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Genetically Engineered Yeast Makes It Possible To Brew Morphine

PvtVoid writes: The New York times reports that newly developed yeast strains will soon make it possible to create morphine from fermentation of sugar. While no one has claimed to make morphine in lab from scratch yet, concerns are already being raised about potential abuse. According to the Times article: "This rapid progress in synthetic biology has set off a debate about how — and whether — to regulate it. Dr. Oye and other experts said this week in a commentary in Nature Chemical Biology that drug-regulatory authorities are ill prepared to control a process that will benefit the heroin trade much more than the prescription painkiller industry. The world should take steps to head that off, they argue, by locking up the bioengineered yeast strains and restricting access to the DNA that would let drug cartels reproduce them.

23 of 333 comments (clear)

  1. Sudafed by jdavidb · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Forget morphine - could I just get a way to simply, legally obtain sudafed without rigamarole at the pharmacy?

    1. Re:Sudafed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Fun fact: the word is "rigmarole," not "rigamarole."

      I know nobody cares. Further evidence for this: nearly everyone gets that wrong.

    2. Re:Sudafed by russotto · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Pseudoephederine is already produced from yeast.

      Of course, if it becomes cheaper to produce opiates from yeast than from current processes, trying to keep the yeasts secret or locked up will be futile. The stuff reproduces itself; all it takes is one well-bribed or entrepreneurial employee.

    3. Re:Sudafed by Holi · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Fun fact, doesn't change the fact that its spelled wrong.

      --
      Sorry, teleporters just kill you and then make a copy. A perfect, soul-less copy.
    4. Re:Sudafed by garyisabusyguy · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Whole new angle on home-brewing and probably a heck of a lot less obvious than a field of poppies growing on your property

      I thought that the development of coal-tar based opioid synthesis processes in the US was supposed to support the wholesale eradication of poppies and black market production of opium and heroin.

      That obviously failed because farmers want the income, so in the EU they allow farmers to grow poppies, then purchase the entire crop in bulk for use in their pharmaceutical processes. This allows the farmers to get the income and reduces the opiates in the black market

      When will the US stop deluding itself and simply purchase bulk poppies from farmers in Central and South America who simply want a source of income? This will reduce the number of people who trade in the black market and reduce the opium available for heroin production

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      Wherever You Go, There You Are
    5. Re:Sudafed by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Insightful

      all it takes is one well-bribed or entrepreneurial employee.

      Or one employee that believes in personal freedom, and also realizes that yeast produced opiates will shut down the cartels, hurt the Taliban, reduce violence, and pretty much make the world a better place ... unless you are either a criminal or a cop.

    6. Re:Sudafed by meerling · · Score: 4, Insightful

      True, but for a large scale operation you are going to want to have a bioreactor for both efficiency and scale, not to mention reducing the dead giveaway large quantity of people to tend the more manual methods.
      Further complication include issues with production of the new substance possibly interfering with the lifecycle of the host itself. (That's the yeast if anyone didn't get that.) And let's not forget the separation and purification of the desired product.
      You do know that they use microbes to make a number of different things, such as human insulin and interferon? Just look up some of the history of those developments, and you'll get a hint of some possible difficulties. Besides, there was a market for large quantities of cheap human insulin & interferon, while the previous methods of production were horribly inefficient and could never even come close to the demand.
      I'm going to hazard a guess that the criminal cartels would be opposed to this technology because it would be more expensive to the them to set up, would require workers of a higher skill & training, would cut out entire chunks of their existing structure, and would be easily capable of flooding the market and suppressing prices.
      Besides, other than banning the opiate producing strain, which only takes one leak to effectively neutralize that ban, what are you going to do? Ban genetically altered strains of microbes, and tobacco? Sorry, but I'd rather shoot the asshole that tries to do that, my life depends on one of those products, and so do a LOT of other peoples. Maybe you just want to ban the research into making illegal products. That would be a little better, but still futile. Eventually it will be easy enough to do that a talented high school student will someday succeed. Additionally, if it's not banned worldwide, someone will eventually do it someplace it's not illegal, and then there is the distinct possibility that it will get loose.
      Of course, there is still something people are not looking at, their strain produces morphine, a controlled, but legal, substance. Yeah, it can be turned into heroin, but so can all the legal morphine which is usually made from FLOWERS that people grow! It's used in medicine. I was once in a hospital ward and I was the only patient not receiving morphine. (The reason for that doesn't matter.) So there IS a legal trade in the product produced by that yeast, but because it can be used to make an illegal one, some people want to ban it. You know, that's not a wise path to tread upon. If something can be banned because something illegal can be made from/with it, how long until everything is banned? You know politicians, give them an inch, and they'll run you over with your own vehicle and drag you a mile down the road.

