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Can Electricity Travel Through Space on Astrophysical Jets? (mdpi.com)

Slashdot reader Chris Reeve writes: An October 2017 paper titled Electric Currents along Astrophysical Jets reports that "Several researchers have reported direct evidence for large scale electric currents along astrophysical jets." A review of the citations at the end of that paper and others (here and here, for instance) would seem to suggest that one of the great Internet science debates has finally been settled: Electricity does indeed travel through space over vast cosmic distances.

What has been interesting to watch about this unexpected development is that science journalists have so far not explicitly reported this as a shift in theory, and commenters on sites like phys.org appear to deny that any change has even occurred: "The jets have been shown not to be electric currents, the energy and the physics involved are certainly not electromagnetic." This comment completely rejecting these new findings was highly rated by other phys.org readers, suggesting that the failure to explicitly report this as a change in theory has left this controversial topic in a highly confused state.

The paper summarizes what it calls "observational evidence for the existence of large scale electric currents and their associated grand design helical magnetic fields in kpc-scale astrophysical jets." And the original submitter details the history of the question in a follow-up comment arguing that at our current moment in time, "a mistaken bias against electricity in space continues to dominate conversations."

313 comments

  1. An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 3, Interesting

    Dear Slashdot Community,

    Some 11 years ago, I watched a curious thing happen in the comments of a Slashdot article, and it would forever change my life. I watched on as members of the tech community labeled as pseudoscience the simple idea that electricity can travel through space over plasma (and actually do stuff of importance at the largest observable scales). Since that day, I have systematically tracked this electricity in space debate, and I have come to view the reporting on this topic as the greatest science journalism failure of our time.

    To review, a plasma is just a gas with some percentage of unbound charged particles. We call it plasma, rather than gas, because it observably behaves differently. With less than even just 1% ionization, the ionospheric gas is observed to respond to electromagnetic fields. In the laboratory, plasmas can form into very complex structures like filaments. These filaments exhibit a long-range attraction and short-range repulsion with one another, which causes them to pair up without combining. Careful inspection of a novelty plasma globe will reveal that the filaments will tend to separate when they come into contact with the glass. The filaments can also link up with one another into very complex networks. All of this complexity is rather remarkable given that we are just talking about the "fourth" state of matter.

    Now, let's review the current state of this electricity in space debate as it should be reported by science journalists.

    1. It is not widely known, but definitely a fact that proper galactic rotation curves were simulated in the early 80's on government supercomputers by one of the world's leading plasma physicists, without the need for any dark matter. The reason that the arms appear to rotate as almost fixed plates, in this view, is that they are conducting electrical currents.

    Galactic expert, Tim Thompson, has claimed that Peratt's decision to publish in IEEE was an attempt to avoid scrutiny. He admitted that no galactic researcher has ever read IEEE and they wouldn't know that the journal even exists (it's the largest technical organization in the world); and Thompson even went so far as to advise that galactic researchers intentionally avoid reading IEEE. You can see an annotated snapshot of his online forum post here.

    2. We have been left with the impression that the CMB can only be explained as a remnant of the Big Bang expansion. This is simply not true:

    "High-power microwave generation on earth belongs exclusively to devices using relativistic electron beams ... A relativistic electron beam that does not produce microwave radiation is unknown. These same basic mechanisms are likely to have their natural analogs in cosmic plasmas."

    That quote comes from one of the world's leading plasma physicists, Anthony L. Peratt (Physics of the Plasma Universe, Second Edition, 2015, p.33-34.) Peratt would go on to publish a paper revealing more than a hundred local hydrogen filament structures which he claimed correlate with structures in the WMAP cosmic microwave background.

    It would seem that people are not yet connecting the dots here between these recent admissions by astrophysicists that large-scale electric currents are real, and this faint microwave fog that is apparently coming at us from all directions. There is, without a doubt, more than one way to explain this cosmic microwave background; but you'd never know this from the science

    1. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not reading all that.
      I just came to say that any electric universe webpage I've ever seen looked as kooky as richard hoagland's enterprise mission.

    2. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      What I generally tell people who respond to scientific controversies with TLDR is that you might consider a less intellectual activity ... like sports.

    3. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why do you care if there are electrons and ions instead of photons in space. Are you going to retire there?
      Also, did you compile all that in under a minute? Maybe we should be discussing your copy-pasting skills.

