Knowing C++ Beyond a Beginner Level

Nerval's Lobster writes: C++ is not an easy language to master, but many people are able to work in it just fine without being a 'guru' or anything along those lines. That being said, what separates C++ beginners from those with 'intermediate' skills, or even masters? According to this Dice article, it comes down to knowledge of several things, including copy constructors, virtual functions, how to handle memory leaks, the intricacies of casting, Lambda functions for C++11, (safe) exception handling and much more. All that being said, is there one particular thing or point that separates learners from masters?

Comments

Knowing when not to

[perpenso]

What separates C++ beginners from those with 'intermediate' skills, or even masters?

Knowing when not to use templates, virtualization, [insert favorite c++ function here], etc.

Basically knowing enough about programming and problem solving with a particular language to tell a need from a want. Needing to use some language feature vs wanting to use some language feature. And being mature enough to stick to needs rather than indulge wants.

Or to state things differently ... all the features have a time and place, and its probably not all the time and in every place.

Re: Knowing when not to

[Anonymous Coward]

but why should I write code for somebody who'll replace me ?

Because future you will replace present you. If you need to revisit code years later to fix a bug or add a feature, you want to be able to pick it up straight away, rather than try to figure out the mess you left behind.

It's not about knowing, it's about understanding

[rippeltippel]

Since C++ is the language of choice when you need performance (along with C and - sometimes - assembly), to write good code it's essential to understand what each line of code does to the machine (memory, registers, ...) and if/how instructions can be optimized by the compiler.

This level of awareness is generally not required to be proficient in other languages, but in my experience it's what makes the difference between newbies and pros, at least in the areas where C++ is used for a good reason.

Said that, it can be useful to understand as much as possible of any language and C++ can provide strong foundations in that sense, as this short article points out: http://www.forbes.com/sites/qu....

Masters don't play with Dice

[MightyDrunken]

One of the defining feature of a non-beginner programmers is that they don't read Dice articles to find out anything about computer languages.

Re:Experts...

[Smerta]

I've made the exact same argument to co-workers at many firms... namespaces (e.g. Timer_Init()), virtual functions (tables of function pointers), etc. can be approximated / kludged together... but automatically invoking a function at the right place (destructor and, let's face it, the constructor is pretty handy too) is something that has to be baked into the language, and C++ has it. I work in safety-critical systems, and knowing that I can't leave a function with interrupts disabled, I can't forget to close this socket, etc. is incredibly comforting.

I'll quote Bjarne Stroustrup here:

"Just that closing brace. Here is where all the ‘magic’ happens in C++. Variables get destroyed, memory gets released, locks get freed, files get closed, names from outside the closed scope regain their meaning, etc. This is where C++ most significantly differs from other languages. It is interesting to see how destructors -- an invention (together with constructors) from the first week or so of C++ -- have increased in importance over the years. So many of the modern and most effective C++ techniques critically depend on them"