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China's Arthur C. Clarke

HughPickens.com writes Joshua Rothman has a very interesting article in The New Yorker about Liu Cixin, China's most popular science-fiction writer. The author of thirteen books has retained his day job as a computer engineer with a State-run power plant in a remote part of Shanxi province, because it helps him to stay grounded, enabling him to "gaze at the unblemished sky" as many of his co-workers do. In China, Cixin is about as famous as William Gibson in the United States and Cixin is often compared to Arthur C. Clarke, whom he cites as an influence. Rothman writes that American science fiction draws heavily on American culture, of course—the war for independence, the Wild West, film noir, sixties psychedelia—and so humanity's imagined future often looks a lot like America's past. For an American reader, one of the pleasures of reading Liu is that his stories draw on entirely different resources.

For example, in The Wages of Humanity, visitors from space demand the redistribution of Earth's wealth, and explain that runaway capitalism almost destroyed their civilization. In Taking Care of Gods, the hyper-advanced aliens who, billions of years ago, engineered life on Earth descend from their spaceships; they turn out to be little old men with canes and long, white beards. "We hope that you will feel a sense of filial duty towards your creators and take us in," they say. "I doubt that any Western sci-fi writer has so thoroughly explored the theme of filial piety," writes Rothman. In another story, The Devourer, a character asks, "What is civilization? Civilization is devouring, ceaselessly eating, endlessly expanding." But you can't expand forever; perhaps it would be better, another character suggests, to establish a "self-sufficient, introspective civilization." "At the core of Liu's sensibility," concludes Rothamn, "is a philosophical interest in the problem of limits. How should we react to the inherent limitations of life? Should we push against them or acquiesce?"

9 of 187 comments (clear)

  1. Not at all surprising by PCM2 · · Score: 4, Insightful

    This will probably come across as a kneejerk response, but the submission makes it sound like Liu's themes are almost entirely derived from PRC propaganda. You hear this sort of stuff all the time if you pay any attention to Chinese state media ... planned economies are best, the individual's primary responsibility is to the family unit, Western ideas have failed, and so on. If anything, these books demonstrate the poverty of a literary scene where everybody has to constantly watch what they say.

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    1. Re:Not at all surprising by khallow · · Score: 1, Insightful

      Yes it does. Maybe this guys stories do reflect his upbringing and indoctrination by Chinese stated media. That is the point. it shows another perspective. It does not mean he is a bad writer, it does not pose any value judgement on that perspective. It is just that, another perspective. If anything, that should be appealing to SciFi lovers.

      In other words, he's Arthur C. Clarke, if Clarke were hobbled by a pathological ideology.

      And for what it is worth, planned economies are best. In fact, there are no economies without at least some planning. The question is how much planning is best.

      No, the question is who does the planning. The key problem with planned economies is that the planning is done by people without either the capability or knowledge to do competent panning nor an absence of conflict of interest.

      When one speaks of a planned economy, one doesn't speak of the planning that the various participants in the economy do (which would be how the planning would be distributed in a nearly pure capitalist society), but of centralized authorities.

      It is quite clear that pure capitalist systems are 100% sure to fail. Like 100% pure any type of system for that matter... it is just not how people function and therefor the way we run our civilization can also not funtion like that.

      The difference is that civilizations with a lot of capitalism do better than civilizations with a lot of central planning. For example, all of the supposed problems with a capitalist society, such as greed, externalities, economic crashes and booms, and monopolies/oligopolies, happen with planned economies (the central planning authority in particular is a far more powerful monopoly than anything a pure capitalist society would have, its externalities are far less addressable, its ability to ignore reality, and it would be a lot more capable vehicle of greed).

    2. Re:Not at all surprising by Mr.+Slippery · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Feel free to move to North Korea friend,

      Right, because the only possible alternative to capitalism is Maoism.

      Communism, we can all lounge around navel gazing our way through coffee table philosophy books as equals.

      Sure, an economic system based on the value and dignity of labor and the idea that the system should be run by and for workers rather than a state-backed aristocratic capitalist class, leads to lounging around all day navel gazing. Obviously.

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      Tom Swiss | the infamous tms | my blog
      You cannot wash away blood with blood
    3. Re:Not at all surprising by ideonexus · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Neil DeGrasse Tyson likes to remind us that "culture is what you don't notice." You might see PRC Propaganda in this description of Cixin's work, but if you think about what movies like "American Sniper" and "Top Gun" and the Superbowl must look like to non-Americans, then "propaganda" becomes a relative term. I have long been under the impression that Chinese culture is heavily censored and controlled, so I am perpetually amazed at the things I find portrayed in Chinese media, like the reoccurring themes of government corruption and the importance of a strong press.

