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US Navy Develops Robot Boat Swarm To Overwhelm Enemies

HughPickens.com writes "Jeremy Hsu reports that the U.S. Navy has been testing a large-scale swarm of autonomous boats designed to overwhelm enemies. In the test, a large ship that the Navy sometimes calls a high-value unit, HVU, is making its way down the river's thalweg, escorted by 13 small guard boats. Between them, they carry a variety of payloads, loud speakers and flashing lights, a .50-caliber machine gun and a microwave direct energy weapon or heat ray. Detecting the enemy vessel with radar and infrared sensors, they perform a series of maneuvers to encircle the craft, coming close enough to the boat to engage it and near enough to one another to seal off any potential escape or access to the ship they are guarding. They blast warnings via loudspeaker and flash their lights. The HVU is now free to safely move away.

Rear Adm. Matthew Klunder, chief of the Office of Naval Research, points out that a maneuver that required 40 people had just dropped down to just one. "Think about it as replicating the functions that a human boat pilot would do. We've taken that capability and extended it to multiple [unmanned surface vehicles] operating together within that, we've designed team behaviors," says Robert Brizzolara. The timing of the briefing happens to coincide with the 14-year anniversary of the bombing of the USS Cole off the coast of Yemen that killed 17 sailors. It's an anniversary that Klunder observes with a unique sense of responsibility. "If we had this capability there on that day. We could have saved that ship. I never want to see the USS Cole happen again."

22 of 142 comments (clear)

  1. Seems risky. by iamwhoiamtoday · · Score: 2, Insightful

    The USS Cole was in the middle of a harbor being refueled when it was attacked. Would putting the rest of the harbor at risk of autonomous craft justify a small bit of extra security? How many times have the US Ships put into port / refueled without getting hit? Just seems that it would be a way to spend a ton of money for something that overly complicates normal procedures, and only wards off that 1% of attacks. (Note, percentage pulled out of my rear)

    Also.... any autonomous craft would surely need a remote control system. You can't stop the signal (Mal). It wouldn't be impossible for another country / faction to take control of said boats, and use them to accomplish their goal.

    Basically, seems like a large amount of money for a system that would cause more problems than it would solve.

    1. Re:Seems risky. by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 2

      Even better, use fast wide-band frequency hopping. Any attempt at jamming would have to vastly increase its ERP to keep spectral power density sufficient to jam it. If you also use high-gain steered satellite dishes, that's again extra jamming or interception resistance.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
  2. Re:Until... by goodspeed64 · · Score: 2

    Or... the hackers half way across the globe activate the kill switch and the swarm of boats turns into sitting ducks :D

  3. How would this have protected the USS Cole? by apparently · · Score: 4, Informative

    Is the Admiral suffering from dementia, or is he just a fucking idiot? The attack on the Cole was successful because the rules of engagement did not allow the Cole to fire upon the boat.

    1. Re:How would this have protected the USS Cole? by radarskiy · · Score: 3, Insightful

      A drone swarm would have impeded the progress of the boat even without firing any weapons, so that either a) identification could be made during the delay and orders given, or b) the boat was provoked to fire itself, thus allowing return fire under the ROE.

    2. Re:How would this have protected the USS Cole? by Savage-Rabbit · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Is the Admiral suffering from dementia, or is he just a fucking idiot? The attack on the Cole was successful because the rules of engagement did not allow the Cole to fire upon the boat.

      So what was the crew of the Cole supposed to do? Blast every speedboat that came within 300 meters of their ship with a 20mm cannon? ...and before you say yes, consider the amount of shit that would hit the fan if some foreign warship blew a speedboat out of the water in New York harbor because, and I quote: 'Well Admiral sir, it looked uuuhhh.... threatening' ? Unpopular as the notion may be with some people, you can't just sail into a harbor in a foreign country and start shooting up speedbaots that you feel _might_ be a threat. Harbors in Asia and the Middle East are crawling with all kinds of boats and collateral damage is a certainty. By the sound of it that admiral is planning to field a swarm of small autonomous boats that can be deployed by a warship to patrol around it, surround any intruder and block him, allowing the warship to escape, prevent the intdruder from escaping or just destroy him depending on the ROE in that particular location. What precisely is ididotic about that?

