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Would You Need a License To Drive a Self-Driving Car?

agent elevator writes Not as strange a question as it seems, writes Mark Harris at IEEE Spectrum : "Self-driving cars promise a future where you can watch television, sip cocktails, or snooze all the way home. But what happens when something goes wrong? Today's drivers have not been taught how to cope with runaway acceleration, unexpected braking, or a car that wants to steer into a wall." The California DMV is considering something that would be similar to requirements for robocar test-driver training." Hallie Siegel points out this article arguing that we need to be careful about how many rules we make for self-driving cars before they become common. Governments and lawmakers across the world are debating how to best regulate autonomous cars, both for testing, and for operation. Robocar expert Brad Templeton argues that that there is a danger that regulations might be drafted long before the shape of the first commercial deployments of the technology take place.

54 of 362 comments (clear)

  1. If "yes," then it's not self-driving by xxxJonBoyxxx · · Score: 5, Insightful

    If "yes," then it's not self-driving.

    1. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by zarthrag · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Simply this. To elaborate further. Self-driving cars should be the legal equivalent to sitting in the back of a taxi. Even from an insurance/liability standpoint, owning one means you're responsible/liable for fuel & maintenance - and that's about it. It should be down to the manufacturer to ensure safe, autonomous operation. (Otherwise, things such as self-valet and timed pick-ups won't happen)

      --
      Why can't all fpga/microcontroller manufacturers just release free optimizing compilers???
    2. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Shakrai · · Score: 5, Insightful

      It should be down to the manufacturer to ensure safe, autonomous operation.

      Thus guaranteeing that it never happens, at least in the litigious society known as the United States of America.

      Aerospace is held to a far higher standard than automotive ever will be, with modern planes able to fly themselves from takeoff to landing, but we still expect qualified pilots to sit in the front seat and keep an eye on things. An autonomous automobile may well have more variables to contend with than an airliners autopilot. Children don't tend to dart out in front of airliners, the physics of air travel don't change drastically with weather conditions, and airplanes are built with more redundancy than automobiles.

      Even if you can account for such things, how will your autonomous vehicle handle malfunctioning sensors? Aerospace has been working at this for decades and still hasn't figured it all out.

      --
      I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
      We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
    3. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by OzPeter · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Therefore, you either keep the abstraction simplified and require the pilot to do a bit more work, or re-instate the flight engineer.

      Last year I worked on a Stacker/Reclaimer (EG the big wheely bucket loaders that either scoop up huge piles of coal, or stack coal into piles), and has an operator out in a cabin doing the driving. The same system was being sold to two different customers. The first customer wanted an automatic mode that would guide the machine around the piles of coal and scoop/deliver in order to get an optimal materiel field while the operator sat back and basically watched.

      The second customer basically said "I don't want no damn stinkin' automatic mode, because if I'm payin' for an operator to sit out there, he better be working"

      --
      I am Slashdot. Are you Slashdot as well?
    4. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by HiThereImBob · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Self-driving cars should be the legal equivalent to sitting in the back of a taxi. Even from an insurance/liability standpoint, owning one means you're responsible/liable for fuel & maintenance - and that's about it. It should be down to the manufacturer to ensure safe, autonomous operation. (Otherwise, things such as self-valet and timed pick-ups won't happen)

      Let's be realistic. Self-driving cars are coming, but it is going to be a gradual transition. We've already seen the beginning of it with adaptive cruise control and self-parking. These features will continue to be refined while new ones are added, but we almost certainly face years (decades?) of gradual transition where our cars are some weird hodgepodge of self driving and user operated. The laws governing this won't be nearly as straightforward as you suggest.

    5. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by kylemonger · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Forget about sensors for a moment: We don't deal with malfunctioning PEOPLE right now. Drunks, old people, and visual impaired people routinely climb behind the wheel everyday. We are already running over darting children, cyclists and pretty much anything else with the temerity to set foot, hoof or paw on the road. Old people ramming cars into crowds because they can't tell the brake from the accelerator are just the cost of doing business in a free society.

      A self-driving system doesn't have to be perfect, it just has to be better than what we have now when we scale it up. Given that you can give a driving AI the equivalent of millions of miles road experience in all conditions, I doubt that AI's will drive worse than human beings for much longer.

      The insurance companies will need to be convinced for sure, but they will be when self-driving systems demonstrate their superiority.

