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How NASA Glimpsed The Mysterious Object 'New Horizons' Will Reach In 2019 (popsci.com)

necro81 writes: After its successful flyby of Pluto in July 2015, the New Horizons probe received a mission extension to fly past a Kuiper Belt object -- named 2014 MU69 -- in January 2019. However, we know few details about the object -- its size, shape, albedo, whether it has any companions -- which are crucial for planning the flyby. Based on observations from Hubble, the New Horizons team knew that the object would pass in front of a star -- an occultation -- on July 17th, which could provide some of this data. But the occultation would last for less than a second, would only be visible in Patagonia, and the star itself is quite dim.

NASA set up 24 telescopes near one community to capture the event, and received lots of cooperation from locals: turning off streetlights, shutting down a nearby highway, and setting up trucks as windbreaks. At least five of those telescopes captured the occultation. This was the latest in a series of observations ahead of the flyby.

"We had to go up to farmers' doors and say 'Hi, we're here from NASA, we're wondering if we can set up telescopes in your back pasture?'" one astronomer told Popular Science. "More often than not people were like 'that sounds awesome, sure, we'll help out!'"

39 of 68 comments (clear)

  1. Nibiru by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Most likely.

    1. Re:Nibiru by Maritz · · Score: 1

      Planet X eh? That's old news. It wiped us out in 2001 or something. I can't remember.

      --
      I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
    2. Re: Nibiru by KGIII · · Score: 1

      Why would you think that?

      --
      "So long and thanks for all the fish."
  2. It's creimer's ebooks by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    We tried to put them as far away as possible, but NO, you had to go look for them!

  3. Re:Slashdotters are already familiar with... by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 5, Funny

    ... objects that they can't see but trust are there

    Like their toes?

    --
    #DeleteChrome
  4. good stuff by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    The fact that people rose to the occasion is uplifting in itself.
    Lets hope the data leads to some good observations in 2019!

  5. 2014 MU69 by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    That's my password!

  6. Cool story by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Funny

    Now tell me the one about how cmdrtaco spotted uranus.

  7. Re:Slashdotters are already familiar with... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    I was going to suggest a different appendage.

  8. Old school by Solandri · · Score: 4, Interesting

    "We had to go up to farmers' doors and say 'Hi, we're here from NASA, we're wondering if we can set up telescopes in your back pasture?'" one astronomer told Popular Science. "More often than not people were like 'that sounds awesome, sure, we'll help out!'"

    That's what we used to do back in the old days when you wanted to set up your telescope in some rural area, away from the city lights, for a night's viewing. Ask for and get permission, and maybe have a pleasant conversation with a farmer who thinks what you're doing is really cool.

    Nowadays people just fly their drone over someone's property unannounced, then act like they're the one whose rights were violated when the property owner shoots it down.

  9. Does the title have meaning? by Walter+White · · Score: 1

    Or is it just a jumble of words?

  10. Headline Sense Not Make by pipingguy · · Score: 1, Offtopic

    You need a 'that' in there.

    "How NASA Glimpsed The Mysterious Object THAT 'New Horizons' Will Reach In 2019"

    1. Re:Headline Sense Not Make by pipingguy · · Score: 1, Offtopic

      I think you is right.

    2. Re:Headline Sense Not Make by Maritz · · Score: 1

      Disagree, reads fine without 'that'.

      --
      I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
    3. Re:Headline Sense Not Make by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      If you're able to work out that it needs a "that," then you don't really need the "that."

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    4. Re:Headline Sense Not Make by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      Disagree

      Are you saying you disagree, or telling me to disagree?

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  11. There's good news and bad news by Waffle+Iron · · Score: 5, Funny

    The good news: They got info on the object

    The bad news: It appears to be metallic in composition, and it is almost perfectly spherical except for a large parabolic dish embedded just above the equator.

    1. Re:There's good news and bad news by Szeraax · · Score: 1

      The bad news: Its mass is roughly 1/4th of the moon and its slowing down, sir.

    2. Re:There's good news and bad news by TuringTest · · Score: 2

      Obligatory: Construction Shack by Clifford D. Simak.

      (Read the ending for the most relevant part, or enjoy it from the beginning).

