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Baidu Data Research Reveals China's Ghost Cities (thestack.com)

An anonymous reader writes: Chinese web services giant, Baidu, has embarked on a new study in which it uses location information from users' mobile devices, as well as mapping and building data, to identify areas with high volumes of construction with relatively low population densities — known as 'ghost cities.' The researchers, in the published findings Ghost Cities: Analysis Based on Positioning Data in China, were able to discount areas which experienced high levels of tourism which skew the figures in peak seasons. The Baidu Big Data team discovered 50 ghost cities, although only 20 of these were revealed in the report to avoid potential harm to the real estate market in these areas.

59 of 109 comments (clear)

  1. Ghostly! by Calydor · · Score: 4, Funny

    Living in a ghost city gives me fast enough internet to get first post.

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    1. Re:Ghostly! by Noah+Haders · · Score: 1

      -1 sucky meter.

    2. Re: Ghostly! by bitflusher · · Score: 1

      I think the houses are expensive, this was one of the causes of the ghost town problem. Rich people buy a 2nd house as an investment but do not live in them. This drives prices up. People with an average income are unable to buy or rent at those prices.

  2. Home for refugees? by slowdeath · · Score: 3, Interesting

    How about relocating Syrian refugees into these unused housing units?

    1. Re:Home for refugees? by AK+Marc · · Score: 1

      Yeah, the free handout of "not dead" by ISIS or the foreign response to ISIS.

    2. Re:Home for refugees? by quantaman · · Score: 4, Insightful

      They aren't looking for housing, they are looking for socialist freebies in the (still) richer part of Europe.

      So you've uprooted your family to escape a really awful war zone and now need a new place to live, you have two options.

      1) Stop in a country with a poor and fairly zenophobic population and very few people who share your religion or culture.

      2) Stop in a country with a richer and less zenophobic population and communities of people who share your religion or culture.

      Of course they're fleeing to the richer parts of Europe where some Muslims already live, they're rational people who want them and their children to have good lives, why wouldn't they? Would you really settle in a poor country if you were in their position?

      As for settling them in the Chinese ghost cities they'd be put in a very difficult position without other people who shared their culture or language and living in a country who doesn't really know how to deal with immigrant populations, it probably wouldn't be their first choice.

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    3. Re:Home for refugees? by quantaman · · Score: 1

      they're rational people who want them and their children to have good lives, why wouldn't they?

      "Wanting" isn't enough. They left their children behind to seek handouts in Europe. These "refugees" are the first in history to have a majority of men and few to no families among them.

      Wrong

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    4. Re:Home for refugees? by quantaman · · Score: 1

      From the website you linked:

      51 percent are Syrian. The rest have come mainly from nine other countries. Most of these refugees and migrants have been men — 72 percent

      So 49% are definitely not from Syria and 72% of the total (Syrians and non-Syrians) are men. Syrians should have more women among them, so almost all non-Syrians "refugees" are men.

      And also from the website I linked:

      But his comment that “the majority of them are young males” is contradicted by the best data available on the Syrian refugees’ demographics.

      The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees — which refers refugees for resettlement in other countries — says there are more than 4 million registered Syrian refugees. Its figures on the demographic makeup of refugees is based on available data on the 2.1 million who were registered by the UNHCR in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan and Lebanon. (Another 1.9 million Syrian refugees were registered by the Government of Turkey, and more than 24,000 were registered in North Africa.)

      UNHCR’s data show that 50.5 percent of refugees are women. Females age 18 to 59 make up 23.9 percent of the refugees, while males in that age group make up 21.8 percent.

      Even younger males — age 12 to 17 — represent 6.5 percent of refugees, while females that age are 6.1 percent. The majority of refugees — 51.1 percent — are under age 17, including 38.5 percent who are younger than 12 years old. These numbers were as of Sept. 6.

      The figure you site talks about the 400k sea arrivals, at most 5% of the arrivals.

      Which raises the obvious question, why did you use the quote at all? Did you not think I'd actually read the article enough to see it was out of context? Did you somehow miss all the other context and only saw the phrase that seemed to support you? Did you know you were taking it out of context, realize I'd spot it, but decided to post it anyway? I just don't see the point.

