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Top US General Warns Against Rogue Killer Robots (thehill.com)

Long-time Slashdot reader Zorro quotes The Hill: The second-highest-ranking general in the U.S. military last Tuesday warned lawmakers against equipping the armed forces with autonomous weapons systems... Gen. Paul Selva warned lawmakers that the military should keep "the ethical rules of war in place lest we unleash on humanity a set of robots that we don't know how to control. I don't think it's reasonable for us to put robots in charge of whether or not we take a human life," Selva told the committee.
There's already a Defense Department directive that requires humans in the decision-making process for lethal autonomous weapons systems. But it expires later this year...

37 of 164 comments (clear)

  1. ethical rules of war ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    If war was ethical, only leaders would fight.

    1. Re:ethical rules of war ? by JackieBrown · · Score: 4, Funny

      Then we would have a society ruled by only those capable of fighting.

      I know the Klingon rules of ascension sound great on paper...

    2. Re:ethical rules of war ? by Opportunist · · Score: 2

      Nah, we'll just shoot whoever wins and then go on with our lives.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
    3. Re:ethical rules of war ? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 4, Interesting

      It wouldn't be people fighting robots, it would be people controlling robots fighting fully autonomous robots possibly. Now, I'm sure people who don't agree with me will never be convinced since dealings with ethics and morals are purely subjective, but my personal feeling is that the taking of a life should only be done by another person. Be it capital punishment or an act of war, a person should always be responsible for taking some action. The idea of automating murder sickens me and I fear that death may be trivialized if it's automated. There should be real consequences to society for killing a person. And having a person involved will weigh on their mind, barring the occasional psychopath. And even if other countries decide they want to automate it away, I don't wish to live in that sort of society. Any action that involves killing a person is a choice of last resort, you should have to be willing to deal with the emotional harm of having a person do it if you decide it's the path that needs to happen.

    4. Re:ethical rules of war ? by knightghost · · Score: 4, Insightful

      To bad reality doesn't support morals. A human controlled robot is simply to slow to win. I think it'll end up with humans defining strategic mission parameters and robots using programmed tactics that are adaptable withing a framework.

  2. Headline should read by nehumanuscrede · · Score: 2

    Top US General concerned about future job security. Worries the human element will soon not be a requirement when it comes to warfare.

    This is a big deal in a country where War and Combat are glorified and have seeped into the facets of everyday life.

    1. Re:Headline should read by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Imagine someone hacking those robots and turning them against your citizens or all humans. Don't you want a way to stop them?
      Don't forget all the recent hacks. Everything is hackable with enough determination and resources. And military robots sure are a very good target.

    2. Re:Headline should read by ranton · · Score: 5, Insightful

      Imagine someone hacking those robots and turning them against your citizens or all humans. Don't you want a way to stop them?
      Don't forget all the recent hacks. Everything is hackable with enough determination and resources. And military robots sure are a very good target.

      Those are very real potential threats, but probably the most real threat is enemy nations having better military technology than us ("us" is relative). The mere existence of nuclear weapons is also an existential threat, but no where near as dangerous as only your enemies having nuclear weapons.

      The military doesn't have the luxury of holding back because of the worry about all the negative consequences of new military technology. If the technology can exist, someone will develop it. The best defense I can think of is developing it yourself so at least you can understand the true dangers and potentially build countermeasures against them.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    3. Re:Headline should read by Nidi62 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      At the very least it is inevitable that we will see autonomous support equipment. When the US first invade Afghanistan, Special Forces troops regularly used mules to move equipment. It's not hard to see a future foot patrol using a multi-legged, load bearing autonomous robot for carrying equipment, supplies, or wounded soldiers. If it is legged it should be able to go over almost any terrain a soldier could go. Autonomous drones for reconnaissance are also extremely likely, again especially in foot patrol/small unit situations.

      And really, once equipment like this is perfected, it should be relatively easy to develop automated targeting technology on the side and mate the two as necessary (necessary being when encountering someone else doing it). As you said do it because someone else can and probably is. With that autonomous load bearing robot I mentioned: build it with a mount for a machine gun and a slot for whatever hardware module contains the autonomous targeting software. There is nothing making you install them unless you absolutely have too. Of course, once you do, you've opened Pandora's box and there's no closing it again.