      --
      Only to idiots, are orders laws.
      -- Henning von Tresckow
    3. Re:How would this have protected the USS Cole? by Rich0 · · Score: 2

      The part where you have autonomous boats running around in a busy harbor blocking and possibly destroying other boats.

      Think about it. You're a peaceful merchant, or just a guy going sailing. A fast-attack boat sails up to you, points a 50 cal at you, and shouts on the bullhorn "cut off your engine immediately and put your hands in the air." What are you likely to do? You're going to stick your hands in the air, and thus you aren't likely to get shot. The guy controlling the drone isn't worried about never seeing his family again, so he isn't going to have a twitchy trigger finger. Then you sort the mess out and get an apology.

      The whole point is to enforce a perimeter far enough away that the folks working the guns can take their time and work things out.

      Countries that don't want to deal with this can just choose not to admit US warships into their ports.

    4. Re:How would this have protected the USS Cole? by khallow · · Score: 2

      Think about it. You're a peaceful merchant, or just a guy going sailing. A fast-attack boat sails up to you, points a 50 cal at you, and shouts on the bullhorn "cut off your engine immediately and put your hands in the air." What are you likely to do? You're going to stick your hands in the air, and thus you aren't likely to get shot. The guy controlling the drone isn't worried about never seeing his family again, so he isn't going to have a twitchy trigger finger. Then you sort the mess out and get an apology.

      And this never goes wrong, right? You don't get a pilot who doesn't speak English or is deaf. Maybe the rudder broke and they can't cut the engine. Or maybe they're having a heart attack right now and are five minutes from death. Or maybe they're a terrorist faking one of the above and just trying to get their boat in close before they blow it up.

      My view is that if the security situation is so bad that you need a screen of automated boats, then you probably shouldn't use that harbor except in dire emergencies and get out as soon as you can. This scenario heavily favors the guys trying to ram with explosive-laden boats.

      They can change their tactics and come up with other ways to cause trouble. For example, they could have some dude climb on a roof of an apartment complex and start sniping those little boats. The boats could be hacked and then you have a bunch of remote controlled killing machines running through a busy harbor. Maybe they just float a few improvised mines in the harbor (for bonus points take out one or more US minesweeper ships first).

      Point is if such attacks are common enough that you're looking at special automated defenses from just this sort of attack, then the ship is in a vulnerable position from a variety of other attacks for which those defenses may not work as well.

  4. You had me at... by ClickOnThis · · Score: 3, Funny

    ...heat ray.

    --
    If it weren't for deadlines, nothing would be late.
  5. Re:A little wide-band jamming... by ColdWetDog · · Score: 2

    And then watch as all 13 guard boats go sailing off to Iran...

    No, what you will see in a couple of weeks is a photoshopped image of 3000 toy sailboats with rockets and cannons mounted every which way overwhelming a US warship. After a bit more time goes by we will see a half scale replica made from styrofoam and RC boat kits.

    They will CLAIM is was all stolen from the US (or Israel) but it's mostly lifted from an old comic book.

    --
    Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
  6. Re:Until... by knightghost · · Score: 3, Interesting

    The Chinese already developed ship killing missiles, making most large navy ships no better than targets. Unfortunately that won't change until you get the WW2-tactics trained admirals retired.

  7. ED-209 by PPH · · Score: 4, Funny

    "Please put down your weapon. You have 20 seconds to comply."

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
  8. they said before WWII by raymorris · · Score: 2

    The Japanese already developed ship killing airplanes, making most large navy ships no better than targets. Unfortunately that won't change until you get the WW1-tactics trained admirals retired.

    Ftfy to match what they said before WWII. Then some smart person put airplanes ON the ships. So it was mobile airfields off of Japan's coast vs fixed land-based airfields in Japan. No fighting in the U.S. once we went to war. If we could figure out a way to put missiles on ships, it could be our missiles on mobile platforms off their coast vs their missiles in their territory. Again keeping the fight several thousand miles away from the US.

  9. Re:Until... by Jeremy+Erwin · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The Chinese would like to be able to invade Taiwan, but the presence of a Carrier Battle Group in the region has a deterrring effect. An Antiship ballistic misdle capability would deter the carrier from doing much interference.

    (The US has certain obligations under the Taiwan Relations Act).