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    5. Re:Home for refugees? by geggo98 · · Score: 2

      Just in the case anyone is wondering: Zenophobic is defined as "the fear of Zen".

    6. Re:Home for refugees? by Jack+Griffin · · Score: 1

      Of course they're fleeing to the richer parts of Europe where some Muslims already live, they're rational people who want them and their children to have good lives, why wouldn't they?

      This sounds nice, but the reality is that there is a queue of people on the French border trying to get smuggle themselves into the UK. Any argument for asylum evaporates if France isn't good enough for you.

    7. Re:Home for refugees? by quantaman · · Score: 1

      Of course they're fleeing to the richer parts of Europe where some Muslims already live, they're rational people who want them and their children to have good lives, why wouldn't they?

      This sounds nice, but the reality is that there is a queue of people on the French border trying to get smuggle themselves into the UK. Any argument for asylum evaporates if France isn't good enough for you.

      I assume they're trying to get into England from France for the same reason other people might want to be in England instead of France, maybe they have relatives there, or maybe they just speak English.

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    8. Re:Home for refugees? by ArylAkamov · · Score: 1

      Don't forget about them leaving Finland because "The internet is too slow, it's boring and it's too cold".

      Because that's the primary concern as a "refugee".

    9. Re:Home for refugees? by Jack+Griffin · · Score: 1

      Seeking asylum doesn't mean finding a more comfortable place to live. If the choice is death/torture/persecution, or learning a new language and being safe, then I think the latter is satisfactory.

  3. This is allowed? by wile_e_wonka · · Score: 2

    Is anyone else surprised that Baidu was willing and able to conduct and publish this study without intervention from the Chinese government?

    1. Re:This is allowed? by wile_e_wonka · · Score: 1

      And also, why is Baidu interested in this information?

    2. Re:This is allowed? by guestapoo · · Score: 1

      Ghost cities are not new in China. I have seen these news every years.

      Just Google some:
      http://www.dailybrainfreeze.co...
      http://www.dailymail.co.uk/new...

    3. Re:This is allowed? by gnupun · · Score: 1

      Nice justification for 24x7 spying on 700 million people. Couldn't they have just rented 10 cars and driven around all the cities to find the ghost cities in a month or so?

    4. Re:This is allowed? by AK+Marc · · Score: 2

      They don't mention the ghost cities that got occupied. What happened is that the population boom was slowed too well by the one-child policy. The housing growth rate continued after the population growth slowed. So there was over-build. It was also a welfare program. Rather than paying billions for people to sit at home, China's welfare program is to pay people to build things someone will need. Even Shenzhen started out as a ghost city, and is now over-crowded, with about 12M people moving there over 25 years.

    5. Re:This is allowed? by guestapoo · · Score: 2

      I don't think the Shenzhen example is valid, and not with the population (while some city, like Beijing is overcrowded), but I think the problem here is unbalanced development.

      Shenzhen was built when Zheng Xiaoping began modernize China, with the help of USA. There was with plenty of opportunity to develop at this time, when China was likely built from the ground up. But now, it's easy to build city, but it's much harder to create social services, move to the businesses, etc, to the newly city.

    6. Re:This is allowed? by AK+Marc · · Score: 1

      But it's the same idea. A new city holding 12M people 25 years after it was founded has never happened before in the history of the planet. China has done it, and many of the ghost towns are waiting for the same thing to happen there.

    7. Re:This is allowed? by guestapoo · · Score: 1

      The same? As the children were born in the era of economic boom relying on low-wage workers, one child policy, *are the same* as the children will be born in the era of two child policy and rapidly aging population, more competitive, and the economic development could not rely on cheap/low-quality products anymore?

      As I pointed out, Shenzhen was the first, and the only special economic zone at this time, may be everyone wanted to go there.

      I remember in old Oxford Headway, there's lesson about Shenzhen was in construction, described as the sign of the rise of China. But, this at the moment, the new-Shenzhen (ghost city) could be the sign of (the begin of) the decline of China.

