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"Happy Birthday" Public Domain After All?

New submitter jazzdude00021 writes: No song has had as contentious of copyright history as "Happy Birthday." The song is nearly ubiquitous at birthday parties in the USA, and even has several translations with the same tune. Due to copyrights held by Warner Music, public performances have historically commanded royalty fees. However, a new lawsuit has been brought to prove that "Happy Birthday" is, and always has been, in the public domain.The discovery phase for this lawsuit ended on July, 11 2014, yet this past week new evidence surfaced from Warner Music that may substantiate the claim that the lyrics were in the public domain long before the copyright laws changed in 1927.

183 comments

  1. Hum? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Remember what they say... Any news article that ends in a question mark is false.

    1. Re: Hum? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's not what "they" say. They say that any headline with a question mark can be answered in the negative. They don't say anything about that answer being correct.

    2. Re: Hum? by o_ferguson · · Score: 1
      --
      - In Soviet Korea, only old people loose all their bases to Natalie Portman's petrified hot grits overlords.
  2. Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 4, Informative

    Disney defends "Steamboat Willie" from about the same time frame to protect Mickey Mouse from falling into the public domain. "Happy Birthday" is from about the same time. This era is kept out of the public domain by repeated copyright law changes, the most recent being the DMCA which extended the time works stay copyrighted.

    1. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by jones_supa · · Score: 2, Insightful

      Disney invented Mickey and still actively uses the character in the company's productions. It's fair that Disney retains copyright to Mickey Mouse.

    2. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      That's a trademark, the copyright is in the cartoon 'steamboat willy', which should be copyable and would not stop Disney from holding the trademark.

    3. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

      Whether or not a copyright is used is irrelevant. You're thinking trademarks where they are granted for the context permanently as long as they remain used and defended.

      Copyrights are explicitly intended to be for a limited time and for most of American history that limited time was well within the lifespan of an average person. Until relatively recently the only way to obtain a copyright was to explicitly submit the material to the Library of Congress for certification at which point you were granted a 14 year exclusive use. You could apply for an additional 14 year grant but after 28 years the material would be forced to fall into the Public Domain and permanently accessible from the Library of Congress. You had those maximum of 28 years to make as much return on your investment as possible, but you were expected to then reinvest that return into new ventures. It was never intended that an entity could squat on the material indefinitely regardless of whether they continued to make money on it as much of the purpose was to incentivize the creation of new material through the very loss of that monopoly.

      The current form of copyright in the US is a perversion of that intention. Aside from the near indefinite monopoly status due to extensions granted to the Disney lobby there is also no requirement to submit the material to an archive. Works are simultaneously locked up permanently as well as lost forever. As with Disney an entity can create one work and rest on their laurels effectively eternally and never have to invest in new art forms. What's worse is that because of Disney everything else not explicitly put into the Public Domain is just as lost, regardless of whether or not anyone is still actively creating new works with it.

    4. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      You seem to be mixing up notions of trademark and copyright. Trademarks are for names, slogans, logos, and other such things that meant to establish a brand. Since brands can last indefinitely, they remain valid for as long as they are actively used. The name "Mickey Mouse" is certainly trademarkable.

      Copyrights, on the other hand, are meant to encourage the production of original works. They protect an original work for long enough that the author can profit from it, and then they expire early enough that the author is forced to make more original works to continue to earn an income. Copyrights are not (or at least were not originally intended to) to last forever.

      The copyright on old Mickey Mouse cartoons, the copyright on the design of the Mickey Mouse character, etc. should expire because copyright laws are meant to encourage the production of new works, and not to let Disney executives sit on their ass while earning an income from something a dead animator made almost a hundred years ago. But Disney's powerful political lobby has warped an distorted copyright law into something that it was never meant to be.

      The fact that you are conflating trademark with copyright (which is a common mistake), shows just how good the Disney lobby has been at brainwashing the public into believing that the public domain is effectively a myth.

    5. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by bohmt · · Score: 2

      You have that backwards. Exclusive right to a work is not a god given right, it's given by society as incentive to create something new. As such society limits it to something reasonable ( in theory ) so that new works can be created.

    6. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Zontar+The+Mindless · · Score: 1

      You're conflating trademarks and copyrights. No-one's disputing Disney's right to hold a *trademark* for the Mickey Mouse character and likeness to use in representing their company and its products.

      As for *copyright*, you're asking the wrong question. This is because copyright is not a right, but rather a privilege granted by the State. So the proper question in this case is, "Why should the government continue grant Disney the privilege of copyright on the Steamboat Willie cartoon *indefinitely*?"

      --
      Il n'y a pas de Planet B.
    7. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Duckman5 · · Score: 4, Informative

      Hundreds of cartoon characters were created in the early and mid 1900s. Only a few became successful and one of them was Mickey. Why should Disney make that asset available free to the public because the luck, creative and technical skills in pulling off a creative masterpiece is a lot? Why do creators of copyrighted work owe free stuff to the public? Do members of the public mail at least one dollar bill per year to failed artists? No. But artists are supposed to be charitable to the public somehow.

      So end this scam called limited times for copyrighted work. Disney and M. Mouse were valuable a few decades ago, are valuable today and will remain valuable a 100 years from today.

      I really hope that's sarcasm. I can't really tell. Sorry, but it just doesn't read well in print without some kind of sarcasm tag or a whole lot of exclamation points or something to indicate it.

      In the event that it's not, you do realize how stupid, ignorant, and deluded you are, right? The text of the constitution that authorizes copyright reads:

      To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;

      Notice the parts about promotion and limited that I highlighted? Yeah...copyright is a contract between the public and the artist. They get to make something, profit from it for a while, then we get to make something new out of it or just make it part of our culture and share it with others all we want. The current state of copyright has perverted that.

    8. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Austerity+Empowers · · Score: 2

      Because copyright is a human invention designed to encourage creative work by protecting what is otherwise easily copied and transferred around. That copyright protects the creator from unauthorized reproduction of his creation for a long enough period of time to allow him to recapture his investment. Once that period of time ends, he no longer has such protections and whether he likes it or not, his goods become public domain. He has plenty of time to both enjoy profit from his creation, and time to create something new which could subsequently be protected for another period of time.

      It was never intended to grant a creator indefinite immunity from reproduction of his creation. Very few individuals would either a) care to have their tax money spent defending greed, or b) be held hostage to someone who wants to rest on his laurels and have his publicly granted copyright used to allow him to become useless to society indefinitely. What we giveth as a society, we also taketh away, copyrights and patents are two such things.

    9. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.

      The above is otherwise known as the copyright clause of the US Constitution. Copyrights were not intended to be infinite. What you are thinking of are trademarks.

    10. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by jones_supa · · Score: 0

      The copyright on old Mickey Mouse cartoons, the copyright on the design of the Mickey Mouse character, etc. should expire because copyright laws are meant to encourage the production of new works, and not to let Disney executives sit on their ass while earning an income from something a dead animator made almost a hundred years ago.

      I don't see anything terribly wrong in that. There are more important battles to fight.

    11. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That's why Hollywood makes so many novel films, and so few remakes. If it wasn't for finite copyright periods... Oh, wait...

    12. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by BenJeremy · · Score: 1

      The laws are all screwed up and perverted by corporate interests.

      The fair thing is for copyrights to only last 14 years, maybe with a single extension to a total of 28 years, based on some specific criteria like popularity and cultural significance.

      Trademarks are the domain where Disney could protect its characters like Mickey Mouse from exploitation by others... Trademarking Mickey Mouse means nobody else can use that character to make a profit, while holding the copyright to a certain amount of time eliminates a LOT of wrangling and mess in the courts.

      Corporations have perverted the original purpose of the copyright laws to extend their revenue streams, but all that really does is devolve into petty squabbles trying to spring money from common citizens, such as in this stupid "Happy Birthday Song" nonsense.

    13. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Opportunist · · Score: 4, Insightful

      And that's exactly where the current form of copyright not only fails to address its original purpose but actually works against its purpose.

      The purpose was to give people an incentive to create works of art by giving them an monetary incentive to do so. If you can monopolize something great for a time (instead of fearing that whatever you create immediately being copied by anyone, rendering your work worthless), you have an incentive to create something great and reap the rewards of your work. That's fine.

      Now, last thing I heard about "happy birthday" was that it makes 5 grand a DAY for Warner. Now, imagine you made "happy birthday". And got 5 grand a day from it. Where the fuck is your incentive to EVER create anything again? 5 grand a day? Fuck, I couldn't be assed to do anything but sit there and rake in the money for the rest of my life. Why bother work ever again if you already get more money than you can sensibly spend without doing anything?

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    14. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      Why do creators of copyrighted work owe free stuff to the public?

      Because in the course of the long haul, society benefits from a continually diverse influx of creative works. Certainly there is a valid argument (and one that I very strongly support) that the creator or agents authorized by the creator should be allowed a monopoly on controlling content that they distribute for a limited time, but if that content is not ultimately allowed to be freely copied by the society that it was provided for, then the content creator is disincentivized (is that a word?) from actually providing or creating other works. Given that almost the entire point of copyright in the first place was to give the creator some kind of assurance that their works could not be freely copied by other people even if they published, thereby providing an incentive to publish and so have the potential to enrich society by an influx of creative works, not ultimately releasing the work into public domain after some set period (where, if society is so inclined, the public can then further transmogrify it or build upon it to create even more diverse works in the future to the extent that other intellectual property whose ownership may survive the copyright expiration, such as trademarks, are properly respected), is wholly counterproductive to the real benefit of copyright.

      Disney holds a trademark on Mickey Mouse, and can retain said ownership into perpetuity. That aspect alone can rightfully keep anyone else from utilizing the character in their own works, forever, if Disney so desires, but the works themselves are copyrighted, and the duration on copyright should necessarily be limited to maximize any potential benefit it can offer to society. IMO, no copyright should last more than 30 or so years after the date of first publication, and probably less for certain types of works that are continually deprecated by newer works such as computer software.

    15. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Exclusive right to a work is not a god given right

      It may not be god-given, but it should be the ethical and legal right. You paid exactly squat for the talent of the artist, his training and the hard work that went into creating his/her copyrighted works. So why should you get it for free, since it's unlikely you will spend 1 dollar on a copyrighted work that does not satisfy your needs or profit you in some way?

      Don't you have a legal government provided right to be safe from physical harm by malicious people, to have protection from thieves who would happily steal your money and property? You do. Well, this is the same exact right that should be provided to artists (from pirates and the freeloading, anti-copyright masses).

      My point, it's not a favor provided by the government. It's more like their duty to protect their copyright-holding citizens.

      it's given by society as incentive to create something new.

      Most artists will create new works even after they're financially successful. The decision to limit profits is ultimately due to evil and greed of the consumers.

    16. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by paiute · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Copyright should be renewable forever upon payment of a fee every ten years or so. If a property is so valuable that it generates income, fine. Keep paying the fee and keep the property. If nobody is making money from it and nobody can be bothered to make the payment, then the property falls into the public domain.

      --
      If Slashdot were chemistry it would look like this:Cadaverine
    17. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by paiute · · Score: 2

      To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.

      The above is otherwise known as the copyright clause of the US Constitution. Copyrights were not intended to be infinite. What you are thinking of are trademarks.

      1000 years is still a "limited Time"

      --
      If Slashdot were chemistry it would look like this:Cadaverine
    18. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Deep+Esophagus · · Score: 1

      No. Any mechanism by which copyrights can be maintained forever will be abused. The DisneyCorps of the world will just automate the system to the point that long after human life is extinct, their computers will continue renewing copyright and submitting payments.

      Why? Because if they ever let copyright lapse, even on property they doubt will ever make another dime, somebody else might make a profit off that work, and that would be money the copyright holders would feel they lost due to negligence.

      How about this: Copyrights can be renewed periodically... by the original creator of the work. Make copyrights non-transferable, and no matter how stubborn and greedy the content creator is, that iron grip will die with him or her.

    19. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by nytes · · Score: 0

      Sure, but make the fee annual.

      Start it at free for ten years, and then one penny for the 11th year. Then double it every year. Anything under $100 is waived.

      If the IP is valuable enough, you'll pay the ~$43M copyright renewal at 42 years, otherwise you'll let it lapse like it should.

      --
      -- I have monkeys in my pants.
    20. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by jones_supa · · Score: 0

      That suits me very well. Have fun wasting your time. I'm sure that getting a crusty monochrome cartoon called "Steamboat Willie" in public domain will be very satisfying and well worth the effort. So long, suckers! :D

    21. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by alexgieg · · Score: 1

      Walt Disney isn't creating any new art since he died.

      By the way, how much are you willing to pay the descendants of the inventors of the 200 or so glyphs of the extended Latin alphabet? You aren't an evil and greed consumer of texts who wants to avoid paying your due for every single usage of A, a, B, b, C, c... {, [, !, @... 7, 8 and 9, or are you?

