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Soccer Superstar Plays With Very Low Brain Activity

jones_supa (887896) writes "Brazilian superstar Neymar's (Neymar da Silva Santos Júnior) brain activity while dancing past opponents is less than 10 per cent the level of amateur players, suggesting he plays as if on "auto-pilot", according to Japanese neurologists Eiichi Naito and Satoshi Hirose. The findings were published in the Swiss journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience following a series of motor skills tests carried out on the 22-year-old Neymar and several other athletes in Barcelona in February this year. Three Spanish second-division footballers and two top-level swimmers were also subjected to the same tests. Researcher Naito told Japan's Mainichi Shimbun newspaper: "Reduced brain activity means less burden which allows [the player] to perform many complex movements at once. We believe this gives him the ability to execute his various shimmies." In the research paper Naito concluded that the test results "provide valuable evidence that the football brain of Neymar recruits very limited neural resources in the motor-cortical foot regions during foot movements"."

17 of 160 comments (clear)

  1. expert skill-based integration by anegg · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I'm only an armchair cognitive scientist, but my interpretation of this result is that it shows how an expert player has integrated the knowledge of how to play as a skill. The player no longer has to think through each situation and plan a response, the brain recognizes patterns and produces a response automatically. This allows for a higher-level of play because the player's conscious mind is free to act at a higher level, producing better tactics and strategy.

    1. Re:expert skill-based integration by drkstr1 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      It's just muscle memory. They drill this into us all the time in martial arts. When fighting, you don't have time to sit and think about your next move, it just has to come naturally, like some kind of instinct. I'm not surprised by these findings at all. Sparring is one of the very few activities that allow me to quite my mind.

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    2. Re:expert skill-based integration by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 2

      It is not muscle memory.
      Muscle memory is something completely different and works on a very different level.
      Muscle memory e.g. lets you perform a perfect strike, or a punch or a kick.
      But it does not let judge you how to pass a ball perfectly into the way of the guy who will make a goal, avoiding offside and the guy tackling you and the other one and that third defender running straight into the obvious path.
      Nor does muscle memory help you to actually execute that pass.
      Muscle memory only helps to execute perfectly simple basic moves in perfection. (I'm a martial artists, doing Aikido roughly 30 years and some others for decades, for Karate e.g. muscle memory is very important, for Aikido not so much)

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    3. Re:expert skill-based integration by Aighearach · · Score: 2

      That's exactly what it is. Like a master level chess player plays 20% by calculation and 80% by pattern recognition while with a recreational player it is the opposite.

      As a rated chess player I have to say, "What a load!"

      Calculation vs "pattern recognition" isn't even the dichotomy used in chess. And pattern recognition is mostly considered to be part of the calculating process. The strategic process ("positional" play) is based on a wide variety of things, very little of which is pattern recognition. For the master, anyways. For the club player it is pattern recognition because they have little understanding and just have to match the learned rules of thumb (patterns) to the position.

      But at the higher levels of chess it is well established that the top players (for decades!) use a balanced style that doesn't favor any part of the game or any particular style, and the players with a strong style or preference do not score consistently and are lower rated.

      Strategic play is not pattern matching, it is based on extensive understanding, on having studied a large number of games, broken them down into concepts, and then deciding which concepts overlap in which places. You can't just match patterns, you have to have an understanding, and apply it. Pattern matching is without that semantic element. The same pattern will have a different meaning depending on edge subtleties, and those subtleties are what positional play is about.

      Pattern matching is mostly part of "tactical" (non-strategic) play, where you find a type of weakness that can be exploited by force. Pattern matching tells the chess player which lines to calculate. So calculation cannot be the opposite to pattern recognition.

    4. Re:expert skill-based integration by ShieldW0lf · · Score: 2

      I used to wrestle in school, took it pretty seriously and won gold in several provincial tournaments. I found that my body would be operating automatically when I did my moves, just like the article describes, and that the conscious part of my mind would be "watching" as though I was removed from the fight and was being an outside observer. Except that it wasn't that simple, because the tactile is huge in wrestling, when you can't see the guy and you're rolling and flipping and flying through the air, your contact with your opponent gives you an "eyes in the back of your head" sense, and that gets merged into what you're "watching" without removing the outside observer feeling. In street fights, which is more like a team sport than wrestling, it lets me use my conscious mind to keep a "map" of where people are, which is full of estimates based on where they were and the direction they were moving when I saw them out of the corner of my eye while absorbed in an exchange with the guy in front of me. But it's still not like you're thinking. You're being conscious without making an effort to be creative, and you do what the situation tells you is obvious. All the mental effort is in holding the model together effectively.

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  2. Duh by c · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I guess that's a sexier headline than "Expert Soccer Player Has Good Muscle Memory", and it does tie into that recent bit of excitement down in Brazil, but otherwise I'm not seeing anything in the summary that comes as a surprise... Is it that part where they quantify the differences in neural activity between "expert" and "amateur"?