    4. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by 110010001000 · · Score: 2

      Oh, are you one of those Electrical Universe crackpots? That makes sense. Nutters.

    5. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 0

      Here's a newsflash for you: The admission by mainstream astrophysicists that AGN jets are electric currents is a clearcut vindication for the Electric Universe. Whether or not you like this fact, it is not very complicated.

    6. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm cuckoo for cocoa puffs!

    7. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Being a crackpot is a compliment.

    8. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by mikael · · Score: 0

      So it's OK if stars have their rotation axii aligned together:

      http://www.cea.fr/english/Page...

      Then galaxies seemed to be aligned with their rotation axii as well:

      https://arxiv.org/abs/1308.281...

      Same with quasars billions of light-years apart:

      https://futurism.com/rotationa...

      Gravity can pull objects together, but it takes electromagnetism to get them to align together.
      That would suggest electric fields and currents.

      --
      Vintage computer adverts: http://www.vintageadbrowser.com/computers-and-software-ads
    9. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by rpresser · · Score: 1

      So fine, there are electric currents. How do you get from there to such idiocy as

      ... exotic and
      untestable amendments to traditional theory—from “black
      holes” to “dark matter” and “neutron stars”—all based on
      phenomena unknown in our practical world and disconnected
      from any verifiable behavior of nature. (from Edge Science #9, your link)

      ?

    10. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      What is remarkable is that you cast these three hypothetical constructs as somehow proof for something - yet, you draw the line at electricity in space.

    11. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Only if you're eventually proved correct. Then, you're "colorful".

    12. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      This is pretty much in line with the phys.org comments.

    13. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by rpresser · · Score: 2

      I didn't. In actual fact, my first sentence admitted that I have accepted there are electrical currents in space.

      I don't accept that admitting electrical currents in space in any way disproves these three constructs are thoroughly invalid.

      To take only one, dark matter, and one bit of very persuasive evidence. If dark matter is not real, please explain gravitational lensing.

    14. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by rpresser · · Score: 1

      Argh, extra negation there. Rephrase: I don't accept that electrical currents in space are incompatible with the existence of these three other theories. Why would a platypus mean that ducks don't exist? Please explain.

    15. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What scientific controversy? Did I miss something?

    16. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Re: "If dark matter is not real, please explain gravitational lensing."

      There are many possibilites out there, but not one is being investigated by the establishment because the scientific academia is on a quest of proving textbook theory right, so there is no need to look for other possibilities. It is the approach of "settled science", where only the details are open to questioning, but the foundation is assumed to be sound and hence unquestionable.

      One possibility is the one explored by Dr. Edward Dowdye, a laser optics engineer and former NASA physicist who argues the case for classical mechanics in attempting to explain observational quandaries that had hitherto remained the province of abstract theories like Einstein's Relativity.

      See this presentation about the bending of light in the vicinity of massive objects:

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

      He presents compelling empirical evidence that the direct relationship between light and gravitation in vacuum space does not exist. Crucially, he pointed out that when GRT was conceived, plasma was unknown, and the limb of the Sun was considered to be a boundary between the photosphere and the vacuum of space. Dr. Dowdye takes account of what is now known to be a plasma atmosphere surrounding the Sun to considerable altitude and applies Gauss's law of gravitation and conventional optics to the problem.

      Please note that this is one of several possibilities that you will find if you look for them. It is clearly a controversy that must be carefully mapped out.

    17. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Lensing was introduced as a way to explain discordant redshifts. If you go back to the original papers where it was proposed, the theorists readily admit that they did not consider any alternative hypotheses. Thus, it does not make a whole lot of sense to call this a proof for anything really.

      "All that can be said in rebuttal is that it would be even more remarkable if the 4 images, all with the same redshift, existed for some other reason, in a configuration which can be so well modelled by the lensing hypothesis"

      The Impact of Gravitating Lensing on Astrophysics, Martin J. Rees Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 OHA

      Well, actually, an alternative ejection hypothesis was put forward by Halton Arp to explain exactly this type of observation. The theorists simply ignored it.

      Some lenses are probably valid, but this presumption that there is only one way to create a lens is probably not.

    18. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      I'm just guessing, but probably your first mistake was assuming that science journalists would report on it.