  4. Oh noes, can't have anything threating land prices by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 4, Insightful

    > although only 20 of these were revealed in the report to avoid potential harm to the real estate market in these areas.

    Wow. This is a new low for capitalism. Can't reveal facts because someone might lose money if they ever came to light ! /sarcasm And here I thought only the USA had the best government money can buy.

  5. Huh. by Type44Q · · Score: 3, Funny

    Lead researcher, Guanghua Chi hopes that the study will help the Chinese government...

    And the Chinese government hopes Guanghua Chi's organs enjoy long, prosperous lives in their new [wealthy, Australian] bodies...

  6. There are no jobs for the Chinese there by rsilvergun · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Why would it be any different for the refugees? It's kinda like when they relocated all those dirt poor black share croppers to the projects in the 70s and then Reagan pulled the funding sending them into a perpetual spiral of poverty. Did I say 'kinda'?

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    1. Re:There are no jobs for the Chinese there by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

      By "the 70s" and "Reagan", you probably mean the 50's and the Department of Housing under the LBJ administration. If anyone tried it after that, they had no excuse.

    2. Re:There are no jobs for the Chinese there by JoeMerchant · · Score: 2

      Regan wasn't elected until the '80s, and I'd find it hard to give him credit for the perpetual spiral of poverty, that's been a hallmark of American Democracy since forever. The land of Equal Opportunity - well, except for those kids with rich parents, they get more equal opportunities than the rest.

    3. Re:There are no jobs for the Chinese there by plopez · · Score: 3, Informative

      LBJ wasn't in office 'til the 60's. And the parks directory of NYC shares much of the blame, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

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    4. Re:There are no jobs for the Chinese there by dbIII · · Score: 2

      True, he was a symptom of everything going to shit and not the cause. People get confused about him because he would say something (eg. never deal with terrorist) then do the opposite (eg. massive payout to Iran over the hostages as his first thing in office FFS, then arms dealing to Hezbolla and a long list of rebels in Central America).

  7. Re:Should I be concerned? by Coren22 · · Score: 2, Interesting

    The primary way for Chinese people to legally invest money is to buy property, so many of these units go to property speculators trying to earn a return. Also, China plans far in advance, and the people have been moving from the country to the cities at an amazing rate there, so they are taking the long view and building housing for the boom that has been ongoing for decades. They won't always be ghost cities, but currently no one lives there.

    http://blogs.reuters.com/great...

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  8. Protect The Monied Interests by Afty0r · · Score: 2

    "only 20 of these were revealed in the report to avoid potential harm to the real estate market in these areas" To avoid harm to a market, they are willing to withhold the truth, which potentially harms everyone who is considering purchasing (or even renting) a property in that market.

  9. Re:Should I be concerned? by Raseri · · Score: 2, Informative

    China's so-called ghost cities are actually just very, very new. http://blogs.reuters.com/great... What actually seems to happen is that developers (the real estate kind, not the Steve Ballmer kind) buy land for cheap because it's far from any existing population center, but Chinese law requires them to build something rather than sitting on it. So all these developers build all this stuff, and after a few years people start moving in and the ghost cities become just plain cities.

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  10. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by BotanistPrime · · Score: 2

    This is how China operates! Only good news is reported. Bad news is not.

  11. Re:Should I be concerned? by Raseri · · Score: 1

    It looks like a redundant post, but that's what I get for allowing myself to get sidetracked by work while I'm posting on /.

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  12. We're in trouble now by wyattstorch516 · · Score: 1

    They will probably use these cities to house ghost armies and take over the world. Bet they got the idea from "Return of the King".

    1. Re:We're in trouble now by plopez · · Score: 1

      BUt only a Northern European can command that army..... doh!

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  13. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by trout007 · · Score: 2

    You misspelled communism.

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  14. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by guestapoo · · Score: 1

    And here I thought only the USA had the best government money can buy.

    Billionaire Lawmakers Ensure the Rich Are Represented in China’s Legislature
    It seems that Chinese is trying to copy USA, but "building" bigger model. They are now going to build their military structure from USA model (of course, with more soldiers), they already copied the USA highway system, but with larger road, and more lanes.