    6. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Jane+Q.+Public · · Score: 3, Interesting

      We don't deal with malfunctioning PEOPLE right now. Drunks, old people, and visual impaired people routinely climb behind the wheel everyday.

      We don't deal with these problems, because we have bad laws. We have bad laws because politicians want to please lobbyists, and don't want to seem "soft" on crime or negligence. As a result, they pass laws that are too strict (DUI laws being a classic example: studies show the majority of people are NOT significantly impaired at 0.08%).

      When unreasonable laws are passed which victimize pretty much "innocent" people, people lose respect for the law. Not just DUI but also (former or at least getting there) marijuana laws are great examples.

      A self-driving system doesn't have to be perfect, it just has to be better than what we have now when we scale it up.

      Nope. Based on past advances in automobiles (ABS, airbags, power steering, computer throttle control), what will happen is that they will get released, and they will have some major screwups (or public perception of screwups anyway), and there will be a flurry of very heavy-duty lawsuits, and it will go away for a while. Then they'll come back in new and improved form. Then there will be a couple of more lawsuits, and some recalls. Sales will go down a bit and improve again. And it will gradually smooth out. Probably.

      It's a bit like the "ringing" effect in some kinds of oscillators.

    7. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Aighearach · · Score: 3, Interesting

      By that theory, nobody ever drives anywhere, because there could be an unexpected road closure. I go lots of places where there is only one road, and if it is closed (which happens) then you can either try the next day, or drive an extra 250 miles. I've never once heard of it as a reason people don't go to those places. Even a doctor isn't going to stay in town and never go to the beach on a day off because of some small percent chance the road would be closed.

      If the car is leased with a service agreement (likely for early versions) then you probably just call roadside assistance if it strands you, and they send a tow truck, same as AAA.

      Gosh, nobody would even play golf, because of the lightning risk.

    8. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Your suggestion about the pace of the transition is highly plausible; but that needn't imply much regulatory complexity: At present, a car with a licensed operator can have a variety of convenience features that involve a level of automation and (very) bounded autonomy without any variation in what type of license you need for what level of features. There may be some hassle on the vendor's end, in convincing the relevant feds that their intended new feature isn't an automated accident generator; but there's nothing on the driver side.

      Given that operator handoff is most likely to happen either under relatively hairy conditions, or when some system failure has left the automated systems unable to cope, there isn't an obvious incentive to relax the(already not terribly demanding, at least in the US) requirements placed on licensed drivers until 'self-driving' actually does mean 'self-driving'. If it means 'sometimes self driving, except the hard parts', that may require less operator effort; but not obviously less operator knowledge(if anything, given that drivers usually get somewhat safer with experience, at least until they hit the point where each additional year stops making them less young and stupid and starts making them more old and inept, I'd be particularly worried about the likely performance of somebody whose vehicle is sophisticated enough to coddle him most of the time, then screams and hands him the wheel when the situation is already halfway lost.)

      I have no doubt that the laws(or at least the liability litigation and insurance-related contracts, even if carried out under existing law) for damage and death caused by partially-automated vehicles will be an epic nightmare of horrendous proportions; but on the operator licensing end "If you might have to drive it, you need a driver's license; if you won't have to drive it, you don't." really covers a lot of territory. There might be some incremental adjustments, mostly to the format of the test(say, allowing use of a rear-view camera in addition to mirrors and over-the-shoulder during tests of parking); but not too much need to complicate things.

    9. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Aighearach · · Score: 2

      You don't have to be licensed so that you can pay attention "in case something goes wrong," though you'll probably be expected to push the car out of the roadway if physically able.

      The reason you have to be licensed is that if the car malfunctions and creates an insurance claim, there is lots of existing legal precedent related to insurance liability that means the insurance company will require a licensed driver, until the laws are changed by people not scared of self-driving cars. That will take up to 50 years after they're first legalized.

      Also, in most states there will still be a requirement to "exchange driver info" after any accident; including one that is not the fault of the self-driving car. There are probably lots more examples. The first steps will only say, "yes you can do this new thing but you also have to follow all the old rules too."

      Human reaction time is slower than computer reaction time, so it is unlikely that you'll have more than an emergency shutoff to deal with mechanical problems. The idea that the human will be interrupting the computer in real time while in traffic to correct some mistake, that is a total joke. The humans would cause a wreck almost 100% of the times they tried it! I don't drive very much, but I'm out there enough to know how awful human drivers are. And that's when they're giving their legally-required full attention to the task.

