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Internet Archive Adds Early Macintosh OS and App Emulators (macstories.net)

An anonymous reader writes: The Internet Archive has added a curated collection of Mac operating system and software emulators from 1984 through 1989. The Internet Archive already hosts browser-based emulators of early video games and other operating systems, but this is its first foray into Mac software. The collection includes classic applications like MacPaint, programming tools such as MacBasic, and many games including Dark Castle. Each app can be run in an in-browser emulator and is accompanied by an article that chronicles its history. It's fun to play with the apps in the collection and realize just how far apps have come since the earliest days of the Mac. It's also remarkable how many computing conventions used today were introduced during those earliest days.

66 comments

  1. Not all that remarkable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    It's also remarkable how many computing conventions used today were introduced during those earliest days.

    What would be remarkable is if people actually acknowledged that most of those conventions existed well before the Macintosh. Instead, what we'll most likely get are a lot comments from clueless Mac fanboys who think Apple invented everything in the computer except the electricity.

    1. Re:Not all that remarkable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Silence, infidel! The Cult of Jobs will end you!

    2. Re:Not all that remarkable by hackel · · Score: 1

      lol, just look how quickly you were downvoted by the fanboys! Even on Slashdot. It's pretty shameful.

    3. Re:Not all that remarkable by unixisc · · Score: 1

      It's also remarkable how many computing conventions used today were introduced during those earliest days.

      What would be remarkable is if people actually acknowledged that most of those conventions existed well before the Macintosh. Instead, what we'll most likely get are a lot comments from clueless Mac fanboys who think Apple invented everything in the computer except the electricity.

      Maybe the Internet Archive could address this by including emulators for computers dating back to the ENIAC

    4. Re:Not all that remarkable by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Existed, yes. In widespread use, no.

      Sure, there were other OSes before it, but the Mac hardly used any of that existing stuff. There was no kernel, no scheduler, no file permissions. There was no command line, no virtual memory, no network stack.

      People like to say Apple "stole" the GUI from Xerox, but they didn't get any code from Xerox. They had to write the Toolbox from scratch, and Apple invented a lot of things along the way.

      Read Steven Levy's Insanely Great if you want a portrait of just how revolutionary the Mac was. I didn't see it at the time, but in retrospect it's very obvious that, while there were prior existing graphical interfaces, the Mac really paved the way for every GUI sold since.

  2. Classic Mac stuff... by __aaclcg7560 · · Score: 1

    Do they have "Bill Gates Does Windows" screensaver?

    https://i.ytimg.com/vi/bPgIIpdpobk/hqdefault.jpg

  3. A fascinating look by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Where would we be without Jobs and the Woz. Damn, two geniuses who taught the world how to walk. And later, to run. RIP

    1. Re:A fascinating look by andrewa · · Score: 2

      I'm pretty sure that the Woz is still alive, and actively posting to /. Mr. TheWoz, can you confirm????

      --
      :(){ :|:& };:
  4. So JavaScript can emulate a 68000 in realtime? by gnasher719 · · Score: 1

    To run this in a browser, there are two possibilities: The code for MacPaint for example runs on the server, or it runs on the client, with a JavaScript application emulating the original assembly code. I suppose it's possible; you probably have a microsecond on average to emulate each instruction.

    1. Re:So JavaScript can emulate a 68000 in realtime? by hackel · · Score: 2

      Hopefully they're using webassembly, but even without it, I'm sure JS could handle it pretty easily on a modern machine. 68k is basically like a pocket calculator compared to modern CPUs.

    2. Re:So JavaScript can emulate a 68000 in realtime? by ledow · · Score: 3, Informative

      Its runs in the client browser.

      This isn't anything new, to be honest. You can get DOSBox, Amiga, etc. in a browser and all sorts.

      https://js-dos.com/
      http://scriptedamigaemulator.n...

      A 68000 isn't that special in these terms,

    3. Re:So JavaScript can emulate a 68000 in realtime? by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      In its speed: yes.
      In its opcode design/architecture? No!

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
  5. apple is very protective.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    i expect this to get shut down real fast.. even non-apple mac stuff, apple can get taken down easily, or not so easily (for you.. it's all easy for them). early macs used a proprietary rom.. that rom was copyrighted. the earliest of the 'mac clones' remember, actually used genuine apple motherboards (often stripped out of new macs) because of this. implementations of that rom that aren't done by apple or with apple's blessing, infringe... corporate copyright lengths definitely not expired... so, bye bye. pay the lawyers on the way out.

