Slashdot Mirror


Should British Hacker Lauri Love Be Tried In America? (theguardian.com)

A 31-year-old autistic man in the U.K. is suspected of hacking U.S. government computer systems in 2013 -- and he has one final chance to appeal his extradition. An anonymous reader quotes the Guardian Even if Love is guilty, however, there are important legal and moral questions about whether he should be extradited to the US -- a nation that has prosecuted hackers with unrivalled severity, and one where Love could be sentenced to spend the rest of his life in prison... His remaining hope for mercy is a final appeal against extradition in the high court in November. Love's hope is for a full and fair trial in Britain.

Even if he is found guilty in a British court of the most serious crimes in the US government's indictment, his legal team estimate that he faces just a few months in prison. Failure means Love will be flown to a holding facility in New York, placed on suicide watch and probably forced to take antidepressants, prior to a trial. If he refuses to accept a plea deal and is convicted, he will face $9m (£6.8m) in fines and, experts estimate, a prison term of up to 99 years, a punishment illustrative of the US's aggressive sentencing against hackers under the controversial Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.

Naomi Colvin, from the human rights group the Courage Foundation, tells the Guardian that "Lauri's case is critically important in determining the reach of America's unusually harsh punitive sanctions for computer crimes."

32 of 254 comments (clear)

  1. Of course not by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    No-one should ever be extradited to some shithole they never set foot in. If he broke Britsh law, let him be tried in the UK by an applicable court. If the Americans claim he violated US law, give them a lecture about jurisdiction and be done with it.

    1. Re:Of course not by Hognoxious · · Score: 3, Insightful

      The UK government has been handing people over with no questions asked for as long as I can remember, whereas it's all but impossible the other way round because of the constitution and how judges interpret it.

      Sod the merits of the individual case, he shouldn't be extradited unless and until it works both ways.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    2. Re:Of course not by PopeRatzo · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Sod the merits of the individual case, he shouldn't be extradited unless and until it works both ways.

      And it does work both ways, but unevenly, I admit. Maybe the discrepancy has something to do with the US being a more victim-rich environment.

      I have no problem with criminals who have committed extraterritorial crimes being extradited. The Internet is not some magical place where laws should not exist. If you're in Dallas and you hack into a server in England and commit crimes, then the question becomes, "where did the crime take place?"

      Unless you want to see hackers who commit extraterritorial crimes tried in the Hague, and I bet you don't, there's going to have to be a discussion about how and where crimes like this are handled.

      --
      You are welcome on my lawn.
    3. Re:Of course not by Trickster+Paean · · Score: 5, Informative

      It is not all but impossible. In the last extradition review, conducted by a panel headed by Sir Scott Baker, they found the following:
      That the US made 130 extradition requests to the UK.
      That the UK refused 10 of those requests.
      That the UK submitted 54 extradition requests to the US.
      The US refused none of them.
      Of the 120 requests accepted by the UK, 77 were extradited. The rest were either pending in the UK legal system, the person voluntarily went to the US, or the case became moot for other reasons.
      Of the 54 requests accepted by the US, 38 were extradited. The rest either voluntarily went to the UK or the case became moot for other reasons.

      You'll note that none of the UK extradition requests were pending the US legal system. If the standards in the treaty are met, the U.S. Constitution offers little in the way to prevent extradition to the UK. Partly that is because as a treaty, it is part of the Supreme Law of the Land (Article 6, Clause 2), and partly because the US Constitution poses almost no barrier to extradition.

      The US extradites its citizens quite often and quite readily. Some countries refuse to extradite their citizens, even if there is a valid extradition treaty (see France and Brazil). So long as there is a valid extradition treaty, and the crime charged satisfies the dual criminality component of those treaties, the US has and will extradite its citizens.

    4. Re:Of course not by Sun · · Score: 2

      Thank you, that was most informative. The only thing that would make that answer better would be if you cited your sources. One question, though. How many of those extradited were native citizens of the country extraditing. I.e. - how many of those the UK asked extradited were US citizens? Thanks, Shachar

  2. The USA does not have a legal system by petes_PoV · · Score: 2, Insightful
    ... all it has is plea bargaining.

    No "ordinary" citizen can possibly afford the cost of invoking the american legal system. It is ruinously expensive and the entire prosecution system knows and relies on that fact.

    As a consequence hardly any but the richest can even get as far as a "presumption of innocence" as that requires going to trial and the phenominal financial burn-rate that entails. So ordinary citizens simply have to take whatever sentence the prosecutors offer them. No trial, no evidence, no judgement - just "sign here" and then wait for your prison uniform.

    And for foreigners the cost of mounting a defence is even higher. For crimes that weren't even committed on american soil the defence has to bear the added cost of transporting and accommodating any witnesses or experts they need to call. Even british millionaires have been broken by this system.

    So in a country where "to be accused is to be guilty", there is no possibility that this guy would ever see justice. Either with or without being able to submit his autism as a defence or mitigation

    --
    politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
    1. Re:The USA does not have a legal system by ChrisMaple · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I just did jury service. We were instructed quite specifically that the state bringing a case against someone is not to be considered as any indication of guilt.