    10. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by FoxMcElroy · · Score: 2

      I'm very glad it won't be too soon. Everyone asks "Where's my flying car?" but not "Wouldn't it be nice if we lived at an airport and everywhere else were also an airport?"

    11. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by fustakrakich · · Score: 2

      Is there anyone on board who knows how to fly a plane? That didn't have fish for dinner? Look, you have nothing to worry about as long as you don't run out of coffee.

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    12. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Cochonou · · Score: 2

      I would like to see your studies.
      In France, the DUI limit is 0.05%. My anecdotical experience is that this threshold does not seem too low: I certainly do not have the same reflexes or spatial awareness when I am close to this threshold. And I do not think this is a corner case.

    13. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by TheRaven64 · · Score: 2

      It's worth noting that there is one piece of automation in cars already that does give a different kind of driving license in a lot of places: automatic gear change. If you get a driving license in a car that has an automatic transmission then you can't drive manual cars with it, though the converse is allowed.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    14. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by hawkinspeter · · Score: 4, Insightful

      I'd much prefer to share roads with autonomous vehicles, especially when I'm walking or cycling. They have the potential to have much, much better collision avoidance than your average driver. With a decent array of sensors (e.g. infrared, radar, lidar) they should be able to detect humans (maybe other animals as well) and reduce speed to allow corrective actions if necessary.

      I'd anticipate that autonomous vehicles would be able to react a lot quicker and of course they wouldn't be distracted (driver distraction being the number one cause of accidents). In the case of an emergency, I wouldn't want the vehicle to be relying on the human to wake up, figure out what was going on and then take appropriate action.

      --
      You're a temporary arrangement of matter sliding towards oblivion in a cold, uncaring universe
    15. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by wvmarle · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Even if you can account for such things, how will your autonomous vehicle handle malfunctioning sensors? Aerospace has been working at this for decades and still hasn't figured it all out.

      Detecting a malfunction in a sensor is hard, really hard. You'll need more than one sensor, preferably different types, to realise there's an error, and then you have to decide which of the contradictory sensor results is the correct one. As naturally sensors will always return slightly different results, you'll have to account for that as well.

      So let's say we solved this. Then you know there's a problem. For an autonomous car it's simple: it could decide to continue (minor problem), or stop (e.g. tyre blow-out or other major problem that makes it unable to continue, or simply "I don't know how to handle this situation, so I pull over to the side of the road and stop to have my human overlords sort it out"). In the second scenario an automated call to the repair service could be included, so the human(s) in the car can continue to sleep while it's being fixed and after that be sent on their way again.

      An airplane doesn't have this fail safe stop option, and needs to have human overlords present at all times to take control if something happens the programmers didn't foresee.

    16. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by wvmarle · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Given that operator handoff is most likely to happen either under relatively hairy conditions, or when some system failure has left the automated systems unable to cope,

      Euhm... let me get this right... you expect cars to drive automatically, except when it gets difficult or something else unexpected happens it suddenly gives back control to the driver. That's what you mean, right?

      Bad idea. Very bad idea. The driver is probably reading the paper, or is dozing off, or otherwise simply not paying attention to the road, as the car is doing the driving and he has nothing to do. He's not supposed to do anything about driving, as the car is in full automatic driving mode. Suddenly asking for attention, then expecting the driver to handle a difficult situation instantly, is asking for accidents. Many more than when the driver was in control already, and possibly sees the situation coming, so anyway has much more time to react.

      To allow the driver to fully hand off control to the car, the car should be able to handle it all. The driver assist functions we have available on certain cars nowadays are a great start in working towards full control by the car: now the car will intervene in certain emergency situations, when that's all settled, we can think about giving off control of the rest of the ride as well. For fully automatic drive, the car should not rely on human intervention, ever.

    17. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Runaway1956 · · Score: 2

      "We have bad laws because politicians want to please lobbyists,"

      I'm pleased to note that autonomous auto manufacturers won't stoop to employing lobbyists.

      --
      "Windows is like the faint smell of piss in a subway: it's there, and there's nothing you can do about it." - Charlie Br
    18. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Firethorn · · Score: 2

      An airplane doesn't have this fail safe stop option, and needs to have human overlords present at all times to take control if something happens the programmers didn't foresee.