    19. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Goldsmith · · Score: 5, Insightful

      I am a physicist. You caught one, congratulations.

      I think you're spending a lot of time looking at web forums and not spending any time learning actual physics. In 11 years, you could have started from scratch with a Physics BS and finished a PhD by about now. If you'd done that, you would see that actual physicists have long ago incorporated much of what you're saying we don't acknowledge, and thrown out the things that don't match actual observations. It's great to be inspired by interesting theories to enter physics. I love science fiction, and it's why I got into physics. Being a professional physicist doesn't keep me from still appreciating science fiction.

      Modern models can incorporate MHD at galactic scale, along with all of the other physical interactions we know of, and so we do incorporate all those things. If you don't like the way it's done, I encourage you to go get a Physics PhD and write your own models. If you don't like the typical assumptions, spend more time coding and less time complaining. Modeling is so easy today that these questions can be posed in a homework assignment for a grad student. (Really, you're getting worked up over homework assignment level physics.)

      To physicists, "The Electric Universe" is an antiquated idea, with arguments many generations out of date. You're quoting 30 year old computer models, the proceedings of a minor conference 20 years ago, and a "this is your life, Jim Dungey" review focused on 1960s physics to complain about how modern astrophysics is done. You're referencing a theorist who's a retired engineer. The detail required for a convincing publication has increased dramatically over the last few decades, vocabulary changes every few years, and an understanding of what is "mainstream" changes about every year. It's hard to keep up for full time physicists. Referencing writing published to a much lower standard than what we're used to reading is not convincing.

      I've worked with an older theoretician who wanted to get a modern take on his old approach. He sponsored (paid the salary & tuition of) a grad student in a different group with modern computational resources. That's the appropriate way to make the argument you're trying to make. Instead the Electric Universe guys are pretending that 30 year old techniques and publishing standards are good enough. They're not.

      Last point, I promise. IEEE is an engineering society with no astrophysics community. It is inappropriate to publish an astrophysics paper there. That's journal shopping, and it is a violation of scientific ethics.

    20. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This just in: Some bullshit theory about how there's more electricity in the universe than is generally thought, is vindicated by scientific paper that indicates there's more electricity in the universe than was generally thought.

    21. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the scientific academia is on a quest of proving textbook theory right

    22. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 2

      Anyone who has spent the time to really follow the controversy about the existence and primacy of electricity in space will immediately understand that the controversy cannot be solved by getting a Ph.D. and "writing a new model". There are lots of deep patterns at play that are effectively blocking the possibility for a conceptual revolution, e.g. a complete replacement for Big Bang Creationism, i.e. the idea that the whole physical world actually “began” some time ago; the conservation-defying and hence unscientific proposition of the creation of all physical existence out of an “initial singularity” of “infinite density.”

      Martin Corredoira is an astrophysicist and academic whistleblower. In his critique of academic research, The Twilight of the Scientific Age, he wrote:

      "Creativity is blocked. It seems that the system gives the message that no ideas are needed. It seems the system, through its higher authorities, is saying that science only needs to work out the details. It is accepted that the basis of what is now known is correct, that present-day theories are more or less correct and only manpower is needed to sort out some parameters of minor importance. A Copernican revolution is totally unthinkable within the current system."

    23. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0
      I didn't assume that.

      Mechanisms behind the composition of jets remain uncertain, though some studies favour models where jets are composed of an electrically neutral mixture of nuclei, electrons, and positrons, while others are consistent with jets composed of positron–electron plasma.

      Hardly the controversy I was lead to believe existed in the scientific community.

    24. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      Depends what you mean by that. Sure, there are whopping great plasma jets. Not news. But if you think this "vindicates" crackpot theories like "moon craters are caused by lighting strikes" or that is casts doubt on relativity or dark matter or whatever other post-1800s theory you have trouble accepting, well no.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    25. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Re: "I think you're spending a lot of time looking at web forums and not spending any time learning actual physics."

      So, your suggestion for resolving the debate seems to be that I should just study one side of it.

      Re: "Being a professional physicist doesn't keep me from still appreciating science fiction."