      --
      Conservatism: (n.) love of the existing evils. Liberalism: (n.) desire to substitute new evils for the existing ones.
    22. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by careysub · · Score: 0

      Accepting the very notion that an intangible intellectual creation should be owned by an immortal corporation forever shows that decades of corporate propagandizing has had its effect. Why should the government provide the service of locking up our culture forever to a private interest? Accepting the very notion is perverse, quibbling about the terms is nothing but surrendering to a corrupt arrangement.

      This is what people mean by "rent seeking" - using the law to secure perpetual control of revenue for which you do nothing. "Intellectual property" has become a gold mine of rent seeking by corporations, "creating" wealth out of thin air* by getting legislation passed that awards it to them.

      *It is not really out of thin air, laws extending copyrights retroactively are producing it by stealing it from the rest of society.

      --
      Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
    23. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Trolly troll is trolly!

    24. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by spire3661 · · Score: 2

      Exactly. There needs to be 'cultural ubiquity' limits like with trademarks. Happy Birthday is a cultural artifact and its copyright should be rescinded due to ubiquity and cultural importance. At least that is a system i would like to see put in place.

      --
      Good-bye
    25. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by careysub · · Score: 0

      Because copyright law only affects this one cartoon?

      I am surprised you published such a foolish, shillish argument under your username "jones_supa". Usually only ACs post such lameness.

      (And the "ignore this issue, cause there are other (unspecified) more important issues" is a meaningless, all-purpose bit of demagoguery, as it can be thrown out at any time on any issue with no investment of thought. Weak, weak, stuff.)

      --
      Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
    26. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Something as basic as letters or words are not copyrightable. It would be the equivalent of a infinite patent on the wheel -- that is, make the life of people inventing products based on wheels, a hell. Copyrighted works, on the other hand, don't prevent anyone from creating their own works. Copyright just ensures the current owner gets paid based on how much the work is selling.

      As far as copyright on the glyphs for the letter font goes, the consumer or manufacturer who uses them, pays or has to pay for their use. I'm sure Microsoft and Apple license the various fonts included in their respective OSes.

      Walt Disney isn't creating any new art since he died.

      So? There are many descendents of people who owned real estate, farms, businesses, hotels and restaurants that are enjoying the fruits of their parents' hard work and investments. How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

    27. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by spire3661 · · Score: 1

      There is no legal or moral REASON to grant perpetual copyright. The original point of copyright is to enrich the public more than the artist. The Public's interest is supposed dominant here. Granting perpetual copyright to ideas is very bad.

      --
      Good-bye
    28. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orphan_works

    29. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Insanity+Defense · · Score: 2

      Take it up with Disney for all the OUT OF COPYRIGHT works they plagiarized in making movies. They have benefitted greatly by the public domain but refuse to add to it.

    30. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by careysub · · Score: 1

      1000 years is still a "limited Time"

      So is a trillion years. Perhaps we should extend all copyrights to a trillion years, by that logic.

      --
      Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
    31. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But did your artist paid for all inspirations from folk music and similar not copyrighted sources? Or do you believe that creativity can exist in vacuum? If you take something from society - you must return something.

      And how much do you think is fair to earn for hard job of writing one good song? Is it 1000$? 10000$? 1M? 100M? Unlimited? Music or any other intellectual "property" is not a thing you know. It is not a house. A builder, no matter how hard working and how talented, does not earn for every day you spend in your house he built for you. Isn't it unfair?

    32. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by sjames · · Score: 1

      If for no other reason, because Walt freely and willingly placed the work under copyright.

      Meanwhile, Disney owes a LOT to the story tellers that went before them. Care to name the first movie Disney produced that wasn't somehow derived from an existing work?

    33. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      1000 years is still a "limited Time"

      So is a trillion years. Perhaps we should extend all copyrights to a trillion years, by that logic.

      Proponents have argued that the law should be changed to allow them for "forever minus one day". Same affect as your proposal, but the Mary Bono was testifying before Congress when she suggested it, and she was serious.

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    34. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by RabidReindeer · · Score: 1

      Hundreds of cartoon characters were created in the early and mid 1900s. Only a few became successful and one of them was Mickey. Why should Disney make that asset available free to the public because the luck, creative and technical skills in pulling off a creative masterpiece is a lot?

      Indeed. And why shouldn't the heirs of the people who invented the tales of Snow White, Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella, The Little Mermaid, Jack and the Beanstalk, the legends of King Arthur and so forth not be getting paid royalties because someone else (for example, say, Disney) has made use of them?

    35. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      But did your artist paid for all inspirations from folk music and similar not copyrighted sources? Or do you believe that creativity can exist in vacuum? If you take something from society - you must return something.

      Yes, I think places, things, people, events and other things critically responsible for the artistic work should be compensated somehow... perhaps a royalty percentage similar to how the artists themselves are paid. So if you're selling a great photo of a park, you owe the park owner royalty.

      And how much do you think is fair to earn for hard job of writing one good song? Is it 1000$? 10000$? 1M? 100M? Unlimited? Music or any other intellectual "property" is not a thing you know. It is not a house.

      How much hard work exerted is only a small part of the equation and should not be calculated on the amount of conscious effort involved since creative works also involve a difficult to calculate subconscious and unconscious effort. A large part of on song's value is how desirable it is to the public.

      You can make a loss from making the song or make millions, there's no fixed value like a business. This is different from the communistic or wage slave mentality where there is little risk or capital to be lost but there is a limited, fixed salary for ones work. So, I would say, the maximum value you can derive from the song, just like the maximum value you can derive from a house unless you know of cases where landlords have donated their houses to charity after a certain fixed profit goal was achieved.

    36. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      Exclusive right to a work is not a god given right

      It may not be god-given, but it should be the ethical and legal right.

      It already is. You have exclusive right to anything you create. Now, if you want to distribute it for a fee, then you are given a monopoly on the ability to make copies of that work. The only copy any owners of a copy of your work may create is the one in his/her brain. I have exclusive control of all the books on my bookshelf. Some of them I can scan into my computer and print all the copies I want. Some, however, I am forbidden from doing so by federal law. If I do so, the grantee of the exclusive right to make copies may sue me for infringement. If you create something and you don't want anyone from accessing it, you have a [god-given][inherent][whatever] right to keep it to yourself. When you make a copy for me, it is governed by "first sale doctrine" and I own that copy - exclusively - and may do with it what I want. See - it's not yours any more. That copy is mine.

      You paid exactly squat for the talent of the artist, his training and the hard work that went into creating his/her copyrighted works.

      That has nothing to do with anything. If the artist releases his work, it's done by creating copies. Those are paid for and owned by the purchasers. I have created MANY works using my brilliance and talent that I have never received any payment for. You do not have a right to be paid for everything you do. Nobody gives a shit about your time or talent if none of it is marketable.

      Don't you have a legal government provided right to be safe from physical harm by malicious people, to have protection from thieves who would happily steal your money and property? You do. Well, this is the same exact right that should be provided to artists (from pirates and the freeloading, anti-copyright masses).

      Nope, that is incorrect. Property is tangible, and when stolen, you no longer have it. Copyright is not property. It is a right to make copies. A more rational analogy would be that corporations are stealing from people that buy copies of CDs with music on them, by manufacturing them with a limited lifespan. Without the right to make copies of that CD, purchasers are at some point deprived of their property (a copy of some musical bits) without compensation.

      My point, it's not a favor provided by the government. It's more like their duty to protect their copyright-holding citizens.

      And as I have shown above, your point is demonstrably false. They already protect their copyright-holding citizens. By allowing them to sue someone that makes copies of their works without authorization.

      Most artists will create new works even after they're financially successful.

      But do they continue for 70 years after they are dead? Because the exclusive right to make copies of their works lasts that long. And it deprives the public of its cultural heritage and the ability to honor and celebrate their artists after they are gone.

      So? There are many descendents of people who owned real estate, farms, businesses, hotels and restaurants that are enjoying the fruits of their parents' hard work and investments. How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

      Your inability to see the difference between a tangible asset (and depriving the owner of that tangible asset), and the grant of an exclusive right to perform an activity (copying), is truly a stunning example of your myopic view. The world does not owe you a living. And it certainly does not owe you and your kids a lifetime of earnings for a extremely short-term amount of work.

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    37. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      If you're so against copyright why don't you and people like you learn to draw, paint, sing, compose music, etc. Then you can create artistic works you can distribute for free to the public. That's better than whining on forums how other people are not offering their hard-earned stuff to you for free.

    38. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by calidoscope · · Score: 2

      I'd modify the proposal for copyright to be free for 14 years, 5% gross royalties from 15 to 28 years, 10% gross royalties from 29 to 56 years, then 25% gross royalties after that.

      --
      A Shadeless room is a brighter room.
    39. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 1

      Copyright should be renewable forever upon payment of a fee every ten years or so. If a property is so valuable that it generates income, fine. Keep paying the fee and keep the property.

      NO. The whole point of copyright was to encourage writers and publishers and artists to invest time in making a good product. It originated because publishers who tried to print a book had to invest a lot of money in things like manual typesetting and proofreading -- but the better-known publisher down the street could just buy the first copy, recreate it (cheaper, with more errors, but good enough), and make all the money (because they make it on the cheap), while the first (lesser-known) publisher goes out of business.

      The whole idea is to allow time for people to recoup their time and investment in creating a quality product. Unlike most professions where you get paid at the end of the week or the month, a novelist may spent months or years creating a book, and a publisher (in the olden days) might spend months typesetting it... in hopes to recoup that investment of time and resources.

      Most copyrights back when they started (in the late 1400s) were 7-10 years. That's plenty, in my view. But I'd be happy to go back to the original 1790 Copyright Act: 14 years, plus the possibility of a single renewal. That is MORE THAN ENOUGH. If you can't recoup your expenses in 14 years or produce something else in those 14 years that keeps your business going, you deserve to go out of business.

      The idea of copyright was never that somebody would do one thing and live off of the profits forever. It was to provide payment for services rendered, which would encourage creators to make more quality products in the future.

    40. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 1

      1000 years is still a "limited Time"

      But that interpretation is not possible in context. Read it again:

      To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.

      So, copyright terms can only be justified if they "promote progress." Which basically occurs if the specified "authors and inventors" are encouraged to create more things. A 1000-year copyright term doesn't encourage more "progress" -- it only rewards someone (and that person's descendants) lucky enough to come up with something really popular.

      A copyright term longer than a lifespan is thus not justified by the Constitution.

      If I said to an artist or inventor, "You've done really cool things: I'll pay you X dollars per month starting now 'to promote progress' in your science/arts" and all you do is sit on your butt for the rest of your life and collect your check, have you done what I asked for? If you die and send some random guy to collect your check every month, are YOU (the artist/inventor) "promoting progress" in your science/art? So a 1000-year copyright term cannot achieve what the text of the law demands.

    41. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 3, Informative

      Well, it's a little more complicated than that.

      The sine qua non of a trademark is that all goods with the same mark originate from the same source. If this is true, the mark can be protected. If not, the mark cannot be protected. This is why trademark holders are always concerned with infringers; if the infringer is not stopped, there will be identically marked goods originating from different sources, and the protected status of the mark is jeopardized and can be lost.

      Trademarks and copyrights only sometimes overlap with regard to the subject matter that they protect (e.g. a very artistic trademark could be protected by copyright as a work of art; a mere word used as a trademark could not be copyrighted, however). However, copyright is considered the superior right; a trademark is not allowed to function as a substitute for a copyright, nor to interfere with copyright policy.

      This means that if the trademark is a character from a creative work, and the work is in the public domain, copyright law allows everyone to make copies and use the work and thus the character from the work, as they see fit. Trademark rights in the character can't interfere with this, so to the extent that there is a conflict, the trademark loses.

      So the MICKEY MOUSE trademark might survive with regard to products unrelated to creative works, like those ice cream bars that looked like a Mickey Mouse head. But it would not survive with regard to movies, books, comics, television shows, etc. And I wouldn't want to bet money on whether it would survive with regard to things like t-shirts or hats that might feature Mickey Mouse in an ornamental capacity, rather than as a trademark. So a lot of the merchandising gravy train would derail.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    42. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 2

      Until relatively recently the only way to obtain a copyright was to explicitly submit the material to the Library of Congress for certification at which point you were granted a 14 year exclusive use. You could apply for an additional 14 year grant but after 28 years the material would be forced to fall into the Public Domain and permanently accessible from the Library of Congress. You had those maximum of 28 years to make as much return on your investment as possible, but you were expected to then reinvest that return into new ventures.

      "Relatively recently?" What are you, a highlander?

      The 14+14 term you describe lasted from 1790 to 1831. Then it became 28+14. And in 1909, it became 28+28. That's the term that changed relatively recently, in 1978, to life + 70, etc.

      Still, kudos on the general thrust of your argument.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    43. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      The whole point of copyright was to encourage writers and publishers and artists to invest time in making a good product.

      No, the whole point of copyright was to promote the progress of science (which is an archaic term for knowledge) and to thus serve the public interest.

      Half of that involves encouraging authors to create and publish works which they would not have created and published but for copyright. But the other half is to grant the least amount of protection, for the least amount of time, that is necessary to accomplish that.

      And the success of any copyright law is measured in how much of a benefit it provides for the public (in terms of the number of works created and published), less how much harm it causes the public (by restricting the free use of the works).