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  3. Re:"Intelligence" is not earned. by digitalchinky · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Malcolm Gladwell has an interesting take with his 10,000 hour theory. If you are passionate about something and you live and breath it for long enough, you obviously get good at it. Most people are not quite so fanatical - but this is a choice, meaning they could be if they wanted to. And what is intelligence anyway? How do you quantify it such that one person is born with more of it than someone else?

  4. Turned Off Brain by JimSadler · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Some people turn of thought when in a fight. It can be a learned talent and it makes ones response much faster and blows delivered much more accurate. The catch is that when in that state extra violence can be delivered as the person is on auto pilot. Courts have not dealt with this as so few people who do this can verbalize what was going on. I'm not so certain that the true capacity to form intent exists in a person in that state of mind. Even advanced chess players can get into a similar state in which they can calculate chess moves like a machine but are sort of not human for a bit after the game is over. A portion of their minds has been diverted elsewhere and it makes them sort of silly emotionally.

  5. In other news, water is wet by NoNonAlphaCharsHere · · Score: 2

    So he plays using "automatic" skill. Every target shooter knows that place. Every cook flipping an egg knows that place. Hell, everybody knows that place. When you're first learning to drive, making a left-hand turn or backing out of a parking place requires lots of thought about HOW to do it. After long practice, you don't think about it, you simply do it. The trick, in soccer, or shooting, or writing code, anything that requires sustained performance, is to stay in that place.

  6. Re:Put it another way... by alphatel · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You don't need much brain for running around kicking a ball.

    You're absolutely correct in a very zen kind of way. In order to be in the zone, or flow, you still need to make decisions such as "lean left, kick right", or "stop short, pass forward", but they key is to not let those minor mental decisions get in the way of your physical ability to execute. Some people are born with the ability to simply "do it", other may take years of practice to learn to let go of the process, but in the end it's all about realizing your potential without anxiety about the outcome.

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  7. Re:Science or anecdote? by petes_PoV · · Score: 2
    Well it proves there is one footballer with a brain.

    If you've ever seen them being interviewed on TV - either before or after a match, even that singular result will be a surprise.

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  8. Re:"Intelligence" is not earned. by michaelmalak · · Score: 4, Insightful

    That's a common misperception of what Gladwell write. His actual formulation was 10,000 hours + talent + opportunity.

  9. Re:Put it another way... by GenaTrius · · Score: 2

    I think the idea is that all this guy's practice has streamlined his mental footballing process. If you tried to go kick a ball around in a stadium full of screaming fans while trying to avoid all the other people trying to kick the ball, you'd use tons of brain power. I suspect I'd use so much I'd pass out. But this guy's trained himself to filter out all the superfluous information and do the work as naturally as I type these words.

  10. Not too surprising... by Patent+Lover · · Score: 2, Funny

    Doesn't take a lot of brain power to fake an ankle injury

  11. Re: No shit, it's soccer. by Noah+Haders · · Score: 2

    i think women's beach volleyball is "the beautiful sport"

  12. Re:Put it another way... by denzacar · · Score: 2

    I think the idea is that all this guy's practice has streamlined his mental footballing process.

    Exactly. He's been pushing one single button for most of his life.
    He got really good at pushing that button. He can push it in his sleep.

    I suspect I'd use so much I'd pass out.

    LOL! No.
    Unless you regularly faint whenever you encounter a problem as mentally challenging as deciding if the traffic light is red or green.
    Ever played chess and fainted? If not... you're probably safe from "stadium induced fainting".

    The article is just click-whoring for the last bits of interest in that recent ball kicking event.
    Which was once again won by Germans as I hear.

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  13. Re:Put it another way... by schnell · · Score: 3, Interesting

    News flash: basement-bound nerds think being a world champion-caliber athlete is easy. Film at 11.

    Let go of your hatred of the dumb-ass jocks who got laid in high school but could never compete on a professional level, and consider that it might not be so brainless to be a world-class athlete. All this study says is that the very best athletes have learned to do it on autopilot, but for everyone else a lot of thinking is involved.

    Geeks can actually simulate the experience to a certain degree, given that some modern video games have evolved to a high degree of realism. Play "Madden NFL" on an expert difficulty level, and you'll see just how hard it can be for a NFL quarterback to try to read the movements of 11 defensive players simultaneously and pick the best route to throw the ball... even when you don't actually have to have the arm strength to throw it. Play "MLB the Show" on an expert level and you'll see how hard it can be to react in a tiny fraction of a second whether you're swinging at a 100 mph straight-ahead fastball, an 85 mph changeup that looks just like a fastball, a 90 mph slider that stars out straight but breaks away from the pitcher's arm, or a 70 mph knuckleball that just floats all over the fucking place.

    TL;DR - (some) video games these days are good enough to replicate just how hard professional level athletics are, even without the actual physical exertion. Please don't dismiss athletics as brainless if you don't know what the fuck you're talking about.

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