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With New Horizons Spacecraft a Year Away, What We Know About Pluto

An anonymous reader writes In one year, NASA's New Horizons spacecraft will reach Pluto after over 8 years of travel. "Not only did we choose the date, by the way, we chose the hour and the minute. And we're on track," says Alan Stern, the principal investigator for NASA's Pluto-Kuiper Belt Mission. As the New Horizons spacecraft gets closer to Pluto, we will begin getting the clearest images we've ever gotten. "A great deal of planning went into this mission. But in case you're wondering, the New Horizons team did not plan for Pluto to be downgraded to a dwarf planet in the same year as the launch. That didn't change anything for Alan Stern. Some planetary scientists still dispute Pluto's planet status, and Stern says he'll always think of Pluto as a planet. Either way, it's a distant realm ripe for exploration. Scientists don't know exactly what they will see there. And that's the exciting part. 'When we first sent missions to Jupiter, no one expected to find moons that would have active volcanoes. And I could go down a long list of how often I've been surprised by the richness of nature,' Stern says."

29 of 128 comments (clear)

  1. We know it's a Goddamned planet by sandbagger · · Score: 5, Funny

    Who wants to fight?

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    ---- The above post was generated by the Turing Institute. Maybe.
    1. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      You know, it's funny, as someone who grew up with nine planets including Pluto, I never understood this desire to keep Pluto a planet. Even an elementary school student could see it was a bit of an oddball compared to the other eight, with a highly eccentric and tilted orbit, a dimunitive size, and recurring announcements every few years of possible discovery of other tiny planet like things out in a similarly distant orbit. I was almost relieved when it was got a new categorization. Unless you're somehow tied to the idea of "nine" as being a special number for our count of planets, but even then, discovering new planets would have changed that number anyway, just in an upwards direction.

      But either way, sending a probe to Pluto is just as exciting, now matter what Pluto's classification. I think it would be at least as amazing if we sent one to Eris, or even a random asteroid.

    2. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by Solandri · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I never understood this desire to keep Pluto a planet. Even an elementary school student could see it was a bit of an oddball compared to the other eight, with a highly eccentric and tilted orbit, a dimunitive size, and recurring announcements every few years of possible discovery of other tiny planet like things out in a similarly distant orbit.

      Size is not really the point. Pluto (2300 km radius) is almost the same size as Mercury (2440 km). Both are smaller than the moons Ganymede (2634 km) and Titan (2575 km), while Callisto (2408 km) falls right in between them.

      People just need to get over the notion that a "planet" is somehow better or higher ranking or more important than a "moon" or "Kuiper belt object" / whatever. Those are not hierarchical terms. They are just definitions of what a body's orbit is like, and the effect its gravity has on other nearby objects (or vice versa). Nailing down a static definition of "planet" was also important for not having to rewrite school science textbooks every couple years.

    3. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by fahrbot-bot · · Score: 5, Funny

      yes. hundreds of thousands of minor planets. 5 dwarf planets AND EIGHT FULL FLEDGED PLANETS.

      And, of course, once we start naming Dwarf planets, will want Elf planets, Hobbit planets, Orc planets, etc...

      --
      It must have been something you assimilated. . . .
    4. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by geekoid · · Score: 3, Insightful

      ", but I can also see the appeal in keeping things simple."
      The universe is not simple. AS we find out more, classification become more precise.
      To do otherwise is to embrace ignorance at the cost of discovery.

      --
      The Kruger Dunning explains most post on /. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
    5. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      You must have a really out-of-date source for your sizes. Mercury is 2440 km, you got that correct. Pluto is a less-than-half 1184 km. 5 moons, including our own, are larger than Pluto and smaller than Mercury.

      Size is most definitely one of the points here.

    6. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by Talderas · · Score: 5, Funny

      Even better.

      New Horizons was launched on January 19, 2006 to the planet Pluto. Pluto was demoted to dwarf planet on August 26, 2006.

      New Horizons lost its destination within a year as the planet Pluto no longer exists.

      --
      "Lack of speed can be overcome. In the worst case by patience." --Znork
    7. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      I think it would be at least as amazing if we sent one to Eris, or even a random asteroid.

      Good news! The Dawn probe recently did a flyby of Vesta on its way to Ceres.

    8. Re:We know it's a Goddamned planet by bzipitidoo · · Score: 2

      Mass is a big point. Mercury is very dense and quite a bit more massive than Ganymede and Titan and all the other moons in our solar system. Mercury is 3.3x10^23 kg, while the most massive moon, Ganymede, is only 1.48x10^23, less than half of Mercury's mass.

      --
      Intellectual Property is a monopolistic, selfish, and defective concept. It is "tyranny over the mind of man"
  2. Four hour transit time by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Right now the astronomers on the ground are rehearsing everything about the encounter, because it takes four hours for any signal to reach New Horizons and even longer to transmit anything at 1kb/s. The entire Pluto flyby will be automated: they do not have any control over what the spacecraft will see or be able to focus on at the moment of its closest approach to Pluto. The sheer number of things that have to happen at precisely the right time on this mission is insane. It's a good thing they've had a decade to pepare for this.

    1. Re:Four hour transit time by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 2

      It takes 4 hours for any signal to reach Pluto regardless of bitrate. Light only has 1 speed.

      Maybe in your universe. In my universe, the speed of light varies with the medium.

      --
      I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
    2. Re:Four hour transit time by Tablizer · · Score: 2

      Here's hoping they don't discover a moon orbiting Pluto at about 6000 miles, or forget to take the lens cap off.

      My understanding is that the probe will fly right through Charon's orbit when in Pluto's orbital plane to reduce the risk of collision with small moons or ring-like bits. Charon would likely clear out anything in the same orbit. (Outside of the "ratio" spots like 1/3 or 1/2 ahead or behind, which are avoided.)