      The idea of copyright ... was to provide payment for services rendered, which would encourage creators to make more quality products in the future.

      No. First, copyright doesn't guarantee any reward for the author or publisher; that's left to the market. All copyright does is funnel some of the profits available for the work toward the copyright holder. If a work is a flop, the copyright holder doesn't make any money.

      Second, copyright doesn't care about quality. A brilliant work gets as much protection as a crappy one, (and again, the market may reward crappy works over 'quality works). This is necessary because artistic value is a matter of subjective judgment that the government should not be involved in. Quantity is the only permissible metric, and since a larger number of works will tend to result in a larger number of 'quality' works (see Sturgeon's Law) it's all okay in the end.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    44. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      As far as copyright on the glyphs for the letter font goes, the consumer or manufacturer who uses them, pays or has to pay for their use. I'm sure Microsoft and Apple license the various fonts included in their respective OSes.

      Letter shapes are not copyrightable in the US. They may be eligible for a design patent, but that's relatively short-lived. Usually the only protectable thing, especially over a decent timeframe, is the name, as a trademark. That's why Apple's version of Helvetica from way back was called Geneva, and Microsoft's was called Arial.

      How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

      We do.

      We impose taxes on inheritances, because inheritance of substantial wealth is harmful to society. We impose taxes on property, because ownership of large, unproductive estates is harmful to society. We abolish property rights like the fee tail because inalienable property rights are harmful to society.

      All property rights, beyond what an individual person can defend from others by force, relies entirely on the willing cooperation of others. The only reason I don't own the Brooklyn Bridge is because I can't convince enough people that I do. But if I were more convincing (or could overcome the force that would be mustered against me if I just tried to block others' access to it), my right of ownership would be perfectly legitimate.

      Copyright operates similarly; no author has a right to tell others that they can't make copies, etc. of a work, merely because the author created it. All the author can do is keep the work a secret, if he's worried about that. Or he can convince others to respect his wishes. Just as you might not like to recognize my right of ownership of the Brooklyn Bridge merely because I really, really want you to, so too are third parties unlikely to honor a claim of copyright unless it provides some benefit to them that would not be enjoyed otherwise.

      And so the deal with copyright is that we're willing to recognize an author's claim of copyright for a little while, because it seems to be useful to society, but eventually we're going to stop, and instead treat the work as being in the public domain, for the same reason. Authors can't stop that from happening, and there's too little benefit for the public in a perpetual copyright to bother recognizing them. It's a one-sided deal in favor of the public, but thems the breaks.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    45. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      A small nit here:

      An exclusive right isn't a right that is held only by one party (and in fact, copyrights can be held by many parties), but is literally a right to exclude others.

      So copyright isn't a right to make copies (that's free speech, and it applies even to works that aren't eligible for copyright). It is instead a right to exclude other people from making copies, and from doing certain other things with regard to the protected work.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    46. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      Disney holds a trademark on Mickey Mouse, and can retain said ownership into perpetuity. That aspect alone can rightfully keep anyone else from utilizing the character in their own works, forever,

      No, that part of the trademark will lapse when the copyright terminates. A trademark can't function as a substitute for a copyright. The remainder of the trademark might prevent people from selling MICKEY MOUSE brand breakfast cereal, but it would not stop them from using the character in their own works.

      This is really the main reason that Disney is concerned about copyright terms; they know what would happen to the trademark.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    47. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you're so for copyright, why don't you explain to us why it is such a good idea to use something that was originally granted a very limited term in order to promote innovation to be used explicitly to stifle innovation?

    48. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How about the builders? Are they being given money for the buildings they built that those particular parents used?

      Under your argument, they should be because they put the hard work into building, and they were the ones who invested (in their skills) to build it. They got paid for it at the time? So? Disney was paid for his work at the time, and he achieved copyright.

      Oh look.

      Comparing eggs with apples doesn't help support your argument, does it?

    49. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by alexgieg · · Score: 1

      Copyrighted works, on the other hand, don't prevent anyone from creating their own works.

      Yes, they do. A person may be a good creator of characters, of settings, of situations, and of dialogues, and having the four abilities, produce a full original novel. Another person might be good at three, two or one of the four, and therefore unable to exercise his creativity except by means of appropriating respectively one, two or three of those from another artist.

      Case in point: fanfic. I read a lot of fanfic, some of which better than the original. And why is it better? Because while the original author was good at, say, two of the above four, he wasn't very good at the other two, while the fanfic author complements this weakness, the end result being a fully realized work of art that wouldn't exist otherwise.

      Under your scenario however, the fanfic author is in the wrong "just because", no matter how much this harms other artists, and the cultural development of a society as a whole.

      How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

      Your workaround to the question of glyphs show you yourself wouldn't accept the full implications of your conceptual framework. This here is another example, because you actually require this very thing from, among others, house painters. Do you pay monthly royalties to the artist who painted your living room? No? Why? Just because he did a minimalist, one-color private installation? Why is this relevant?

      And how about the engineer who projected the road over which that person you photographed the other day stood? Did you get a license to make copies of his artistic project which you unconsciously appropriated in your own artistic endeavors?

      The silliness you think you're seeing in the above examples is the exact same silliness those who oppose copyright see in the arguments of copyright defenders. And the arguments you use against these examples are also the arguments copyright opposers use. And any difference you'd pretend to find between these positions, thinking your own reasonable, and that of copyright opposers unreasonable, is an arbitrary line drawn in the sand with blurry edges, no more and no less.

      --
      Conservatism: (n.) love of the existing evils. Liberalism: (n.) desire to substitute new evils for the existing ones.
    50. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I completely agree with you, but just for the sake of playing devil's advocate, I could easily spend more than 5 grand a day on Warhammer 40000.

      And that's just if I tried to keep up with the new rulebooks!

      (cue Statler and Waldorf)

    51. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 0

      "first sale doctrine" and I own that copy - exclusively - and may do with it what I want.

      You may not do what you want with it. You paid a lousy $10 or $50 for a copy for personal use. That's it. The actual asset may cost millions or billions. So if you pay less than $100 for something worth millions/billions, it automatically means you can't do what you want with it. Try using some common sense next time.

      If you reverse engineer it, you're stealing the design. If you redistribute it, you're a pirate.

      But do they continue for 70 years after they are dead?

      No, but they have children and wives to feed. Why do you care who is making how much money? It's none of of your damn business. You neither created the work nor do you have any rights to it.

      And it deprives the public of its cultural heritage and the ability to honor and celebrate their artists after they are gone.

      How about honoring and celebrating them while they are alive or does that hurt your wallet? And it doesn't hurt your culture, because you can still buy the work from the store. It's also quite amusing to note that human culture has largely come from creative people who have gotten screwed over by the government, businesses and now, the consumers.

      The world does not owe you a living. And it certainly does not owe you and your kids a lifetime of earnings for a extremely short-term amount of work.

      That's exactly the point I'm trying to make: the artists don't owe you a damn thing. They created their works and so it belongs to them, and certainly not freeloaders like yourself after a certain amount of time. "Limited times" was/is a huge mistake. No one should be forcibly robbed off their property.

      And what gives you the right to decide how much money someone can make off their work? Are you some kind of dictator? All works are not equal: a cashier can make $10/hr, senior engineer $100/hr, an attorney $250-$1000/hr etc. Similarly, creators and owners of copyrighted works can make hundreds to thousands of dollars/hr for their work. There is nothing stopping you from doing the same and nothing wrong with copyright owners making millions from a "short-term amount of work."

    52. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Can you explain how innovation is stifled if copyright duration is infinite? Bill Gates and Steve Jobs didn't quit their company after making their first billion. A billion dollars is a lot for one person and his family. So why did they continue to work?

    53. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Yes, they do. A person may be a good creator of characters, of settings, of situations, and of dialogues, and having the four abilities, produce a full original novel. Another person might be good at three, two or one of the four, and therefore unable to exercise his creativity except by means of appropriating respectively one, two or three of those from another artist.

      No, they don't. Remember, copyright protects the exact expression of ideas, not the ideas themselves. So you can create a comic with a Mickey Mouse-ish type character, as long as he does not look too similar to Mickey Mouse. And that's exactly what creators of content do. They steal a lot of ideas from other copyrighted content. And it's perfectly legal until the day comes when those ideas are themselves protected.

      Do you pay monthly royalties to the artist who painted your living room? No? Why?

      LOL, what a retarded argument. There's no royalties because that's menial work, not creative work. Maybe you can't tell the difference because you've never done creative work in your life. And royalties are paid only once per sale. So I'm only paying once if I buy a painting from the copyright owner and Apple pays only 70 cents to the copyright owner for each song sold on iTunes.

    54. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by sumdumass · · Score: 1

      Ok, gross royalties is nothing to it is perpetual?

      Make copyright like patents- for a limited time that is in all realistic measures, limited.

    55. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by KGIII · · Score: 1

      I have nothing to add really but Helvetica is a good movie. As for copyright, I could argue, if they are still making money from it then how do you suppose we have an obligation to strip them of that asset? However, I prefer to be illogical and really want copyright reform because, frankly, I think works in the public good would be beneficial though I do not think this applies to Mickey Mouse.

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
    56. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by ThatAblaze · · Score: 1

      It would be a conflict of interest if the government made a percentage of the profit that a private or corporate entity made from a particular ruling. This would lead eventually to the gov issuing trademarks to large business for practically everything. I do not want to live in that world.

    57. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anomalyst · · Score: 1

      maybe with a single extension to a total of 28 years

      With a renewal fee of 10% of the 1st years gross income. If the property is valuable enough to renew, let 'em pay for the privilege.

      --
      There is no right to feel safe thru security vaudeville at the expense of everyone's freedom, privacy and tax money.
    58. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Write another one and make ten grand a day. Them hookers add up...

      Spitzer's squeeze cost him $4000 (four thousand) per HOUR.

      AC

    59. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by ockegheim · · Score: 1

      Corporations seem to become behemoths whose only creative activity is related to money-making and tax-avoidance. As a corporation, âoeowningâ the rights to creative work done in the nineteenth century is only made meaningful by the among of money it brings in. If bringing in money on a large scale gives you your jollies, this is your path to enlightenment.

      --
      I’m old enough to remember 16K of memory being described as “whopping”
    60. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      There is no stripping of assets.

      The natural state of a creative work is to be in the public domain. Authors do not create copyrights; the public creates them (through our servant, the government), with the public benefit in mind. Some works aren't even eligible for copyright at all, because it wouldn't be for the public benefit. When a copyright is granted, it is for a limited period of time, because a perpetual copyright can never be for the public benefit.

      Thus, a better way to imagine the situation is this: if the government owns a parcel of public land, such as a small building suitable for a restaurant at a visitor's center in a national park, it can rent the restaurant space to a private business for a period of time. So long as the restaurateur makes his rent and follows other previously agreed upon terms (e.g. compliance with applicable law, signage that complies with the standards set by the park administrators, etc) he is free to profit as much as he can.

      But when the lease expires, the restaurateur cannot argue that his business venue has been taken from him, even though it might be a profitable location forever. It was never his to begin with; he just got to use it for a while.

      Regarding Mickey Mouse, copyright policy has to ignore subjective assessments of artistic value. What's important is getting as many works as possible created, published, and into the public domain (and as close to the public domain as possible until fully in the public domain). That's how you best serve the public interest.

      And if an author argues that his private interest is more important than the public interest, that's all well and good, and I don't have a problem with his self interest (indeed, we're relying on it to motivate him), but why should the public ignore its own collective self interest? As there's no possibility of a copyright without it being granted by the public, authors are not in a strong bargaining position.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    61. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      Trademark can *DEFINITELY* keep other people from being legally free to use the character in their own works, particularly for commercial purposes. As you said, however, it cannot actually substitute for copyright, and so would not be able to prevent someone from legally copying a work that happens to utilize the trademark if the copyright on the work has expired, as long as the trademark itself is respected (ie, the proper ownership of the trademarked character is not challenged in any way, which may sometimes require explicit acknowledgement of who owns the trademark).

    62. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Forever+Wondering · · Score: 1

      Uh, not quite the same era. "Steamboat Willie" was 1927, but "The Birthday Song" was originally penned by [attributed to] Patty and Mildred J Hill in 1893.

      Disney has always renewed copyrights, but only so many can be granted. Hence, the Sonny Bono Copyright Act.

      Birthday song is different [I'll try to summarize the legal brief found in the article]:

      - In 1922, "The Cable Company" published the "The Everyday Songbook". It had "Good Morning and Birthday Song" [aka "Happy Birthday"] in it, with "Special permission through courtesy of Clayton F Summy Co." under the title. Note that the song above it on the page had a copyright notice.

      - Modern copyright law is different than it was in 1922, which was governed by the Copyright Act of 1909. Under this act, a work must have an explicit "Copyright", "(C)", or "Copr." in it.

      - Under the 1909 act, if a compilation of various works is published, and a work does not have an explicit copyright, the original author loses their copyright to that work.

      - The "special permission" probably means that the work was already in the public domain.