      --
      The only thing necessary for evil to triumph is for it to be pitted against a slightly greater evil
    4. Re:Headline should read by mysidia · · Score: 2

      The best defense I can think of is developing it yourself so at least you can understand the true dangers and potentially build countermeasures against them.

      How about you stick with "safe limited mock-ups" of the technology and develop countermeasures directly, instead.

    5. Re:Headline should read by mysidia · · Score: 3, Interesting

      And really, once equipment like this is perfected, it should be relatively easy to develop automated targeting technology on the side and mate the two as necessary

      The greatest threat is probably from stolen autonomous equipment getting into the hands of terrorists.

    6. Re:Headline should read by ranton · · Score: 2, Informative

      The greatest threat is probably from stolen autonomous equipment getting into the hands of terrorists.

      No, it really isn't. Without government scare mongering terrorists wouldn't be thought of as much of a threat at all. Your morning commute is more of a danger to you than terrorists.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    7. Re:Headline should read by ranton · · Score: 2

      Are murderbots likely to be the best counter to other murderbots though?

      One would assume not, and rather that a focus on cyber- and electronic-warfare ought be a more prudent defence against others fielding them.

      Which is why you need to develop your own murder bots so you can develop the electronic-warfare techniques to defend against them.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
  3. Meh. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    Our bigger problem at the moment are killer generals (US and elsewhere).

    1. Re:Meh. by Opportunist · · Score: 2

      Shhh... Not so loud, lest you wake Michael Bay and he makes a movie about them.

      --
      We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  4. Inevitable by lazarus · · Score: 4, Insightful

    "Killer robots" are going to be created. As it gets easier and easier to do with off-the-shelf and/or printed components it is inevitable. Once that happens what comes next will be a matter of cyber security and cyber warfare. The "winner" in any war that uses autonomous killing machines as combatants will be the side with the best electronic warfare systems.

    Gen. Paul Selva probably understands that this is currently not his government, and recent administrations either have not gotten the memo or are playing their cards very close to their chest. I suspect he is much more worried about creating efficient killing machines that get co-opted and controlled by his adversaries than some AI going rogue and asserting their position atop Earth's food chain.

    --
    I am not interested in articles about life extension advancements.
    1. Re:Inevitable by drinkypoo · · Score: 4, Interesting

      There already are sentry guns, so we already have killer robots. But note that they are stationary. That limits their potential to do harm. Making mobile killbots is a whole other thing.

      It's highly true that we cannot make a network completely secure and also use it at this time. It's just too complicated. Killbots have to be stupid. If they are autonomous, the only way to "make sure" nobody else is hacking them and using them against you is to have them sever their radio connection after accepting an order, and to not accept any further communications. And lo, the oldest form of killbot is the cruise missile.

      --
      "You're right," Fisheye says. "I should have set it on 'whip' or 'chop.'"
    2. Re:Inevitable by Kjella · · Score: 2

      The US doesn't have any real existential threats (Canada? Mexico? Russian tanks rolling into Alaska?) short of a full WW3 and that kind of total war for survival would play by completely different rules. For every other kind of proxy/support war like against IS etc. efficiency is not really the primary measure of success. The US wants to play the good guys which means that they use great discretion in who, when and where they attack because it's in urban areas, against adversaries in civilian clothing and with extensive use of human shields. The enemy is actively trying to create PR disasters to gather support.

      I think the general is afraid of having to explain "inhuman" decisions that may make military sense, like if there's a sniper up in the hills you can call in the artillery. If there's a sniper on top of a school or hospital, maybe calling in the artillery is a very bad idea. I think there's currently a lot of judgement calls that are very vague and difficult to put into a weapons system and that will also be the case in the future. And that if you're worried about WW3 you build more ICBMs and nuclear subs to launch Armageddon. It doesn't sound like he's against technology and smart weapons, just taking the human out of the equation.