  15. Re:Should I be concerned? by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

    They're dispersal sites in case it looks like the cans of instant sunshine are going to start flying.

    (The cities I mean, not the sodding sheds.)

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  16. Re:Should I be concerned? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The Chinese government is trying to run a command economy (Communism).

    Building shit nobody wants or needs at grate expense is one of the more common problems with command economies, as you get the government deciding what to build and where and the people who make the decision have no incentive to care more about the demand for those buildings than who's pockets get lined in the building of them.

  17. Chinese long term thinking by ErichTheRed · · Score: 2, Interesting

    I think it's been mentioned before that China is moving a lot of its rural population into cities to allow them to provide government services more efficiently, as well as create a larger consumer culture. At the same time, one of the only stable stores of wealth for Chinese is real estate. As many articles lately have mentioned, the stock market is even more speculative than ours and not suitable for long term investing. The only issue now is filling all these empty spaces so the original investors can get their money out.

    We'll see what they have in mind for this next phase, but China has been remarkably good at long term central planning. It's something missing in Western countries -- the full control of authoritarianism while doing anything necessary to grow the economy. It'll be interesting to see what happens.

    1. Re:Chinese long term thinking by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

      But they also have been cutting costs alot and letting things go without good upkeep. How well thing go at full load?

    2. Re:Chinese long term thinking by quantaman · · Score: 2

      I think it's been mentioned before that China is moving a lot of its rural population into cities to allow them to provide government services more efficiently, as well as create a larger consumer culture. At the same time, one of the only stable stores of wealth for Chinese is real estate. As many articles lately have mentioned, the stock market is even more speculative than ours and not suitable for long term investing. The only issue now is filling all these empty spaces so the original investors can get their money out.

      We'll see what they have in mind for this next phase, but China has been remarkably good at long term central planning. It's something missing in Western countries -- the full control of authoritarianism while doing anything necessary to grow the economy. It'll be interesting to see what happens.

      Rather it's been very short term thinking, doing massive infrastructure projects of only marginal usefulness in order to maintain 10% economic growth and avoid a recession for reasons of political stability.

      Do you really think they planned for massive empty cities? What do you think happens to big empty buildings? They don't hold their value.

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  18. NK ones when Kim Jong Un goes to far by Joe_Dragon · · Score: 1

    NK ones when Kim Jong Un goes to far and they all rush the border.

  19. Re:Should I be concerned? by plopez · · Score: 1

    Every major company in the world desires a command economy; "buy our product even if it is crap", e.g. MS.

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  20. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by plopez · · Score: 2

    More like state capitalism, aka fascism.

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  21. The 80s is when the projects went to hell by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    it's also when all the social programs got defunded. Reagan turned back the clock on what FDR had started. Bush Sr & Clinton continued that ( he never really cared about anything except being prez) and Bush Jr ramped it up into full gear so he could give the money to his cronies.

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    1. Re:The 80s is when the projects went to hell by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

      Looks flat to me, rather than decreasing. Considering that unemployment lowered during the 80s as well, I'd say a flat level of expenditures on entitlements would be expected.

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    2. Re:The 80s is when the projects went to hell by Zak3056 · · Score: 1

      it's also when all the social programs got defunded

      Bullshit. No housing project ever succeeded. Now days they try to mix Section 8 housing into otherwise good communities, which results in nothing but increased crime. I've seen it first hand.

      Which is a huge shame, since Section 8 (the way it was originally intended) should be one of the most successful welfare programs in US history, and one any conservative could get behind.

      The original section 8 families were carefully screened and selected to find people who didn't want a hand out, but a hand up, with the intent of getting them out of bad neighborhoods and into an environment they could thrive. It was wildly successful in achieving its aims, and was actually a fairly inexpensive program. It was expanded drastically because of its success, and the criteria for entry into the program were lowered, with its original aims lost in the bureaucratic mess. Today, as you point out, it's just a way of exporting poverty and crime into previously stable neighborhoods (see Memphis for an example). It has also gone from being something that was a short term boost into a long term lifestyle.

