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'Nature' Editorial Juxtaposes FOIA Email Release With Illegal Hacking (vice.com)

Jason Koebler and Sarah Emerson, reporting for Motherboard: Private emails between scientists working on a controversial genetic technology called "gene drive" were released last week. Obtained through a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request, their publication has been criticized by some as an attempt to discredit the science community. Gene drives are a genetic engineering approach with huge implications. They're meant to seed genetic traits -- one that stops mosquitoes from carrying malaria, for instance, or hampers invasive rodents' ability to reproduce -- in a population, and with terrifyingly high odds of inheritance. If things go wrong, gene drives could destabilize ecosystems. (So far, they've only been applied to yeast, fruit flies, and mosquitoes in a lab setting.) More ideally, they could wipe out deadly plagues by targeting their vectors, or give threatened species a fighting chance. Like any young technology, there are a lot of unknowns, and stakeholders are hoping to provide clarity at the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity next year; the same convention where a proposed gene drive moratorium was rejected in 2016. The emails and other documents reveal details about gene drive's biggest funders, including DARPA, the US military's research agency.

39 of 69 comments (clear)

  1. Hey, Look at the bright side. by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 4, Insightful

    Gene drives are a genetic engineering approach with huge implications. They're meant to seed genetic traits -- one that stops mosquitoes from carrying malaria, for instance, or hampers invasive rodents' ability to reproduce -- in a population, and with terrifyingly high odds of inheritance. [snip]. (So far, they've only been applied to yeast, fruit flies, and mosquitoes in a lab setting.)

    Fiddlestocks! yeast, fruit flies.... yikes!

    Just imagine letting it lose among the terrorists and criminals. No body would object to fighting terrorists and criminals, right? And then, get this Pinky, this is where my genius idea comes in. We just have to mark any one opposed to us as criminals, and wow! We will get the world dominating thing done before the first commercial break!

    But Brain, who would oppose this? We will take over the world, like we always do

    What's the we you are talking about Kemo Sabe? Anyone who might oppose would be next. Any lab rat with less gray matter and more pink skin...

    --
    sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
    1. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by Gilgaron · · Score: 3, Interesting

      It'd have to target a genotype. Not useful for fighting crime, although perhaps some sort of awful genocide.

    2. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by 140Mandak262Jamuna · · Score: 3, Interesting

      The Pinky and the Brain who have their hands on this technology would not care.

      --
      sed -e 's/Chuck Norris/Rajnikant/g' joke > fact
    3. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by dgatwood · · Score: 1

      Not useful for fighting crime, although perhaps some sort of awful genocide.

      Or eugenics. It's not like our government hasn't tried it before.

      --

      Check out my sci-fi/humor trilogy at PatriotsBooks.

    4. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by HornWumpus · · Score: 2

      Whatever you do, don't look at the demographics of abortions in America.

      Your head will explode with contradictory thoughts. Genocide, freedom or both?

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
    5. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1
      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    6. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 1

      Great, now I *have* to look at the demographics of abortions in America. Since IDGAF, I promise that my head won't explode. Any links?

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    7. Re:Hey, Look at the bright side. by HornWumpus · · Score: 1

      Politicised to hell and back. Hold your nose before you wade in. The raw numbers aren't good, finding non trollish discussion is hard. The left wants to ignore it, some black nationalists call it 'genocide', the right is after support from religious blacks.

      Touches on Sanger's position on eugenics. Then you've got the ones saying abortion has cut crime rates more than taking lead out of gas... The whole thing is kind of radioactive.

      --
      John McAfee 'It was like that time I hired that Bangkok prostitute; to do my taxes, while I fucked my accountant'
  2. Subtitle by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    "One of science's most important publications assumes science journalists don't know how to do their jobs." Having seen what "science journalism" looks like that would be a fair assumption. At least if you assume that their jobs includes counting truth and reality as more important than fear derived sales/attention and interest generating arguments form "balance" between qualified individuals and the cranks presented as their equals.

  3. Deregulate I say! by Hal_Porter · · Score: 2

    Maybe the humans will win out, maybe the Gillmen or the Molemen or the Centaurs or the AIs. Whatever, it's survival of the fittest.

