have profoundly positive psychological effects (under responsible use) still cannot be used by responsible, grown adults? They can be the key to truly overcoming the psychological demons seem to be the human condition, and unlocked our true potential as self-aware, well-adjusted human beings.

    1. Re:It's just sad... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      That's too black and white especially when there are people like me that have extremely addictive personalities. You probably don't know much about that, and if you don't be glad because it's not easy. I'm the type if 100 will kill me I'll take 99 and there is no calming the beast, all reason goes out the window until I get that 99. I cannot even answer why I'm like that because I don't even understand it myself.

      I am the gray.

    2. Re:It's just sad... by vux984 · · Score: 2

      let me introduce you to this little drug called 'alcohol', and his friends caffeine & nicotine

      Let me introduce you to water and the effect of water intoxication, a potentially fatal disturbance to brain functioning that results from drinking too much water.

      Anything is toxic in sufficient quantities. What matters is dose, abuse factors, and so on. While one can abuse ANYTHING a morning cup of coffee is NOT the same thing as taking LSD.

      Alcohol, caffeine etc are also both 'traditional' and 'natural'. That's not to say they are less potent per se, but it is not inconsistent or wrong for society to have different acceptance of alcohol vs lsd simply due to the history. Alcohol has a long and respected history - craftsman making beer, wine, scotch etc compete over taste not 'how drunk you get'. There is a long and well respected culture behind it.

      LSD has no such traditions. Its just a chemical to get you high. It has medicinal value -- and I'd support making it a prescription drug. But there's no reason to sell LSD next to the pop at 7-11.

      If alcohol were 'invented' today, sure we might well make it a prescription drug, but it wasn't, so its not, and its got all this other stuff going on. So it gets special treatment... that's life.

    3. Re:It's just sad... by koreanbabykilla · · Score: 2

      Phenethylamines. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P...

      Phenethylamine /fnlmin/ (PEA), -phenethylamine, or phenylethylamine is an organic compound and a natural monoamine alkaloid, a trace amine, and also the name of a class of chemicals with many members well known for psychoactive drug and stimulant effects.[1] Phenylethylamine functions as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system.[2] It is biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine by enzymatic decarboxylation. In addition to its presence in mammals, phenethylamine is found in many other organisms and foods, such as chocolate, especially after microbial fermentation. It is sold as a dietary supplement for purported mood and weight loss-related therapeutic benefits; however, orally ingested phenethylamine experiences extensive first-pass metabolism by monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), which turns it into phenylacetic acid. This prevents significant concentrations from reaching the brain in low doses.[3][4]

      The group of phenethylamine derivatives is referred to as the phenethylamines. Substituted phenethylamines, substituted amphetamines, and substituted methylenedioxyphenethylamines (MDxx) are a series of broad and diverse classes of compounds derived from phenethylamine that include stimulants, psychedelics, and entactogens, as well as anorectics, bronchodilators, decongestants, and antidepressants, among others.

    4. Re:It's just sad... by scubamage · · Score: 2

      Some drugs do lead to brain damage. For instance, there was a study (later retracted) which showed 3,4 MDMA caused brain damage in recreational doses in rhesus monkeys. The study was retracted because the chemical provider had goofed, and provided pure reagent grade methamphetamine instead of MDMA. So, while MDMA was clinically safe, it put a BIG warning sign on meth, and for good reason.

    5. Re:It's just sad... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Some people find the drug that fucks them up real good, and its THAT drug thats bad. Except for some other dude its perfectly fine.

      I know a guy who closed himself up after a bad trip on LSD became a shallow husk of himself, another women who after a month or two on Pot went crazy (literally).
      And me. i had severe paranoia attacks on Meth and consequently E (which are mostly Meth and MDMA an sometimes a little LSD for good measure).

      I can onyl speak for myself here... I was a loner and a nerd, found a group of friends and we all did drugs together. Pot, LSD, E's, Meth, Coke.. My favorite was LSD and E, but i noticed that over a period of a few years i became more and more paranoid when i took Meth and E, but i didnt stop because its what we did. every weekend out partying doing lots of drugs. It was a blast until it became a bad trip EVERY time.
      Still i did not stop, until one day it fucked me up real good! I became so paranoid i could not leave the house, thought every one was out to get me and all that standard bullshit lol
      Thankfully that mostly went away with time, several years in fact.

      But i was no victim of "bad drugs", i chose this. all of it, even if i was a stupid kid who didnt know shit.

      And if you think im a naysayer i should tell you i still smoke Pot whenever i can, and i even do Meth now and then.
      And if i ever get my hands on som Shrooms or LSD il take those too!

      Does this mean im a drug addict? Or am i just using the tools that are available to me, so that i can see/do/think things one normally would not be able to do in the "normal" state? I choose to think the latter.

      The lesson to take from this, for anyone who cares to read it is this: Do your drug(s) in moderation, and at least try to take a break now and then. You body and your brain will thank you!

    6. Re:It's just sad... by Mr.CRC · · Score: 2

      Don't you understand? We can win the war on drugs but we need more funding for police, the DEA, the FBI, the NSA, more crates of guns to send to Mexican drug lords, more police powers to search anyone at any time for any reason, and even for no reason, and to get Afganistan under control. We can do this!

  2. And for those that weren't aware by mugetsu37 · · Score: 5, Informative

    He also wrote two books on these experiments, Pihkal and Tihkal, both of which are part fictional autobiography, part detailed instructions on how to synthesize a lot of what he discovered. They're interesting reads, at the least.

    1. Re:And for those that weren't aware by Opportunist · · Score: 2

      Before anyone goes "oh no, he tells you how to make drugs": No. Despite containing "recipes" for a lot of psychoactive chemicals, they don't work well as a "hobbyist cookbook to easy highs".