      Even then, there's arguments for removing the human pilots today because they actually cause around half the accidents.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    19. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Firethorn · · Score: 2

      The collision-avoidance problem, in some ways, is multiplied in the air. At least on the ground you have specific lanes with traffic control devices on them (lights, etc.).

      Just the opposite. Consider that we developed drones long before we developed a self driving car. You can program specific lanes for flying, they're used all the time by commercial aircraft, but by the same token there's a lot less static clutter, margins are greater(no worrying about whether the kid on the side of the road will dart out), etc...

      There are reasons why we developed self-piloting plants decades before we developed self-driving cars.

      --
      I don't read AC A human right
    20. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Lumpy · · Score: 2

      "Detecting a malfunction in a sensor is hard, really hard. "

      it depends. you have a known range the sensor will read and you have a known rate of change. For example the sensor in my BMW that measures steering angle will go from 10 to 65525 it can read from 0 to 65535 but the physical limits of the mounting will not allow it. which is fine. the computer system also knows that it is 100% impossible to have more than a rate change of + or - 3500 per second. so if any rate changes are high than that, like a glitch that causes it to jump? fail the sensor fall back to limp mode and illuminate the "bring your wallet to the dealer" light.

      What if the sensor falls off and does not change? you can make assumptions based on time If I don't see a sensor change within a time frame, sensor is bad.

      Systems with only one sensor does not exist in anything other than entertainment devices like your wall thermometer. A car has enough data points to easily identify sensor failures without redundant sensors on each measuring point.

      --
      Do not look at laser with remaining good eye.
    21. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by gnasher719 · · Score: 2

      Disagree 100%. I think handoff will be in quiet, planned circumstances. More like an airplane autopilot than a dumb cruise control that has a high chance of spinning out in hydroplane situations, or would happily ram you into the back of the car in front or run you of the road if you stopped paying attention long enough.

      Common sense is that a handoff during dangerous situations is quite pointless. Say you are driving along a straight road, expecting nothing evil, either driving yourself or the car is driving. Totally unexpected, a moose jumps into the road. If you are driving yourself, reasonably concentrated, you will have a hard time handling this correctly. A self driving car may handle it better (depending on a situation there might be an accident because the accident was unavoidable).

      However, what is absolutely guaranteed to lead to the worst possible result is the car handing over responsibility to the driver, who is reading a book, or watching a movie, or texting, or eating a sandwich, when this happens.

      I _would_ expect a handover if the self driving car spots that there is just a lot of water where it expected a road, and it can't figure out how deep the water is, and it stops before the water, and lets the driver take over. Maybe an alarm bell in case the driver is sleeping. Now in case the driver is drunk or has no license, I would expect that there is a "can't drive" button that he presses, and the car would either try to turn around and get out of the situation, or would just stop.

    22. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Rogue974 · · Score: 2

      You wrote, "Detecting a malfunction in a sensor is hard, really hard."

      Actually is is quite simple to do. If you get anything more then the cheapest of sensors, they continually diagnose themselves and report back the diagnosis. There are failures that cause the sensor to freeze up and stop reporting. If it keeps sending the same data, easy to detect the value stopped changing. If it stops sending any data at all, easy to see a step change that should not have occurred and you also do a redundant sensors and do 2 out of 3 voting. I could continue with scenarios, but while it takes some work, some program and some costs, detecting a malfunctioning sensors is easy. Cars currently report malfunctioning sensors, most of them with a check engine light.

      Not sure of your background, but I am a Controls Engineer. I do this for a living. I am sitting at a plant where I have over 20,000 sensors of various kinds and detecting the fact that a sensor failed is quite easy to automatically detect and alert the operator of failure.

    23. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by gordo3000 · · Score: 2

      I have never seen a single study to show that 0.08% is "too strict". In fact, it is extremely lenient by most other country standards. A quick perusal showed this:
      http://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?...

      It concluded impairment begins with any deviation, and almost all people are significantly impaired by 0.08% (lending credence to the idea that the line is too lenient, not too strict).
      If you have a study that actually shows what you purport, I'm sure people would love to see it.

    24. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by s0nicfreak · · Score: 2

      Why should death and serious injury be the deciding factor? If it reduces accidents at all - even non-fatal accidents, minor injury accidents, and no injury accidents - that's good in my book.

    25. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by Maxo-Texas · · Score: 2

      It also has huge implications for revenue streams from tickets.