      They say the road to hell is paved with good intentions, and Section 8 is proof of that.

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    3. Re:The 80s is when the projects went to hell by DutchUncle · · Score: 1

      I'm inclined to blame the Republicans because they have had a consistent approach of overloading programs until they break, then point at the broken thing and say "Government doesn't work". Since they could neither stop nor kill Social Security, they added more and more beneficiary categories to help it go broke faster; same approach with other social programs, and I expect them to do the same turnaround on Obamacare. From an abstract games-theory standpoint, it's interestingly similar to Microsoft's embrace-and-extend approach to standards ("Oh, yes, we use the standard PLUS a few bonus things we think were helpful . .").

    4. Re:The 80s is when the projects went to hell by Zak3056 · · Score: 1

      I'm inclined to blame the Republicans

      This is decidedly unhelpful, and is part of the reason that we can't have nice things.

      Oddly enough, everything related to Section 8, from inception until the present day, happened under a republican president with a democratic congress

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  22. Re:Stupid is as stupid posts by swb · · Score: 1

    It does beg the question why they don't stop as soon as they are out of immediate peril, like in Turkey or Greece.

    Sure, if you're escaping a hellhole you want to make sure to end up someplace nice, but it does seem like there's a bit of opportunism there, taking advantage of the sense of peril to make sure you do end up someplace nice.

  23. Re:Should I be concerned? by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 1

    In China, you get the hollow shell. That's the normal approach for new construction - in a "ghost city" or in the heart of Shanghai. You pay for the flooring, paint, doors, fixtures (plumbing and electrical), even the outlet covers and the outlets themselves. You get the concrete walls, ceiling, floor, and pre-pulled electrical and plumbing - and that's it.

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  24. So no return in China's property market by MrKaos · · Score: 1

    Thanks for the investment advice.

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  25. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by LynnwoodRooster · · Score: 3, Informative

    Which has been the typical result of every communist country (self-declared communist, at that) ever.

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  26. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by dbIII · · Score: 1

    It's an old tradition with examples like the San Francisco "fire" because worries about earthquakes would drive down property values - but the realestate ghouls couldn't get the label to stick.
    Some people who want to sell stuff are scum the world over and would prefer to hide any fact that reduces a sale price. Put some of those people in government, especially a very autocratic one like China, and the obvious happens.
    There is hope though. A crackdown on corruption has been so effective that a side effect is casinos around the world that do business with Chinese government types on holiday are hurting. The amount of money laundering was staggering, and how much is still being ripped off is a mystery but it's a lot less than it was.

  27. Re:What Is The Purpose? by AHuxley · · Score: 1

    Re "What is the purpose of building these "ghost cities"? Blocks or cities of vacant housing don't make sense. Why are they being built in such seemingly large numbers?"
    The wages of the people building, designing a city was seen as a good spend. Better to have them enjoying a days work, offer of advanced skills, new materials and local experts.
    Over time it was felt that any created city would fill up as heavy production in the area would need workers and workers like clean, new homes with other workers around them.
    Add in hospitals, clubs, bars, water treatment, government workers needs, office workers, public transport - everything was designed and set out to new standards.
    The "seemingly large numbers" was to help the local export economy with cheap workers, new jobs or just relocate people as traditional cities got redesigned only for the very rich.
    So mostly jobs, workers needs, expanding traditional wealthy city concepts that could move poor relocated people a new cheap ready city areas. The part that was missed was "community".

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  28. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by BitZtream · · Score: 1

    You're totally right. Being on one of the most prominent news sites in the world is exactly like hiding it completely and not telling any one.

    Someone should ban you.

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  29. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by BitZtream · · Score: 1

    The Faux news

    Kind of like how your post is being used to push your own political agenda.

    Ironic that you're trying to be all high and mighty about Fox's shitty practice while at the same time doing the exact thing you're whining about.

    Next you demonstrate you clearly have no fucking clue how districting works and why its like it is.

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  30. Re:Oh noes, can't have anything threating land pri by UnknownSoldier · · Score: 1

    Wow.

    I guess you can fix ignorant but you can't fix stupid.