  10. awesome! by slashmydots · · Score: 2

    If they dropped the 50 cal, made the microwave more traditional, and kept the flashing lights those would be AWESOME at a rave!

  11. Sounds like Eurisko by AsOldAsFortran · · Score: 3, Insightful

    In the early 1980s Doug Lenat used an evolutionary AI system to win a sci fi naval battle contest. His system, Eurisko, designed unexpected large fleets of ships that defeated more conventional systems designed by other players, overwhelming them with numbers. http://aliciapatterson.org/sto... So when the Navy uses AI to run the ships, AND to design them, might have something.

  12. Re:Meh by Dutch+Gun · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Having a pair" and firing without positively identifying targets means accidentally shooting down airliners on occasion, and no one wants that. It's a tough spot for our armed forces, no doubt, and I don't think it's helpful to oversimplify the problem. Robot boats are essentially disposable, so they're a great way to allow the Navy to get in close for better identification before enemies get close enough to kill our sailors, as well as warn off anyone who is just curious or happens to stray into the wrong area.

    We actually have a lot of less-than-lethal technologies at our disposal now as well. Employing those as a first defense in peacetime seems pretty reasonable to me. Why risk accidental death with our abundance of highly lethal weapons if we don't have to? If intruders keep coming past the obvious warnings and attacks by heat beams or sonic weapons, then by all means, break out the big guns and allow our personnel to properly protect themselves.

    I'm actually glad to see the Navy thinking outside the box instead of simply building more giant carriers. These smaller boats are probably pretty inexpensive, comparatively speaking, and seem much more suited for the sort of asymmetric warfare they're likely to face in the future.

    --
    Irony: Agile development has too much intertia to be abandoned now.
  13. You've hit the nail on the head... by jeffb+(2.718) · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Basically, seems like a large amount of money for a system...

    ...and, in the "defense" arena, that's what makes the world go around.

  14. Re:Until... by FatdogHaiku · · Score: 2

    If the US and China go to war, instead of dividing up the spoils as the Russians self-destruct, I will run barefoot down a street paved with broken glass to pop a pimple on a bobcat's balls with a hand full of barbed wire.

    I would tend to agree with you, but I'll start looking for a venue just in case things go the other way...
    Shaving bobcat balls to find a pimply set is going to be the hard part.
    As for the rest, Vegas Baby!

    --
    You have the right to remain sentient. If you give up the right to remain sentient, you will be elected to public office
  15. Re:Or... Check this radical idea... by C0R1D4N · · Score: 3, Interesting

    They want to stop another USS Cole incident, how about this radical idea. Put some frikkin armor on the ships. We went from 12in armor around the entire ship to 2.5in armor around vital spaces only. It's absurd. Our entire Navy is just one big expensive glass cannon (except without the cannon part, we got rid of those too).

  16. Re:Or... Check this radical idea... by Jeremi · · Score: 2

    And while all 13 boats are busy flashing lights and playing Metallica at the decoy boat, the other boat does whatever it was planning to do.

    Or... perhaps the software designers have considered that possibility and programmed the boats so that some will remain on patrol, and/or some will break off to handle the second attacker?

    They aren't complete idiots, you know. If they were, the drones wouldn't be able to steer.

    For the price of 13 robotic boats they've raised the cost of an attack to... stealing two boats instead of one?

    You've raised the cost of an attack to stealing N boats (where N is the number of boats required to overrun the drones' defense) plus (more importantly) N crews. My guess is that finding people who are both willing to go on a suicide mission AND proficient at piloting a boat and setting off explosives is the bottleneck, not the theft/purchase of a boat.

    Plus even if/when someone does get past the drones, it's likely that bypassing the drones will have bought the ship enough time to bring up its internal defenses to deal with them. (come to think of it, perhaps they should convert a few dozen of these to land duty and place them on the White House lawn...)

    --


    I don't care if it's 90,000 hectares. That lake was not my doing.
  17. Re:Or... Check this radical idea... by gtall · · Score: 2

    Nope. If we armored ships like the battleships of WWII, they'd be fat, slow, and cost too much to keep supplied with power. Modern Navies have moved way beyond that. Now the ticket is to kill the enemy first because no matter how you armor it, the enemy will always have a missile that can kill your ship.