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Health Apps Could Be Doing More Harm Than Good, Warn Scientists (theguardian.com)

According to several scientists, fitness apps might be doing more harm than good because they don't work but force people to focus on ambitious goals that they will never reach. Some are so appalled by these apps that they have called it "snake oil salesmen of the 1860s." From a report on The Guardian: Greg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins University, said that in the absence of trials or scientific grounding it was impossible to say whether apps were having the intended effect. "I am sure that these apps are causing problems," he told the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting in Boston. [...] Hager claimed the 10,000 steps target dated back to a 1960s Japanese study that showed there were health benefits for men who burned at least 2,000 calories per week through exercise -- roughly equivalent to 10,000 steps each day. An early pedometer was known as the manpo-kei, which means "10,000-step meter" in Japanese. "But is that the right number for any of you in this room?" Hager asked. "Who knows. It's just a number that's now built into the apps." "We have an incredible number of apps in the wild basically being downloaded by people who may or may not understand what they are actually telling them or what the context for that is," he said. "Until we have evidence-based apps you could amplify issues. I mean, imagine everyone thinks they have to do 10,000 steps but you are not actually physically capable of doing that, you could actually cause harm or damage by doing so."

20 of 93 comments (clear)

  1. Leave it to the scientists.... by cogeek · · Score: 5, Interesting

    "Greg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins University, said that in the absence of trials or scientific grounding it was impossible to say whether apps were having the intended effect. "I am sure that these apps are causing problems," he told the American Association for the Advancement of Science annual meeting in Boston."

    Without scientific study we can't say for sure that these apps are working, but we can say for sure that they're causing problems... Makes sense. As to pushing someone to walk 10,000 steps per day, if a person's not physically capable of walking 10,000 steps it's on them and their doctor to determine that. No app is going to force me to do something I'm not capable of just because it says on the screen that I should.

    1. Re:Leave it to the scientists.... by Gavagai80 · · Score: 3, Insightful

      If your doctor hasn't already told you not to eat certain foods because of your liver, how does the app have any more probability of harming you than your own subjectively selected diet? If the doctor has warned you but you weren't listening, then how is the app any more likely to be harmful than your own subjectively selected diet?

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    2. Re:Leave it to the scientists.... by cogeek · · Score: 2

      And every one of those apps starts with the disclaimer "Consult your doctor before beginning any exercise or dietary regimen" You can't fix stupid. If people decide not to consult a doctor then Darwin is proven right once again.

    3. Re:Leave it to the scientists.... by thegarbz · · Score: 2

      If your liver is not working right, and an app advises you to eat certain amounts of certain foods, you won't know you were not capable of eating those foods until your doctor is telling you you have only 4 days to live unless you luck into a liver transplant.

      If you don't understand which foods to eat because you have a liver problem than that is the fault of the doctor and you, not your app.

      Except for Untapped, the social network for beer drinkers. That app I'm sure has a negative affect on your liver.

  2. They get you off your ass by presidenteloco · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Scientific study of the benefit or harm is good. No doubt.

    But, from a common sense 30,000 foot perspective, if there is even the slightest effect among the majority of these apps of embarrassing you into getting off your ass a little more often, isn't that likely to be a net health positive?

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    Where are we going and why are we in a handbasket?
    1. Re:They get you off your ass by Daetrin · · Score: 3, Funny

      But, from a common sense 30,000 foot perspective, if there is even the slightest effect among the majority of these apps of embarrassing you into getting off your ass a little more often, isn't that likely to be a net health positive?

      Damn it! 10,000 steps a day was hard enough! Now you're saying 30,000 feet is the common sense amount? That's an extra 2000-3000 steps per day!

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    2. Re: They get you off your ass by TimMD909 · · Score: 2, Interesting

      I smoke and drink as part of my warm up before a 10km or longer run. I don't eat dessert because "it's unhealthy" yet I've even pizza every day for a week. We're all hypocrites in our own ways. Nothing bad about it.

    3. Re:They get you off your ass by daveywest · · Score: 2

      ... and a smallpox vaccine's effectiveness could vary greatly depending on the individual – at least according to the anti-vaxers. I'm all for scientific study, but implying increased general physical activity might be harmful flys in the face of logic and generally agreed upon health standards.

    4. Re:They get you off your ass by TechyImmigrant · · Score: 4, Funny

      But, from a common sense 30,000 foot perspective, if there is even the slightest effect among the majority of these apps of embarrassing you into getting off your ass a little more often, isn't that likely to be a net health positive?

      Damn it! 10,000 steps a day was hard enough! Now you're saying 30,000 feet is the common sense amount? That's an extra 2000-3000 steps per day!

      If you start at 30,000 feet, terminal velocity will be reached quite quickly and the word terminal can be interpreted in at least two ways.

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      I should use this sig to advertise my book ISBN-13 : 978-1501515132.
    5. Re:They get you off your ass by thegarbz · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Answering questions like that is why we need scientific study. The answer could quite well vary greatly depending on the individual.

      Let me help you with that. The science has been settled on that study long ago. Exercise and movement = good. It's right up there with the climate is changing, gravity exists, and the air is breathable. There's not been a single scientific study that says exercise and movement is bad and it isn't back by any medical principles either.

      Now the amount of benefit will likely vary but that's not what was being discussed, what was being discussed is that health apps come with a default setting and that setting is bad and we need science to determine a solution to suit everyone. That, my friend, is absurd.

