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Fish Found Living Half a Mile Under Antarctic Ice

BarbaraHudson (3785311) writes "Researchers were startled to find fish, crustaceans and jellyfish investigating a submersible camera after drilling through nearly 2,500 feet (740 meters) of Antarctic ice. The swimmers are in one of the world's most extreme ecosystems, hidden beneath the Ross Ice Shelf, roughly 530 miles (850 kilometers) from the open ocean. "This is the closest we can get to something like Europa," said Slawek Tulaczyk, a glaciologist at the University of California, Santa Cruz and a chief scientist on the drilling project. More pictures here."

79 comments

  1. By diving in it by JustNiz · · Score: 0

    Since the site only has scientific value because it has been sealed away for millennia, I'd have thought they'd take more care about preserving its microbial integrity and not just go diving in it.

    1. Re:By diving in it by jklovanc · · Score: 5, Informative

      Since the site only has scientific value because it has been sealed away for millennia

      The Ross Ice Shelf is open to the sea on one edge. It is possible to access the same site by going deep under the edge of the self and then in. It is not "sealed away".

    2. Re:By diving in it by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 5, Informative

      Since the site only has scientific value because it has been sealed away for millennia, I'd have thought they'd take more care about preserving its microbial integrity and not just go diving in it.

      Please look at the pictures in the last link - they show a probe about to be lowered into the borehole - that 3" pipe at the bottom of the pic. Nobody went diving unless they were blended first. Also, the site has value because it shows that animals needing high energy (to avoid the constant rain of gravel, dust, and boulders) can survive in such austere conditions. Look at how the sea bottom is totally dead - nothing stationary or slow can live there.

      --
      "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
    3. Re:By diving in it by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 4, Informative

      Since the site only has scientific value because it has been sealed away for millennia ...

      The site is connected to the open sea. It is not sealed. There are other bodies of water under the Antarctic ice, such as Lake Vostok, that really are isolated. Greater precautions are taken for those, and it would really be a surprise if anyone found fish living in Lake Vostok.

    4. Re:By diving in it by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 5, Funny

      I'm pretty sure that any fish in Lake Vostok were eaten by shoggoths millennia before the age of man. That's the other reason you take greater precautions.

    5. Re:By diving in it by KillAllNazis · · Score: 1

      Yes but so is everyone else so it evens out.

    6. Re:By diving in it by TeknoHog · · Score: 1

      Attempt no landing^Wdiving there.

      --
      Escher was the first MC and Giger invented the HR department.
    7. Re:By diving in it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Barbara,

      There is no "bombardment". There is some rocks/sediment that got trapped in the ice. Very slowly, over 100s or 1000s of years ,that will fall out. This is not a fast or high energy environment. Slow things do just fine.

    8. Re:By diving in it by Yaakov2k · · Score: 5, Informative

      Disruption and contamination is a constant concern in an ecosystem ecological research, particularly microbial work. I think of it as being somewhat akin to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the more deeply you investigate an ecological system, the more likely you are to mess up the that system.

      That being said, these folks are professionals, I guarantee you that the first thing they did was collect the microbial samples. Further, there are sterilization protocols in place to limit contamination:
      http://www.nature.com/news/lakes-under-the-ice-antarctica-s-secret-garden-1.15729

      From the article:
      "Although contamination is always a concern, researchers not connected with the Lake Whillans project say that the sterilization precautions seem to have worked well. One sign is that the microbial density of the drilling water in the hole was 200 times lower than that of the lake samples, says Peter Doran, an Earth scientist at the University of Illinois in Chicago, who worked with the US National Research Council for ten years to develop guidelines for sampling Antarctic lakes cleanly. Doran was convinced by the evidence of diverse microbial life in the lake. “They found it in such a way that it can't be questioned. It's pretty iron-clad,” he says."

    9. Re:By diving in it by nospam007 · · Score: 4, Funny

      "Care was taken. All instruments were cleansed with hydrogen peroxide,..."

      So all the stuff they'll find will be blonde?