      - Even if the "special permission" notice could be construed as a copyright, it would have to be renewed in 25 years [the copyright term in those days]. Thus, copyright would have to be renewed no later than 1949, either by Summy or Cable. Neither of them did so.

      - Even if Summy and/or Cable had renewed in 1949, the work would still have become public domain in 1997.

      Warner/Chappell's response is that the 1922 songbook was an "unauthorized" and/or "piratical" copy. See http://arstechnica.com/tech-po...

      --
      Like a good neighbor, fsck is there ...
    63. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      Sorry, but no. If anyone can make a copy of a work featuring a trademarked character, then the trademark on that character, with regard to goods that are copies of creative works, has to lapse, as the mark has become generic in that context. Once the door is opened for multiple sources of identically marked goods, it kills the trademark. This is just the copyright version of the SHREDDED WHEAT case from the 1930s, plus a bit of the more recent Dastar case.

      And the trademark can't prevent people from copying works or creating new derivative works that feature the same trademarked characters.

      You're thinking of something more like nominative use, in which a third party can use a mark without permission under certain circumstances. I'm saying that there would no longer be an applicable mark at all.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    64. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by The+Rizz · · Score: 1

      Can you explain how innovation is stifled if copyright duration is infinite? Bill Gates and Steve Jobs didn't quit their company after making their first billion. A billion dollars is a lot for one person and his family. So why did they continue to work?

      However, did you notice that they stayed with that company instead of going to a new one? The company owned the work, and the inventor would never be allowed to expand upon that invention if they'd left. An inventor creates, but a company simply collects - In the case of Steve Jobs, he was forced out of Apple for many years, and worked on other projects and in other industries. Apple, on the other hand, stagnated without Jobs's influence and spurred no real innovation while it sat on the copyrights it held from years before, and used them to stifle innovation from potential competitors. It wasn't until Jobs (the inventor) returned that Apple (the company) started to do anything innovative again.

      However, if you want some specific real examples of how infinite copyright would stifle innovation, you need only look at characters that are public domain that barely avoided being locked up in the perpetual copyright we have now. One perfect example is the modern concept of Santa Claus - this jolly figure in the red and white outfit comes from an artist named Thomas Nast, who copyrighted the image. If copyright didn't expire, Santa Claus would be under some corporate conglomerate's thumb, and they could stop anyone else from ever using the character. All those cartoons and movies from your childhood (and your parents' and grandparents' for that matter) that use the character would have never existed. This shared cultural icon wouldn't even be a shared cultural icon, and we'd be poorer as a society for it. Don't believe me? Name for me a single true cultural icon that's come into existence in the last 80 years.

    65. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Attila+Dimedici · · Score: 1

      Steamboat Willy is approximately 50 years more recent than "Happy Birthday". The song Happy Birthday was first published in 1912, but the evidence suggests that it had been around since sometime in the 1880s, or earlier. The "copyright" on the song is based on its publication in 1935, yet that publication was a copy of what was published in 1912.

      --
      The truth is that all men having power ought to be mistrusted. James Madison
    66. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      You may not do what you want with it. You paid a lousy $10 or $50 for a copy for personal use. That's it. The actual asset may cost millions or billions. So if you pay less than $100 for something worth millions/billions, it automatically means you can't do what you want with it. Try using some common sense next time.

      You have lost your mind. If I pay less than $100 for something then that means that's ALL it's worth. And if I paid for it, it's mine. Period. You don't like property rights at all, apparently. Your whole viewpoint is you want the government to control everybody and you get to dictate terms. Sorry, that's not how it works. I absolutely can redistribute it if I want. You do NOT get to control me or what I do with my property, no matter what you think your crap is worth.

      And it doesn't hurt your culture, because you can still buy the work from the store.

      Unless it sucks as bad as your crap does, so the store doesn't want to sell it. And that applies to LOTS of works, many that don't suck as bad as the crap you create. So you used the public domain works, past artists, Shakespeare's words, quotes from Psalms, mistrals songs, folk songs, legends passed down by word of mouth for generations - it all went into the works created after it. You don't get to use all that and then distribute and make money off of it by standing on the shoulders of those giants and then turn around and deny future generations the same ability. You're not special, you're not a snowflake. You're just a flake.

      And what gives you the right to decide how much money someone can make off their work?

      Because that's the way the market works. Your stuff isn't worth the ink it's written on, of course, but I'll pay for a copy of a work from a good artist if the cost is reasonable. You don't get a right to get paid for your work. You have to market it and hope someone will pay for it. Other people create stuff, too, and some people even distribute their work for free. They can ASK whatever they want, but that doesn't mean they will GET anything. I guess you think you should be able to set a price and have somebody go around with guns and collect money for you by force. Tyrant. TYRANT!

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    67. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      You are mistaken. If the copyright on "Steamboat Willie" expired, anyone could copy the work or create derivative works from it featuring a similar character, but they could not call the character in derivative works Mickey Mouse, nor use Mickey Mouse's image in such works. They would, however, be able to still freely copy the original work even though it featured said character that is still under trademark because the copy of the work is not considered a new work, it is considered a *COPY*.... If somebody copies "Steamboat Willie", they are just copying "Steamboat Willie", they are not misappropriating the Mickey Mouse character into a new work because a copy of a work is not actually considered a new work in the first place, and the work uses the trademark with permission in the first place.

    68. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by alexgieg · · Score: 1

      as long as he does not look too similar to Mickey Mouse

      Therefore preventing the full artistic expression of countless artists who can do excellent stuff with Mickey Mouse itself. You agree with my argument event though pretending you don't. :-)

      LOL, what a retarded argument. There's no royalties because that's menial work, not creative work.

      And here you show you don't know the history of art. Back in the day things made sense, it worked like this: the artist, let's say, Da Vinci, was contracted to paint a certain scene by a rich patron. Such highly technical painting however wasn't considered fundamentally different from that of common house painter, except for the fact it was much, much more complex, and therefore deserving of a much, much higher pay. So, Da Vinci did his one time work of painting, and got paid once, and quite reasonably, for it.

      The modern equivalent of how art was always made would then be this: Lady Gaga gets paid once several millions for that one music her rich patron (which can be one person or several persons joined together) wanted her to sing, and afterwards, if she wants to get paid again, she must do more work. As in every other profession ever. As for that music she was paid several millions? It's done, there's nothing else to it, except maybe in the fact the original recording, as a unique object, has a lot of value, pretty much like the original Da Vinci painting.

      And what about copies of said music, as well as copies of Da Vinci painting? Those are so many extra works by copiers. Valued much less, because copying is easy. But still, work, and paid as such.

      The modern system of copyright is an aberration. It gives a worker control over his finished and already paid for work, something that makes absolutely no sense, replaced a pretty reasonable system that worked well for several millennia. And the nonsense got so ingrained that, well, here we are, me talking with someone who really believes some instance of work deserve perpetual payment because "creativity", while "non-creativity" for some reason is a lower form of existence that doesn't deserve the same protection because elitism.

      Me, I prefer non-elitism all the way up.

      --
      Conservatism: (n.) love of the existing evils. Liberalism: (n.) desire to substitute new evils for the existing ones.
    69. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It may not be god-given, but it should be the ethical and legal right.

      Disagree. The natural, ethical and moral situation should be "Make copies of whatever you want. Pay the artist to make more stuff."

      You paid exactly squat for the talent of the artist, his training and the hard work that went into creating his/her copyrighted works. So why should you get it for free

      Because copying is making a thing, not taking a thing.

    70. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      I don't need 5k a day. I ain't Paris Hilton.

      Why bother having more money than I'd want to spend in a lifetime?

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    71. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Opportunist · · Score: 1

      I sure canspend 5k a day. Easily. But that's only funny for so long. After that, it just gets hollow.

      There isn't really much that I'd really, really want. I'm quite easy to please. And quite hard to bribe. There ain't much you could offer me that I want enough to "buy" me.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    72. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      If the copyright on "Steamboat Willie" expired, anyone could copy the work or create derivative works from it featuring a similar character, but they could not call the character in derivative works Mickey Mouse, nor use Mickey Mouse's image in such works.

      No, when the Steamboat Willy copyright expires, there is no longer a copyright which prohibits people from making or distributing additional copies of the work, from publicly performing or displaying the work, or from preparing new derivative works based on it (such as a new Mickey Mouse short in which he commands a homemade submarine powered by barnyard animals or something). Of course, attributes of the Mickey Mouse character which originated in later, still copyrighted material would not be available; thus you're using the original 1928 black and white Mickey, or forking a new version of the character off from there. Can't give him a dog named Pluto, nor even the distinctive Mickey Mouse voice, as those both appeared in later films.

      They would, however, be able to still freely copy the original work even though it featured said character that is still under trademark because the copy of the work is not considered a new work, it is considered a *COPY*

      I don't know why that would matter from a trademark perspective. Trademark is concerned with goods bearing a mark all originating from the same source, so as to protect consumer expectations regarding consistent levels of quality. Even the goods of two different sellers are indistinguishable, that alone doesn't mean that one is free to use the trademark of the other.

      The trademark issue here is whether the MICKEY MOUSE trademark even survives, at least with regard to goods such as motion pictures. This is because the MICKEY MOUSE trademark is inescapably connected to the Mickey Mouse character, and now the character is free for all to use, meaning that his presence in a work no longer indicates that it comes from a single source. That -- the freedom to use the character, and the loss of the single source expectation of consumers -- is what kills the trademark. And we know that the copyright lapsing will control what happens to the trademark based on precedents like Dastar (where the Supreme Court said that trademark is not allowed to operate like a perpetual form of copyright), and SHREDDED WHEAT (where the Supreme Court said that where a patent expires, anyone is free to use the invention and to use the previously trademarked, descriptive name of the invention).

      the work uses the trademark with permission

      First, there would largely no longer be a trademark. Second, that would be clear naked licensing, which would likely invalidate the mark anyway.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    73. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      No, when the Steamboat Willy copyright expires, there is no longer a copyright which prohibits people from making or distributing additional copies of the work, from publicly performing or displaying the work, or from preparing new derivative works based on it (such as a new Mickey Mouse short in which he commands a homemade submarine powered by barnyard animals or something)

      Categorically false. Someone could make a derivative work of the Disney short and call the title character something other than Mickey Mouse, but if they tried to call him Mickey Mouse, Disney could take action against them for using their trademark without permission. In fact, if Disney did *NOT* pursue the matter within a certain period of time, then they *WOULD* risk losing trademark protection (as far as I am aware, the law is not definite on the exact period of time allowed, but it is clear that it is not very long, and the matter would be up to a judge to determine if they had responded with due haste to the matter). It is also worth noting that trademark, like copyright, can be satired within the allowances of intellectual property law, although slightly different metrics are used on trademarks than with copyrights to determine if something that may be construed as an unauthorized copy of a trademarked image or character is actually a satire. A titular character that was called "Mickey Moose", for example, would probably be recognized as being satirical on the Mickey Mouse character because the Mickey Mouse character is extremely well known, which is one of the factors that governs satiring or parodying in the case of trademarks (but is not an issue in the case of determining satire or parody for copyrights).

      Ultimately, copyright and Trademark are two wholly different pieces of intellectual property that govern entirely different things, handled almost entirely orthogonally to eachother, and in practically all cases, one has absolutely no effect on the other. Trademark infringement comes into play when ownership of the trademark itself is somehow challenged, which is not caused by distributing a copy of a work, because it is copyright that governs the copying of such works, and not trademark. *IF* Disney were to have trademarked the entire cartoon, then it would continue to be illegal to copy it, but such things are not eligible for trademark protection.

      The only way that trademark could possibly be affected by Steamboat Willie falling into public domain is if that would or might cause the public to not realize who Mickey Mouse belongs to, but since the copied work is still a *COPY* of the work, and so would still be clear who owns the intellectual property that is still very much alive.

      Be aware that the copyright status on the short has already expired in several countries that do not practice the copyright durations the US currently has in place, and the cartoon can be freely distributed or copied in said jurisdictions, while the trademark status has remained entirely unaffected.

      I am not directly familiar with the Shredded Wheat case you mentioned, but I would imagine that the reason the term Shredded Wheat was allowed to be freely used after the patent expired is because the terminology accurately described the product in the first place, and so once the patent expired, the trademark status on the term that referred to it became superfluous. As a counter-example, while Lego's last standing patent on Lego bricks expired in 1989, nobody else that makes so-called compatible building blocks is allowed to call their product Lego, nor are they allowed to even explicitly say they are compatible with Lego (even if they are) without first getting permission from Lego to do so (and they would be extremely unlikely to receive such permission, since they would be a direct competitor), because Lego still holds trademark status on the term in the context of a toy (and also as a company name).

      Of course, if Disney had trademarked the title "Steamboat Willie", they would lose certainly lose trademark protection on that title once the work with that fell into public domain.

    74. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by doccus · · Score: 1

      Whether or not a copyright is used is irrelevant. You're thinking trademarks where they are granted for the context permanently as long as they remain used and defended.