  6. Niggers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    will steal anything.

  7. All mac users are fellationists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Macs suck ass, mac users suck cocks.

  8. Can I see old PICT files again? by methano · · Score: 2

    It will be interesting to see if I can open some of those .pict files I have lying around that don't seem to open on anything anymore.

    And what's with the AC's bashing of Jobs and Woz. 2 of the first 4 posts are whining about Apple worship before anything goes up. If you're gonna whine, be a man (or a woman, or something) and get an account, so we can see who you really are. Or, at least, some reasonable facsimile.

    1. Re:Can I see old PICT files again? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Deluxe Paint II under DOSbox/DOSemu will open them. Then you can do a screen cap and paste it into another program.

    2. Re:Can I see old PICT files again? by ledow · · Score: 1

      Tried Irfanview with its plugins?

      http://www.irfanview.com/main_...

      (Says it needs Quicktime, but if you're that desperate to open them, it shouldn't be a burden, and certainly easier than trying to load them in an emulator in a browser and somehow convert them).

    3. Re:Can I see old PICT files again? by namgge · · Score: 1

      The standard Preview.app in the current macOS 10.12.4 opens and displays .pict files just fine.

    4. Re:Can I see old PICT files again? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Think GraphicConverter still supports PICT (you need a mac, though)

      https://www.lemkesoft.de/en/products/graphicconverter/key-features/import-and-export-formats/

    5. Re:Can I see old PICT files again? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > The standard Preview.app in the current macOS 10.12.4 opens and displays .pict files just fine.

      Caveat: you may have to launch Preview.app in 32-bit mode.

  9. Of course by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Jason Scott exploiting others' hard work for his personal glory yet again.

  10. This really makes me nastolgic by dfn5 · · Score: 2

    This takes me back to the time of my Mac 512 and the book Basic Computer Games. This was a better time for computing.

    --
    -- Thou hast strayed far from the path of the Avatar.
  11. Remarkable how much worse off we are today! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The remarkable thing about this older software is just how much more usable and sensible the UIs were then compared to the awful "modern" UIs we have to deal with today.

    Just look at the SimpleText editor that was commonly used on Macintoshes back in the day. Now compare it to a "modern" text editor UI, like that of GNOME 3's Gedit. It's like night and day! The "ancient" text editor has a clean, sensible, intuitive and usable UI. The "modern" text editor is a dirty, jumbled, messy and impractical UI.

    It's not just text editors that are affected, of course. Web browsers today have UIs that are worse than the early Mosaic and Netscape Navigator UIs. The entire desktop environment is much worse today. GNOME 3 is awful in comparison even to the early Mac desktop environment.

    We've had 20 to 30 years to improve on the early desktop concepts that the Mac introduced to the public at large. And we actually were making really good progress, up until about 2007 or 2008. Then it all went to hell. Some people will blame it on mobile devices, and some people will blame it on Millennials/hipsters. Realistically, it's probably some of both: Millennial "user interface designers" trying to force mobile UIs in places where they just don't work.

    The cause probably doesn't matter much, though. The end result is that here we are, almost half way through 2017, and the UIs we use today are worse than what we had in 1987.

    1. Re:Remarkable how much worse off we are today! by olsmeister · · Score: 5, Interesting

      The real cause of the decline of software and user interfaces in particular is actually the pressure to continually release new versions and propel the continual upgrade cycle. A fully mature, bug-free, usable piece of software that does everything its users want it to do flawlessly is a very unprofitable piece of software because people will buy it once and use it forever without ever upgrading it. The answer is to keep adding useless features and revise and clutter up the UI with more and more crap to create the illusion that people are making productivity leaps by plunking down money on new versions, when in reality they are simply treading water or even going backwards as it becomes more difficult to do simple tasks that were once trivial and impossible to figure out how to do new things due to the overwhelming number of baubles and options.

    2. Re:Remarkable how much worse off we are today! by ChrisC1234 · · Score: 2

      Web browsers today have UIs that are worse than the early Mosaic and Netscape Navigator UIs.

      That may be true, but having a web browser crash today is a rare occurrence. I'll take the cluttered UI over the numerous daily browser crashes from the old browsers.