      A crucial part of the process of untangling controversial science is to become fluent in the critiques of modern science. One of these critics wrote a stunning critique of what it means to be a "professional"

      Disciplined Minds: A Critical Look at Salaried Professionals and the Soul-battering System That Shapes Their Lives
      Jeff Schmidt
      (p41, 2001)

      "Professionals generally avoid the risk inherent in real critical thinking and cannot properly be called critical thinkers. They are simply ideologically disciplined thinkers. Real critical thinking means uncovering and questioning social, political and moral assumptions; applying and refining a personally developed worldview; and calling for action that advances a personally created agenda. An approach that backs away from any of these three components lacks the critical spirit ... Ideologically disciplined thinkers, especially the more gung-ho ones, often give the appearance of being critical thinkers as they go around deftly applying the official ideology and confidently reporting their judgments. The fact that professionals are usually more well-informed than nonprofessionals contributes to the illusion that they are critical thinkers."

      Here's another ...

      MR: "When you first thought of writing this book, you were in graduate school, right?"

      JS: "Yes, that’s right. I got interested in the topic when I was going to professional training myself, getting a PhD in physics at the University of California, Irvine. It seemed like the best of my fellow graduate students were either dropping out or being kicked out. And by ‘best,’ those were the most concerned about other people and seemed less self-centered, less narrowly-focused, most friendly people ... they seemed to be handicapped in the competition. They seemed to be at a disadvantage not only because their attention was divided, but because their concerns about big picture issues like justice and the social role of the profession and so on, caused them to stop and think and question, whereas their unquestioning gung-ho classmates just plowed right through with nothing to hold them back. As I mentioned, there’s about a 50% drop-out rate for students entering University programs in all fields; and what I found was that this weeding out is not politically neutral. To put it bluntly, the programs favor ass-kissers. I don’t know if that’s an acceptable term on KFAI, but that’s the fact of the matter ...."

      Jeff Schmidt was actually fired by the AIP for publishing this book. He had up to that point been one of Physics Today's best editors for 19 years. He sued the AIP (and won), and the case became North American physics' largest freedom-of-expression case in its history. I get the impression that many professional physicists have somehow failed to notice the book. But, either way, no, I completely disagree that I have made a mistake by choosing to not become a physicist. In fact, that decision has allowed me a freedom to study both sides of scientific controversies, as well as a freedom to diverge from the consensus view when the evidence is plainly suggesting that the consensus view is just plain wrong.

    26. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 3, Informative

      Or, you know, angular momentum from before formation being conserved. From your one scientific link:

      When examined as a function of distance from the filament axis, a much stronger correlation is found in outer parts, suggesting that the alignment is driven by the laminar infall of gas from sheets to filaments.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    27. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      Save your reader some time and just rate yourself on the Crackpot Index. Admittedly, you're at least creative, using " on a quest of proving textbook theory right" instead of "hidebound reactionary" or "self-appointed defender of the orthodoxy".

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    28. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Observation of concentric cylinders of electric currents in AGN jets is certainly a problem for mainstream science, as this is exactly what was predicted in a 2015 paper by Electric Universe theorist, Don Scott.

      Please tell us why anybody should try to model such an observation with fluids equations. Seems like a complete waste of time to me.

    29. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Puff_Of_Hot_Air · · Score: 0
      All his links are scientific and very interesting. Pity it's not modded up.

      Your response, however, is simply condescending and adds no value.

    30. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Realize that if the Earth was just an inch from the Sun, the next nearest star would typically be around 4 MILES away (!). Your first mistake was in refusing to conceptualize the vast distances of space. At these distances, gravity is just a localized force -- much like the Van der Waals. There is no sprinkling of dark matter into this vast intervening space that will magically transform the universe's weakest force into its organizing force. Dark matter is cosmology's dead end, and you've arrived at this dead end by refusing to question the science journalists, who are honestly behaving more as advocates for the theories than as impartial journalists.

    31. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      All his links are scientific

      No they are not.

    32. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 0

      Re: "Or, you know, angular momentum from before formation being conserved ..."

      It always amuses me when a person who is obviously scientifically inclined has been convinced that the answer to a physics problem is a creation story.

    33. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by civilwaradvocate · · Score: 1

      Appeals to authority every which way, EVERY which way
      Superficial judgement based on stylistic differences and arbitrary standards of datedness

      TL;DR
      "THIS IS THE WAY I LIKE IT SO YOU HAVE TO DO IT THIS WAY"

      No arguments at all.

      Yep, you're a brainwashed drone wishing you were a real scientist. Go back to reddit, asshole.