      Copyrights are explicitly intended to be for a limited time and for most of American history that limited time was well within the lifespan of an average person. Until relatively recently the only way to obtain a copyright was to explicitly submit the material to the Library of Congress for certification at which point you were granted a 14 year exclusive use. You could apply for an additional 14 year grant but after 28 years the material would be forced to fall into the Public Domain and permanently accessible from the Library of Congress. You had those maximum of 28 years to make as much return on your investment as possible, but you were expected to then reinvest that return into new ventures. It was never intended that an entity could squat on the material indefinitely regardless of whether they continued to make money on it as much of the purpose was to incentivize the creation of new material through the very loss of that monopoly.

      The current form of copyright in the US is a perversion of that intention. Aside from the near indefinite monopoly status due to extensions granted to the Disney lobby there is also no requirement to submit the material to an archive. Works are simultaneously locked up permanently as well as lost forever. As with Disney an entity can create one work and rest on their laurels effectively eternally and never have to invest in new art forms. What's worse is that because of Disney everything else not explicitly put into the Public Domain is just as lost, regardless of whether or not anyone is still actively creating new works with it.

      Ssshh. Don't let anyone in congress know about any of this. It might affect their financial arrangement with the large media companies. What am I saying?? "slaps forehead" They wouldn't care or believe it anyways, especially since every word is true. Well, maybe Ron Paul might, but he's retired... Well stated, incidentally.. best summary of the true intent of the copyright laws I have read...

    75. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by doccus · · Score: 1

      And that's exactly where the current form of copyright not only fails to address its original purpose but actually works against its purpose.

      The purpose was to give people an incentive to create works of art by giving them an monetary incentive to do so. If you can monopolize something great for a time (instead of fearing that whatever you create immediately being copied by anyone, rendering your work worthless), you have an incentive to create something great and reap the rewards of your work. That's fine.

      Now, last thing I heard about "happy birthday" was that it makes 5 grand a DAY for Warner. Now, imagine you made "happy birthday". And got 5 grand a day from it. Where the fuck is your incentive to EVER create anything again? 5 grand a day? Fuck, I couldn't be assed to do anything but sit there and rake in the money for the rest of my life. Why bother work ever again if you already get more money than you can sensibly spend without doing anything?

      THey SUE for 5 grand a day. A lot of the kid's birthday parties the sue could never ever pay that amount... 5 grand being the amount they charge PER licence.

    76. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by doccus · · Score: 1

      And that's exactly where the current form of copyright not only fails to address its original purpose but actually works against its purpose.

      The purpose was to give people an incentive to create works of art by giving them an monetary incentive to do so. If you can monopolize something great for a time (instead of fearing that whatever you create immediately being copied by anyone, rendering your work worthless), you have an incentive to create something great and reap the rewards of your work. That's fine.

      Now, last thing I heard about "happy birthday" was that it makes 5 grand a DAY for Warner. Now, imagine you made "happy birthday". And got 5 grand a day from it. Where the fuck is your incentive to EVER create anything again? 5 grand a day? Fuck, I couldn't be assed to do anything but sit there and rake in the money for the rest of my life. Why bother work ever again if you already get more money than you can sensibly spend without doing anything?

      Actually, I've heard it makes a WHOLE lot more than 5 grand a day.. I mean, that's only one broadcast licence for 5Gs.. there's way more people than that publicly singing happy birthday...

    77. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by packrat0x · · Score: 1

      Steamboat Willie being a parody of Steamboat Bill, Jr..
      So let's keep extending copyright for a movie based on another movie, but NOT the original movie.

      --
      227-3517
    78. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But the other half is to grant the least amount of protection, for the least amount of time, that is necessary to accomplish that.

      Not quite. It has always been a balancing act that is expressly not the LEAST protection or SHORTEST span. Copyright has always provided exclusive rights that aren't strictly necessary to protect the author's economic interests or incentivize production, and it has always erred on the side of longer protection. There has never been an assumption that the beneficiaries of the public domain would be the same individuals who were the work's original customers.

      The discussions about the length of copyright term center around the basic premise that the original author should be the only one to extract economic rents, and copyright has been deliberately adjusted to make sure that it's society that benefits from the release of works into the public domain and not a second degree economic interest. So the term length extended with the economic staying power of popular works, and then, after the discussions about estates providing for heirs began to get serious in the 1830s and later, to make sure that families wouldn't be unduly burdened by the premature death of their income earner. But we're now chasing the long tail instead of a 90% rule thanks to powerful lobbying by small group.

      Fundamentally, the idea of a copyright term that exceeds the commercial relevance of the work is to discourage people from being able to step in due to expiration and start profiting from the works of others, in furtherance of the incentive to produce new works of cultural enrichment, by making it harder for moochers to swoop in. We've gone too far because of a small number of intensely valuable outliers, but the answer is not extremism in the other direction, either.

    79. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      A small nit here:

      An exclusive right isn't a right that is held only by one party (and in fact, copyrights can be held by many parties), but is literally a right to exclude others.

      It's no nit. You misunderstand. The number of parties is irrelevant. If you create something, you have the natural, "god-given" right to exclude others from doing anything with it. That's the fundamental basis of liberty and privacy. You don't need copyright, and someone else's free speech rights don't extend to seeing or copying it at all.

      It's only when you choose to share that work outside your private control that society's interests, whether copyright, free speech, or anything else, even enter into it.

    80. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      Now, last thing I heard about "happy birthday" was that it makes 5 grand a DAY for Warner. Now, imagine you made "happy birthday". And got 5 grand a day from it. Where the fuck is your incentive to EVER create anything again? 5 grand a day? Fuck, I couldn't be assed to do anything but sit there and rake in the money for the rest of my life. Why bother work ever again if you already get more money than you can sensibly spend without doing anything?

      Which is why all income over, let's say, two million a year should be taxed at 100% - no one needs that much money.

      Or should hard working software entrepreneurs (for example) have a different standard applied to them?

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    81. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      This is what people mean by "rent seeking" - using the law to secure perpetual control of revenue for which you do nothing.

      Until you abolish private ownership of land, you will always have literal rent seeking. It is part of the fabric of capitalism.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    82. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      Can you explain how innovation is stifled if copyright duration is infinite? Bill Gates and Steve Jobs didn't quit their company after making their first billion. A billion dollars is a lot for one person and his family. So why did they continue to work?

      I think a lot of people on slashdot think of creative artists in the romantic "starving poet in a garret" way. They're not doing real work (like creating giant advertising companies such as Facebook and Google) so they don't really deserve to make any money from it.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    83. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "and thus the character from the work, as they see fit.".

      No it doesn't. What are you, a Disney shill?

    84. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Why do creators of copyrighted work owe free stuff to the public?"

      Why should the public respect copyright? Because there is a law that authorises copyright, and that same law that forbids people from "stealing/etc" copyrighted works also says that the time is limited.

      The creators were given an inch, and took 1000 years.

      People have no inherent right to exclusivity of ideas.

      Since the people the law was intended to benefit are abusing it, it should be taken away from them, and copyright abolished.

    85. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      There are many descendents of people who owned real estate, farms, businesses, hotels and restaurants that are enjoying the fruits of their parents' hard work and investments. How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

      People here usually weasel out of this by banging on about "natural property rights" as though there were any such thing.

      Oh, and of course, you can steal physical property, but copyright infringement isn't theft.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    86. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

      We do. We impose taxes on inheritances, because inheritance of substantial wealth is harmful to society. We impose taxes on property, because ownership of large, unproductive estates is harmful to society

      We don't impose 100% inheritance taxes though. If my billionaire dad only leaves me three quarters of a billion instead of the full billion, does it really make any difference?

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    87. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      The natural state of a creative work is to be in the public domain.

      The natural state of a piece of land is to belong to no one, so yes, it is only man-made laws that allow you to "own" a piece of real estate.

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    88. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by tehcyder · · Score: 1

      You don't get a right to get paid for your work. You have to market it and hope someone will pay for it.

      You have a right to put a copy for sale at a certain price. Other people can either pay that price, or decline. If they decline, they do not suddenly get the right to a free copy.

      Other people create stuff, too, and some people even distribute their work for free.

      So what? Some people volunteer to do charity work, does that mean no one should get paid a salary?

      --
      To have a right to do a thing is not at all the same as to be right in doing it
    89. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      So what? Some people volunteer to do charity work, does that mean no one should get paid a salary?

      Why not? Lots of people give their money to charities which in turn pay their top earners six and seven figure salaries. You should try it. Sounds like it would be right up your alley.

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    90. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Which is why all income over, let's say, two million a year should be taxed at 100% - no one needs that much money.

      Wow. Talk about missing the point.

    91. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      I don't understand your comment. I'm saying that whatever Disney's trademark rights in the Mickey Mouse character are, once the first work in which the character appears enters the public domain, that opens the door for third parties -- that is, parties other than Disney -- to use the character, at least in some ways, and it limits the scope of Disney's trademark.

      How the hell did you get from that to shilling in favor of Disney? I think perhaps you should read posts more carefully before replying.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    92. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      Not quite. It has always been a balancing act

      All you've identified there is a gap between what copyright policy requires and what we actually have implemented. I'd be the last person to say that our copyright laws, as enacted, have lived up to our proper policy goals. But that doesn't change what the correct policy is.

      Copyright doesn't exist absent affirmative action by the government, and it is wholly utilitarian in nature. This means that there is no policy of balancing interests. Rather, it is a question of how it can best serve the public interest; if giving something to authors may accomplish that, then we should do it to an appropriate extent, and if not, we shouldn't do it.

      It's little different than the farmer who wants to haul his carrot harvest to market in a wagon pulled by a mule. He might have to feed the mule some of the carrots to get it to pull the wagon, but there's no balancing act between the farmer and the mule. (Indeed, as soon as it's more cost-effective for the farmer to just get a gas-powered truck, the mule gets sent to the glue factory)

      copyright has been deliberately adjusted to make sure that it's society that benefits from the release of works into the public domain and not a second degree economic interest.

      That's not true. You're arguing in favor of monopolies controlling commodity goods, which is an odd stance to take. Society benefits tremendously from works being in the public domain, and available for the economic exploitation of any and every party that cares to give it a go. So long as anyone is free to make copies of Shakespeare, it doesn't hurt society if some publishers charge for copies of it. Given that competition is possible for copies of the same public domain work, all that will happen if one publisher tries to charge too much is that someone else will step in and sell it for less. This all works to bring the price of copies down, which in turn increases the public's access to the work, which is necessary for the work to be of use.

      after the discussions about estates providing for heirs began to get serious in the 1830s and later, to make sure that families wouldn't be unduly burdened by the premature death of their income earner.

      The widows and orphans argument has always been unmitigated bullshit. Works usually have zero copyright-related economic value; of the few that do have such value, they usually burn through the vast majority of it within a short time after the first publication in a given medium. Only the tiniest fraction of works have long-lasting copyright related economic value.

      Suggesting that the survivors of a deceased author need longer terms in order to live off the value of a copyright requires that it be a copyright of this sort. Given the rarity of such works, it's as stupid a suggestion as saying that you might as well leave them a shoebox full of lottery tickets.

      If you actually care about providing for your family, you need to take out a life insurance policy, and you need to save and invest your money wisely in a diverse portfolio. And just to be safe, you'd better vote for politicians who will enact government programs to provide actual, useful assistance to poor people.

      The reality behind the widows and orphans argument is that a handful of authors and publishers who already won the lottery, as it were, by holding the copyrights on works with long-lasting copyright related economic value, wanted to preserve their gravy train. It's as if the winner of a $100 million dollar jackpot used some of that money to successfully lobby for a retroactive increase to a $200 million dollar jackpot.

      Fundamentally, the idea of a copyright term that exceeds the commercial relevance of the work is to discourage people from being able to step in due to expiration and start profiting from the works of others, in furtherance of the incentive to produce new works of cultural enrichment, by making

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    93. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      The natural state of a piece of land is to belong to no one, so yes, it is only man-made laws that allow you to "own" a piece of real estate.

      I agree. What's your point?

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    94. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      If you create something, you have the natural, "god-given" right to exclude others from doing anything with it.

      Wrong. You only have a natural right to control whether or not you create it at all.

      someone else's free speech rights don't extend to seeing or copying it at all.

      A third party certainly doesn't have a right to compel you to reveal your work to them. But if you do deliberately or inadvertently reveal it, they do have a natural free speech right to copy it and to distribute those copies as they see fit.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    95. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      when the Steamboat Willy copyright expires ...

      Someone could make a derivative work of the Disney short and call the title character something other than Mickey Mouse, but if they tried to call him Mickey Mouse, Disney could take action against them for using their trademark without permission.

      Wrong, because the instant the copyright expires, a large part of the trademark lapses. Disney no longer has any rights to base a cause of action on. The reason for this is that because copyright law no longer prevents anyone from making copies or derivatives and putting them into commerce, the MICKEY MOUSE mark changes from being descriptive (of the character named Mickey Mouse) with secondary meaning (which can only originate from Disney) to being merely descriptive, without secondary meaning.