    Even if the species that wins out isn't humans and is a bit janky in the long run, they'll know enough about how they were constructed to rollback the bad changes in Version 2.0

    --
    echo -e 'global _start\n _start:\n mov eax, 2\n int 80h\n jmp _start' > a.asm; nasm a.asm -f elf; ld a.o -o a;
  4. Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Luthair · · Score: 4, Interesting

    While I understand and agree with FOIA for government and employees of government agencies, does it not seem strange to anyone else that it applies to research scientists in universities?

    1. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Gilgaron · · Score: 5, Interesting

      My understanding is that it is being used increasingly to harass researchers at public universities since it takes resources from them to respond. Pesky scientists researching the dangers of your new crabgrass spray? FOIA! Hardcore fundy looking to stick one to those evilutionists? FOIA! Of course the poor climatologists get a bunch, sometimes even from GOPs in congress.

    2. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Luthair · · Score: 2

      They have scrutiny, they apply for grants and detail the research and the approach. Then they publish a paper documenting it.

    3. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Chris+Mattern · · Score: 1

      If the research is government funded (which it usually is, at least partially), you can use FOIA against it. If they don't take government money, you can't do it.

    4. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Gilgaron · · Score: 1

      An academic lab doesn't really have manpower to spare, even if it is compensated. Probably can't charge them enough to keep an FTE around.

    5. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Mashiki · · Score: 1

      Universities that take public funds have dedicated people to deal with FOIA requests. Just like police forces/services have people dedicated to deal with disclosure of criminal cases to the public but revoking specific "private" information. i.e. informants/information that could jeopardize another case, etc.

      The problem is that there's a lot of money going to some pretty dodgy shit, like studying why teenage girls that weigh 250lbs can't get laid. Or how long it takes for a gay male to ejaculate to straight porn. Both of those were funded with public tax dollars just a FYI.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    6. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

      Publicly funded universities doing publicly funded research.

      Basically, if the taxpayer covers your salary, your work can be FOIA'd.

      That's a good thing.

      --
      An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
    7. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      An academic lab doesn't really have manpower to spare, even if it is compensated.

      Which is why they can charge money and they decide the price.

      Probably can't charge them enough to keep an FTE around.

      It's a school. Interns are free and college students compete for lab intern positions to build their resume.

      Be partisan, that's fine, but please don't ignore facts while defending the people that discover them.

    8. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      An academic lab doesn't really have

      Take public money then that's the cost of doing business. It's really that simple. Talk yourself into circles all you want. At the end of the day it's subject to FOIA or it's illegitimate.

    9. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Wrath0fb0b · · Score: 2

      Which you can then pay Elsevier $55 to download!

    10. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      Ah yes, the cherry-picking of studies to find a very few among what has to be tens of thousands that sound stupid out of context.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
    11. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      An academic lab doesn't really have manpower to spare,

      No, but the University that they are part of does.

      Every grant that comes to a lab at a University has "overhead" taken out, at least in the US. For us, it's 40%. That money goes to pay the administration, infrastructure, etc. That includes lawyers.

      Yes, that means that every purchase of something that costs $1000 actually costs us, the grant recipient, $1400, as $1000 goes to the vendor and $400 goes to the bean counters.

      Only when something goes over $5000 and becomes "equipment" does the overhead go away. It is a skill to get that server system up over $5000 by just a few dollars, as the vendor is trying to get the price down so you'll buy from them. A $5100 server costs $5100. A $4900 server costs $6860. That extra $1960 goes to pay the auditor who pours over the books looking for people who add accessories or parts to a server order to bring the cost over $5000.

    12. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by alvinrod · · Score: 2

      Yes, most research is above board and is done by qualified people who want to make the world a better place, but there's always going to be some graft, it's pretty much unavoidable. However, FOIA requests are just one way to keep the system honest and to allow people to make more informed decisions. It is their money after all.

    13. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by JThundley · · Score: 1

      I can't believe that it's so common now that there's an abbreviation for gay old pedophiles.

    14. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Mashiki · · Score: 1

      Ah yes, the cherry-picking of studies to find a very few among what has to be tens of thousands that sound stupid out of context.

      You really have no idea just how much graft is going on in the sphere of public universities and how the current system perpetuates it do you? It's similar to how budgeting works in companies with the dept. of redundant departments. Burn all your budget, and there won't be any cutbacks! And if we're lucky they'll even give us MORE money. Then again considering the absolute shit that goes on at universities in terms of what you can major in? You know like the history of harry potter and twilight with transexual black midgets who are female, identify as male, and like men.

      Well I'd figure most people would be happy to know where all their hard earned money is going. Not you though.