    7. Re: Sudafed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Insightful

      And the products which replaced it are useless. I notice the party of small government has yet to get the government out if that part of our lives. The whole behind the counter/mandatory ID thing is one of the most intrusive, idiotic things in the history of this country and a testament to the social, economic, and freedom disaster that is the war on drugs. End it.

      As to this situation, how about we, you know, stop locking people up for wanting to briefly escape the miserable reality we force on too many and start offering proper treatment (including proper pain treatment where applicable) to those who need it? Addiction is no joke, but the crimes that go with it are largely the government's creation. They empower these drug dealers the same way they empowered gangs during prohibition. In a way they deserve each other, but we all end up paying for it.

    8. Re: Sudafed by amiga3D · · Score: 3, Insightful

      It's like we're incapable of learning from our mistakes and just keep repeating them over an over endlessly. How I wish people could just quit saying "they should make a law." That horrible, ignorant phrase has caused more harm than any other.

  2. Yeah good luck with that! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Insightful

    I think its inevitable that the drug cartels will find a way to get this. The answer to the drug problem is legalisation and regulation, treat addiction as the disease it is!

  3. They can't stop tons of heroin by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    But they can prevent even a few spores from getting into the hands of the cartels.
    Truthfully it would be the cartels who would fight a desperate drug war to keep this production democratizing yeast out of the hands of home brew street dealers and junkies killing off their trillion dollar middleman industry and their other side of the drug war profits with it.
    This is dangerous as it would take all of the violence and money form the heroin trade.

  4. Fan-tastic! by fuzzyfuzzyfungus · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Now buying homebrewing gear will join buying hydroponic gardening equipment on the list of 'completely legal things most likely to cause the DEA to batter down your door and shoot your dog.'

    That'll be fun.

  5. Re:Major changes in many countries by amorsen · · Score: 4, Insightful

    There has been practically zero progress on handling the demand side. Doing so would require a radical rethink of how Western countries deal with drugs and drug addiction. This is not likely to happen in the next 20 years at least, and it is stupid to condemn other countries to 20 more years of violence by keeping our focus on limiting supply.

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    Finally! A year of moderation! Ready for 2019?
  6. What can you do about it? by MikeRT · · Score: 3, Insightful

    At this point, anyone who uses hard drugs in the US is doing so after years of being told all of the nasty things they do to your body. There's no curing that level of stupid. There's a percentage of the population that in the absence of morphine, will abuse bath salts and model glue. No law can fix that complete lack of long term thinking.

    1. Re:What can you do about it? by Khashishi · · Score: 4, Insightful

      A lot of people who abuse drugs do so because their lives suck. Maybe they don't care about their long term health because they have no hope for the future and don't care if it kills them. Efforts to penalize them for using drugs simply makes their lives suck more and their future even more hopeless.