    10. Re:By diving in it by rtb61 · · Score: 2

      Reality is of course, that it is not like any thing of this planet is ever going to be permanent. Some localised environments well end up doing not much more than providing knowledge that can be used in other areas and many will disappear without any human ever being aware of them, let alone try to understand them and the knowledge they can provide about the rest of the environment we live in. All things in balance, the quest for knowledge and what it provides and the quest to preserve. Of course there is no balance in ignorance so that is no goal at all.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    11. Re:By diving in it by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 2

      /Oblg.

      Rocks "Das Rad" -- "Human civilization from the rocks perspective"
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

    12. Re:By diving in it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I know, but how many fish are contemplative enough to go deep under the edge of the self, and then in?

    13. Re:By diving in it by TheGratefulNet · · Score: 1

      âoeIs there really a secret underwater railroad smuggling flounder to freedom? Get on board the sole train, tonight on Sick, Sad World!â

      --

      --
      "It is now safe to switch off your computer."
    14. Re: By diving in it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You make it sound like a short walk. It's about 700 kilometers. Roughly the distance from Florida to Jamaica.

      Supposedly there isn't much food, so why are those animals going there?

    15. Re:By diving in it by NoKaOi · · Score: 3, Informative

      Since the site only has scientific value because it has been sealed away for millennia, I'd have thought they'd take more care about preserving its microbial integrity and not just go diving in it.

      You're confusing this with Lake Vostok.

    16. Re: By diving in it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Supposedly there isn't much food, so why are those animals going there?

      To get to the other side.

    17. Re: By diving in it by rmdingler · · Score: 1
      Life, by its very nature, expands to all environments plausibly capable of supporting it.

      Tardigrades FTW.

      --
      Happiness in intelligent people is the rarest thing I know.

      Ernest Hemingway

    18. Re:By diving in it by slashdotwannabe · · Score: 1

      And we should all listen to AC! He's never wrong!

      --
      This comment is my opinion and does not represent an official position of Donald Trump or others I do not work for
    19. Re: By diving in it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Same reason a dog licks its dick.

    20. Re:By diving in it by RockDoctor · · Score: 1
      ... Lake Ellesmere, and around 2000 others. Vostok is the biggest of many subglacial lakes.

      But yes, the OP is getting confused.

      --
      Birds are not dinosaur descendants;birds are dinosaurs, for all useful meanings of "birds", "are" and "dinosaurs"
  2. Why is this a surprise? by Mr+D+from+63 · · Score: 2

    Considering all the extreme places we've found life on earth, I would actually have expected to find some.

    1. Re: Why is this a surprise? by bill_mcgonigle · · Score: 2

      "Surprises" get papers and Slashdot stories accepted. "We found some fish, pretty much as we expected" gets filed in the dustbin of history. Same scientific results either way.

      --
      My God, it's Full of Source!
      OUTSIDE_IP=$(dig +short my.ip @outsideip.net)
    2. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 3, Interesting

      It is a surprise. Think of it - the environment is only 30' in height top to bottom, the bottom is subjected to continuous bombardment by gravel and rocks so nothing can live on the bottom, and anything that is slow (low-energy) gets stoned out of existence, and it's -2C.

      No sunlight, sulpher, or thermal vents to add energy to the ecosystem, hundreds of miles from the open sea, and you stick a robe down there and fish swim up to it? There's a reason they said the conditions were the closest you could get to Europa, which has an ice crust over liquid water.

      --
      "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
    3. Re:Why is this a surprise? by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Considering all the extreme places we've found life on earth, I would actually have expected to find some.

      I'm not a subject matter expert; but my surprise isn't "life"(there's some sort of extremophilic bacterium cracking molecules that would make a biologist cry and only a chemist would identify as a possible energy source basically anywhere we've been able to look); but that it's big, energetic life.

      These probably aren't the world's peppiest fish; but even so, a fish is a big, demanding, multicellular, operation. Some sort of spore-former bacterium that wakes up and divides a couple of times every decade or two is one thing; but fish populations mean a fair amount of active cellular metabolism swimming around in what you would expect to be a very low-energy zone.

    4. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BradMajors · · Score: 1

      > No sunlight

      Why does the fish have eyes?