      --
      She was like chocolate when she drank... semi-sweet at first and then increasingly bitter.
    26. Re:If "yes," then it's not self-driving by seeland · · Score: 2

      DUI laws being a classic example: studies show the majority of people are NOT significantly impaired at 0.08%).

      Nope.

      http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinf...

      >10 21–35 yr old male moderate drinkers were tested on divided-attention and information-processing tasks at blood alcohol levels (BALs) of 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/dl. All response measures showed evidence of impairment beginning at 15 mg/dl and increasing impairment with increasing BALs. Findings provide no evidence that low BALs improve performance on driving-related skills, as has sometimes been suggested

      http://ajph.aphapublications.o...

      >CONCLUSIONS: It all states adopted 0.08% legal blood alcohol limits, at least 500 to 600 fewer fatal crashes would occur annually.

      http://www.tandfonline.com/doi...

      >There is no evidence of a threshold blood alcohol (BAC) below which impairment does not occur, and there is no defined category of drivers who will not be impaired by alcohol....These more sophisticated studies show that significant impairment occurs at very low BACs ( http://www.sciencedirect.com/s...

      >results from the pooled analyses were clear and consistent. Changes in legal BAC limits significantly affected alcohol-related fatal crash involvement for both the SVN and BAC test result measures, and the laws affected drivers at all drinking levels.

  2. Do pilots still need licenses? by mjwx · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Do pilots still need licenses in the age of autopilot? Well yes because machines aren't infallible.

    For a long time, an autonomous car will not be driverless. People need to get over this notion that next year a car will drive itself and you'll sit in the back with a Martini and the paper. That probably wont happen in our lifetimes.

    Initially, fully autonomous modes will only be permitted on certain roads (think limited access roads like highways, freeways and autobahns). This will last years as engineers are even more conservative than law makers. The next step is likely to be special lanes on A roads. It will be a long time before autonomous cars are good enough to operate on a B road or suburban street.

    Ultimately, because the law requires someone to be responsible for the operation of the machine it means a qualified operator will need to be at the controls whilst in operation. Same with a lot of other automated systems (such as long distance trains).

    --
    Calling someone a "hater" only means you can not rationally rebut their argument.
    1. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by sl149q · · Score: 2

      Unless you are over 80 it is going to happen in your lifetime.

      Fully autonomous vehicles will be driving on all (but possibly) rural roads in the near future.

    2. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by IamTheRealMike · · Score: 2

      Do pilots still need licenses in the age of autopilot? Well yes because machines aren't infallible.

      Not quite. It's "yes" because most people would be unable to get over their fear of flying in an entirely autonomous plane, not because we need heroic pilots to override the computer when things go wrong.

      Consider that about half of all aviation accidents are traced to pilot error. The percentage of crashes caused by autopilot error is zero.

    3. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by fustakrakich · · Score: 2

      Simple rule for vehicles, just like for actors, 'Remember your lanes, and don't bump into anything'.

      --
      “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
    4. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by jklovanc · · Score: 2

      Every time a computer gets good at a task once thought to be outside of the realm of AI

      Who ever said that?

      Chess computers win by computing all the possible outcomes for a large number of moves ahead. The only limiting factor is computer speed. As computers get faster they can follow very similar algorithms aned get much better. At the base chess is not hard if you can calculate far enough in the future. People can not calculate far enough and therefore use other methods to win. By the way, we have had chess computers for 50 years.

      The problem with real life is that it is not constrained by simple rules like chess. There are two many variables and too many situations that are non deterministic. For example, if you see a person standing near the curb. What do you think they might do. The prediction is based on many things; age, gender, which way they are facing, what they are doing, etc. They might just stand there or they might dart out into traffic. It is very hard for a computer to make predictions. The same goes for other vehicles.

      Then something else will be "impossible" for a computer to do.

      I never said impossible; just that driving a vehicle in the real world is very different than winning at chess. Compared to the real world chess is child's play. I don't think it will happen until our computing power increases by a few orders of magnitude. Never is a long time.

      By the way, there is a big difference between a computer playing chess and a computer driving a vehicle. When a computer playing chess fails it loses a game. When a computer driving a vehicle fails people can die.

    5. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by FlyHelicopters · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Bullshit. Watch Air Crash investigations, there are enough autopilot caused incidents to show why pilots are needed.

      You might think that, but you'd be wrong...

      Pilot error is the single largest cause of all aircraft crashes...

      The reality is, if you simply accepted that every time the computer messed up, everyone would die, you would have FEWER deaths than you would with the current system.