      --
      Singularity: a belief in the "God" idea with the "demiurge" relation inverted.
    3. Re:There's good news and bad news by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 1

      Don't worry, it also has a groove on the equator and we have enough time to develop a proton torpedo.

      --
      sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
    4. Re:There's good news and bad news by Baron_Yam · · Score: 2

      Then it's no Death Star; the trench run was not done in the equatorial trench, but rather a smaller 'north-south' trench.

    5. Re:There's good news and bad news by UnknowingFool · · Score: 3, Funny

      Could be worse. It could transform into a maid.

      --
      Well, there's spam egg sausage and spam, that's not got much spam in it.
    6. Re:There's good news and bad news by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      Yeah, but that schematic also had the dish on the equatorial trench. Fake news!

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  12. Re:Awesome by Applehu+Akbar · · Score: 1

    Tibetans need the jobs more than Hawaiians do anyway.

  13. Citizen Scientists by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    There is actually a decent amount of work available to citizen scientists in this field. If you're at all interested, I suggest going to http://www.lunar-occultations.com/iota/iotandx.htm and reading up on what you need for timing an occultation.

  14. Re:Slashdotters are already familiar with... by Maritz · · Score: 2

    Evidence that contradicts climate change, I suppose. ;)

    Would be great to know what the odds are on New Horizons finding an object like this. Things get very dilute in the outer solar system.

    --
    I do not want your cheap brainburning drugs. They are useless for work. And I am a working man today.
  15. Not enough orbital telescopes by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 4, Interesting

    This just goes to show that there aren't enough orbital telescopes, in enough different orbits. Instead of building more broken-by-design warplanes, we should be designing the next generation Hubble telescope. And no, the Webb telescope isn't a Hubble. Different frequencies. And, and this part is important, we should build eight copies of it, not just one, and send them to the L4 and L5 Lagrange points of the Sun and each of Venus, Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune. (The Venus variant will be somewhat cheaper, 'cause we can skimp on solar panels.) Then we either need big fat radio telescopes at the Earth-Moon L4 and L5 points, with multiple independent large antenna arrays, or we need to perfect laser data transmission in free space at solar system scales. I'm not sure which is smaller, a radio antenna array or the optics required to handle laser communication. I'm guessing the laser, since the frequencies are so much higher. If we have enough telescopes leading or following enough of the planets, we can use them as a network to bounce data around the Sun as necessary.

    Let me be clear. I want so much incoming data that storing it all will prop up the hard drive manufacturing industry for a decade, because storing it all in flash memory would be too expensive. I want so much incoming data that astronomers start having NSA-style problems while looking for interesting things in an ocean of bytes. I want so much incoming data that astronomers start training neural nets as to what constitutes "interesting" and turning them loose on the ocean of bytes, because there isn't enough grad student slave labor to look at it all. I want astronomers to have a reason to hire engineers away from Google, because they have exa-scale data problems to deal with. I want all that and I'm not even an astronomer.

    I just think it would be nice to have a proper map of the solar system we live in.

    1. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by necro81 · · Score: 1

      The reason they went to South America to get this data is that the occultation wasn't visible from anywhere else. (here's the ground track and ephemera.) Otherwise, they could have gotten the data from ground-based telescopes in, say, the United States, or one of the big observatories in the Atacama. An occultation is essentially the same as an eclipse, and those are hardly visible from any ol' place.

      Even if we had a dozen Hubbles out there, one would have had to modify its orbit so that it happened to coincide with the shadow track of this miniscule object at just the right moment. Part of the reason why they set up an array of ground telescopes was they there was enough uncertainty of the size and trajectory of the object they couldn't be sure exactly where on the ground to capture it. Only 5 of 24 telescopes managed to get it. At orbital velocities, your window of opportunity would be even smaller.

      I do agree with your larger point, however: I would love to see a grand fleet of space-based observatories.

    2. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 2

      This just goes to show that there aren't enough orbital telescopes, in enough different orbits.

      Why? Because a few people had to lug a few boxes to Patagonia? I think that was probably a lot cheaper than putting a telescope in orbit.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    3. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 1

      Even if we had a dozen Hubbles out there, one would have had to modify its orbit so that it happened to coincide with the shadow track of this miniscule object at just the right moment.