    5. Re:Why is this a surprise? by Hadlock · · Score: 1

      Or it and it's food source(s) got washed under the ice shelf by a fast moving warm ocean current? Some of the fastest moving ocean currents surround Antarctica. Quick napkin math says that water is replaced every three months.

      --
      moox. for a new generation.
    6. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Barbara,

      There is no "bombardment". There is some rocks/sediment that got trapped in the ice. Very slowly, over 100s or 1000s of years ,that will fall out. This is not a high energy environment.

    7. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 1

      > No sunlight

      Why does the fish have eyes?

      Why do you have an appendix?

      --
      "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
    8. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It was also accepted because the title sounds like they found a single fish after an epic rescue mission.

    9. Re:Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Good math. Residence time is ~2.2 years http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278434310000166

      I doubt its food "got washed under the shelf" and it chased it. More likely, food exists under the shelf, and this fish adapted to forage there.

    10. Re: Why is this a surprise? by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 1

      Think of it - the environment is only 30' in height top to bottom, the bottom is subjected to continuous bombardment by gravel and rocks so nothing can live on the bottom, and anything that is slow (low-energy) gets stoned out of existence, and it's -2C.

      No sunlight, sulpher, or thermal vents to add energy to the ecosystem, hundreds of miles from the open sea

      So, in other words, Slashdotters would call this "Mom's Basement" . . .

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
    11. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 2

      It was also accepted because the title sounds like they found a single fish after an epic rescue mission.

      Sorry, but "Fishies" just doesn't sound right, unless it's Cat from Red Dwarf saying it :-)

      --
      "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
    12. Re: Why is this a surprise? by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 5, Funny

      Because otherwise they'd be called "fsh."

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    13. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BradMajors · · Score: 1

      > No sunlight

      Why does the fish have eyes?

      Why do you have an appendix?

      The appendix acts as a safe house for good bacteria.

      http://politicalblindspot.com/...

    14. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 1

      Why do men have nipples?

      --
      "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
    15. Re:Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fish Found Living Half a Mile ABOVE Antarctic Ice would be more better

    16. Re: Why is this a surprise? by messymerry · · Score: 1

      Intelligent design, of course. Ask any Southern Baptist...

      --
      Dear Microlimp: I give you 2 valid product keys for win7 and you reject both of them. Piss off you wankers!!!
    17. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      because the scientists spend lots of time and money to go someplace they normally can't go to and just assumed stupidly of course they would be there all by themselves. The real surprise is why they would be so stupid as to assume there would be no life.

    18. Re: Why is this a surprise? by BradMajors · · Score: 1
    19. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is no way that fish in the pictures came from an isolated population breeding in complete darkness. No fucking way. If that fish was found there, it was a recent arrival from other areas outside the ice shelf.

    20. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and it's -2C.

      Isn't water more dense at ~4C (at normal conditions (1 ATM)), i.e., at the bottom of the ocean?

    21. Re: Why is this a surprise? by VanessaE · · Score: 2

      So they'd have shells then? :-)

    22. Re:Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's a surprise because we were told there was no polar ice left, when apparently there's 2,500 goddamn feet of it. I'm going back to using aerosol cans again. Fucking liars.

    23. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Bob+the+Super+Hamste · · Score: 1

      Those are just hood ornaments.

      --
      Time to offend someone
    24. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Opie812 · · Score: 1

      why,so I can expand upon information that isn't required in the main text, of course.

      --
      I'm not a nerd. Nerds are smart.
    25. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      From TFA

      But the rocky seafloor was devoid of life. Tulaczyk said he thinks rocks that are constantly melting out of the ice sheet are responsible for the desolate conditions. Glacial ice can carry dust that is finer than flour or boulders bigger than buses.

      TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGEAre you scientifically literate? Take our quiz

      IN PICTURES 24 bizarre creatures of the deep

      PHOTOS OF THE DAY Photos of the weekend
      "Forms of life that are sedentary will be stoned to death," he told Live Science from McMurdo Station in Antarctica. "The only things that can successfully explore food resources are things that can swim."

    26. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      stick a *robe* down there and fish swim up to it

      Ur momma.