      Because no one wants to hear that and can't emotionally accept any deaths as "known", we have what we have.

      Source? 15 years of aviation experience, thousands of hours of flight time in everything from helicopters to corporate jets, Certified Flight Instructor in both airplanes and helicopters. I know better than most people on Slashdot about this subject. Just because you watched something on The History Channel doesn't make you an expert.

    6. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by dave420 · · Score: 2

      It doesn't seem like it. We have cars which can start, drive through cities and down highways, and navigate to a destination and park. They dodge obstacles on the way, and so forth. What part of autonomy is missing?

    7. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by geekmux · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Sorry but chess is a well defined game with simple rules. Playing chess needs excellent memory and fast computation. Computers are very good at that. Driving a vehicle is very different and requires much higher and different intelligence.

      Every time a computer gets good at a task once thought to be outside of the realm of AI, people simply rationalize how it wasn't that hard in the first place. Soon people will be saying how self-driving cars weren't that hard to create for whatever reason. Then something else will be "impossible" for a computer to do.

      You know the funny part about your story here?

      It's actually believable...in a universe devoid of lawyers.

      We live in a world today where litigation is the main limiting factor with technology, not the technology itself.

      After watching the birth of patent trolls as well as companies spending millions fighting for inventions like "rounded corners", I would have thought this would have been more obvious. It will be when vendors are sitting around for a decade waiting to deploy their inventions while we argue who should be sued when it fucks up.

    8. Re:Do pilots still need licenses? by gnasher719 · · Score: 2

      The problem with real life is that it is not constrained by simple rules like chess. There are two many variables and too many situations that are non deterministic. For example, if you see a person standing near the curb. What do you think they might do. The prediction is based on many things; age, gender, which way they are facing, what they are doing, etc. They might just stand there or they might dart out into traffic. It is very hard for a computer to make predictions. The same goes for other vehicles.

      Chess is easier. However, in a game of chess, you have an opponent who actively tries to beat you. In a car, other drivers don't actively try to hit you. That person at the curb doesn't wait for an opportunity to throw himself in front of your car and get killed.

  3. Re:no if strictly selfdriving by Shakrai · · Score: 2

    if you can't manualy control it do you really own it?

    Oh Gawd, they'll be licensed like Windows:

    "Car, please plot a course to Milwaukee and engage."

    "I'm sorry Dave, I can't do that. Automotive Pro is limited to trips of 500 kilometers or less. Please enter your Automotive Ultimate license code."

    --
    I want peace on earth and goodwill toward man.
    We are the United States Government! We don't do that sort of thing.
  4. "Promise a future where we can sip cocktails" by Chas · · Score: 2

    And I stopped listening right there.

    Only fucking MORONS want this sort of thing.

    When you're in a piece of heavy machinery, like a car, even if you're NOT driving it, you DON'T want to be impaired in case of an emergency.

    So, drinking in a self-driving car is pretty much out. And for many of the reasons this dipshit talked about. MALFUNCTIONS.

    Before you bring up bus and rail transport. Keep in mind, there are people actually driving those. And, in the case of long distance trains, crews full of people. All better trained at running the transportation than you are.

    --


    Chas - The one, the only.
    THANK GOD!!!
    1. Re:"Promise a future where we can sip cocktails" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      "Only fucking MORONS want this sort of thing.

      When you're in a piece of heavy machinery, like a car, even if you're NOT driving it, you DON'T want to be impaired in case of an emergency."

      Wha?? Hows this any different than taking a cab home?

      Am I putting myself in horrible danger when i take the cab home after a night drinking? Afterall i dont want to be impaired in case of emergency. Friends dont let friends take a cab?? -rolls eyes-

      Blah... you people worry too much.

    2. Re:"Promise a future where we can sip cocktails" by Bing+Tsher+E · · Score: 2

      Subways run on a track. A track, further, that is enclosed away from other things running onto the track.

    3. Re:"Promise a future where we can sip cocktails" by AK+Marc · · Score: 3, Interesting

      So you never ride drunk in a cab in case the cabbie has a heart attack? For every argument about this, substitute chauffeured car for self-driven car and run it through that filter first.

      You'll find that people hold self-driven cars to a much higher standard than we have today. I think people just fear change.