      In a nutshell, if you can follow his "formula", you not only know what you're doing, you also have a rather well stocked lab and access to many things the average person could not even get his hands on by illegal means. So if you CAN follow his lead, you don't really need to, chances are, you did a long, long time ago if you are this good a chemist and interested in psychoactive drugs.

      So what is left is that they are great to read (I especially enjoy his "trip reports"). You may consider the formulae given as a way to preserve these findings, so maybe a more enlightened world may still remember them in the future when we finally overcome our irrational fear of drugs and can actually have a level headed discussion about them.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  3. Saw the old man 10 years ago by TheCarp · · Score: 2

    A friend of mine called me up and told me he was presenting a talk at MIT so we went. It was amazing to see a nearly 80 year old man bouncing around. He is the same age as my Grandmother, yet he had more energy and was more with it than she was at 60.

    It was a really great talk; I could watch him talk about his "dirty pictures" all day long.

    Very sad day but, it had to come someday.

    --
    "I opened my eyes, and everything went dark again"
    1. Re:Saw the old man 10 years ago by leathered · · Score: 2

      It was amazing to see a nearly 80 year old man bouncing around. He is the same age as my Grandmother, yet he had more energy and was more with it than she was at 60.

      I'd love to know his secret.

      --
      For all intensive porpoises your a bunch of rediculous loosers
    2. Re:Saw the old man 10 years ago by TheCarp · · Score: 2

      > I'd love to know his secret.

      Honestly, I think its that he kept active and kept working on things that excited and interested him.

      If you understand the basics of what the human mind does, matching patterns and re-wiring itself to respond to them better, if you have seen the research on dementia and alzheimers and the evidence that novel environments that keep the mind active and experiencing new things can mean drastic differences....

      Is it really any surprise that when comparing a person who has mostly spent the last 30 years watching TV isn't in as good a place in terms of energy or mental capacity as someone who kept working, kept experiencing new things, and kept interacting with people?

      --
      "I opened my eyes, and everything went dark again"
    3. Re:Saw the old man 10 years ago by ClownPenis · · Score: 2

      He didn't actually discover MDMA. He discovered the psychoactive properties of it.
      He probably looked at its molecular structure and "had a feeling" it would be psychoactive.

  4. Not just the Godfather of Ecstasy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    He was much more than just the Godfather of Ecstasy. A brilliant chemist who wanted to unlock the secrets of the brain and the inner workings of the mind and soul. He was bigger than just one drug, his work was far more important than just the Rave culture. He won't be understood in his own time and his contributions will not be fully understood for hundreds of years. Once humanity has decided that chemical and substance research can be of great use to mankind, his contributions will finally be recognized.

    Rest in Peace, Sasha.

  5. Re:And thousands of candy ravers ... by Opportunist · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Better? Say, where is that magical land where the drugs are BETTER today?

    If anything, you get more junk, more crap, more additives and less of the good stuff.

    --
    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  6. Re:Drugs can be bad mmkay! by sosume · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Shulgin's work had nothing to do with weed, addictive drugs or getting a body high.
    He invented and classified an entire new spectrum of chemicals closely related to the brain's chemicals such as serotonine. He tried to synthesize every possible combination, moving the amino groups around, substituting existing compounds with allyl or methoxy groups, and experimented with all these chemicals on himself with precise procedures to ensure his safety. These chemicals have proven to be extremely powerful consciousness-altering drugs, active at just a few milligrams, producing profound mind-bending effects and providing an unparalleled insight in the inner workings of the mind and its chemical balance.
    He has provided the public with detailed descriptions of these chemicals, both synthesis and their subjective effects. He never profited financially and risked his life and freedom many times just to chase this knowledge. (And have great sex, as he states in his books). Alexander Shulgin was a genius, and the way society is developing there will probably never be a man like him again.

  7. But LSD must be better by rduke15 · · Score: 2

    Because it's inventor died 14 years older at 102. :-)

    And seriously, the one time I tried ecstasy, I didn't like that it seemed to interfere with my emotions.

    LSD modifies percepetions and paths of thought, which can be a fantastic experience (or just great fun) if you are in the right mood for it, but I don't remember it ever modifying my emotions.

    Ecstasy gave me the impression of creating out of proportion artificial emotions in me. After the fact, I really didn't like that aspect. No wonder it was all the rage during the years of techno music. I guess people dancing to that cold techno music really needed something to still feel human.

    But anyway, peace to "Godfather of Ecstasy" and all chemists experimenting with psychoactive drugs. When used right, these all give valuable experiences.

    1. Re:But LSD must be better by oneiron · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I realize it was tongue in cheek, but you really shouldn't reduce Shulgin down to "the inventor of ecstasy" and draw cute comparisons with other famous chemists. Shugin "invented" countless other phenethylamines and tryptamines, and he documented the synthesis and experience reports thoroughly in a few different volumes that you can find on amazon.com. He was also a pioneering inventor of a massively popular pesticide which preceded other pesticides that are foundational components of modern agriculture.

    2. Re:But LSD must be better by F34nor · · Score: 4, Interesting

      PIHKAL & TIHKAL

      LSD is like a filthy hammer bashing your brain out sure you see stars but the next day is rough. Shulgin went to the point of creating psychoactives tailored to visual or auditory only. LSD was discovered by mistake, and opened up a new world of pharmacology. Shulgin understood the systems and created purposefully, there is a HUGE difference.

  8. MDMA: Empathy by digsbo · · Score: 5, Informative

    Too bad fear rules all. MDMA was highly effective in couples therapy, leading to years of progress in hours.