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Researchers Find Game-Changing Helium Reserve In Tanzania (cnn.com)

An anonymous reader writes from a report via CNN: Helium is an incredibly important element that is used in everything from party balloons to MRI machines -- it's even used for nuclear power. For many years, there have been global shortages of the element. For example, Tokyo Disneyland once had to suspend sales of its helium balloons due to the shortages. The shortages are expected to come to an end now that researchers from Oxford and Durham universities have discovered a "world-class" helium gas field in Tanzania's East African Rift Valley. They estimate that just one part of the reserve in Tanzania could be as large as 54 billion cubic feet (BCf), which is enough to fill more than 1.2 million medical MRI scanners. "To put this discovery into perspective, global consumption of helium is about 8 billion cubic feet (BCf) per year and the United States Federal Helium Reserve, which is the world's largest supplier, has a current reserve of just 24.2 BCf," said University of Oxford's Chris Ballentine, a professor with the Department of Earth Sciences. "Total known reserves in the USA are around 153 BCf. This is a game-changer for the future security of society's helium needs and similar finds in the future may not be far away," Ballentine added.

15 of 190 comments (clear)

  1. Just two words by MountainLogic · · Score: 3, Funny
    1. Re:Just two words by Rei · · Score: 4, Informative

      In a single deposit, that's pretty huge.

      Regardless, the "running out of helium" thing is a bit of hyperbole. For one, right now we waste most of our helium (in industry, not balloons - balloons and aircraft are only a tiny fraction of the total). We could reduce consumption by an order of magnitude by better recycling. Even concerning aircraft, new fabrics like vectran are significantly less permeable than old ones, and new techniques (hybrid airships, phase-change ballast, etc) help avoid the need for venting.

      Helium can't "run out" on Earth because it's part of our atmosphere. Now, chilling it out of the air would be significantly more expensive than recovering from ground reserves - no question there. But from a concentration perspective, neon is about 3,6 times as common as helium, which is in turn about 57 times as common as xenon (by volume). Neon is about $70/kg, xenon about $3500. So it's not linear, but helium would probably slot in at around $150, about an order of magnitude more expensive than it is today. Some back of an envelope calculations show that a party balloon contains around 2 grams of helium, meaning that the helium would cost about $0,30. Hardly world changing, from that perspective at least.

      Furthermore, we're not going to be switching to recovering from the atmosphere simply because there will always be more in the ground. We'll move from one deposit to the next, richest to next richest (a downward trend, offset by the upward trend of new finds and the advancement of new technology driving down recovery costs). So long as there's gases in the Earth of any kind, they're going to be more helium-rich than the air. They're also going to be easier to extract the helium from - dilutant gases like CO2, for example, are much easier to freeze out than O2/N2/Ar.

      Lastly, the costs of cryogenic refrigeration are only set to go down. Right now, low temperature refrigeration not only has low thermal efficiency, it also has low carnot efficiency. That is, to say, physics says we can be far more efficient than we actually are. But new refrigeration systems, like AMR (magnetic), allow for much higher efficiencies at cryogenic temperatures.

      --
      Did he just go crazy and fall asleep?
  2. Oh the horror for mouse land. by I4ko · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Why the f*ck are we still wasting this gas on such stupid things as party balloons. Why wasn't this completely verboten years ago.

    1. Re:Oh the horror for mouse land. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Why the f*ck are we still wasting this gas on such stupid things as party balloons. Why wasn't this completely verboten years ago.

      Much of the helium used for balloons is recycled (captured from devices using liquid helium) and the gas in party balloons is actually a very small sector of the helium market. What I don't understand is why the United States is dumping helium from its reserve. This is causing prices to be unnaturally low and there is going to be a massive price shock when the reserve is finally empty. What motivation is there for that?

    2. Re:Oh the horror for mouse land. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Informative

      Why are we using it on:

      Cryogenics (32%)

          Pressurizing and purging (18%)

          Welding (13%)

          Controlled atmospheres (18%)

          Leak detection (4%)

          Breathing mixtures (2%)

    3. Re:Oh the horror for mouse land. by spire3661 · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Contrary to popular belief, the government doesnt get to control every fucking thing.

      --
      Good-bye
    4. Re:Oh the horror for mouse land. by tlhIngan · · Score: 5, Informative

      Why the f*ck are we still wasting this gas on such stupid things as party balloons. Why wasn't this completely verboten years ago.

      Well, technically, the party balloon helium is quite impure, and it often is economically unviable to refine it for scientific usage.

      That's the only reason why it's still around - it costs more to make it useful than to use what we have in the reserves that are usable.

      Contrary to popular belief, the party balloon folks are just as price sensitive, and a bottle of the good He is much too expensive, so they buy the crappy impure He.

      Once supplies dwindle to the point refining party balloon He to lab grade is economically viable, then we won't have He balloons anymore.

    5. Re:Oh the horror for mouse land. by PopeRatzo · · Score: 3, Funny

      Why the f*ck are we still wasting this gas on such stupid things as party balloons. Why wasn't this completely verboten years ago.

      It's a proven fact that fully 1/3 of all helium production in the world each year goes to making people talk like chipmunks.

      --
      You are welcome on my lawn.
  3. Thank god, we are saved, for 6 years by frnic · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Seriously, click bait much? Yes, it is a large find, but at 8 BCF/year it is about 6 or 7 years of supply, that is NOT a game changer for humanity, that is a game changer for the people that will make a fortune rationing it out until we run out of helium.

  4. Re:What? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Funny

    That's hot air. I can see how you could be confused, though, as they both make balloons fly.

  5. Re:"Researchers from Oxford and Durham" by magarity · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Nice rant about the US and UK pillaging the innocent locals. You seem to have missed the most obvious choice: Local Tanzanian officials will vastly enrich themselves and send their families to the US and UK while leaving nothing for the people.

  6. Technique to find it is the game changer by tomhath · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Up to now helium was found by chance when drilling for something else. This time they worked out a geological model of where to look, and sure enough they found a huge amount the first place they looked based on that model.

    That's the "game changer", knowing where to look for helium.

  7. Re:A shortage of the second most common element... by amicusNYCL · · Score: 4, Funny

    There are generally other workable replacements to be had for most of He's uses. Just ask Zeppelin about that.

    We can't just replace He with Pb, idiot.

    --
    "Our two-party system is like a bowl of shit looking at itself in a mirror." - Lewis Black
  8. Re:REMEMBER THE HINDENBURG! by Deadstick · · Score: 4, Informative

    He seems to know a great deal more about it than you do. The Germans used hydrogen because the US had a monopoly on helium and wouldn't sell them any, thanks to their using zeppelins in WW1. Verstehen Sie?

  9. I want our government slow and inefficient by raymorris · · Score: 3, Insightful

    > Nobody ever said Government was smart and foreword thinking about what it does. In fact, most thinking people understand that it's quite the opposite, government is usually stupid, slow, costly and inefficient, a set of traist that gets worse as government gets bigger.

    I HOPE my government remains slow and inefficient. Holding public hearings, referendums, etc. is slow and inefficient. Giving the minority opinion a chance to speak their mind is slow and inefficient. It's much more faster and more efficient for a dictator to just declare government policy. Publishing proposed laws before for several days before they are voted on slows things down.

    It took from 1993 to 2010, seventeen years, to pass HillaryCare. I like that way much better than the alternative, which can be seen in North Korea, Cuba, and Syria. They don't bother with transparency laws, public bidding on government contracts, etc. That stuff is inefficient.