      --
      Contribute to civilization: ari.aynrand.org/donate
    2. Re:The USA does not have a legal system by petes_PoV · · Score: 4, Insightful

      We were instructed quite specifically that the state bringing a case against someone is not to be considered as any indication of guilt.

      You have missed the point. Something like 97% of federal cases never even get to the courtroom.
      Ref: Why U.S. Criminal Courts Are So Dependent on Plea Bargaining

      --
      politicians are like babies' nappies: they should both be changed regularly and for the same reasons
  3. Obviously not by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    No crime was committed on US soil. Consider that if China made a law saying no-one could access certain websites, should an American who never left their country be tried in China for violating that law?

    On top of that, the US has a dreadful record of human rights abuses when it comes to the incarcerated and a legal system that funnels people into private prisons with the emphasis being on revenue generation, not rehabilitation. Their record in such cases is one of extreme and disproportionate punitive measurements enacted out of embarrassment caused to their institutions, not response to the crime committed. That alone makes the case for extradition indefensible, and Britain should refuse.

  4. Yes by klingens · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Of course: he committed the crimes against US computers, the crime happened there, so he should be extradited if the extradition treaty between UK and US provides for this.
    A politician war criminal like for example, german nazis, have committed their crimes basically all over Europe and Asia, never set foot into the countries they attacked, the extermination camps were not in the German Reich either but in occupied areas, etc.. In the Nuremberg trials they still were sentenced to the harshest sentenced possible for these kind of crimes, even when they never set foot at the place where the crime happened. So there really is a lot of legal precedent for this.

    If the US laws are too harsh, then this is a different problem. The defendant can't decide where to get sentenced based on the most lenient laws he can choose from. This is not what "in dubio pro reo" means...

    1. Re:Yes by cheesybagel · · Score: 2

      Those crimes were trialed in an International Court with supra-national jurisdiction. It's not the same thing.

    2. Re:Yes by loonycyborg · · Score: 2, Insightful

      In this case US laws are not just "harsh" but closer to cruel and unusual punishment. To the point that other countries could be justified giving political asylum to any people accused of computer crime by US government.

    3. Re:Yes by MangoCats · · Score: 2

      This doesn't seem to be the defendant deciding, it seems to be the courts of his home country.

      Extradition treaties shouldn't be a one way gate, which is the current situation with US-UK.

    4. Re:Yes by MangoCats · · Score: 2

      Cruel and unusual is in the eye of the beholder... this is the essential question before the magistrate: will he prevent extradition due to the disparity of penalties?

      If you post a picture of a pork BBQ to Facebook and it gets displayed in the UAE, should you be extradited to the UAE to face punishment for your crime?

    5. Re: Yes by Brockmire · · Score: 2, Informative

      The US doesn't have an extradition treaty with Qatar, so what's your point? In addition, the US has no such law on their books. The computer laws in question have equivalents in each country.

    6. Re:Yes by viperidaenz · · Score: 2

      If posting a picture of a pork BBQ to Facebook is also illegal in your country, sure.

  5. extradition treaty by doctorvo · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Naomi Colvin, from the human rights group the Courage Foundation, tells the Guardian that "Lauri's case is critically important in determining the reach of America's unusually harsh punitive sanctions for computer crimes."

    Answer: look in the extradition treaty.

    If you don't like "America's unusually harsh punitive sanctions for computer crimes", get your government to renegotiate the treaty.

    1. Re:extradition treaty by Calydor · · Score: 2, Insightful

      One could even argue that being jailed for life in a foreign country should be comparable to the death sentence. As someone said higher up, getting shot in the head can even be argued to be MORE humane than spending the rest of your life in prison with no chance of ever getting out.

      --
      -=This sig has nothing to do with my comment. Move along now=-
  6. No, not subject to US law by Roger+W+Moore · · Score: 4, Informative

    He did not commit any crime while in the US jurisdiction so no. He was in the UK at the time and subject to UK law so he should only be tried in the UK. To do otherwise means that the UK has lost all sovereignty because then while in the UK you don't just have to follow UK law but also US law over which the UK has no control.

    Extradition is intended to prevent someone committing a crime while in a country's jurisdiction and then running away to a foreign country to escape answering for it. If the US does not think that UK law is strict enough to prevent hacking attacks like this the solution is to block all internet connections from the UK not try to enforce US law on someone who has probably never even visited the US.

    1. Re:No, not subject to US law by thegarbz · · Score: 2, Interesting

      He was in the UK at the time and subject to UK law so he should only be tried in the UK.

      But he specifically attacked US entities. Effectively if we follow your reasoning this is becomes reduced to a state sponsored attack on the US by the UK. Now if he attacked indiscriminately against computers of various origins that just so happened to include US computers then I would agree with you.

