It's the 40th Anniversary of Radio Shack's TRS-80 (smithsonianmag.com)

An anonymous reader quotes Smithsonsian: It was with minimal expectations that, on August 3, 1977, Tandy Corporation teamed up with Radio Shack to release the TRS-80, one of the first personal computers available to consumer markets. While Don French -- a buyer for the Tandy Radio Shack consumer electronic chain -- had convinced some Tandy executives of the need to release a personal computer, most felt it was unlikely to gross substantial profits. This bulky item with complex operating procedures would never sell, they thought, more than 1,000 units in its first month... As it turned out, the TRS-80 surpassed even the most cautious sales estimates by tenfold within its first month on the market; the burgeoning prospects of a new era in personal electronics and computing could no longer be denied.
It had no hard drive and four kilobytes of memory, according to the article. Radio Shack's $600 PC was preceded by the MITS Altair, as well as PCs from both Apple and IBM, but "the TRS-80 was one of the first products that came fully assembled and ready to use, bridging the gap in accessibility between hobbyists -- who took interest in the actual building of the computer -- and the average American consumer, who wanted to know what this new, cutting-edge technology had in store for them."

Does this bring back any memories for anyone?

Comments

10 PRINT "FIRST POST"

[Anonymous Coward]

20 GOTO 10

Re:10 PRINT "FIRST POST"

[Zero__Kelvin]

The target market was people who didn't even have access to real computers back then, as the summary states. Those who did referred to it as the TRaSh-80. Almost nobody programmed it in assembly. It had a BASIC interpreter in ROM, which is what you were in when you powered it on. People know how to program in assembly today. BASICally, you just got snide acting superior when you clearly lack even a passing knowledge of the subject matter. Good Job!

Re:10 PRINT "FIRST POST"

[BarbaraHudson]

You seem to be unaware that you could poke assembler code into ram and then run it. BASIC was just a step in what turned out to be a long long journey.

Re:10 PRINT "FIRST POST"

[The Optimizer]

Nope, he's describing the LDIR instruction, which was useful for block copying or filling memory.

See: http://z80-heaven.wikidot.com/... for more details

And Initially, programs storage was achieved via saving and loading to/from cassette tap. The use of floppy disks was only enabled later via the Expansion Interface, which needed the Level 2 ROMs (which included a version of Microsoft Basic, not the Tiny BASIC that the Level 1 models had).

I think you're the one doing the babbling.

Remember when even Superman used a TRS-80?

[elrous0]

He and a couple of whiz kids saved Metropolis with it!

Re:Preceeded by IBM?

[PolygamousRanchKid]

What microcomputer had IBM released before August 1977? The Apple II beat the TRS-80 by a few months, but I thought IBM didn't get into the microcomputer market until four years later.

There you are: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

A friend had one... Good for its time.

[pubwvj]

The TRS-80 wasn't my first computer but a friend had one which I used. It was a good intro to concepts for it's time.

The first 'personal' computer I used was a KIM-1 which was a motherboard with a hex keypad and hex LED output. So the TRS-80 was a huge step up from that.

My second computer was the Apple I at school which was very barebones but again a step up from the KIM-1.

I bought a Z-80 based Exidy Sorcerer which came with minimal memory that I boosted by piggy backing the additional memory chips literally on the backs of the built in memory and doing a little soldered wire wrapping to reroute a few signals.

But the first computer I used was a mainframe at UNH at Keene, NH. That was punch cards. So all of the above were huge steps up from that. Mostly because of time. With the university mainframe one only got a little bit of time to use the system. With a home computer one is able to really work with it, mod it and learn.

So while many people diss the TRS-80, calling it the Trash-80, they are missing the point. For it's time it was a good intro to computing.

Re:Preceeded by IBM?

[Nutria]

According to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_5100, that is classified as a "Professional Computer" (probably because the cost was "From $8,975 to $19,975"). And the processor was "an entire circuit board containing 13 square metal-can bipolar gate arrays, 3 conventional DIP transistor-transistor logic (TTL) parts and 1 round metal can part."