      --
      Live today, because you never know what tomorrow brings
    3. Re:Inevitable by Kiuas · · Score: 2

      Gen. Paul Selva probably understands that this is currently not his government, and recent administrations either have not gotten the memo or are playing their cards very close to their chest. I suspect he is much more worried about creating efficient killing machines that get co-opted and controlled by his adversaries than some AI going rogue and asserting their position atop Earth's food chain.

      Way back a decade ago I used to play a lot of (now unfortunately dead) Source engine mod Dystopia which included both an FPS element and a separate 'game-within-a-game' cyberspace that certain people could access and perform objectives/actions that affected the 'meatspace' AKA the physical world.

      There often were deliberate choke points on the maps that teams tried to maintain control of. Many of them had thermal turrets on them with friend/foe detection that'd automatically waste anything crossing their range in a second. So here's what I did, quite often: wait for a break in the fighting, have a teammate lob a couple of EMP grenades to the other side temporarily disabling the turrets' ability to auto-aim, and then run as fast as I could past everyone with active camouflage (ie. near invisibility) on. By this time the fighting would usually start again but I'd keep going 'til I made it to the turret control terminal, jacked in, waited for the turrets to go back online and the enemy team to take their positions and then flip the friend/foe settings on the turrets turning them against the enemy team. It was fun because you'd actually get credited for the kills the turrets made, so it was a convenient way of slaughtering the entire enemy team in 5 seconds. If this succeeded we'd often steamroll the rest of the match purely on the inertia that this gave us.

      When playing defense on similar objectives I was always super paranoid of this possibility, so unless we had a guy actively camping in cyberspace or someone actually defending the terminal in meatspace, we'd always disable/shoot our own turrets down because of this. The risk of getting them hacked at any point and having the entire team killed without any prior warning was not worth the tactical support that they provided.

      I believe mr. Selva understands this principle. Autonomous killbots may be fine and well if you can just send them by themselves against a group of hostiles, but you do not want, under any conditions, your own troops accompanied by efficient killing machines that can be turned against them by a single skilled enemy combatant.

      --
      "It is the business of the future to be dangerous" -Alfred North Whitehead
  5. Re:Everyone else warns against rogue killer genera by NettiWelho · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Indeed, I'd personally be more worried about how they solve a problem of the people in power being capable of simply ordering the robots to kill everyone and robots not going rogue and following instructions to the letter.

  6. Re:Movies by DNS-and-BIND · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I love the modern idea that works of fiction, specifically written to advance a particular point of view, are somehow indicative of how reality works. It's a movie, it's entertainment.

    --
    Shutting down free speech with violence isn't fighting fascism. It IS fascism!
  7. Re: Prevaling logic suggests... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    If you're a ST:TNG fan, think of the episode "Arsenal of Freedom".

    Autonomous weapons sold to both sides of a planet at war, both populations killed by those weapons, all that was left were the autonomous weapons.

  8. Americans never had considerations to begin with by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    when it comes to killing innocent people (for political gains and self-interest). American young men are willing as ever to enlist to "get some" and to become a "hero" in Afghanistan or wherever. And, as we've seen, they have little consideration for innocent lives.

    Why would they suddenly think putting a gun in the hands of a robot would be a bad idea? A trick to make them seem considerate, I guess.

  9. Re:Movies by NettiWelho · · Score: 3, Insightful

    I love the modern idea that works of fiction, specifically written to advance a particular point of view, are somehow indicative of how reality works. It's a movie, it's entertainment.

    Yeah, in reality the AI wouldn't be a rogue one but being a good little german and following the orders to the letter when it exterminates the starving rioting unemployed serfs.

  10. The Star Wars Solution by mrsquid0 · · Score: 4, Funny

    The solution to the intelligent robot problem may be to do what the robot designers did in the Star Wars universe -- program personality disorders into the intelligent robots.

    --
    Just because you are paranoid does not mean that no-one is out to get you.
    1. Re:The Star Wars Solution by Tablizer · · Score: 2

      [Copy] the Star Wars universe -- program personality disorders into the intelligent robots.

      So Trump is an experimental android. Explains a lot.