      No need to meddle with the orbits of any of the space based telescopes. Just pick a different star to use for occultation for each of them. If you already have approximate ephemera, it's easy enough to run the equations eight more times, not just for Earth. You also have a great many more useful choices of source light, since the space based telescopes don't have to contend with being portable (at least not conventionally) or with Earth's atmosphere.

      Depending on where the planets are at the time, you may not actually be able to use all eight telescopes, what with the Sun or their various companion planets getting in the way, but that's why you deploy to both L4 and L5. Even if the L4 telescope can't see because there's a gas giant in the way, L5 should be able to see what you want to look at. With multiple orbital telescopes, you should get multiple opportunities to observe an occultation for each one of them, if you're after an object in our solar system. This is also why Venus is a candidate planet to serve as gravitational anchor; its orbital period is short enough to change its perspective on the solar system quite rapidly compared to the outer gas giants, which should be useful in multiple circumstances.

    4. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 1

      This just goes to show that there aren't enough orbital telescopes, in enough different orbits.

      Why? Because a few people had to lug a few boxes to Patagonia? I think that was probably a lot cheaper than putting a telescope in orbit.

      Because to make a map of the solar system, the process has to be repeated many many times. Current best estimates are that there are around 35,000 Kuiper Belt objects larger than 100km in diameter, and there could be 100 million total objects of detectable size. Lugging boxes to Patagonia helped pin down one of those objects.

    5. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 1

      These budgetary priorities only address the wants of whites and do not address the serious problems facing communities of people of color. Always ask, who benefits? If the answer is "only whites", then it's a bad idea.

      Knowing where all the flying rocks are benefits every living thing on Earth, including voles. You're not prejudiced against voles are you?

    6. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by crunchygranola · · Score: 1

      No need to meddle with the orbits of any of the space based telescopes. Just pick a different star to use for occultation for each of them.

      Because there are lots and lots of occultations available to pick from, and NASA went to Patagonia because it wanted a junket there?

      If it were just a matter of "picking a star" then the occultation could have been observed at any random ground based observatory. In fact even in Patagonia that could not tell which telescope would be in the correct position. The fact that this does not work on Earth should tip you off that your proposal is nonsensical. Being "in space" does not change the occultation odds.

      The disk of 2014 MU69 subtends about E-18 (a million trillionth) of the celestial sphere, which means that even with several billion fairly easy to observe stars in the Milky Way the odds of an occultation at a useful time (before New Horizons does its fly-by) is negligible if you are restricted to a single observing path.

      --
      Second class citizen of the New Gilded Age
    7. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      When is mapping Kuiper Belt objects going to be useful information?

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    8. Re:Not enough orbital telescopes by Areyoukiddingme · · Score: 1

      When is mapping Kuiper Belt objects going to be useful information?

      Immediately. There's a theory that comets are Kuiper Belt objects whose orbits have been disturbed. Even if they're not originally Kuiper Belt objects, cometary orbits often extend will into the Kuiper Belt, and are therefore subject to possibly significant gravitational influence. Knowing a major comet's orbit has changed because of a close flyby with a Kuiper Belt object may be the difference between predicting a collision with Earth 70 years in the future vs 3 days in the future. I think the additional advanced notice could be useful.

  16. Re:Awesome by murdocj · · Score: 1

    They aren't anti-science, they are tired of having people come in and stomp on them. Like the Indians at Standing Rock, they are fighting back now. Deal with it.

  17. Path of occultation by necro81 · · Score: 2
    For those who want the most detail and ephemera, here is the a page with the details of the occultation path:

    http://www.boulder.swri.edu/MU69_occ/july17.html

    (The folks at SWRI are the principle investigators for the New Horizons mission.)

  18. Re:Awesome by armanox · · Score: 1

    That's sorta what I was thinking, that in a lot of South America people are used to 'exchanging favors' with government officials so they are more then happy to work with someone from the government/police/etc; thinking that it will pay off down the line.

    --
    I'm starting to think GNU is the problem with "GNU/Linux" these days.
  19. The title.. can punctuation halp? by kalieaire · · Score: 1

    Is it me, or is the title incredibly hard to read without tearing out your hair?