      It looks to me as though you're putting the cart before the horse, incorrectly believing that the trademark survives the entry of the work into the public domain. But it does not; only a few fragments of the trademark survive.

      Ultimately, copyright and Trademark are two wholly different pieces of intellectual property that govern entirely different things, handled almost entirely orthogonally to eachother, and in practically all cases, one has absolutely no effect on the other.

      Sure. But this is one of those exceptional cases.

      The only way that trademark could possibly be affected by Steamboat Willie falling into public domain is if that would or might cause the public to not realize who Mickey Mouse belongs to, but since the copied work is still a *COPY* of the work, and so would still be clear who owns the intellectual property that is still very much alive.

      Actually that is exactly what happens; when everyone and his dog can legally create new, derivative, Mickey Mouse cartoons, because the underlying copyright has expired, the public is assumed to no longer associate the MICKEY MOUSE mark, to the extent it pertains to goods including creative works, only with such goods made by Disney. This is SHREDDED WHEAT, which I'll get to in a moment.

      Also, note that trademark doesn't care about whether a work is a reproduction of something or not. It cares about the origin of a specific, tangible copy, not of the underlying work. If you start Mark-T Press, and print up copies of Romeo and Juliet, I am not allowed to start Kangarooski Press and print up copies that bear your mark. OTOH, I am perfectly entitled to print up copies of Romeo and Juliet under my own mark. In fact, so long as you're just reprinting the play (and not making such substantial changes as to amount to a new work, which is a bit more difficult than you'd think), I'm even entitled to make copies of your version, so long as I take care to not use your mark and to only use my own, thanks to Dastar, which eliminated reverse passing-off for works (and hopefully is the beginning of a trend of eliminating reverse passing-off altogether).

      Be aware that the copyright status on the short has already expired in several countries that do not practice the copyright durations the US currently has in place, and the cartoon can be freely distributed or copied in said jurisdictions, while the trademark status has remained entirely unaffected.

      I'm only familiar with US law, and that's all I've been discussing the entire time. I have no knowledge or interest in how other countries handle this, except as how it might provide us with good ideas or cautionary examples in our own legal reform efforts.

      I am not directly familiar with the Shredded Wheat case you mentioned

      It is Kellogg Co. v. National Biscuit Co., 305 U.S. 111 (1938).

      The relevant language:

      The plaintiff [Nabisco] has no exclusive right to the use of the term 'Shredded Wheat' as

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    96. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Disney is FanFic

    97. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      And thanks to the nominative use doctrine of trademark law, anyone who does make LEGO compatible bricks is allowed to say that they are compatible with LEGO bricks

      Actually, no.... if they used the LEGO term, even to say they were compatible with LEGO, even with all explicit trademark acknowledgements, it would be at LEGO's discretion to either issue a C&D or not to bar them from continuing to refer to them, unless they company were somehow able to show that they were not a competitor for LEGO in any way (which a toy company would not be able to do, but a website, such as Bricklink, was able to do, because they only provide a marketplace for second hand goods, and do not actually make a or sell the products that are available through the site).

      Are you suggesting that MICKEY MOUSE does not 'accurately describe' a product including the Mickey Mouse character?

      I am suggesting that Steamboat Willie describes the cartoon, and Mickey Mouse describes the character. Making an unauthorized copy of one does not constitute an unauthorized copy of the other... That's probably why the whole Shredded Wheat thing was an issue.... they were trying to apply two pieces of intellectual property to the same thing, and you can't do that. Copyright and Trademark protect different things, and one does not actually affect the other.

      So if one makes an unauthorized copy of Steamboat Willie, they are not actually using the trademark in Mickey Mouse without permission, and if Disney were to *EVER* try and argue that, they very easily *COULD* wind up losing their trademark status on the character. As I said, even though their trademark continues to be respected, the copyright on their oldest cartoons have already expired in several first-world countries with IP laws quite similar to those in the USA, and that did not extend their copyright as the US did. I live in one such country. The character was never freely copyable here even though the cartoon itself was.

    98. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      if they used the LEGO term, even to say they were compatible with LEGO, even with all explicit trademark acknowledgements, it would be at LEGO's discretion to either issue a C&D or not to bar them from continuing to refer to them, unless they company were somehow able to show that they were not a competitor for LEGO in any way

      Sigh. I'm getting tired of having to do your homework for you:

      It is the wholesale prohibition of nominative use ... that would be unfair. It would be unfair to merchants seeking to communicate the nature of the service or product offered at their sites. And it would be unfair to consumers, who would be deprived of an increasingly important means of receiving such information. As noted, this would have serious First Amendment implications. The only winners would be companies like Toyota, which would acquire greater control over the markets for goods and services related to their trademarked brands, to the detriment of competition and consumers. The nominative fair use doctrine is designed to prevent this type of abuse of the rights granted by the Lanham Act. ...

      Trademarks are part of our common language, and we all have some right to use them to communicate in truthful, non-misleading ways.

      That's from Toyota Motor Sales, Inc. v. Tabari, 610 F.3d 1171 (9th Cir. 2010). Hint: Toyota's LEXUS mark was at issue, and had been used by a competitor, and the court did not come down on the side of Toyota.

      Nominative use is a doctrine in US trademark law by which parties other than a trademark holder can use a trademark without permission if:

      1) The product is not readily identifiable without using the mark. (LEGO bricks are not readily identifiable without using the LEGO mark to refer to them; otherwise you'd have to say something stupid like 'plastic toy bricks made by a well-known Danish plastic toy brick company')

      2) The defendant does not use more of the mark than necessary. (The word LEGO in an ordinary typeface would be fine; the red, yellow, black and white square-shaped LEGO mark, with its distinctive balloonish typeface, on the other hand, would be too much merely to indicate compatibility)

      3) The defendant cannot falsely suggest sponsorship or endorsement by the trademark holder. (This is typically done by not using the mark in a way that suggests a relationship, while also disclaiming any relationship. It doesn't require not using the mark at all, however; the public recognizes that not all uses of a mark indicate endorsement)

      Note, there is no requirement that the defendant claiming nominative use not compete with Lego. That's perfectly fine. If I make toy bricks and I want to say that based on a survey, children prefer my bricks 10 to 1 over LEGO brand bricks, I'm totally free to do so. (Provided, of course, that I have got such a survey; I can't just make crap up)

      The decision of whether advertising should directly refer to competitors (e.g. People who took the Pepsi challenge preferred Pepsi to Coke) or whether it should not (e.g. Our dishwashing liquid works better and faster than brand X) is entirely one of the advertiser's preference. There is no legal requirement compelling one over the other, provided that the ad is truthful and (to some extent) not misleading.

      I am suggesting that Steamboat Willie describes the cartoon, and Mickey Mouse describes the character.

      If the MICKEY MOUSE mark describes the character, and the copyright on the Mickey Mouse character lapses such that anyone can create works featuring the Mickey Mouse character (which is a copyright issue), the MICKEY MOUSE mark no longer is capable of indicating that all such marked goods originate from a common source, which is a fundamental requirement for a trademark. Thus, the MICKEY MOUSE trademark is lost with regard to such goods, e.g. DVDs, comic books, and the like.

      So if one makes an unaut

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    99. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by mark-t · · Score: 1

      If the MICKEY MOUSE mark describes the character, and the copyright on the Mickey Mouse character

      The Mickey Mouse character has trademark protections, not copyright protections. Steamboat Willie has copyright protections and not trademark protections, even though it prominently features a trademarked character, that character is used within that work with permission. Derivative works could be created of Steamboat Willie once the copyright expires, but COULD *NOT* feature Mickey Mouse because Mickey Mouse would still be protected by trademark. Those trademark protections would not be able to keep people from making copies of Steamboat Willie because Steamboat Willie itself always had authorized use of the character.

      Talk to a friggen IP lawyer if you don't believe me, which you clearly don't. Trademark and copyright protect entirely different things, and you cannot reasonablyy use both to protect the same work, just as certainly as "Shredded Wheat" could not be both protected by trademark and patent after the patent had expired. Oh... and the laws where I live are not significantly different than those in the USA with respect to either trademark or copyright, except with respect to duration of the latter... and that copyright actually does expire. You might not care about the laws where I live, but I mention that point to bring to mind that how things already are in some other countries with respect to Mickey Mouse and Steamboat Willie is almost certainly exactly how things would be in the USA once Steamboat Willie's copyright expires there... assuming that Disney ever allows it Of course, if Disney keeps extending copyright duration, then the entire issue is moot for you, and there's no reason for you to keep debating what would happen if Disney let the copyright lapse on the work in the first place.

      If you are going to debate hypothetical situations, you should probably ask a lawyer or somebody else with a sufficient experience in IP law how it will go down, if you aren't willing to listen to somebody from another country.

    100. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      The Mickey Mouse character has trademark protections, not copyright protections.

      No.

      Characters are not creative works themselves, eligible for copyrights, but where characters appear in copyrightable creative works, the work itself, including the sub-part of the work which is the description of the character, is copyrighted. If the description is very minimal, a third party may be able to avoid infringing on the copyright of the work even though he reuses the character without permission. On the other hand, if the character is described in quite a bit of detail, reuse of that character may rise to the level that could qualify as infringement. If the character reappears in other works, the qualities of the character added there may also be copyrightable. If the original work in which the character appears enters the public domain, so does the character -- as he appeared in that work. Later changes to the character may remain protected until the works in which those changes first appeared also enter the public domain.

      Character copyrights is a commonly understood shorthand for this concept of copyrights in those portions of a work in which a character appears.

      For a fictional character to be a trademark, it must be used in a trademark capacity; just appearing in a creative work will not suffice. The character must be used in such a way as to indicate that the source of the goods or services that it's used in conjunction with are understood by the public to all originate from a particular source. When the character is used with goods that could come from any source, it has no function as a trademark.

      For example, in the US, all of the original works by JM Barrie in which Peter Pan appears are in the public domain. Thus, anyone is free to make their own creative works featuring the Peter Pan character, plots, etc. And boy, do they ever -- I think there's yet another Peter Pan movie adaptation coming out this year, and there's always plenty of books, comics, cartoons, etc. Since anyone can do it, no one can have a trademark on the Peter Pan character with regard to any sort of creative work; the character is utterly incapable of indicating a single source.

      However, there is a PETER PAN brand of peanut butter. The company that makes it has a trademark on it, and a perfectly good one. There's only one source of PETER PAN-brand peanut butter, and the public domain status of the character for creative works has no relevance in the field of peanut butter. Ditto for KING ARTHUR for flour, or BIBENDUM as used with tires.

      Mickey Mouse's original appearance was in a still-copyrighted short film, so there is a copyright that protects the use of the character. There is also a well-known MICKEY MOUSE trademark used on all manner of products. It can be used in conjunction with creative works because no one else is allowed to use them with such works due to the copyright; thus all such works must originate from one source, and trademark protection is possible. When that first short film enters the public domain however, anyone can use the Mickey Mouse character in creative works, and this will kill the MICKEY MOUSE trademark with regard to goods that are creative works. The mark will only retain vitality in unrelated fields.

      Derivative works could be created of Steamboat Willie once the copyright expires, but COULD *NOT* feature Mickey Mouse because Mickey Mouse would still be protected by trademark.

      Wrong. Derivatives could feature Mickey Mouse, and the MICKEY MOUSE trademark applicable to such things would have ceased to exist at the same time as the copyright.

      Those trademark protections would not be able to keep people from making copies of Steamboat Willie because Steamboat Willie itself always had authorized use of the character.

      Wrong. First, because as noted the trademark would be dead at that point. Second, you utterly don't understand how trademarks work; if anyone can produce a

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    101. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only because people are used to the legal fiction of personal property, and feel strongly protective of their ideas, as if they were tangible things.

      The fundamental basis of liberty and progress is the sharing of ideas.

      "He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me."
        - Thomas Jefferson

    102. Re:Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

      I've lost something here.... we had the Happy Birthday debates here on Slashdot in the early 2000s as part of coverage of copyright, the illegal Napster, and discussion of DRM that later turned into the watermarking we use today...

      How did the Happy Birthday story end?... somebody with an archive deeper than what's available on slashdot.org can answer that.

    103. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

      but copyright infringement isn't theft.

      It's taking information that you have to pay for, and making it free or at least not paying the owner of the copyright what's due. It's the act of taking something that requires payment and not paying, and that's a form of theft.

    104. Re: Mickey Mouse copyirght extenstions... by jc42 · · Score: 1

      Walt Disney isn't creating any new art since he died.

      So? There are many descendents of people who owned real estate, farms, businesses, hotels and restaurants that are enjoying the fruits of their parents' hard work and investments. How about forcing these descendents to donate their parents' assets to the public domain, just like copyrighted works?

      Actually, if you track back the chain of property ownership in most of the world, you'll find that within a few centuries, it ends with a gang that took over and killed or exiled the former owners. They then set up their own list of owners of properties, passed laws protecting those owners and their descendants, and set up a government to enforce those laws. In the US's eastern coast strip, this last happened around 1780, and in various later decades for the rest of the country. Most of the exceptions are the areas where all the records have gone missing and we don't know what happened to establish current ownership. (In a few cases, major epidemics eradicated the former owners, leaving the property available to whoever could claim it by force.)