    2. Re:No, not subject to US law by Solandri · · Score: 3, Interesting

      Extradition is intended to prevent someone committing a crime while in a country's jurisdiction and then running away to a foreign country to escape answering for it.

      That's exactly what happened here, except the order of the crime and fleeing are reversed. He committed the crimes remotely - he "fled" first, then (allegedly) committed the crimes.

      There's a concept in common law states called standing. The crime was (remotely) committed in the U.S. The injured party is in the U.S. The (purported) criminal is in the UK. The injured party has no standing (right to sue) in the UK. Consequently, the correct venue to hold the trial is in the U.S. This is exactly the type of situation extradition treaties were set up to address.

      If what he did was legal in the UK, then it'd be a different story. And I'd completely understand if the UK refused to extradite for that reason. Likewise if the UK felt there was insufficient evidence against him, then I'd understand if they denied the extradition request (c.f. New Zealand and Kim Dotcom). But if he'd be subject to trial in the UK if he had committed these acts against a UK citizen or UK government, then there's really no reason not to honor the U.S.' extradition request. I suppose the UK could grant the U.S. government standing and the broad right to sue UK citizens in UK courts for violating UK law outside the UK against U.S. citizens and interests. But I think UK citizens would prefer extradition to that.

  7. Re: Nope by coastwalker · · Score: 2, Insightful

    You raise an interesting point. These days there is little difference in the idea of extraditing people to the former Soviet Union and the current United States, the criminal justice system in the US having such apoor reputation globally. Of course there are many nations that are worse but that is not an excuse for a supposedly free country.

    --
    Facts are history now plebs have politics for religion on social media.
  8. Cruel and Unusual by Artagel · · Score: 2

    The article gets wrong the priority of the U.S. Constitution and the statute he would be sentenced under. It is unconstitutional to give a cruel and unusual punishment. No U.S. law can permit it. If the sentencing guidelines would calculate a cruel and unusual punishment, it is illegal as being unconstitutional.

    Given that the hack he is accused of carrying out for was defacing the U.S. Commission for sentencing guidelines, and protesting sentences against hackers as being too harsh, if he is convicted it is hard to say that he didn't know he had it coming. He would have actually studied up on the punishment before doing the crime.

    U.S. Prosecutors will probably offer a deal: turn on your compatriots for a reduced sentence. Prosecution in Great Britain will have little leverage to force that.

  9. Re: Nope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    You know you've jumped the shark when your defence is "well, we're no worse than China or Russia!"

    Of course, the US does have considerably more of their population imprisoned than China does.

  10. Re:Actual Harm by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    The US government allegedly needed to spend $5,000,000 on improving security after the incident. Of course, those were the same improvements that they needed to make even before the incident happened, judging by the fact that it was able to happen in the first place. Actual damages caused were... were there any?

  11. Name Change by that+this+is+not+und · · Score: 2

    In any event, if this individual is extradited and sent to the U.S. and incarcerated there, a free name change should defintely be provided to him.

    He isn't going to do well in the US Prison System as a male with a name like "Lauri Love".

    There are cultural differences, and sensitivity needs to be applied.

  12. Re: Nope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    What shithole do you live in? I'll bet it wouldn't take more than 2 minutes of searching to find many areas where your freedoms, privacy, and other rights are trampled on far worse every day than we have it in the US.

    As far as reputation goes, that's irrelevant because it is created by echo chamber jerk offs who know nothing. Only reality counts.

  13. Re: Nope by hackwrench · · Score: 2

    And the reality is that the US so-called justice system applies unevenly along with its civil portion. There is no we when it comes to this.

  14. Re:The US should take some responsibility... by sjames · · Score: 2

    More like if you leave your shop with the door unlocked, the lights on, and the "yes, we're open" sign still displayed on the door, should I be charged with trespass if I go inside?

  15. Re: Nope by murdocj · · Score: 2

    Seriously? Can you imagine a court in Russia ruling against Putin?? In the USA the government often loses cases.

  16. Re: Nope by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2

    Give enough time from one party in power. Your government is not less corrupted than in Russia, judicial appointments are very, very political in the US.

  17. Re: Nope by BlueStrat · · Score: 2

    So if you leave your front door unlocked and I come in and remove some items, you're saying that that's ok, because you didn't make an effort to deter me?

    It's more like among all the pretty much identical open storefronts in a mall, walking into one random open store gets you a Federal felony illegal entry charge and prison time.

    What this really is all about is government bureaucrats and officials covering their asses because they allowed a server with sensitive data they were responsible for to be wide open on the intertubes.

    It's the same psychology at work here as with punishing individuals who report vulnerabilities/bugs.

    "Kill the messenger!"

    Notice that no government officials nor bureaucrats have been hauled into court and prosecuted for placing sensitive materials on an open server. Everyone is distracted by the Kabuki theater around Mr. Love, and Mr. McKinney before him. These government criminals think nothing of hanging innocent people to cover for their own incompetence, criminality, and corruption.

    Strat

    --
    Progressivism (aka US 'Liberalism'): Ideas so good they need a police/surveillance-state to enforce.