      C4PO: "I'm the best droid, believe me; I know 900 foxtillian languages and everyone knows I translate the best. And I can run the Death-Star better than Vader. I know death. That asthmatic toaster is a total loser! He wastes time yanking off with his light-saber; I'd use Yuuuge weapons to wipe out the enemy in mass, let me tell ya, not play with silly little sabers while a big war rages around me. Low-energy Vader thinks small, really small, and has fake hands, so sad. #MEGA!"

  11. Here's what will happen... by Baron_Yam · · Score: 2

    First came the R/C devices used, then the semi-autonomous devices with minimal ability to deviate from a pre-planned route. Then came the more-or-less fully autonomous devices, where you give it a map and a target and a 'go' order. Right now, the machines return video or other data and a human gives the final OK.

    That's fine (for the US and allies) while they're the only ones who can deploy that level of tech in the field, but as everyone else catches up, it'll be the ones that take the humans out of the loop that respond faster and win the engagements. And the US won't sit by and watch as that happens, they'll remove their human oversight.

    The next step will be false flag ops, blaming the enemy's bad software. And, eventually, there will be a bad map update or a malicious instruction and you'll have a drone swarm committing genocide for you.

    This is inevitable, and rather than try and prevent it (which is futile) we ought to be worrying more about counter-strategies. Maybe we need to say that we can't be as free as we'd like to be, and drones have to go - that anything over a certain size (big enough to carry a dangerous payload a significant distance) will be shot down on sight unless it's a registered, transponder-carrying device.

    I can honestly see the day when densely populated areas are protected by automated anti-drone systems. It's just too easy to launch hundreds of moderate-sized devices at an urban center to sow chaos and fear.

    And just wait until the first self-driving car bomb...

  12. Chemical and Biological Weapons by monkeyxpress · · Score: 5, Interesting

    The military doesn't have the luxury of holding back because of the worry about all the negative consequences of new military technology. If the technology can exist, someone will develop it. The best defense I can think of is developing it yourself so at least you can understand the true dangers and potentially build countermeasures against them.

    Yet we use this 'luxury' when it comes to many types of existing weapons. And what choice does humanity have? We are well beyond local tribes with spears and shields. The western minority powers can literally make everybody on the planet extinct if they want. If we must just accept that there is no way to build lasting peace, then we are simply counting down to our own extinction as every generation of smartphone gets better at ordering pizza and looking up trivia.

    The thing that scares me the most about these weapons however, is that it removes the democratic element of war. to fight a war you need a powerful army but also a loyal army. That same mass of armed civilians can turn against a ruler if they lose their populous appeal. This is why countries like north korean must run massive propaganda campaigns, and why much of the key to the rise of fascism was its ability to use new forms of mass media. It is why a free press and education are seen as essential elements in the fight against a repeat of humanity's past atrocities.

    But once you have autonomous armies, you no longer need trained civilians. A government can indeed use that army to control citizens and ensure it remains in power against majority rule. The political implications of this should scare anyone - we have never really had such a threat before. For me this threat from within is far greater than the meaningless risk of open conflict between nuclear armed states.

    1. Re:Chemical and Biological Weapons by ranton · · Score: 2

      Yet we use this 'luxury' [of holding back research] when it comes to many types of existing weapons [such as Chemical and Biological Weapons].

      The important distinction here is that we did develop these weapons. We didn't just try to hold back the technology, we banned its usage on the battlefield. But a large part of our ability to trust in a ban of such weapons is that many nations understand their usage if someone breaks these treaties. If someone started using them, and it gave them a significant edge on the battlefield, other nations could use them in retaliation if necessary. I doubt we would choose to do that but only because we have access to more effective military weapons now.

      We may be able to get the world to a point where autonomous weapons can be banned, but probably only once most developed nations understand the capabilities and limits of these weapons fully. Which probably means after both the development and usage of the weapons on the battlefield.

      But once you have autonomous armies, you no longer need trained civilians. A government can indeed use that army to control citizens and ensure it remains in power against majority rule. The political implications of this should scare anyone - we have never really had such a threat before.