      Since that's really how humans deal with such things in the long run, we can expect it to continue happening in most of the world. The only effective way of avoiding it is to die before the next time it happens where you live.

      Now back to pretending that it's all real and permanent ... ;-)

      --
      Those who do study history are doomed to stand helplessly by while everyone else repeats it.
  3. Pigs might fly first by Dunbal · · Score: 4, Funny

    I'm guessing Time Warner is going to be giving all those royalties back?

    --
    Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    1. Re:Pigs might fly first by The+New+Guy+2.0 · · Score: 1

      Even Time Warner programs like CNN NewsRoom shy away from singing Happy Birthday...

    2. Re:Pigs might fly first by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Warner Music is not Time Warner...

    3. Re:Pigs might fly first by nbauman · · Score: 5, Interesting

      I'm guessing Time Warner is going to be giving all those royalties back?

      That's what Good Morning to You Productions is demanding in the lawsuit.

      When one of the parties commits fraud upon the court, which is what it looks like they did in the discovery or non-discovery of that 1927 songbook, https://www.techdirt.com/artic... judges can get very angry.

      They've been knowingly demanding and collecting all that money under false pretenses. That's a little worse than downloading a few mp3s.

      The judicial system is so arbitrary and corrupt that anything could happen. But sometimes, once in a while, it actually produces justice.

    4. Re:Pigs might fly first by pubwvj · · Score: 1

      Due to aerodynamic issues and bone density pigs can not fly. I know as I have been breeding thousands of pigs for over a decade. Despite our best efforts we have not been able to achieve unpowered pig flight. The few pigs we have gotten to fly required launching with a catapult and that just isn't practical for most small scale pig airports.

    5. Re:Pigs might fly first by AthanasiusKircher · · Score: 2

      I'm guessing Time Warner is going to be giving all those royalties back?

      That's what Good Morning to You Productions is demanding in the lawsuit.

      I know this would never happen, but the damages here should have to go further than just returning the money. How many movies and TV shows over the years have been forced to not film a birthday scene to avoid royalties? How many people have been deprived of the standard birthday song at a restaurant or other public celebration, because the staff was not licensed for public performance?

      Birthdays are important events. Movies and films often have scenes that want to show such events. Time Warner has deliberately impeded the "progress of the arts" which was the entire point of the Constitution by artificially limiting the production of such scenes in films and movies.

      Every filmmaker who has ever filmed a birthday scene without the song or who had a birthday scene in a script by cut it because of royalty concerns should join in a class-action lawsuit and seek damages. Every person who wanted to hear "Happy Birthday" at a restaurant but got some crappy weird song from the waitstaff should sue them for damages. I imagine the cumulative amount, with damages, should come to billions, if not trillions, of dollars.

      Only then will justice truly have been done. Only then will we begin to turn the tide against copyright trolls and those who would falsely claim copyright.

    6. Re:Pigs might fly first by Dunbal · · Score: 1

      I might suggest sticking a rocket up their "tailpipe"...

      --
      Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    7. Re:Pigs might fly first by Dunbal · · Score: 1

      You're right. Thanks for the correction.

      --
      Seven puppies were harmed during the making of this post.
    8. Re:Pigs might fly first by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      They "found" it right before trial...They claim "mistake" and everyone moves on.

    9. Re:Pigs might fly first by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      Except if a jury doesn't buy it. This is a civil case, so it's judged on the preponderance of the evidence, not guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  4. Life+50 years Life +70 years by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

    That's the probem with copyright long after the creator is dead. You can't get them to testify under oath and so bogus copyrights like this are inevitable.

    Here Warner had evidence that the lyrics predated their claim from other sources, and and the music they never made a clim on, so what they did was claim copyright on the lyrics based a piano arangement.

    They would have known their claim was false because so many claims have been made about this copyright they would have examined it to protect their multi-million investment, so they likely acted to deceive.

  5. Old news by ArchieBunker · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Read about this like 5 days ago. Anything else you guys want to present as "news". Perhaps the death of Jimmy Hendrix or that new Godfather II movie?

    --
    Only the State obtains its revenue by coercion. - Murray Rothbard
    1. Re:Old news by ddtmm · · Score: 0

      Jimi's dead?

    2. Re:Old news by Scutter · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      Dude. Spoilers!

      --

      "Tell me doctor, with all of your defenses, are there any provisions for an attack by killer bees?"
    3. Re:Old news by Zontar+The+Mindless · · Score: 1, Redundant

      You've a 6-digit UID and you're just now figuring this out?

      (BTW, some of us who don't live in the US might not have heard about this yet. It doesn't seem to have been widely reported elsewhere.)

      --
      Il n'y a pas de Planet B.
    4. Re:Old news by drainbramage · · Score: 1

      Beautiful. Wish I had points left.

      --
      No brain, no pain.
    5. Re:Old news by Nyder · · Score: 1

      Read about this like 5 days ago. Anything else you guys want to present as "news". Perhaps the death of Jimmy Hendrix or that new Godfather II movie?

      You using your dad's account? Because in the 10+ years I've been on here, late news is the standard. In fact, 5 days late isn't even considered late on Slashdot, where we get stories that are years old frequently.

      Just sayin.

      --
      Be seeing you...
    6. Re:Old news by Nyder · · Score: 1

      Actually, I've been on Slashdot for like 20 years, fuck I'm getting old.

      --
      Be seeing you...
  6. I think they might'a meant to say something else by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    "long before the copyright laws changed in 1927"

    What happened to © laws in 1927? I thought they had been (as of 1927) fairly static since 1909. Do they mean before the work was published in 1927?

  7. Warner may let this one go by fustakrakich · · Score: 2

    Maybe finally, there is a noticeable public backlash against indefinite copyright, and they are doing this to pacify that. The trick usually works.

    --
    “He’s not deformed, he’s just drunk!”
  8. Yes, even in a different key by Megane · · Score: 1

    From TFA comments:

    If people sing it in a different key, is that copyright infringement?

    Yes. (At least in Australia.)

    --
    #naabhaprzrag, #sverubfr-000, #agi-fcbafberq, negvpyr[pynff*=' negvpyr-ary-'] { qvfcynl: abar !vzcbegnag; }
    1. Re:Yes, even in a different key by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And why should that be a surprise? It's called a derivative work.

  9. Government aiding corporations to cheat the public by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No matter if it's "Steamboat Willie" or the "Happy Birthday Song"; No matter if it's Disney or Warner Music - the fact is that the corporations can cheat the public so easily is because government of the United States of America has lend a helping hand

    No matter if it's copyright or patent, the abuse by the corporations has been so rampant for so many years, with the public the one ended up being fleeced, the fault lies on those motherfuckers on the capitol hill

    They are the ones who have passed the one-sided laws favoring the corporations

    They are the ones who have betrayed us times and times again !

    Pox on 'em !!!

    Captha: witches

  10. I think ... by PPH · · Score: 2

    ... we should all switch to the Beatles version of Happy Birthday. Apple Records needs all the support it can get defending its copyrights and trademarks.

    --
    Have gnu, will travel.
    1. Re:I think ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ... we should all switch to the Beatles version of Happy Birthday. Apple Records needs all the support it can get defending its copyrights and trademarks.

      This Happy Birthday is much better.

    2. Re:I think ... by neminem · · Score: 1

      Or this one.

    3. Re:I think ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Or even this one.

  11. Think of the children! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    How can it be in the interest of the two teachers creating a book of school songs at the turn of the 20th century that children all over the world would be singing their songs without fear of landing their teachers and kindergarteners in jail? Something like 120 years or so after their creation? I mean, those teachers only expected their copyright (if they considered it at all) to last a bit after their lifetime at best, and now that they can have a windfall at the expense of the children of the world, why should they not grab all they can? I mean, what else are they going to do now that they are dead?

  12. Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This comment

    http://slashdot.org/comments.p...

    and this comment

    http://slashdot.org/comments.p...

      relayed the same FUD trying very hard to confuse the general public by mixing up trademark with copyright

    I suspect the appearances of both comments so close to each other is not a mere coincidence ... I suspect both comments were written by users working for the pro-patent, pro-copyright camp

    They may pretend to be 'blur' but I bet they are not. Their comments were designed to spread the 'blur', with the hope that the general public will become so 'blurred' that they support the corporations' drive to extend the time frame of the patent and copyright until the end of time

    Shame on the users who wrote those two comments ! Shame on them !!

    1. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Sorry bub, I don't know the other poster. Copyright seems to be like the "grave robber's code: once a wealthy person passes away, we're gonna take all his treasure and distribute it amongst overselves." Give me one good reason why you ethically deserve to get the copyrighted work for free?

    2. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Woah, woah WOAH...who said anything about "ethics"?

    3. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Legal laws are based on fairness, equality and yes, ethics. So let's have the ethical reason then.

    4. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 1

      Give me one good reason why you ethically deserve to get the copyrighted work for free?

      Because media is culture. And without a common culture, society dies. Media is the glue that holds society together. Shared music and shared images let people relate to each other in ways that are difficult or impossible to achieve in any other fashion. And I have the right to share media. Today, I have the right to play an MP3 that a friend gave me. Historically, I had the right to play a tune on my own instrument that I'd heard once the week before. I have the inherent right to reproduce what is mine and to reproduce what I remember in my own brain. Both. This is morally and actually true. This was also legally true for all of the thousands of years of human history except the past hundred. Copyright is a perversion of the natural order of things.

      And yes, that MP3 is mine. It's on my storage device, not yours, protected by my password, not yours, and not some high-fallutin' Artist-King who is owed all things for all eternity. It's mine.

      Your argumentation is self-contradictory and bizarre. Grave-robbers? Copyright is like the Pharaoh's code. "Once the wealthy god-king passes away, he's going to take all of his treasure, including his still-living favored servants, and bury them in a gigantic tomb for all of eternity, never to see the light of day again." That's what copyright is. Guess how that worked out for the pharaohs? That's right, empty graves. The dead have no rights, least of all the wealthy dead. The dead, even the venerated dead, will be eaten. Such is the way of things.

      The worms crawl in, the worms crawl out,
      The worms play pinochle on your snout...

      That's a song. I was singing it while I intentionally misquoted it for affect, creating a derivative work. Think I should have to pay a royalty? Twice? Once for writing it down and once for singing it? Think every child who sings it in the school yard should have to pay a $0.0000006 royalty, automatically mediated by their smartphone?

      Fuck you, culture thief.

    5. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Because we (as a society) only AGREE to allow copyright (a temporary monopoly) AT ALL in exchange for getting it back at some point.

    6. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by gnupun · · Score: 0

      Getting what back? You spent 0 time, 0 money, 0 talent, 0 effort in creating the work. What exactly are you owed back, if you gave nothing in the first place?

      The artist created the work so he owns it just like you own your body and mind, no one else does. You can pay some tiny amount for personal use of the work, but that's as far as your rights go.

      Just because to AGREE to steal/seize someone's work after a set amount of time, does not absolve you from theft.

    7. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This has nothing to do with stealing or taking someone's work. Without copyright, the default scenario is this: You come up with a catchy tune, and I hear it. I like the tune, so decide to play it myself. If I'm particularly good, or creative, I might even come up with a version that people like better. You may be lucky to ever turn a profit, and I could become a millionaire. That's nature, and about the only thing you could do would be to closely guard your works, which limits their use, and your ability to make money. You might even give up and decide it isn't worth it. Copyright is therefore a compromise. It gives you an exclusive period of time where you are protected, and no one else is allowed to do what comes naturally, and reproduce and mimic things they like. But it doesn't last indefinitely. You're guaranteed a chance to try and profit, but not forever. What society would be foolish enough to create a law that doesn't work to their advantage? If it was simply, the artist gets to make money for ever, don't hum the tune, or it's off to the gulag for you, that wouldn't work to society's benefit at all. The law would never have been made, and we're back to the default above. No, the calculation is that by giving you a few years, more people are likely to create, and we all get more music, more books, more artwork overall.

    8. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      One good reason? OK, it's payment for the monopoly the government both grants and enforces. That doesn't come free. The whole country pays for your work to be protected, and your creative work becoming public domain is the payment for that temporary protection.

    9. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

      The artist created the work so he owns it just like you own your body and mind, no one else does.

      By your logic, every artist should have the right to erase the memories of every person that ever heard one of their songs, because there is a copy of the song in those peoples' brains. Is that what you are asserting? That the songwriter owns my brain because his song is in it?

      Next think you know, you'll be asking your neighbors to help pay for your porch light, because it reaches their yards and they are using your light.

      Just because to AGREE to steal/seize someone's work after a set amount of time, does not absolve you from theft.

      So ... you are claiming copyright expiration is a seizure. How does that happen? Do jack-booted thugs show up at your house to take it away from you? No - you still have it. In fact, you can still sell copies. But you can no longer decide that the 2 dozen people that already have copies of your work cannot make more copies. Now there are 25 copies. Did you lose anything? NO. In fact, you were already paid by 24 people that were stupid enough to think a copy of your crap is worth paying for.