  5. Insurance by sound+vision · · Score: 3, Interesting

    This also makes me think, will you need insurance for a self-driving car? If two self-driving cars are involved in a collision, who is responsible for the damages? You could say the manufacturer is responsible - but what if it's a collision between a self-driving car and a human-driven car? Or, will manufacturers be willing to take on the burden of providing insurance for each car they sell?

    1. Re:Insurance by tmosley · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Fault is determined the same way it is today. You can bet your ass that self driving cars will have black boxes full of data on speed, location, orientation, etc. If one causes a wreck, that would probably be the end for that manufacturer from a publicity standpoint. As such, you can bet that any model that hits the road is going to be DAMN safe.

  6. Why don't we just incorporate them? by tlambert · · Score: 4, Funny

    Why don't we just incorporate them?

    Then they'll legally be people, and they can get their own driver's licenses!

  7. A horse for a horseless carriage by jader3rd · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You would need a 'driver' for a driver-less car as much as you need a horse for a horse-less carriage.

  8. The license isn't the issue... the insurance is by Karmashock · · Score: 2

    Lets say my self driving car runs someone over... who is liable?

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  9. Re:In soviet russia by Aighearach · · Score: 2

    ... car drives license. License drives you.

  10. Bad Analogy by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 2

    Do pilots still need licenses in the age of autopilot? Well yes because machines aren't infallible.

    This is a terrible analogy. First autopilot for a plane cannot taxi the aircraft so it is not feature complete. Secondly the consequences of mechanical failure in a car are far less severe and you can probably solve most of the ones which do not themselves involve the engine dying by having a kill switch and a steering wheel: all you have to do is yank the switch and steer the now rapidly braking car out of trouble. A kill switch on an aircraft is a somewhat less viable option which is why you need a pilot. This is also why commercial pilots have far more training than bus drivers.

  11. Re:Really? Come on now, you should know better. by drinkypoo · · Score: 2

    Since the 1960s we have been automating space travel and airlines, and still need pilots and astronauts because when the shit hits the proverbial fan humans are required to intervene.

    We have pilots to make passengers feel good. We have astronauts because we can't make a robot as dextrous as a human yet.

    --
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  12. Re:Really? Come on now, you should know better. by Jeremi · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Nothing, and that is an absolutely nothing, has ever been made by man which has been perfect.

    A self-driving car does not have to be perfect. It just has to be better than the alternative.

    With motor vehicles already being the number one killer in the US annually, we want human intervention early and often.

    Isn't the fact that motor vehicles are already the number one killer in the US annually actually an argument for automated cars?

    As stated above, a half a century has not perfected "self driving" anything else.

    Five centuries of work before that never perfected heavier-than-air flying machines either, until one year, presto, all the necessary preconditions were finally met and airplanes became a reality. There's nothing linear about progress.

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  13. Re:Absolutely yes!!! by jordanjay29 · · Score: 2

    Usually someone who rear-ends a car (a tailgater) is at fault for such a collision, at least from the insurance company's perspective.

  14. Re:Really? Come on now, you should know better. by Cochonou · · Score: 2

    The story of the AF447 crash is precisely that: the human took over, and crashed.
    What I wanted to show by bringing up this example is that in current airplane design, there are circumstances in which automation is known to fail (in this case, unreliable/defective sensors). In these circumstances, the systems are designed to give control back to the pilot. The rationale for this is quite clear. It could be argued that fully working automated systems are safer and more reliable than humans. However, automated systems with detected failures are not.
    So the pilot is not there to make passengers feel better: he is a part of the automation backup system. Of course, sometimes this backup does not work: no system is perfect.
    For automated cars, the situation is a bit different. As you pointed out, drivers are not trained for such contingencies. And if a problem happens, the car can just stop on the side of the road, while the plane does not have this option.

  15. Not completely self-driving by Firethorn · · Score: 2

    Actually, this would be a problem. The USAF is currently struggling with some of this - they automated their drones too much, operators don't have enough to do to keep proper attention on the drone in case something does happen. They're actually considering removing some of the automation...

    I don't disagree that this is the most likely current situation, but it's going to be virtually impossible to keep the driver from doing other things as you remove more responsibility and control from them.

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    I don't read AC A human right
    1. Re:Not completely self-driving by Intrepid+imaginaut · · Score: 2

      Well I'd hope that the car on autopilot would have slowed to a halt until I was past whether or not the driver was on the phone. That raises another interesting possibility, people deliberately driving aggressively to make cars on autopilot get out of their way...