    34. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What I generally tell smug condescending pricks is to go fuck yourself you god damned kook.

    35. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dumbass, at the same vast distances, so are electricity and magnetism.

      Try this experiment. Hold a magnet two miles above the earth. No place a piece of steel one mile above the earth. Which force do you think is gonna win out? Do you think that piece of steel is gonna fly up toward your magnet? Or down toward the earth?

      Now here’s a physics problem for you. Let’s take a magnetic coil with the same radius of the earth. Calculate the amount of current needed to match the earths gravitational pull as a function of distance from the earths center. If you can’t even do a simple physics problem like that then you should shut your mouth.

    36. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "Dumbass, at the same vast distances, so are electricity and magnetism."

      Forgive my cynicism, but I see that we have now arrived at the point where people are ignoring the implications of the geometry of the plasma filament. The plasma filament presents a perfectly valid solution to the distance problem because of its inherent long-range attraction and short-range repulsion between separate filaments. What this means in practice is that the electric force is then extended to whatever distance -- basically infinite -- that the filament extends to.

      For many years, a number of "debunkers" have attempted to undermine this solution to the dark matter problem by claiming either that plasma is quasi-neutral (and hence non-conductive) or that the electric force is shielded at some distance (Debye screening). The Thunderbolts Group has soundly rebutted the quasi-neutrality argument here, and I've personally documented three exceptional violations of Debye screening here.

      In a sense, these earlier arguments are basically voided by this new mainstream admission of light-years long filaments of plasma currents, but since the reporting by mainstream science journalists on these topics is so confused, the memo never seems to be received by the "debunkers".

    37. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      A crackpot index, very cool! What would have been the crackpot index for Barry Marshall in the 1980s? Which is his crackpot index now?

      Doctor Barry Marshall discovered in the 1980s that ulcers were caused by bacteria. To the medical community, such an idea “was like saying that the Earth is flat.” Hence, the evidence provided by Marshall was discounted. It wasn't until he infected and then cured himself that people started to listen. Since then, such a line of investigation has exploded, allowing for a breakthrough in understanding a causative link between bacteria and stomach cancer. Marshall was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery.

    38. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I just gave you a insightful mod point, because in the past I usedta follow a few conspiracy and alt-science mags and authors, and while it always seemed to me that the scientific community shunned the subject too readily, the authors trying to sell their books always pushed too hard with the anti-scientist point of view and tried too hard to imagine conspiracies and dark forces suppressing their ideas from publication or discussion.

      There have been a number of theories on a solar system scale or larger, such as the suggestion that the cratering on the moon's surface could just as easily have been caused by huge electrical archs, which I thought were worth considering and trying to disprove in a more technical way than just the statement "he's a kooky fuckwit". But the way those guys presented their theories, usually heavily leaning towards the "buy my book" path before all else, as well as their intense paranoia towards anybody with a legit background in astrophysics always left them looking just a wee bit off.

    39. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh so you admit you can’t solve a simple physics problem.

      Ok explain to me how the electric universe works on materials that are not magnetic. Gravity works on everything that has mass. Take me same physics problem and explain how it works on non ionized carbon.

    40. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ermm... you do realize that "smug condescending pricks" can sometimes be experts in their chosen field who look down on others because they are smug condescending pricks? It doesn't necessarily mean they don't know what they are talking about.

    41. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Is a large body of plasma affected by gravity in the same way mass is?
      What if gravity only acts on mass which has relatively balanced charge, but when cosmic bodies eject plasma jets, the unbalanced charge is able travel further without interference from nearby mass, unless electrically attracted or repelled?
      I firmly believe that future technologies which man will slowly and painfully discover will be based on plasma and some of the things you can influence in it and/or with it (and this is not because I watched too much star trek).

    42. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So all of these rotating systems were perfectly balanced since creation? Even the tiniest wobble from a small amount of mass out of alignment would, over a few billion years, lead to a tilting of the axis away from it's original alignment.

    43. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Goldsmith · · Score: 1

      You've not been to the same colloquia I have. These are absolutely ideas that are discussed in physics departments. But please, tell me more about the conversations you know I have or haven't had.

    44. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Goldsmith · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Wow, you picked the wrong person to argue with here.

