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T-Mobile Promises Big LTE Boost From 5GHz Wi-Fi Frequencies (arstechnica.com)

"T-Mobile USA is ready to deploy a new LTE technology over the same 5GHz frequencies used by Wi-Fi following U.S. government approval of the first 'LTE-U' devices," reports Ars Technica. "The Federal Communications Commission today authorized the first LTE-U (LTE for unlicensed spectrum) devices after a controversial process designed to ensure that cellular network use of the 5GHz band won't interfere with Wi-Fi networks." From the report: LTE-U will help T-Mobile achieve its goal of offering gigabit LTE speeds, the carrier said. Verizon Wireless is also planning to use LTE-U. The company said in September that it is "eager to deploy" the technology and developed an equipment testing plan, but it's not clear when a Verizon deployment will happen. Cellular carriers in the US generally hold exclusive licenses to spectrum, while Wi-Fi operates in unlicensed frequencies. Anyone can operate in unlicensed spectrum without an FCC license as long as they use certified radio equipment and comply with power limits and other technical requirements. The plan to bring LTE to unlicensed Wi-Fi spectrum set off an industry fight. LTE-U deployment plans drew opposition in 2015 from cable companies and the Wi-Fi Alliance, an industry group that certifies equipment to make sure it doesn't interfere with other Wi-Fi equipment. Industry groups worked together to develop a "Coexistence Test Plan" to prevent interference, and the Wi-Fi Alliance said it's satisfied with the result even though the new testing is voluntary rather than required by the FCC.

64 comments

  1. We need more unlicensed spectrum by hackwrench · · Score: 3, Interesting

    And we need agreements on protocols for it.

    1. Re:We need more unlicensed spectrum by Solandri · · Score: 2

      The 60 GHz band (57-64 GHz) is open for unlicensed operation. It coincides with the resonance of oxygen gas, which rapidly attenuates any signal so the maximum usable range is about 1 km. That makes it ideal for things like home WiFi use (you can broadcast at higher power without interfering with your neighbors' WiFi at the same frequency), while strongly discouraging companies trying to use it for long-range commercial service like T-Mobile is planning in TFA.

    2. Re: We need more unlicensed spectrum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Akimasa_Hirata/publication/265511037_Acute_ocular_injuries/links/5410fe230cf2d8daaad3defe.pdf

    3. Re:We need more unlicensed spectrum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is less agreed upon protocols and more of a wild west scenario. There was a long struggle to keep things compatible. see this article http://seekingalpha.com/article/3607276-clash-titans-qualcomm-earnings-beyond from a year and a half ago for some background. However, with Trump's new FCC, the writing was on the wall.

  2. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 2

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  3. Re:What is the real deal? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No

  4. Going to be interesting to watch the RC hobbyists by Harlequin80 · · Score: 2

    Lots of RC models use the 5.8ghz spectrum as their video transmitter band. Technically most of the power limits are 25mw, but that power output severely restricts range and is highly effected by objects such as trees. As a result people often run switchable transmitters that are 25/200/600mw and sometimes higher.

    It's one thing to momentarily effect a localised wifi network. Another thing entirely if you are taking out someones phone calls.

  5. Qualcomm of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Letting the carriers pollute 5Ghz unlicensed bands should have been killed. The carriers sit on massive amounts of licensed spectrum and do not deploy with it. Should be a use it or lose it deal. Of course Qualcomm came up with this idea so they could sell more chips.

    Really hoping they do not try deploying in rural areas as most people there depend on WISPs for decent internet and not some crippled carrier "unlimited" data plan.

    1. Re:Qualcomm of course by Z00L00K · · Score: 0

      Don't expect that to happen with the FCC now being under the control of Trump administration. Then it's all about money.

      Back to wired internet at home to ensure a reliable net.

      --
      If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
  6. WHAT FOR? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    so this is a fake, fake 5G system?

    I still want to know WHY? So you can watch an HD movie on your phone for 5 min til you get throttled for the month?
    Latency can't be any better, surely error correction cancels any gains made.

    1. Re:WHAT FOR? by avelyn · · Score: 2

      My thought exactly. It seems kind of pointless to increase speed while increasingly limiting data per month.

  7. They will game the system and destroy home wi-fi by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 3, Insightful
    Unorganized individual home wi-fi owners and users on one size. Mega telecom companies with deep pockets full of government lobbyists, money and politicians on the other side. Both allowed to use the home wi-fi spectrum. You don't have to be Einstein to see what is going to happen.

    There will be so much of interference with home wi-fi people will be forced to use mobile data. Or string cat-5 cables all over their homes to wired ethernet to every room.