      I just finished reading The Three Body Problem, and I did not see anything propaganda-like at all in the book. Cixin presents some pretty complex moral issues for the reader to wrestle with and an extremely damning portrayal of the Cultural Revolution as being anti-science, anti-intellectual, and horribly destructive to the environment. The book opens with a physics Professor on trial for the crime of teaching modern physics, which is considered Western propaganda. Later we see the Cultural Revolution slash-and-burning entire forests and turning them into deserts and one of the characters gets hold of and is influenced by Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, which is banned by the government for pushing capitalist ideology (how ironic from my American perspective). It is only decades later, when China experiences a renaissance of free public education and science that things are portrayed as getting better.

      --------Spoilers--------

      In fact, part of the aliens' plan to keep humanity weak is to undermine science and promote magical thinking in our culture. Despite the seemingly pro-environmentalism message early in the book, the aliens consider using environmentalism to halt our scientific progress. The reader is left to thinking about how we balance scientific progress against extreme environmental crimes like those committed during the Cultural Revolution.

      The bad guys in the book are a cult of of human beings who want an alien race to provide a central totalitarian government to the entire world. That doesn't exactly endorse central planning. The book portrays overt nationalism as detrimental and unsophisticated, as when a proposed nationalistic message to extraterrestrials is scrapped for a universal statement about humanity.

      I'm sure there are ways to interpret Cixin's writings as PRC Propaganda, but--like most complex texts--there are ways to support many criticisms of the text, even contradictory hypotheses.

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      i ~ Celebrating Science, Cyberspace, Speculation
    4. Re:Not at all surprising by dryeo · · Score: 1, Insightful

      If a Chinese business person goes to a village, buys all the bananas and creates an artificial shortage, and then raises the price 300%, that is punishable by death. Why? Because he's creating an illegal monopoly, and using it to ruin the market.

      This kind of ludicrous horror story gets invented time and again by opponents of free markets and rent seekers and they make no sense. How is the would-be profiteer actually going to make a business out of that and earn a profit?

      I paid an extra $15 to fill my gas tank yesterday compared to last week, every gas station had raised its price by exactly the same amount while the price of the raw product dropped slightly. Seems the oil companies want to continue earning record profits and as they collude and because people such as I need gas to get to work they can raise prices to increase their profit margins with impunity.
      Now if it was really bananas, I could easily switch to apples but when its something you need rather then a luxury...

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      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_totalitarianism
  2. Re: Okay, you've got my attention. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Good translations are awesome. Ever read The Cyberiad?

  3. Re:Very insightful by blue+trane · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Don't forget state money creation on an unprecedented scale, and a high tolerance for non-performing loans.

  4. Please read the book before commenting by renzhi · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It's unfortunate that a good sci-fi book and a good hard sci-fi writer appears on Slashdot, and the discussion turns around PRC propaganda, anti-Chinese sentiment, bad communism, eviltotalitarian government, etc, etc, just because the author is from China? You might want to read the book first before commenting, you might be surprised. It might even open your eyes to a whole new world from your stereotypical veil.

    A couple of people here had already read the book, and given a pretty insightful comment, kudo to them. I read the whole series, in Chinese, last year, in one week, and I couldn't give a better comment.

    The Three Body Problem is a serie of 3 books, involving science, philosophy, religion, world conflict, environment, culture, love, etc. If you like the Clarke's Space Odessey and the Rama series, and the Asimov's Foundation series, and the Herbert's Dune series, you would like these books as well. The books leave you with a lot of issues to ponder upon, from a humanity, as a whole, perspective. Theses issues are not specific to one people or one culture.

    Please put down your stereotypical glasses and forget for a moment that the author is Chinese, and read the book just like you would do any other book. You might enjoy it a lot more.

  5. Re:Maybe, maybe not. by tehcyder · · Score: 4, Insightful

    From TFA, it seems that Liu has more of a leaning to the utopian Star Trek. Has he pushed that anywhere new? Or even how humanity will be different in the billion years of his story?

    Not to mention, the idea that "capitalism" is the bane of humanity is so hilariously false it's difficult to even find words. If it weren't for capitalism intruding into China's once-red-totalitarian-socialist economy, he'd still be digging up beets for a living, not working in a power plant or writing science fiction.

    Just because capitalism is better than totalitarianism doesn't mean that capitalism is good, and it certainly doesn't mean that capitalism is the high point of human evolution.

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    To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it