    3. Re:Remarkable how much worse off we are today! by iampiti · · Score: 1

      It's the freaking insistence of using mobile UIs on desktops. They just don't belong there but the designers (or someone else, I don't care) keep pushing them.
      I just want sensible interfaces back.

  12. ARDI by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    As soon as I saw the title, I was reminded of ARDI Abacus Research and Development (maker of the only romless Macintosh emulator for the PC.)

  13. Cue Apple Lawsuit... by LVSlushdat · · Score: 1

    Cue Apple Lawsuit in 3.. 2.. 1.. Gotta keep those liars err lawyers in work, doncha know??

    --
    THANK YOU, Edward Snowden!! Americans owe you a debt of gratitude (whether they know it or not..)
    1. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by OrangeTide · · Score: 2

      Somehow archive.org gets away with a lot of stuff that most lawyers would tell you to stay far away from. I wish I understood their secret, possibly of a magical nature.

      That said, IA is the most important library of its kind. And humanity is enriched by its continued existence. When IA gets shut down, we'll all lose history and culture that cannot be easily replaced.

      --
      “Common sense is not so common.” — Voltaire
    2. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by ledow · · Score: 1

      A library might be allowed to preserve stuff, but giving away free copies of in-copyright works to every visitor is a bit different. Wikipedia says "120 years after creation or 95 years after publication" for works under corporate authorship.

      This includes at least the Apple Mac ROMs (you see them load when you start the programs), as well the advertised software itself, which they're going to have to contest need to be given away to all and sundry who visit as part of ... what? Fair use?

      There's a point at which IA will have overstepped the mark. Maybe it's now, with Apple, but at some point it's going to come back to bite them.

    3. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      I wish I understood their secret

      They're like a library. When it is non-profit and not in any way involved in competing with anything commercial, then its uses are inherently more fair.

      Lawyers often tell people to "stay away" from things that are allowed, but would be expensive to defend. This is generally because they are things that are optional. But for an archive, they wouldn't tell them that. The same lawyer would tell them that they should stay within the real limits of an archive, and be prepared to defend those actions, because they're core to the purpose of the organization.

    4. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by OrangeTide · · Score: 2

      Copyright is now effectively indefinite. After a few valuable properties slipped into the public domain in the 70's and 80's, they was a big push to make sure that major players don't suffer that again. Now you'll see the copyright get extended every time something important is about to expire. Congress will act quickly to preserve some stupid 100 year old cartoon, yet drag their feet on Medicaid. I suspect you only have to follow the money for the answers to that one.

      --
      “Common sense is not so common.” — Voltaire
    5. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by OrangeTide · · Score: 2

      They're like a library. When it is non-profit and not in any way involved in competing with anything commercial, then its uses are inherently more fair.

      Teenagers pirating movies to watch at home for personal use is not-for-profit. Given that teenagers are broke they probably aren't competing with anything commercial as the alternative might to be find something else that is zero cost. And while I believe it is fair and reasonable to pay to see movies, I do firmly believe if piracy was impossible that people would see fewer movies.

      Lawyers often tell people to "stay away" from things that are allowed, but would be expensive to defend.

      This is the best answer I've heard. Thank you!

      --
      “Common sense is not so common.” — Voltaire
    6. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by gnasher719 · · Score: 1

      Cue Apple Lawsuit in 3.. 2.. 1.. Gotta keep those liars err lawyers in work, doncha know??

      Idiot. All MacOS updates up to 7.5.3 where freely available for download.

    7. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by WheezyJoe · · Score: 1

      Cue Apple Lawsuit in 3.. 2.. 1.. Gotta keep those liars err lawyers in work, doncha know??

      Idiot. All MacOS updates up to 7.5.3 where freely available for download.

      Not so fast, cowboy. It's the "right" in copyright, which means Apple has the "right" to give it away for free for a day, a week, whatever, and also the "right" to stop and lock it away again if they want to. Anyway, the real jewel in the old Macs is the code in the ROMs. Mac and even Apple // emulators available on the web still wink-wink that you need to own your own old machine to legally have a "right" to the ROM code (that you can nonetheless find in bin form on the web) crucial to getting old Mac software to run.

      Anyway, as with most cool stuff that archive.net puts up, DMCA says it can stay there until someone with the rights sends a takedown notice, afterwhich it will disappear because archive.net doesn't want the kind of hell that DMCA permits if you give the finger to a takedown notice.