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  8. Getting paid for ruining unlicensed spectrum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    They keep the control channel on licensed spectrum, so that nobody can use the technology independently on unlicensed spectrum, but then offload the actual data to the bands used by Wifi, which is a better citizen on that spectrum and will get trampled by the more aggressive LTE-U protocol. Fuck that. The next iteration of the Wifi protocol needs to make sure that it takes precedence over LTE-U.

    1. Re:Getting paid for ruining unlicensed spectrum by guruevi · · Score: 1

      The nice thing about WiFi is that it's chips are easily configured. I know the FCC a few years ago wanted to kill it under pressure of corporate interests, but I have no problem shortening various timings on my OpenWRT box to the point I can drown out pretty much any non-WiFi channel.

      This is indeed a very idiotic plan, this won't work well once the 5GHz band gets sufficiently saturated like the 2.4GHz band is right now. Let them use the 2.4GHz at 100mW or less if they don't want to pay for a license.

      --
      Custom electronics and digital signage for your business: www.evcircuits.com
    2. Re:Getting paid for ruining unlicensed spectrum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This is indeed a very idiotic plan, this won't work well once the 5GHz band gets sufficiently saturated like the 2.4GHz band is right now.

      My neighborhood is already saturated on the 5GHz band since the neighbors upgraded to 802.11ac. Everyone insists on using 80MHz-wide overlapping channels, so almost every channel has some interference, with only one exception. Nobody will touch channel 165, because it's the one solitary 20MHz-narrow channel at the extreme high end of the band (5.825GHz) and nothing overlaps with it. So if I want to avoid interference with the neighbors, channel 165 is my only choice. Lucky for me I only want to transfer at most 1 Mbps because I'm not going to achieve high speed on a 20MHz channel.

    3. Re:Getting paid for ruining unlicensed spectrum by sims+2 · · Score: 1

      I know I can move data at 2MBps on 802.11g I can't imagine single channel 802.11a would be slower unless there is interference on that channel too.

      --
      Minimum threshold fixed. Thanks!
    4. Re:Getting paid for ruining unlicensed spectrum by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      72Mbps maximum on channel 165. Never said I was using all of the available bandwidth.

  9. Re:What is the real deal? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yes, as LTE-U doesn't employ LBT (listen-before-talk). That said, the interference is likely to be of a similar magnitude as another Wi-Fi access point operating on the same channel.

  10. Re:What is the real deal? by ASDFnz · · Score: 4, Informative

    Well.... Probably.

    The 5 GHz band is full of users but WiFi uses a small subset up towards the top and they have 'verified' that these bands will receive minimal interference.

    However, they are going to nuke the rest of the band with high power transmissions so the users of that bandwidth will have no choice but to move up and sit on the same channel as your WiFi.

    It is perfect for T-Moble though, when the interference starts they will be able to show that it isn't their gear that is interfering.

  11. Re:Only promises you can trust by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Informative

    Can you believe that,with all of the problems and difficulties facing the U.S., President Obama spent the day playing golf.

    -- Donald Trump

  12. internet out in the boonies by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I think it would be great to give the spectrum to county governments to give mediocre internet for low population density areas. It should be cheaper than running cables anyway.

  13. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You give them too much credit. With spread spectrum frequency hopping it is not like crosstalk will present a major problem for indoor communications.

  14. Re:What is the real deal? by sexconker · · Score: 1

    Of course it is. 5 GHz WiFi will be more fucked than 2.4 GHz is now.
    Here's what happened. The "W-iFi Alliance" got the ol' wink wink, nudge nudge from telecoms reminding them that as 5 GHz gets taken over, it'll just create demand for new WiFi spectrum, standards, licensing, and products.

  15. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Or string cat-5 cables all over their homes to wired ethernet to every room.

    you say that like it's a bad thing. dump the wifi if it's not essential and use wires. it's better that way.

  16. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 1
    They will find a way to disrupt the indoor communications. They will feign innocence and claim it is all some mistake and misunderstaning and they are going to fix their equipment to correct the problem, but quietly they will pay a few millions in fines without admitting guilt, but make sure most people give up home wi-fi due to frustration.

    Like the banks have ground down the opposition and they happily charge 40$ late fee for being 1 dollar short or 1 day late, without anyone feeling upset.

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
  17. gimme cancer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Wi-Fi at 5Ghz has barely enough range to work indoors. How high will T-mo be cranking up the power output to make 5Ghz work outdoors, and is T-mo Troll-In-Chief Legere ready to get sued by everyone who claims T-mo cell towers cause cancer?