    27. Re: Why is this a surprise? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Isn't water more dense at ~4C (at normal conditions (1 ATM)), i.e., at the bottom of the ocean?

      Freshwater behaves that way. Ocean water There is enough salt dissolved in Ocean water to do away with this anomaly.
      ---kaimartin---

  3. How do they taste? by Rizgar · · Score: 1, Offtopic

    These articles never covers the issues that really matter!

    1. Re:How do they taste? by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 2

      Like how to get one of these fishes for my fish tank?

    2. Re:How do they taste? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Like glycol.

    3. Re:How do they taste? by TarPitt · · Score: 1

      And when will my local sushi bar feature this fish?

      --
      If your children ever found out how lame you are, they'd murder you in your sleep
  4. Ocean or not? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Is the place where they were observing contiguous with the ocean, or is it completely isolated from the ocean?

  5. Yeah, but even if one of them bit by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    good luck reeling it in.

  6. Not a real big surprise by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    It's still open to the ocean. Big news would be Vostok finding fish in a completely sealed-off lake.

  7. By diving in it by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    Care was taken. All instruments were cleansed with hydrogen peroxide, and then irradiated with a ultravoilet light before/while being lowered down the borehole

  8. News by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 0

    "This is the closest we can get to something like Europa," said Slawek Tulaczyk, a glaciologist at the University of California...

    So, not very close at all, considering that ocean is attached to all the world's oceans, which enjoy the benefits of most of the solar energy the planet receives impinging on a liquid surface. Europa is a long long way from the Sun, and the inverse square law is a bitch. While Jupiter really wants to grow up and become the brown dwarf it was always meant to be, it didn't. The radiation it puts out is hardly enough to make up the difference between the solar energy received by Earth and by Europa.

    Is life in Europa possible? Yes. Liquid water indicates there is at least some energy to be had. Is high energy life possible? We can't categorically say no unless we go and look, but it's improbable.

    1. Re:News by BarbaraHudson · · Score: 5, Informative

      While Jupiter really wants to grow up and become the brown dwarf it was always meant to be, it didn't. The radiation it puts out is hardly enough to make up the difference between the solar energy received by Earth and by Europa.

      The energy to keep most of Europa above the freezing point of water comes from gravitational forces, not radiation. It's enough to even drive volcanoes.NASA's Europa FAQ

      --
      "Transparent" is a shit show that trades on every stereotype going. A man in drag is NOT a transsexual.
  9. Next up on deadliest catch! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Deep ice fishing extreeeeemm~!

    1. Re:Next up on deadliest catch! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Go home, Mike. You need fluids.

  10. Speaking of things that live underwater by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    When are we going to see the interview responses from Robert Ballard (http://interviews.slashdot.org/story/14/11/03/171212/)?

  11. That's your wife! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Researcher 1: That's your wife down there!
    Researcher 2: What?
    Researcher 1: Yep, she's some cold fish your wife... Bazinga!

  12. Can't they Just.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Can't they just wait until global warming kicks in full force then just bikini dive into the tropical paradise?

    Should only be a year or two, I let my diesel idle all the time.

  13. Not Even Up Your Butt by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The Ross Ice Shelf has no analog on Europa at all.

    The analogy is failed.

    Ha.

  14. Question by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Every time life is found in extreme condition we start discussing life on extreme planets again, but isn't this overlooking something?
    Life is adaptable, true, but it's not necessary common as an event.

    Isn't the reason that life is found there that it only evolved to survive there? What evidence is there that life would have appeared at all if the conditions would have been extreme across all Earth?

    The way I see it life appeared in warmer and nicer conditions and then just moved closer and closer to the extreme areas. So the chances to find life on Europa are very very slim unless there are some hidden sweet spots (light, high temperatures etc) where it could have appeared so that it can move to the extreme areas after that.

    1. Re:Question by silentcoder · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Looking at the history of the planet, what we have is basically lots and lots of mass extinctions - every major branch of life reaching it's peak and then being almost entirely eradicated and life basically starting over (and by the way - this happening to the human race is not just likely but an absolute certainty - the only actual defence is off-planet colonies which we don't yet have).