      --
      "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
      --- Jerry Garcia
    10. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      Piffle.

      Copyright is utilitarian from top to bottom.

      Copyright is only tolerable if it is better for society than not having it. One specific implementation of copyright is better than another if it provides a greater benefit for the public than the alternative.

      It's no more based on fairness than a zoning regulation requiring a certain setback from the street.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    11. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The ethical reason: because the creator, the person who was motivated to create it has died and can no longer benefit from said creation. Society, not an imaginary deity, granted the creator that right for a limited time to promote in him the ideal that creation is rewarded, thus, from that basis it can be concluded that the intent of the law, and of society, was to have the author benefit society, culture, and ultimately the world through creation of further works.

      At no point in time was the intention to give someone a free ride because they did something somebody liked.

      In other words, you're welcome to expect to be paid for your work, but you're not welcome to be paid in perpetuity for work you performed just once, and you are not entitled to be paid for work simply because you feel you should be.

      Just ask my employer, who pays me and takes copyright for the work I do, and then feels he takes the copyright for work down outside work hours.

    12. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just because to AGREE to steal/seize someone's work after a set amount of time, does not absolve you from theft.

      I'm sorry, but theft has a specific legal definition, and the expiry of copyright does not even come close to satisfying this definition.

      You are either a fool who really needs to up, or a copyright schill who is paid to present these arguments.

    13. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by aNonnyMouseCowered · · Score: 1

      And where my friend did the artist get the vocabulary, the musical scale and the tropes on which his works are based? Culture is a shared resource. You cannot create in a cultural vaccuum devoid of the works created by other people.

    14. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How about this: don't publish your special work and it will be safe, and no one will steal it. You own it, keep it the hell away from us.

      Oh, you want to publish and make money and become famous, and you want us "freeloaders" to subsidize this business of yours by funding significant government resources (lawmakers, laws, police, FBI and other law enforcement) to secure your ability to make money from it ? Well then, those are the rules under which you can do that.

    15. Re:Invasion of the DMCA trolls? by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      I don't deserve to get the copyrighted work for free, while it's under copyright. However, copyright is an artificial restriction on what I can do with something I bought, and should not be indefinitely prolonged.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  13. Doesn't sound like it's going to go anywhere by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    They're just claiming the song book wasn't officially licensed. Without proof that it was it's the copyright holders word against theirs, and judges in America always, always side with property rights.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
    1. Re:Doesn't sound like it's going to go anywhere by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Property rights are irrelevant to copyright.

  14. Mickey Mouse copyright extenstions... by coats · · Score: 4, Insightful
    It is not fair.

    Neither is it fair that Disney stole Osamu Tezuka's Kimba for use in The Lion King.

    The Constitutional requirement is: (1) to authors and inventors, (2) for a limited time, (3) in order to promote progress in the sciences and arts.

    It is impossible that extending the copyright term for works of a fifty-year-dead author can encourage him to produce more work. Nor is the resulting term "limited" in either in mathematical or human terms. And the current Mickey Mouse "copyright owners" are certainly NOT that author nor inventor.

    --
    "My opinions are my own, and I've got *lots* of them!"
    1. Re:Mickey Mouse copyright extenstions... by Chaos+Incarnate · · Score: 1

      Extending it won't encourage the dead author to produce more work, but it can (theoretically) encourage people who are alive now to create works they wouldn't otherwise have done because they'll be able to better provide for their descendants.

      --
      Benford's Corollary to Clarke's Law: "Any technology distinguishable from magic is insufficiently advanced."
    2. Re:Mickey Mouse copyright extenstions... by careysub · · Score: 1

      Extending it won't encourage the dead author to produce more work, but it can (theoretically) encourage people who are alive now to create works they wouldn't otherwise have done because they'll be able to better provide for their descendants.

      Are the laws designed to fulfill this theoretical justification? Do they say that copyrights are extended for extremely long terms on the condition that the copyright remain with descendants, and pays them revenue?

      No, they do not. If a corporation acquires a copyright then they receive any revenue, not descendants who may exist. Laws must be designed to fulfill the purpose that is used to justify them, otherwise you are just pulling arguments out of a hat.

      --
      Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
    3. Re:Mickey Mouse copyright extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "for a limited time" this could mean when there is nothing left to public domain, then the copyright expires.

    4. Re:Mickey Mouse copyright extenstions... by The+Rizz · · Score: 1

      Extending it won't encourage the dead author to produce more work, but it can (theoretically) encourage people who are alive now to create works they wouldn't otherwise have done because they'll be able to better provide for their descendants.

      Actually, the long copyrights actually discourage the creation of new works, as those who are living today cannot use these characters or stories as building blocks for new stories. Also, the long copyrights don't realistically provide for their descendants - you've got a better chance of winning the lottery than having a work give real value after 30 years.

      The truly ironic part of this is that Walt Disney became famous and made his empire by building upon stories that were in the public domain - Snow White, Cinderella, etc, etc. If it hadn't been for these previous works being available for reuse and reinterpretation he never would have gotten to the point of creating Mickey Mouse in the first place. Disney's empire, today built upon perpetual copyrights, was originally built upon expired ones.

      This perfectly demonstrates the true evil behind perpetual copyrights. A truly innovative genius like Walt Disney only was able to do what he did because the short copyright of the time actually allowed such innovation - Disney didn't need to work for a corporate conglomerate and sign over everything he made to them specifically because nobody could copyright things forever. With the current laws, we've got ever more of our culture locked up by corporations whose only motivation is to make money, not to create or innovate. They wield copyright as a club to stifle and prevent innovation by anyone else who wants to build upon what they "own".

    5. Re:Mickey Mouse copyright extenstions... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Are the laws designed to fulfill this theoretical justification?

      Yes. This is the express reason that term lengths were structured this way, because what was happening was that authors were dying prematurely or finding economic success only at the ends of their careers, and unlike other financial instruments that could be passed via their estate, copyright could not. The "starving artist" is better incentivized by knowing that the profits from a successful work will provide not only for themselves, but for their families, should they die before they personally could generate wealth to pass on.

      Do they say that copyrights are extended for extremely long terms on the condition that the copyright remain with descendants, and pays them revenue?

      Why would they need to? This happens automatically.

      No, they do not. If a corporation acquires a copyright then they receive any revenue, not descendants who may exist.

      If an author sells his or her copyright to a corporation, then the proceeds of that sale actually DO then pass to descendants. Obviously, in order to calculate the value of such a purchase, the corporation must have some guidance on term length. This is a perfectly valid way to provide for your family after you're gone, just like selling a house, a business, or an investment portfolio might be.

      Laws must be designed to fulfill the purpose that is used to justify them, otherwise you are just pulling arguments out of a hat.

      Your argument is invalid. You're the only one pulling things out of a hat.

  15. Is any class action suit possible? by mark-t · · Score: 1

    Could corporations who paid for licenses for the so-called rights to use the song sue Warner Music to get (some) of their money back?

  16. crappy summary by SpammersAreScum · · Score: 4, Informative

    To say the "new evidence surfaced from Warner Music" is rather misleading. The plaintiffs independently found the evidence; what they got from Warner had the evidence "blurred out". Here's the summary from TFA:

    "(1) Warner/Chappell Music (who claims to hold the copyright for the publishing, if it exists) suddenly "found" a bunch of relevant documents that it was supposed to hand over in discovery last year, but didn't until just a few weeks ago, and (2) a rather important bit of information in one of those new documents was somewhat bizarrely "blurred out." This led the plaintiffs go searching for the original, and discover that it undermines Warner Music's arguments, to the point of showing that the company was almost certainly misleading the court. Furthermore, it definitively shows that the work was and is in the public domain."

    Warner, of course, denies that conclusion. rsilvergun may be right, but the date of the songbook relative to the date of the "copyright" and of the changes to copyright law would seem to weaken Warner's argument fatally.

  17. The perfect storm of a dystopia. by GoodNewsJimDotCom · · Score: 1

    Remember a few days ago, The UK proposed a 10 year copyright violation imprisonment? Next up, what if the "rights" holders for "Happy Birthday" decide to go all RIAA and sue everyone they can. All you have to do is open up Facebook or Instagram, and bam, thousands of families can be taken straight to prison for ten years. That'll teach them.

    1. Re:The perfect storm of a dystopia. by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

      and lots of rapist will be set free to make room for them. also you less time for it any ways.

  18. In a world with unlimited copyright... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    -We would still be paying the heirs of Mozart (and every other person who ever created anything original), and would have to keep track of their lineage.
    -A corporation could pay off authors of successful works and extend copyright forever (it already exceeds a lifetime).
    -You would have to pay royalties for merely humming or whistling a tune while in a public space.
    -When a work is no longer "profitable", a corporation can destroy it. This deprives the public of culture.

    1. Re:In a world with unlimited copyright... by gnupun · · Score: 1

      -We would still be paying the heirs of Mozart (and every other person who ever created anything original), and would have to keep track of their lineage.

      We still are paying for Mozart's music if you want to listen to it on CD or iTunes. People don't listen to sheet music, you have to play that on the piano in a competent manner for people to enjoy it. So instead of paying tens or hundreds of dollars to the pianist or some publisher, why can't we pay Mozart's heirs directly since they are more deserving than some random pianist/publisher?

      -When a work is no longer "profitable", a corporation can destroy it. This deprives the public of culture.

      I'm pretty sure, other distributors of the art do keep backup copies. If Facebook can save some stupid photo of some ordinary guy, I'm sure someone else can save a copy of the work of art.

      -A corporation could pay off authors of successful works and extend copyright forever (it already exceeds a lifetime).

      That's their choice to sell. But I'm sure once the artists are famous enough, they will retain rights to their works and buy the services offered by these corporations instead of selling them their works for a fixed price. You can already sell your music on iTunes and other digital stores for 70% cut of the revenue.

    2. Re:In a world with unlimited copyright... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      why can't we pay Mozart's heirs directly since they are more deserving than some random pianist/publisher?

      You've got to be F-ing kidding me. My grandfather was an officer in the army who was decorated for bravery. Does this mean that soldiers should salute me when they see me on the street? Should I be eligible for veteran's benefits?

      Property inheritance is one thing, because you can say that people should be able to dictate what happens their possessions after their death. But copyright is not a possession. It is a contract between the public and the creator of an original work. And why the hell should the contract suddenly apply to a musician's children if he dies? Because if that logic holds, I should now be party to the contract between the military and my grandfather that involves his veteran's benefits.

      Musicians who play Mozart today are a hundred billion times more deserving of payment then Mozart's descendants. They at least did something related to the work while Mozart's descendants (to the best of my knowledge) have done jack shit.

    3. Re:In a world with unlimited copyright... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      why can't we pay Mozart's heirs directly since they are more deserving than some random pianist/publisher?

      Because they had absolutely no involvement in the creation of said works, while the pianist performed it and the publisher decided that some people may wish to listen to it.

      Mozart has been dead for quite some time. Retention of copyright by Mozart himself will not cause him to create any new works, no matter how hard you wish.

      Retention of copyright by Mozart's descendants will in no way motivate them to compose new works that will benefit society, the intent of the right-to-copy when it was introduced.

      You've failed to make a rational point and in doing so have only made yourself look foolish.

    4. Re:In a world with unlimited copyright... by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      why can't we pay Mozart's heirs directly since they are more deserving than some random pianist/publisher?

      Why? Mozart's heirs didn't write Mozart's music. I didn't write Mozart's music. We're equal on that score.

      For practical purposes, it makes sense for a copyright to not expire on the artist's death, since that would reduce the incentive for old or sick people to create, but there's nothing ethically mandatory about it.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  19. Re:Birthdays are for cows. by Curunir_wolf · · Score: 1

    Thank you for staying on-topic.

    --
    "Somebody has to do something. It's just incredibly pathetic it has to be us."
    --- Jerry Garcia
  20. How was the blurring done? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Was it done to a digital image with a convolution kernel?

    Or was it some sort of smudge in the doc they scanned.

    Or something else.

    It would pretty funny if it was the first.
    This would be pretty good evidence that somebody did it on purpose.

  21. Publication dated to 1911 - anyone got earlier? by craighansen · · Score: 1

    Here's a copy published in 1911 (words only, but it makes it clear that this song well predates the 1935 date the copyright claimants are pegging their millions on).

    Title: The Elementary Worker and His Work
    Author: Alice Jacobs, et al
    Year: 1911

    https://books.google.com/books...

  22. Re:I think they might'a meant to say something els by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

    Actually, the Copyright Act was replaced entirely in 1976 (becoming effective in 1978), and has been amended some, yet in substantial ways, since then. Noises are being made about a new Copyright Act coming along in the near future.

    The person who wrote the summary is a bit confused. What happened is that the Warner claim was based on a copy published in 1935. Evidence was discovered of a copy that was published in 1927. That's not terribly interesting, but a copy published in 1922 has also come to light. That is interesting, because the cutoff for copyright on published works is 1923. (Due to the duration of copyright prior to the effective date of the 1976 Act, which retroactively lengthened the term of copyrights that were still in force)

    --
    -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.