      So, enjoy it while it lasts. Dark Castle is a real favorite of mine - crazy good what they could do with an 8 MHz 68000, 1MB RAM, a little sound hardware, and a small monochrome screen.

      --
      Take it easy, Charlie, I've got an Angle...
    8. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by angel'o'sphere · · Score: 1

      If I give away my own ROMs to archive.org, and they make sure only one person at the time is using it, they are basically on safe ground.

      The right to load a program into a computer ... cough cough ... emulator ... remains to the owner of the software, which is in this case archive.org.

      That it is displayed via the internet is of no consequences at all.

      --
      Cost free eBook I read (by iBook/Kobo/Amazon/ObookO/Gutenberg etc.): "The Green Odyssey" by Philip Jose Farmer.
    9. Re:Cue Apple Lawsuit... by Aighearach · · Score: 1

      Not-for-profit is a formal status that you apply for from the government.

      That's why I talked about non-profits, not something general like "non-commercial uses." Non-commercial uses have more fair uses than commercial uses, but actual real-life, registered non-profits are also known as "charities" and receive substantial deference in these types of matters. They are presumed to be acting in the public interest. When they're also an archive, which is a type of library, they basically have the maximum possible deference for fair use.

  14. Michael Steil... by tlambert · · Score: 1

    Michael Steil... is that you?

    LOL!

  15. Risk for MacOS by nerdonamotorcycle · · Score: 2

    There used to be a great version of the board game Risk for MacOS that I used to play in the '80s on a friend's Mac. I found a copy of it around 2000, but, it wouldn't run on OS 9 on my girlfriend's iMac nor in the Classic emulator on early versions of OSX. Miss that game.

  16. Why? by hackel · · Score: 0

    I mean, it's nice that it's there, but DOS had such a huge impact in comparison to the tiny Apple user base. it seems rather ridiculous that they have done this. Are they just a bunch of Apple fanboys, or trying to piggyback on the fruit's recent popularity and trendiness? It's amazing how quickly people forget what terrible machines they were at the time. There's a reason Apple practically went out of business! Then again, I suspect all the iPhone-loving millennials never even knew in the first place.

    1. Re:Why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It this Apple invented everything mind set.
      I still think apple products are terrible.

    2. Re:Why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I mean, it's nice that it's there, but DOS had such a huge impact in comparison to the tiny Apple user base.

      How true. I remember seeing my first DOS computer and thinking 'Someday, all computers will work this way'.

    3. Re:Why? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Your comment kind of makes it seem like you're unaware that IA already did this for MS-DOS first, and is just now getting around to the also-ran Mac.

    4. Re:Why? by Ol+Olsoc · · Score: 2

      I mean, it's nice that it's there, but DOS had such a huge impact in comparison to the tiny Apple user base. it seems rather ridiculous that they have done this.

      Congratulations on the absolutely most stupid anti-apple screed ever written! You sir, make the anonymous coward's drivel sound like the writings of Einstein by comparison. They did it because they can.

      To use your logic, we shouldn't write about Windows, only Android. It's called history, silly. and as much as it rises your blood pressure, Apple is a pretty important part of computing history.

      Not that you would understand that in the least.

      And We're anxiously waiting for your reply to prove my point. 3....2....1..

      --
      The shepherds did so well protecting the flock that the sheep no longer believed that wolves existed.
  17. In a quest for historic accuracy by chrism238 · · Score: 3, Insightful

    > "....realize just how far apps have come since the earliest days of the Mac" In a question for historical accuracy, the archive should be calling these programs 'applications', not the lazy contraction of 'apps'.

    1. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Except it is historically accurate. "App" was slang for "application" among Mac users at least 25 years ago.

    2. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by chrism238 · · Score: 1

      Not this Mac user, nor colleagues. Slang is not the language of reporting.

    3. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You realize Mac is slang for Macintosh, right? Mac wasn't accepted official terminology until 1997 when System 7 was renamed to Mac OS. And maybe you and your colleagues were a bunch of stuck-up pedants, but I distinctly remember "app" in common usage back then. Nobody had time to say "Macintosh application" when they could say Mac app.

    4. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by ruir · · Score: 1

      Says the honourable AC. I would swear I only started hearing about apps in the last few years, and it surely was not due to lacking Internet exposure since 1993 at least.

