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Scientists Identify Another Source of Dangerous Greenhouse Gases: Reservoirs (popsci.com)
A team of researchers from Canada, Holland, China, the U.S. and Brazil "found that greenhouse gas emissions from man-made reservoirs were likely equal to the equivalent of one gigaton of carbon dioxide being released into the atmosphere every year...a little less than one-sixth of the United State's greenhouse gas emissions." An anonymous Slashdot reader quotes Popular Science:
A reservoir is usually created by damming a river, overflowing the banks and flooding the surrounding area, creating a man-made lake...the perfect conditions for microbes to generate greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane (a gas that is about 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide)... "When reservoirs are first flooded there's organic matter in the soil and vegetation that can be converted by microbes into methane and carbon dioxide," John Harrison, a co-author of the paper, tells Popular Science.
"Also, reservoirs because they are in line in rivers, they receive a lot of organic matter and organic sediment from upstream that can fuel the production of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide." Harrison says that reservoirs also tend to occur in areas where fertilizers are used on the surrounding land. Runoff from those fertilizers into bodies of water can cause algal blooms that can also produce more methane and carbon dioxide.
If the world's reservoirs were a country, they'd be #8 on a list of polluters -- right behind Brazil, China, the EU and the U.S.
"Also, reservoirs because they are in line in rivers, they receive a lot of organic matter and organic sediment from upstream that can fuel the production of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide." Harrison says that reservoirs also tend to occur in areas where fertilizers are used on the surrounding land. Runoff from those fertilizers into bodies of water can cause algal blooms that can also produce more methane and carbon dioxide.
If the world's reservoirs were a country, they'd be #8 on a list of polluters -- right behind Brazil, China, the EU and the U.S.
To hydro, or not to hydro--that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler on the earth to suffer
The slings and varied emissions of outrageous power generation
Or to take arms against a sea of microbes
And by opposing end them.
"I love animals! Some are cute, others are tasty, what's not to like?" - Betsy Schroeder, Jeopardy contestant
It doesn't really matter. Ultimately the problem is people. The only way to save the planet is to get rid of all the people. People dam rivers, raise cows, run industry and just generally destroy the environment. I guess the planet is doomed. Enjoy it while it lasts.
From the article:
"For one, when reservoirs are first flooded there’s organic matter in the soil and vegetation that can be converted by microbes into methane and carbon dioxide. Also, reservoirs because they are in line in rivers, they receive a lot of organic matter and organic sediment from upstream that can fuel the production of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide."
Okay... these are not going to be an issue in a un-dammed river (or natural lake)?
Harrison says that reservoirs also tend to occur in areas where fertilizers are used on the surrounding land. Runoff from those fertilizers into bodies of water can cause algal blooms that can also produce more methane and carbon dioxide.
A level of being redundant... Okay... these are not going to be an issue in a un-dammed river? And ... they are going to blame reservoirs for non-associated (man caused) pollution?
Someone is very anti-reservoirs (read pro coal/gas)
AFAIK co2 isn't bad in itself. Without co2 we'd have much more serious problems than we have now.
The point is that the co2 equilibrium is disturbed by the fact that man dig or pumps up fossil fuels that have been stored for millions of years thereby adding co2 to the atmosphere.
Burning wood, rotting vegetation, farting animals and bubbling reservoirs are part of the co2 balance already so are not the cause of the current problem.
(This is how I understand it which - admittedly - isn't saying much)
The headline and summary makes it sound like it is a large effect. It's not.
The estimate was 25% too low, and
"All told, reservoirs used for everything from power to flood control to irrigation account for roughly 1.3 percent of our global carbon footprint, much higher than previous estimates."
Wow. We're talking about a 1.3 percent contribution, and the original estimate was off by 25%.
So, the original estimate undercounted greenhouse emissions by a little under half a percent.
Some other sources:
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/whoops-dams-and-reservoirs-release-tons-greenhouse-gases-180960645/?no-ist
http://gizmodo.com/scientists-just-discovered-a-major-new-source-of-carbon-1787222994
http://www.geoffreylandis.com
These are fair and cogent questions... How did you get it here?
I think they are making the issue about fresh soil providing nutrients for microbes at a higher rate due to submersion induced mobility of both the microbes and the nutrients. The thing is, if you have real soil (i.e. dirt+biomass+microbes±other_critters) then that process was happening, albeit at a reduced rate. It's called composting and that has been happening since the first green thing died. And microbes would have gotten around to all the available nutrients at some point. As to rivers fueling the process, I would be very concerned about the fertilizer load carried down stream, but the normal "payload" of biomass was going to break down somewhere in any case. If the rivers biomass were to travel to the sea uninterrupted, I would expect different critters to be waiting to snack the stuff back into farts. Have to add one more sentence because I don't want to end a post with the word farts.
OK, trying again this time we end with egg salad...
You have the right to remain sentient. If you give up the right to remain sentient, you will be elected to public office
This tired old argument again? It's been known for years, usually brought up as part of anti-hydro power campaigns typically funded by our pro-fossil fuel lobbying friends.
While not good, this isn't really that bad. Consider for a moment why we call them fossil fuels. That is taking carbon which was long out of play and adding it into the system.
With lakes dams and still rivers it is burping up atmospheric carbon which was already in play over the last decades or centuries anyway and wasn't neccesarily on track to be sequestered. That orgaic matter recently took the carbon out of the atmosphere, thus no net change to the amount of carbon in the system. If it comee up as methane that's not good for 125 years or so until it breaks down to CO2 again, but that pales in comparison to the effect of ancient carbon being added to the system.
~.~
I'm a peripheral visionary.
I'm not nearly as poetic as you, but:
> To hydro, or not to hydro--that is the question
That question was answered in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. We did put hydroelectric dams in most of the places where geography makes it attractive to do so.
There's a lot to be said good about hydro-electric, and some bad. Like nuclear, it provides steady, reliable, clean energy, and like nuclear a worst-case accident could be really bad. The collapse of the Banqiao hydroelectric dam killed about a quarter million people, for example.
Differences between hydro and nuclear include:
Political feasibility: until recently, it was fashionable in environmental circles to bash nuclear and promote hydro. That's changing.
Scalablity/growth: As mentioned, most of the good hydro spots are already in use. New nuclear plants can be built in many places.
Safety record: While both could theoretically cause many causalties in worst-case scenario, hydro actually does have such accidents occassionally, and a million people have actually been affected. Nuclear has had three pretty scary close calls, but nothing has actually happened like Banqaio etc have for hydro.
Let's just get rid of the people. They are clearly very bad for the environment, no matter what they do or don't do. And we have the technology to decimate the population in like half an hour, and cool down the earth as well through nuclear winter. How's that for problem solving?
...then that process was happening, albeit at a reduced rate. It's called composting...
Composting is an aerobic process which does not release methane.
Rotting (under water), which is the issue here, happens anaerobically and releases methane.
"Trump!!", the new Godwin.
Not matter what alternative you offer them, they will find a problem with it and reject it.
When Fascism comes to America, it will call itself Anti-Fascism, and tell you to give up your guns.
Given any problem, Greens only support solutions that don't exist yet. As soon as we started building the windfields and solar farms they told us they wanted, objections began to appear.
Example: Currently, we hear Green support for vat-grown meat as a resource-efficient and cruelty-free substitute for range cattle. You know and I know that the moment vat meat goes on the market, it will be condemned as "nutritional plastic."