      I completely agree about the magnitude of this threat which is why I want what I consider responsible governments to lead the way in developing the safeguards.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
  13. Re:Movies by Anubis+IV · · Score: 2

    While the notion of a Terminator-sequel, self-aware system like Skynet is still firmly rooted in the realm of science fiction, the idea that we can make an autonomous system designed to kill humans isn't neatly so far-fetched, nor is the idea that some of them may go beyond their expected parameters. They'd be dumb killing machines, little more than a modern, mobile version of mines, but they'd be more than capable of killing people who happened to wander into their path until they ran out of ammo.

    They're unlikely to be existential threats to humanity as a whole unless we give them incredibly lethal payloads and the means to re-equip themselves autonomously, but so long as these dumb machines still depend on us for ammo, we don't need to worry about them learning how to equip themselves otherwise, so the threat will always be limited.

  14. Re:Everyone else warns against rogue killer genera by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    autonomous robots will drastically increase the danger of a rogue general, they'll obey orders no matter what

  15. Re:Everyone else warns against rogue killer genera by Opportunist · · Score: 2

    They also increase the danger of a rogue government.

    --
    We used to have a Bill of Rights. Now, with the rights gone, all we have left is the bill.
  16. Re:no longer need trained civilians by Dareth · · Score: 5, Interesting

    Remember that terminators that can kill people can serve tea as well. The rich and powerful will control these resources and not need that many other people. Every time I read an article on UBI - Universal Basic Income, I think it is more likely to get UBG - Universal Basic Genocide.

    --

    I only look human.
    My mother is a halfling and my dad is an ogre, so that makes me an Ogreling
  17. Not a new problem by vtcodger · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Back in the 1960s, the USAF deployed a Surface to air missile called the Bomarc ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/... ) The thing had a range of around 400km and conceptually, could be used to intercept flights of long range bombers headed toward the US. The problem was that the bomarc could have a nuclear warhead. Fine if you want to take out a squadron of bombers someplace out over the Atlantic. But what if you wanted to call off an intercept for some reason? You can tell an F-106 to return to base. But putting a pilotless missile with a nuclear warhead on RTB was considered to be a non-optimum strategy.

    I'm not sure the usage was ever resolved. Fortunately or not, the threat switched from long range bombers (which we probably could not actually intercept reliably because of jamming) to ICBMs that we could not intercept reliably because we lacked the technology to intercept them.

    The bomarcs were scrapped in the early 1970s.

    --
    You can't see ANYTHING from a car, You've got to get out of the goddamned contraption and walk...Edward Abbey
  18. Re:Everyone else warns against rogue killer genera by number6x · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Land mines can be thought of as fully autonomous robots. Perhaps the simplest case of a 'robot'.

    Very simple predetermined command to follow: 'When your trigger is tripped, execute your explosion sequence.'

    Most nations have banned the use of land mines because of their uncontrolled, autonomous behavior. Once they are set, they stay set and will activate whether tripped by friend or foe.

    They will activate when tripped by the little child playing in the field years after the war is over.

    The problem the General recognizes in fully autonomous killer robots is the same problem encountered when land mines are used. The robots are just a more complex example.

  19. Part of bigger issue [Re:Inevitable] by Tablizer · · Score: 2

    I agree there's a problem: OTHER nations will make them whether we do or not; and therefore we are forced to pursue similar technology to compete and survive.

    Such bots will probably need a relatively simple "kill-switch" mechanism that is independent of the rest of the brain. Thus, if the main brain gets hacked or goes berserk, the independent kill-switch can be contacted to disable the entire thing. Because the kill-switch is (hopefully) a relatively simple mechanism, it's easier to prevent it being hacked. There is a risk the enemy will steal the security codes for the kill-switch, but that's a risk we'll have to accept.

    If you think about it, cars and key infrastructure will probably need the same safeguards regardless of whether war-bots are built, because they can face similar problems. It's part of a bigger problem: stopping highly-complex machines that are out of control.

  20. Re:Everyone else warns against rogue killer genera by iggymanz · · Score: 2

    bullshit, those mines have killed hundreds of rural farmers and maimed thousands. "controlled", ha.

    a war with NK will NOT start by a bunch of NK soldiers marching across the DMZ.