  7. Re:Major changes in many countries by garyisabusyguy · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Unfortunately, the one effective treatment for opioid addiction is Ibogaine, and medical study or application of it in America is illegal because it is a schedule 1 drug

    Yippee for 'Merica shooting itself in the foot for over 200 years

    --
    Wherever You Go, There You Are
  8. Re:It will kill the Afghan opium market by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Insightful

    And all our soldiers will have died for nothing, since that is why they are there, to keep the pipeline open.

    No the war was fought to bring to everyone the God-given right to drink alcohol and for women the right to wear bikinis... The tradeoff is we also fought for the right for women drivers. Some tradeoffs are worth it, though... ;^)

  9. All your genes are belong to us! by pla · · Score: 3, Insightful

    and restricting access to the DNA that would let drug cartels reproduce them

    One problem there - Humans contain the DNA for producing morphine. It works so well precisely because out body already uses it to regulate our natural pain response.

  10. Re:Major changes in many countries by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 5, Insightful

    oh, I dunno...figuring out how to not ensure demand stays at 100%.

    An obvious first step is to start treating addiction as a medical problem rather than as a criminal problem. Maybe we should spend less on police and prison guards, and more on doctors and nurses.

  11. Re:Major changes in many countries by garyisabusyguy · · Score: 3, Insightful

    We already did eliminate the need to grow opium and all opioids used in American pharmaceuticals come from a coal-tar process.

    This was supposed to bring about the end of illegal opium and heroin, but has not had the effect because it is very hard to get people to stop growing a plant that they can get paid lots of money for.

    Countries like Hungary allow farmers to grow a limited amount of poppies, which are purchased for use in the European pharma industry. This allows the farmers to make money and keeps it from becoming heroin

    There is no reason to believe that creating new ways to synthesize opioids will reduce the growing of poppies

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    Wherever You Go, There You Are
  12. Re: Reshape prohibition by Dunbal · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Who gives @#$*( if people start brewing narcotics at home.

    The same people who take the time to airbrush and blur out a boob on a Picasso, that's who. The best part is this kind of person thinks it is doing the world a favor.

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    Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
  13. Re:Major changes in many countries by dj245 · · Score: 5, Insightful

    There has been practically zero progress on handling the demand side. Doing so would require a radical rethink of how Western countries deal with drugs and drug addiction. This is not likely to happen in the next 20 years at least, and it is stupid to condemn other countries to 20 more years of violence by keeping our focus on limiting supply.

    In Canada (at least in Sydney, Nova Scotia), addicts get their fix right at the hospital. For free.

    It seems stupid at first, but it is extremely effective in reducing all kinds of crime related to drugs and addiction. Nobody there is breaking into houses or summer cabins looking for painkillers or goods to pawn. Nobody is stealing car stereos and pawning them to finance their habit. The number of people mixing dangerous chemicals in their house or garage is reduced. Why bother with all that when you just go to the hospital and get your legal high for free? Product originating from Taliban-controlled areas can't compete with free.

    If Marijuana is more your style, they have medical marijuana laws and lax enforcement of recreational use. The end result is that local people grow it in their basements, cutting out any foreign supplier or middlemen. Marijuana isn't free, but I have yet to hear of any case where someone broke the law in order to get money to buy weed.

    --
    Even those who arrange and design shrubberies are under considerable economic stress at this period in history.
  14. Re:Major changes in many countries by garyisabusyguy · · Score: 4, Insightful

    You are playing word games

    An addict can either pay for heroin, or pay for a substitute like methadone (assuming that they want to get off of heroin)

    If they decide to use heroin for their addiction, then they are criminals because there is no legal way to get heroin in America.
    This is very expensive and in many cases requires that they either steal from others, or sell heroin themselves. These are both criminal activities

    We have a lot of 'prevention' activities going on right now. They seem to be ineffective. One big problem with them is that they have created a large blackmarket infrastructure that is particularly good at finding and supplying new customers.

    Portugal has decriminalized all drugs and as a result reduced the number of new users, which is to say that decriminalization is the path to prevention

    Try selling that idea in America

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    Wherever You Go, There You Are