      --
      Om, nomnomnom...
    15. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by serviscope_minor · · Score: 1

      Universities that take public funds have dedicated people to deal with FOIA requests.

      One or two, but a lot of the burden is on the researchers.

      The problem is that there's a lot of money going to some pretty dodgy shit, like studying why teenage girls that weigh 250lbs can't get laid. Or how long it takes for a gay male to ejaculate to straight porn.

      Why did you just switch topics from FOIA to your pornhub history?

      --
      SJW n. One who posts facts.
    16. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      You might want to take another look at universities, but first either stopping the hallucinogens or starting anti-psychotics. I've been in academia and seen how it works. Some of it is ugly, but it's not nearly as bad as you say.

      What I most want out of taxpayer-funded research grants is good research. Responding to FOIA requests is not doing research. If FOIA requests take up a significant amount of research time and effort, somebody's wasting my tax money, and it isn't the researchers.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
    17. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      Responding to FOIA requests is not doing research.

      It is, however, disseminating the information to the pubic. That's usually a goal of good research.

      If FOIA requests take up a significant amount of research time and effort, somebody's wasting my tax money, and it isn't the researchers.

      That's right, it is the lawyers and administrators who take a cut off the top of any research grant. They're getting their 40% rake, they might as well be doing something productive, like helping let the information out. Otherwise they'd be wasting the money providing safe rooms when any controversial speaker comes to campus, or debating ad nauseum if someone whose name is on a building did bad stuff 150 years ago and is honoring him for his direct contributions to the university actually threatening harm to the current students who are scared of everything.

    18. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      A FOIA request disseminates information, which might well be misleading, to one person. A published paper disseminates information that has been carefully considered to a lot of people. I'd have thought the difference between the two would be glaringly obvious. I approve of the practice some public granting agencies are following by requiring publication in a free location within a year. It's my money and I want to see the results. I don't care about the intermediate steps.

      A FOIA request of a research group is likely to require some actual expertise in the science that lawyers and administrators are likely not to have. I understand that you harbor irrational hostility towards universities, but let's not take it out on the researchers.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
    19. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by Obfuscant · · Score: 1

      A FOIA request disseminates information, which might well be misleading, to one person.

      A FOIA disseminates information from the source, which can be further disseminated. FOIA are often how journalists get their information. They're in the business of passing stuff on.

      If the information is misleading, then the source is being misleading. Blame the source, not the way the information was released.

      A published paper disseminates information that has been carefully considered to a lot of people.

      Yes. Did anyone say that FOIA prevents papers from being published? I don't think so.

      It's my money and I want to see the results. I don't care about the intermediate steps.

      The intermediate steps are often how the results are arrived at. In fact, I'd say they are ALWAYS how the results are arrived at. What data is elided because it is an "outlier"? What assumptions went into processing that data to get to those results? That's important information, too. Science is supposed to be reproducable. If you don't know the intermediate steps, then it is very hard to reproduce the results. For example, cold fusion. And the famous "hockey stick" that nobody could reproduce because the stick depended a lot on what data was eliminated or adjusted.

      A FOIA request of a research group is likely to require some actual expertise in the science that lawyers and administrators are likely not to have.

      Uhhh, no. FOIA don't ask scientific questions. They ask for intermediate work products like email or memos. It doesn't take a rocket scientist to identify that something is an email about rocket science.

      I understand that you harbor irrational hostility towards universities,

      Knock it off. If you don't understand what I've said, don't make it up. And just because you disagree isn't an excuse to make it up, either. I am not hostile, I just say it the way it is. I happen to work at one, so I get to see the inside. Ad hominem is a poor argument, so when you resort to it you show you have none.

      but let's not take it out on the researchers.

      You are the one who claimed they would be misleading in an FOIA response, and I am the one taking it out on them? I'm just telling you the world they work in. FOIA are handled by the university administration, not the researcher.

    20. Re:Application of FOIA Seems Odd by david_thornley · · Score: 1

      Otto von Bismarck said that those who like sausages and laws should watch neither of them being made. This actually applies to lots of things. Research typically involves highly intelligent and argumentative people who sometimes say things that are misleading out of context. Researchers can be jerks (I've known a few) but that doesn't affect the quality of their research.

      Therefore, personal emails are irrelevant. If people insist on digging into them, researchers will use private email, and that will be completely opaque to FOIA requests. Private researchers on government grants are not on official business, and Federal records acts do not apply.