Thus, no, it was in no way, shape or form a personal computer.

I had two of them!

[sbaker]

I had two of them (both "model 2") with floating point BASIC and more memory. I did the popular "lowercase conversion" to both of them - the standard model ONLY HAD UPPERCASE. Amazingly, all you needed to do was add an addtional RAM chip to store the extra bit in the frame buffer and everything else "just worked"! The OS and the character generator ROM were all compatible with that! This strongly suggests that Tandy had originally intended it to have lowercase support - but decided to "cheap out" and save the cost of that extra RAM chip.

I built a wire-wrapped floppy disk controller (5" drive) and adding an external ROM with code to read and write files from disk.

I desperately wanted to port CP/M on to the TRS-80 but the way the boot ROM was placed in the address space made that impossible.

I wrote a couple of machine-code games for it - and sold maybe 100 copies of one of them (a side-scrolling space shooter)...which seemed like a lot at the time! Sadly, mass-producing tapes using a standard audio tape drive was kinda flaky and I ended up sending out replacement tapes to a lot of customers which meant I didn't make as much profit as I hoped.

It wasn't a *great* machine. The Apple ][ was better - but it was what I had, and I loved it.

Re:No, that was the Commodore PET

[Anonymous Coward]

Actually Ohio Scientific was the first to license Microsoft floating point BASIC in ROM, written for early (pre-June 1976) 6502s that didn't include working right bit shift instructions ROR

Still have my TRS-80

[cheryltisland]

I still have mine in the original box with the original price sticker. I bought it with my babysitting money in 1981 when I was 11 years old. I hung out at Radio Shack often back then and put it on layaway until I paid it off and brought it home in 1982. I hooked it to my small black and white tv and my cassette player and started learning BASIC. Went on to become a software engineer and general geek for about a 30 year career. I have never been able to part with it.

Re: Mine had 16k

[kenh]

later upgraded it to 48k (the max, 16k was used by the display)

No, it wasn't.

The base Model I supported 16 Kilobytes it the main unit, another 32 Kilobytes could be added to the Expansion Base.

The video display in the TRS-80 was character-based, and displaying 16 lines of 64 characters did not occupy 16 Kilobytes - the base model only had 4 Kilobytes.

Re:Preceeded by IBM?

[sjames]

It's a matter of terminology. Technically it was a personal computer since it wasn't a timeshare or batch system. It was certainly NOT a home computer, which is what most people think of when they hear personal computer.

Re:One of the "1977 Trinity"

[itsdapead]

So what did Apple do right (haters need not comment here)? Or What did Commodore and Radio Shack do wrong?

Yes, it's really more of a rhetorical question.

As well as the expandability mentioned by others, Apple had far better graphics than the TRS-80 (huge blocky 2x3 character-based things for pseudo-pixel-based graphics) or the PET (no pixel-based graphics, just the distant ancestors of emoji...) ISTR they also got a boost from being the original platform for Visicalc the first successful spreadsheet (I'm sure it had antecedents) and probably the first truly "new" application of the microcomputer age.

However, Apple may have been the market leader (at least in the US), but Commodore, Radio Shack, the numerous CP/M-based small business systems and many others had a sustained run of success - and Apple can't claim responsibility for their demise.

Commodore did better in Europe/UK (where Apple charged silly prices), SInclair, Acorn, Commodore and Amstrad dominated in the UK. There was a bit of a shake-up in the early 80s which killed off most of the also-rans, but the big 3 got though that. Then the IBM PC Clones arrived at home/small business/hobbyist prices (I don't think IBM alone would have got that far - remember the PCJr?) and squashed everything... and would probably have squashed Apple if that young lady hadn't burst into the auditorium and thrown her hammer at the screen.

The Mac, or maybe even just that ad, is probably the only reason we're not saying "Anybody remember Apple? What happened to them?" today is the Mac, and maybe even more specifically that famous 1984 advert.