      There are different ways you can interpret this data however. One interpretation is that life is extremely rare, that we came so close to it ending forever so many times that we must assume the odds of us being here were billions to one and that it may well never have happened anywhere else - that even if life had gotten started elsewhere, it probably didn't survive into present day.

      The other, equally valid, interpretation of the same data is that life is extremely resilient - that it has survived absolutely everything the universe has (quite literally) thrown at it. Species and even entire families aren't resilient but life is - even if something kills absolutely everything except a few extremophile bacteria at the bottom of some volcano somewhere -that's enough, life will re-arise and some day, something as intelligent as us will walk the earth again. By this view it's quite likely we are NOT the first, though we're probably the first to make it space. Biologists like Jack Cohen will tell you that the odds of there being a single shred of evidence we ever existed in a billion years time is as close to zero as makes no difference. Even our roads and buildings aren't as long-lasting as we imagine, they only look that way on human time-scales, not on planetary ones. The satelites will all eventually crash with nothing to replenish lost velocity. That little plaque on the moon may survive- but who knows if it will be found by whatever is next able to ask "why are we here".

      There is no real way to choose between these views, they are both equally well supported by the available data and until our capacity to look is significantly improved we can't get data from enough other places to see which prediction they match. For the moment we have two predictions from the same data but until we can confirm either one we can't know.
      That is why looking is important. It's also why things like THESE are important, they add data which can let us refine our predictions.

      That is a critical part of the scientific process, it's helps us figure out what to be looking for in the first place. The more extreme conditions we find life in - the wider the potential search space becomes (and theoretically - the more likely we are to find *something*). It also means that searching it all takes longer.

      There is no scientific answer to the question of whether life is such an unlikely event it only ever happened here, or common and happened many, many times. The data we have can equally well defend either conclusion.
      So we need more data. Every bit of new data helps.

      --
      Unicode killed the ASCII-art *
    2. Re:Question by Bob+the+Super+Hamste · · Score: 1

      I was under the impression that the only things that people have made that will show that there was intelligent life on this planet in millions of years would be the giant bronze propellers on our largest ships. Not sure about their longevity over a billion years but I have heard estimates that they will last a few million.

      --
      Time to offend someone
  15. Re:Why Is Slashdot A Magnet For Idiots by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Notice how the anthropogenic global warming conspiracists (that's you) always resort to this kind of language.

    Much like any other belief system which lacks scientific evidence (that's your platform), the principal method of proselytization typically involves damning the unbeliever, despite his or her simple insistence on rationality and evidence.

    The blatantly obvious agenda behind the "science" is so plainly visible for the world to see now, that the only remaining advocates of AGW, are those who stand to benefit from said agenda and those pathetic sheep (of which most religions are comprised) who believe what they are told. (That's your category).

  16. Under? by CxDoo · · Score: 1

    This is non-news. Now half a mile above the ice, that would be something!

    --
    "Blah blah blah." - [citation needed]
  17. Biologists surprised ... again ... as always! by fygment · · Score: 0

    Adding to the body of evidence that biology is not a science, simply 'butterfly collecting'. With no first principles, biology simply makes guesses based on what it has found in the past. It has zero capacity to predict the existence of life (even life 'as we know it'), let alone the nature of life.

    --
    "Consensus" in science is _always_ a political construct.
    1. Re:Biologists surprised ... again ... as always! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Likely spoken by a Chemist. Who will be undercut by a Physicist. Meanwhile the Biologists look down on the Social Scientists.

      Oblig. XKCD: http://xkcd.com/793/

      Universal Derivation: Everything is easy to those that don't have to do it!

  18. The real question... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    is are they tasty?

  19. What does 200X lower mean given exponential growth by Paul+Fernhout · · Score: 1

    of introduced microbes? Just mean reaching the same population density takes a few days longer... Granted, this is not Lake Vostok, so difference concerns may apply. And it's true that a smaller amount of bacteria introduced provides more time for the ecosystem to respond to it by eating it before it expands.

    --
    A 21st century issue: the irony of technologies of abundance in the hands of those still thinking in terms of scarcity.