      In case there is an undiscovered moon of Pluto in another orbit, I wonder if there is not a way to have it look for non-star bright spots and then image and/or track them more carefully if found.

      However, to keep the mission relatively inexpensive, this craft limits the movement of instruments to a narrow range. The whole probe rotates to point groups of instruments, unlike Voyager which had some semi-independent instrument booms. (A side-effect of this is that the main antenna can't point to Earth during most observations.)

      Plus, the fly-by will be relatively quick such that there is not a lot of empty time to process images and/or react. That's one fast-moving probe.

  3. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Here's a hint: no one's been there yet.

  4. Re:If Mickey's Dog is Pluto, then... by netsavior · · Score: 4, Funny

    Animals in the Disney kingdom including Mickey, Donald, Goofy, Pete et-all are uplifted animals, but canines were resistant to the engineering protocols.

    Pluto's breed appears to be almost completely immune to the uplift engineering (although he shows some signs of complex thought). Other canines like the marginally intelligent Goofy, and the devious, but short-sighted Pete show that the engineering has other flaws and or a slow mechanism for all canines, as these two specimens cannot be considered true type-1 beings in their current state. This can be further demonstrated by the inexplicable intelligence leap made in just one generation between Goofy and his son Max, the uplift process was certainly slower for canines than for other creatures, but it appears to be converging toward type-1.

  5. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by neilo_1701D · · Score: 4, Insightful

    What do they expect to find on such a distant clump of rock and why is it they thought it to be a good investment to go snap a few slefies around it rather then use that money to go where things really ought to be interesting like Io and Europa?

    Well, it's a pretty cheap mission at $650 million over 15 years.

    But the most exciting thing about the mission is the clues it gives to the early history of the solar system.

    You're right: Europa and Io are very interesting places to visit, especially considering the possibility for life there, and no doubt those missions are being planned. But for now, we're a year out from Pluto and about to discover what we're yet to discover.

  6. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by camperdave · · Score: 2

    Perhaps because they already sent one probe to Jupiter, and another is en-route.

    Pluto is already sad and dejected from being demoted from planetary status. Must you compound its misery by having all the probes crowd around the "popular" planets like paparazzi?

    --
    When our name is on the back of your car, we're behind you all the way!
  7. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by clovis · · Score: 5, Funny

    What do they expect to find on such a distant clump of rock and why is it they thought it to be a good investment to go snap a few slefies around it rather then use that money to go where things really ought to be interesting like Io and Europa?

    Please return your 4-digit ID.

  8. Sadly by drinkypoo · · Score: 4, Funny

    I am rapidly approaching the age where that is disproven

    --
    "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
  9. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Rolgar · · Score: 5, Interesting

    I think this was a more time sensitive mission, because Pluto is moving farther from the sun and scientists warned (rightly or wrongly) that it was about to freeze, and they had a window to use a gravity assist from Jupiter to get the probe there much sooner, and there was also an earlier mission snowballed.

    On the other hand, Io and Europa aren't going to be any different in 5 years than they would have been a few years ago when the probe would have reached those destinations, so those missions were not as high priority than the potential impact of Pluto's orbit that they weren't sure of when they green-lighted this mission 13 years ago.

  10. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Lumpy · · Score: 2

    Well if theories are correct, Pluto's moon is not actually a moon but instead is a Mass relay that is just encrusted in ice.

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    Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
  11. Gosh Mickey! by Dareth · · Score: 2

    Gosh Mickey! I gained a few pounds and all, but no need to call me a planet.

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    I only look human.
    My mother is a halfling and my dad is an ogre, so that makes me an Ogreling
  12. Reclassification by DarthVain · · Score: 2

    I can't wait until Pluto is reclassified again, this time as a derelict alien spacecraft orbiting at the edge of our solar system.

  13. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    What do they expect to find on such a distant clump of rock and why is it they thought it to be a good investment to go snap a few slefies around it rather then use that money to go where things really ought to be interesting like Io and Europa?

    Because every time we go there, WE FIND OUT SOMETHING.

    We find something we HAD NO IDEA was happening.
    Look at Io for the first example from the voyager series.

    And every time we go again, we bring commentators like you with us.
    That part is predictable.

    This time Europa was more expensive than our last look at pluto's atmosphere before it freezes, so.. pluto is is.

  14. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Psicopatico · · Score: 2

    50+ years of advancement in computing and the result is Windows 8.

    Fuck.

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    Mastering the English language is fucking easy: all you have to do is to put an f* word in every fucking sentence.
  15. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Hamsterdan · · Score: 3, Informative

    Besides, we were warned Europa is off limits

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    I've got better things to do tonight than die.
  16. Re:Units! by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 2

    You mean ~44 Kelvin.

    Any Verilog user would disagree.

    --
    I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
  17. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by Tablizer · · Score: 2

    The first is more appropriate for Pluto's region.

  18. Re:Anyone have Cliff Notes? by thrich81 · · Score: 3, Interesting

    I dislike replying to an AC, but this sentiment is common enough that I will. Let's examine " You were nowhere before WW2" -- ever heard of Robert Goddard, the American who built and launched the first liquid fueled rocket in 1926? The German rocket programs were largely independent of Goddard's work but following is a quote by Wernher von Braun himself in 1963, "His rockets ... may have been rather crude by present-day standards, but they blazed the trail and incorporated many features used in our most modern rockets and space vehicles." And another quote from von Braun in the same Wikipedia bio of Goddard, "Goddard's experiments in liquid fuel saved us years of work, and enabled us to perfect the V-2 years before it would have been possible." I will not say that the US (and the Soviet Union) didn't get big advances from the German rocket program, but neither country was "nowhere before WW II." Check out Konstantin Tsiolkovsky on the Russian side.