    5. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by WDot · · Score: 1

      http://www.osnews.com/story/24... A quick Google shows that "app" in reference to "application" has been around in some form since at least 1981.

    6. Re: In a quest for historic accuracy by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

      I started using Macs in the mid-late 80s and I never heard anyone say "app" until iPhones came along. However OSX used .app as a suffix for applications, so it might've started earlier. Not with me though; I hate those things.

      Usually people just called them programs.

      --
      -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
    7. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Were you a Mac user in 1993? Have you used ResEdit, ever? The type code for an application is APPL as seen in ResEdit. We had a choice, either we could have called them "apples" which makes no sense, or we called them "apps" which is what we did.

      Internet exposure is irrelevant since this is not an issue of Internet culture but Macintosh culture, and I seriously doubt you were using a Macintosh.

    8. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes, but are we talking about one-off prior art for patent/copyright purposes, or are we talking about for actual general usage? Because even if someone somewhere used the word "app" somewhen in 1981, the fact remains that it did not enter common parlance until after 2010 or so.

    9. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ahem... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacApp

      Note the date it was released.

    10. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yep, just realize how far we've come that the default word, (and youngn'z knowledge) is that programs are called Apps. Sad really.

    11. Re:In a quest for historic accuracy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Absolutely. It should have been "...realize just how far APPL have come since the earliest days of the Mac", as the 4 character code (OSType) for applications was 'APPL'.

  18. Re:Macintosh doesn't have apps! by dfm3 · · Score: 2

    Early iterations of MacOS made a distinction between aplications and desk accessories; one notable difference being that only one of the former could be run at a time while the latter included small utilities such as a calculator and stickies that could be run simultaneously. Features that we take for granted such as multithreading, hierarchical file systems with folders, and a command line came later, and have since become ubiquitous. Well, except on iOS which has removed some of that functionality... it's interesting how things have come full circle.

  19. Re: Macintosh doesn't have apps! by cpt+kangarooski · · Score: 1

    The first version of the Macintosh System software had folders, just not folders within folders (due to a file system limitation that was swiftly fixed).

    DAs were kind of like TSRs. But I don't remember stickies being among them until well into System 7, at which point they were ordinary applications.

    --
    -- This and all my posts are in the public domain. I am a lawyer. I am not your lawyer, and this is not legal advice.
  20. clean design by iggymanz · · Score: 2

    I mainly am filled with dismay seeing how bad modern UI have fallen after reaching a state of maturity. Now high IQ morons churn features, adding steps to operation, making commonly used things less accessible. Exhibit A, the chrome menu system...

  21. If you're interested in Mac abandonware... by GPS+Pilot · · Score: 2

    If you're interested in Mac abandonware, Macintosh Garden is for you.

    My favorite is Lunar Rescue which runs in the Mini vMac emulator.

    --
    That that is is that that that that is not is not.
  22. Old stuff by Neuronwelder · · Score: 1

    I still play the old games once in a while on my computer. The incidental music, plot, and goals were fun, even though the visual sites and effects were not as stunning as they are today. So that's one point for them. Whatever OS you use; enjoy it. I have no say in it.

  23. Bring back MacPaint! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Mac is supposed to be the choice for graphics people but it comes with NO bitmap editor! Just something simple, REAL simple. I want to be able to edit in ONE bitplane and to scan in it for that matter. I've got a truly crappy app that I've used with pitiful results. I have a colour jpeg avatar file that's 4KB. Turned out to be a pixel too wide for someplace. Loaded it into the crappy editor, tore off a pixel and save it. Became HUNDREDS of KB! Why? I didn't ask for that.

    Everybody wants to give you more than you want and wants to give it to you in a brain-dead fashion. Spent an hour scanning a booklet yesterday. It only saved _the last_ scan. Turns out I needed to select them all to save them. Why weren't they all selected anyway? Scarcely matters, *I don't have editing software!*

    1. Re:Bring back MacPaint! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I agree that the Mac should probably include an image editor, but there are so many free ones that cover all the possible uses, why would they bother?

      Also: if you are saving a modified JPEG at a lower level of compression (higher quality) of course it's going to be bigger. You're better off saving to a lossless format like PNG and then trying different compression levels of JPEG from there.

      JPEG is an end delivery format, it's very bad for editing!