  18. Uh, then why was the analog TV spectrum sold off? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 5, Interesting

    How come they are using the WI-FI band instead of
    the old analog television frequencies they were supposed to use for this very purpose?!

  19. Another new phone? by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    I just had to buy one to get band-12 support. Here comes another new phone.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
    1. Re:Another new phone? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      At least T-Mobile doesn't use Band 41. Fuck Sprint.

    2. Re:Another new phone? by AvitarX · · Score: 2

      Only when you need the speed.

      Since this band has poor penetration it's unlikely to improve overall service until the 50 or so mbps they currently offer feels slow.

      --
      Wow, sent an e-mail as suggested when clicking on "use classic" banner, and got a fast response that addressed my msg
    3. Re:Another new phone? by currently_awake · · Score: 1

      Designed obsolescence works.

    4. Re:Another new phone? by guppysap13 · · Score: 1

      I bought a Moto G after seeing initial specs with band 12 support, but Motorola removed support for it in the US (partly at the insistence of T-Mobile). I've had some issues in the midwest with call+data and am almost positive band 12 support would help. What did you end up buying?

  20. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by SeaFox · · Score: 1

    Unorganized individual home wi-fi owners and users on one size. Mega telecom companies with deep pockets full of government lobbyists, money and politicians on the other side. Both allowed to use the home wi-fi spectrum. You don't have to be Einstein to see what is going to happen.

    So you don't think the FCC should side with the telecom companies carrying people's emergency calls vs. the home users posting shit on Facebook?

  21. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by currently_awake · · Score: 3, Insightful

    This plan looks to have 2 huge benefits: 1-Wiping out Wifi competition. 2-Not having to pay for a spectrum license.

  22. Re:What is the real deal? by sims+2 · · Score: 1

    So what are we getting to replace it then? I haven't seen any consumer gear that used anything other than 5ghz or 2.4ghz.

    --
    Minimum threshold fixed. Thanks!
  23. Smells fishy by Brianwa · · Score: 1

    These articles are light in details and anything involving LTE is mostly incomprehensible to those of us who aren't in the industry. However I did find one report that makes it look like they will be transmitting at 46dBm -- 40 watts -- in the "underutilized" 5GHz band. Such high power levels feel incompatible with the claim of coexistence and more like a move to drown out unlicensed WISPs.

    Also, LTE-U seems to be designed to function only if the operator also owns a licensed LTE control channel. If this technology is actually capable of coexisting with ISM devices, why not open it up for everyone?

    1. Re:Smells fishy by DewDude · · Score: 1

      I believe the 46dBm is for the LTE Control channel base; speaking of which...the one document seems to deal solely with SDL (supplemental downlink) version of LTE-U. The unlicensed stuff is limited to 30dBm (1 watt) or 24dBm (250mw)

    2. Re:Smells fishy by ezdiy · · Score: 1

      > why not open it up for everyone?
      Because it would be much worse than wifi then. LTE is fast because it is very, very coordinated, down to client station level. That can be accomplished only by strict regulation, basically government says that you can run only specific protocol on a given band.

      The document linked brags about how LTE-U is better than wifi. Of course it is, because it uses separate (licensed) band for cooperative signalling, whereas WiFi (or LTE completely in unlicensed band as you say) is merely ad-hoc collision resolution, as full coordination is not feasible in unregulated band. They're comparing ethernet switch to ethernet hub, however only hubs are unlicensed.

      The deleterious effect for WISPs is obvious - big mobile telcos with LTE main bands will leech off bandwidth from wisp market, further monopolizing the last mile. While the technogy [b]is superior[/b] compared to wifi technologically, the inherent concentration of it in hands of monopolies is not, market-wise.

    3. Re:Smells fishy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      LTE is fast because it uses spectrum much more efficiently than wifi and does a much better job of using multipath to its benefit.

      LTE equipment is also available to WISPs, and the new CBRS rules in 3.65 will greatly benefit small players once they fully come online.

    4. Re:Smells fishy by EmagGeek · · Score: 1

      Point to Multipoint transmitters in unlicensed ISM bands are limited to 36dBm EIRP. Point to Point transmitters in those bands are limited to 48dBm EIRP.

    5. Re:Smells fishy by Brianwa · · Score: 1

      I'm absolutely willing to believe that I'm misinterpreting those tables. On second look is lists "Macro Tx power" as 46dBm and "eNB Tx power" as 24-30dBm. Without knowing the lingo it's hard to say but that could mean that the 5GHz stuff is limited to a more reasonable power level.

  24. Re: They will game the system and destroy home wi- by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You don't need 5g for that.