      Intermediate results can be misleading. It's the job of the researchers to figure out what the observational data is saying. Outliers in the data may be statistically insignificant or problems with data collection or all sorts of other things. If you were collecting readings of what temperature water boils at at sea level, and you got instrument readings mostly ranging from 99-101C with one reading in the thousands, what's the chance that the reading in the thousands is legitimate and needs to be included versus being some sort of error?

      Intermediate results being misleading doesn't mean the researchers are misleading. That's from your fevered imagination. Observations need interpretation, and the researchers don't necessarily know how to interpret it at any random stage of an investigation. An interpretation that looks likely from raw data can turn out to be dead wrong. A researcher can try out an interpretation, and it may look good, and then it may fall apart.

      Science comes with built-in error correction. If it's a crap paper, either it will be ignored or it will be torn apart. If it's good, people will do other research, and see how consistent it is with the apparently good paper. This is going to work far better than journalists trying to make sense of emails and raw data.

      The best thing to do is wait for the paper to reach some sort of final form, and dig from there.

      --
      "When you have eliminated the unacceptable, whatever is left, however improbable, must be the truthiness" - Holmes
  5. The Krogans won't like this one bit! by ArhcAngel · · Score: 1

    These scientists better hope the Krogan don't find out. They are still mad about the genophage.

    --
    "A person is smart. People are dumb, panicky dangerous animals and you know it." - K
  6. This is unfortunately not an uncommon stance. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

    As one example, a prominent researcher in the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome field continues to make 'harrasment' allegations and veiled claims of threats, even after their university has revealed no threats were reported to them, and failing to bring up those threats when legal proceedings were mentioned.

    Such 'harrasment' included FOIA, and questions being asked in parliament, and 'libelous blogs'.
    http://www.virology.ws/2017/05/03/trial-by-error-continued-my-libelous-blogging-on-virology-blog/

    After continually refusing to release information (as required by PLOS rules) a paper gets a warning attached to it:
    http://retractionwatch.com/2017/05/02/plos-upgrades-flag-controversial-pace-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-trial-authors-surprised/

    They claim to be willing to share the data, in practice they are only willing to share the data with researchers who agree with them, and they can pre-vet.

    After this data was obtained (part of it) though freedom of information requests, it turned out that the analysis done on it was at best sketchy and misleading on claims of recovery.

  7. Re:Could they be used in africa? by Holi · · Score: 1

    Your comment makes a strong argument for using it on the US.

    --
    Sorry, teleporters just kill you and then make a copy. A perfect, soul-less copy.
  8. Honestly.... by argStyopa · · Score: 2

    ...I have more fears regarding the consequences of accidental fuckups with these sorts of things than I do of nuclear plants, Donald Trump, DPRK, and climate change all bundled together.

    --
    -Styopa
  9. Re:odds of inheritance by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

    The inability to reproduce is not inheritable.

    Actually, it is. The mosquito gene-drive is programmed to only produce male mosquitoes. It is inherited, and can spread through the population, causing the local population to slowly fade away as there are fewer and fewer females in each generation.

  10. Yes, the war on science continues by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

    Because science seeks reality, and reality is the number one ennemy of those who seek to control us.

    Looks like scientists are going to have to resort to end-to-end encryption in their communications in order to be able to work in peace.

  11. Re:Could they be used in africa? by CanHasDIY · · Score: 1

    Based on the assumption AC is from the US?

    Yea, that makes sense.

    Fun fact, countries other than the US have biological and chemical weapons, too. For all we know, AC is in Syria working with ISIS.

    --
    An enigma, wrapped in a riddle, shrouded in bacon and cheese
  12. Dangers of gene drives by Immerman · · Score: 1

    You're being humorous, but that does hint at one of the genuine risks of gene drives - the lines between species are generally far less absolute than we imagine, with outliers between "genetically adjacent" species sometimes able to successfully reproduce, which would allow a gene drive to jump species. Combine that with an infected species having a population that's almost entirely hard-up males, and it seems like the odds would go up even further.

    And if you're talking about a less... extinction-oriented gene drive, then you have to recognize that the "infected" species will now be carrying extremely powerful DNA-editing technology in their DNA forever - gene drives can remove anything except themselves. And evolution does so love to find ways to put useful genes to work.

    --
    --- Most topics have many sides worth arguing, allow me to take one opposite you.