      Also answering whether having an app tell you to get off your ass actually does get you off your ass will vary greatly.

      Science can not help you there. But having the app certainly doesn't produce a negative result there either, and if you are really contrarian you probably wouldn't have the app in the first place.

    6. Re:They get you off your ass by ckatko · · Score: 2

      You missed the point entirely.

      10,000 steps is a huge amount for some people. I'm disabled, I can't make it most days.

      Setting the number at 10,000 _implies_ that everyone should be doing it, which implies that everyone should be ABLE to do it.

      To cut to the core of what I'm saying here: Many people see that number, see they NEVER meet it, and feel LESS motivated. People don't like failure--even if it's just a lack of "star" icon appearing on their app to remind them of their perceived failure.

      Applications should stress IMPROVEMENT over previous results NOT achieving an arbitrary number. (And what if you achieve that number? Now you don't feel motivated to SURPASS that number.)

      It's the damn GPA grading system all over again. (And everyone has glowing reviews of the education system, right?) Once people get an "A" on a test, _they_ _stop_ _learning_. Kids who don't have that arbitrary system never know when to stop learning (because there's nobody telling them they're "done") so they just keep going. Also, kids who never meet that "A" on the test feel demotivated into not even trying. "I've never made an A before, why should I even try?"

      We're dealing with people's most subconscious habits. You can't treat this problem like a logical problem. You have to treat this like a PEOPLE problem, where people often don't make choices that are in their short or long-term best interest.

      p.s. Another related topic to read up on is "point systems" for driving infractions. Researchers have shown that when people have the "count down" system (You have X points and lose them for infractions), they feel like they have "Free points" and only worry when they get close to zero points (suspension of your license). However, IIRC (it's been years), with the "rising points" system people feel better about being at, "Zero failures." And when they add points there is no "ceiling". Just like how kids at schools with fences will play AT the fence, but schools without fences, the kids play much further inland / away from the street. Working out is a psychological, motivational problem. Don't try to reduce it to mere logic.

  3. Not built into app - built into HR's health plan by xxxJonBoyxxx · · Score: 2, Interesting

    >> is that the right number (of steps) for any of you?...It's just a number that's now built into the apps

    It's worse that being built into a crappy little "health app" - it can actually cost you hundreds of dollars a month.

    I was recently at a company where you got a discount on your health care plan if you walked 3,500 steps a day. With that in mind, I downloaded the related health-care app so I could reverse-engineer the web services and feed them the appropriate numbers each day to avoid paying more.

  4. No change by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Funny

    I was fat before fitbit. Now I'm stylishly fat.

  5. Tech too often a veneer for Snake Oil by skids · · Score: 2

    Of course there's no science behind 95% (guess) of apps that really need science behind them. Science does not fit well into a devops release schedule.

    I don't know whether to view this as the inevitable creep of snake oil into every market orifice, or tech giving snake oil a shot in the arm by virtue of people thinking "well, it took smart tech people to make this sniny modern 'app' so it must have the blessing of smart people."

    1. Re:Tech too often a veneer for Snake Oil by thegarbz · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Of course there's no science behind 95% (guess) of apps that really need science behind them.

      I want you to define what apps need science behind them. Based on the universal concensus of exercise / movement / not sitting on your fat arse at the TV all day = good for you I would say every single fitness app has science behind it.

      The actual science itself is already done. Most fitness apps that I've seen ask for weight, and age, and then use generally medically accepted figures to determine target heart rates for exercise etc. Every other fitness app is nothing more than a tracker and is completely at the control of the person using it: i.e. no science needed by the developer. They don't care if you run 1km or 5km.

      Quite frankly the entire premise of science hasn't determined a one size fits all approach so you shouldn't use apps is simply stupid.

  6. Overstated by xeos · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The example of 10,000 steps being too much for some people seems like a silly criticism. It's like saying just because some people are missing a finger, (5-fingered) gloves are bad.

    Not to say that research isn't needed, just that decrying something for not being a universal solution is pretty weak.

  7. sad sack by binarybum · · Score: 2

    things are pretty sad with the world if we have serious concerns that recommendations to take 10,000 steps in one day might hurt someone.

        The whole drink 8 glasses of water a day thing is probably more of a risky recommendation for certain pre-existing conditions, but c'mon. Any health / exercise recommendation should be taken with caution if your health is on the far end of the bell curve.
    This is a ridiculous criticism.

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  8. Re:Not built into app - built into HR's health pla by serviscope_minor · · Score: 2

    With that in mind, I downloaded the related health-care app so I could reverse-engineer the web services and feed them the appropriate numbers each day to avoid paying more.

    Are you boasting about committing fraud? And, if you happen to get caught then your insurance will be invalid, so if you need to use it, uoi'll personally be on the hook for all of the medical bills.

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  9. Working for me by bi$hop · · Score: 2

    I changed my diet and started exercising in November. After losing about 12 pounds, I bought a popular fitness tracker in January to help me keep going. I don't use it to track steps at all. I track calories in/out, water intake, various exercises, and sleep. It's been quite helpful, and I've lost another 13 pounds since then.

  10. I for one vote by thegarbz · · Score: 2

    I for one vote we should suspend all exercise until we can determine a scientifically and clearly defined target for each person and get these hard coded in apps.

    But on a more serious note, what a stupid argument to make. Just because someone doesn't understand the purpose of exercise doesn't mean actually getting some is automatically bad.