  25. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No, not even a little. In fact I think they're doing their job dangerous wrong if they do. There are many options where telecom and home uses are not in opposition, and it's specifically the purpose of the FCC to work out those types of arrangements, ensuring that commercial, industrial, governmental and individual uses can coexist with significant interference in a shared radio environment.

  26. Re:Only promises you can trust by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yeah like there is not a rape in the US every minute. but yeah look Muslim in Sweden. The crime rate in Chicago is about 10 time higher than in Sweden, but I suppose that this because of all the Muslim and refugees you have there.

  27. Re:What is the real deal? by sexconker · · Score: 1

    Like I said. New spectrum allocation, new standards, new logos and licensing, and new products.
    802.11fu probably.

  28. Re:What is the real deal? by Z00L00K · · Score: 1

    And for those that have outdoor WiFi links in the band it may be killing those links.

    --
    If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
  29. Re:What is the real deal? by Z00L00K · · Score: 1

    Yep, 802.11fu is definitely going to be the killer solution.

    --
    If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
  30. Re:Uh, then why was the analog TV spectrum sold of by Z00L00K · · Score: 1

    The analog TV bands are not very suitable for high capacity demands. Most of those bands are already being claimed for other purposes as well. And digital TV still chews up quite a bit of those bands.

    Lower frequencies also means bulkier antennas on the mobile devices - or less efficient antennas. So there's no real point in trying to reach for those bands.

    Also see this allocation chart, even though it's a bit dated it's still interesting. It seems to have a segment between 11.7 and 12.2 GHz that is planned for Mobile use.

    --
    If builders built buildings the way programmers wrote programs, then the first woodpecker would destroy civilization.
  31. T Mobile is having a nightmare by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I don't even find the 5 Ghz that great for Wifi. many solid materials negatively affect the signal which in turn reduces speed. Unless T Mobile plans to install a boat load of towers I don't see this working well in the cities. I also could see some form of interference between the Wifi band and the new cellular one. Even if you can put on paper that they won't affect each other. We know that the electronics in some devices can be of poor quality and rejection these signals may not happen as well as planned.

  32. Re:What is the real deal? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Home internet slow? Try T-Mobile!

    LOL

  33. Re:They will game the system and destroy home wi-f by DigiShaman · · Score: 1

    Maybe, depends on amplitude of the blowtorching towers; keeping in mind inverse square law. In addition, 5Ghz (and higher frequencies) don't penetrate solid objects nearly as well as 2.4Ghz and below. Yet paradoxically 5Ghz is better in a home/office environment over 2.4Ghz because the SNR is much better from lack surrounding interference.

    --
    Life is not for the lazy.
  34. Re:What is the real deal? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There is the option of fighting back. Use 5GHz wifi so much that it ruins telecom.

  35. Re: They will game the system and destroy home wi- by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I recently redid all the low voltage in my house with cat6 and quad shielded rg6, 48 Ethernet drops 17 for phone(pots/voip) and 23 rg6

    Wired is just fine by me.

  36. Re:Only promises you can trust by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Why are the Democrats importing Muslim rapists instead of helping real Muslim (and Christian!) refugees, mostly women and children?
    Regarding rape "happening anyway", it's a question of numbers: consider, some Jews were dying even before Hitler started gassing them systematically.
    Why are we now letting in these Muslim rapists? Why is it that 95% of all the "rapefugees" are single men trained in firearms and rape? Where are the women/children?

    Oh, do you really think Chicago is America?
    1) Chicago is a Democrat party shithole: they turned it into their own private plantation where they farm welfare minorities. In Shitcago, a black mother gets more money through welfare if her partner is in jail, vs if they both work full time! It's criminal what Democrats did there.
    2) Chicago is where Obama is from. Enough said
    3) Number one sanctuary city. Number one gun control city. Number one Democrat city.

  37. It doesn't like going through walls though by Sycraft-fu · · Score: 1

    Or anything solid really. If you have line-of-sight it works pretty well but get anything in the way, and you can have serious issues. I tried it for wireless HDMI and it wasn't able to maintain a solid signal over about 25 feet because there was an interior wall in between the transmitter and receiver.

  38. Re:What is the real deal? by Agripa · · Score: 1

    Yes, as LTE-U doesn't employ LBT (listen-before-talk). That said, the interference is likely to be of a similar magnitude as another Wi-Fi access point operating on the same channel.

    Just like the Motorola Canopy systems which completely trash the channels they operate on?

    Some ISPs deployed Canopy just to block WISPs which became amusing when some WISPs deployed Ubiquiti Airmax systems which blocked Canopy.