      I spent my time in grad school leading the student government, and bringing to light the issue of the 50% of people who leave PhD programs. There is a lack of a link between dropping out and academic problems. I got bad administrators fired, I talked about this nationally, I lobbied Congress. What are you doing? Posting online?

      I've chewed out Chancellors, Deans, Admirals, Grant Managers, and CEOs. I've quit jobs, left tenured positions, and put myself in financial distress to prove my points. And I'm a more successful, better scientist for it.

      You don't study physics because it's too hard for you.

      "Physics" isn't a side. It's work. It's offensive to use people like Jeff in your argument. He's put in the work. And the physics community ended up supporting him.

      Go away back to the corners of the internet and know that you can't compete with people like me. You're too lazy to walk into the room where the discussions happen.

    45. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Goldsmith · · Score: 1

      Physics isn't rhetoric. There is a right answer. And yes, we're all assholes in physics. You found us out. Congratulations.

    46. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by quax · · Score: 1

      Fellow physicist here, thank you, that you took the time to make this point so extensively yet politely!

      I've long ago ran out of the patience to do so.

    47. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      Gravity and the electric force both fall off with distance squared (other forces fall off faster). Dark matter explains galaxy rotation rates, gravitational lensing, and the CMBR. Electric currents don't explain anything really.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    48. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      There were also 10,000 crackpots who were just wrong. We don't remember those guys, though I expect you can find a couple thousand of them on YouTube these days.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    49. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      > Thompson even went so far as to advise that galactic researchers intentionally avoid reading IEEE

      And there it is - the conspiracy theory claim. At the core of every nutjob is the conspiracy claim. I don't know enough about the physics to know if any of it is true, but I do know I'm not listening to you.

      Does your tinfoil hat conduct electric plasma jets?

    50. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 4, Informative

      Science is a very complex web of interacting theories and experiments. Any new theory has to not only explain a particular phenomena, but to not contradict a great many other experiments. This rules out a great many alternate theories. This isn't taking "sides", it is just trying to find theories that are consistent with experiments.

      There is some "bias" against non-scientists, but that is because people outside of the field are unlikely to know all of the measurements that have been done. Scientists don't have infinite time, so they are not likely to be willing to do the leg-work of doing research for people who haven't already done a lot of that work themselves.

      It is pretty rare for someone outside of a well established field to make a major contribution.

      Scientists do try to find entirely new theories. I was at conference where one of the speakers mentioned how many theories had died the day that LIGO saw gravity waves from the neutron star collision - the measurement that gravity waves traveled at the same speed as electromagnetic radiation to very high precision, ruled out a range of alternative gravity theories.

      In this case though, there are lots of effects that depend on the strength of magnetic fields in galaxies so they can't be very far from what is predicted by conventional astrophysics.

    51. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >Here's a newsflash for you:

      Here's a newflash for you - you're a lunatic. I don't care if electric currents via jets is correct. I know that YOU are not a rational person.

    52. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by DamnOregonian · · Score: 3, Insightful

      Worse, really.

      Some bullshit theory about how the extremely macro-scale universe is predominantly shaped by the electromagnetic force is vindicated by scientific paper that indicates there's more electricity in the universe than was generally thought.

      It's a lot like claiming your theory about perpetual motion cars has been vindicated because you slightly miscalculated your car's fuel economy.

    53. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by mysticgoat · · Score: 1

      Unfortunately your last paragraph undermines a good deal of what you said earlier.

      Prior to that, you make some interesting assertions that physicists have incorporated "all those things" (referring to what might loosely be called one of the many "electric universe" models), and you make a persuasive case for everyone to accept that the current physics models are collectively the One True Right and Only Way. It is a very good religious argument.

      But then you say

      IEEE is an engineering society with no astrophysics community. It is inappropriate to publish an astrophysics paper there. That's journal shopping, and it is a violation of scientific ethics

      Now that is an inappropriate demonization. Like it or not, you really should acknowledge that science, including physics, is an entirely separate study from engineering, While I fully understand that some scientists are religious fanatics about Science, they have no more business questioning the validity of engineering studies than the Vatican has in questioning the lifestyles of Hindus.

      This work was published in the IEEE because it is very much an engineering study. Not a physics study. It is not about the theory of how things work; it is about the possible mechanisms the empirical facts suggest.

      If the world had waited for scientists to develop a theory of steam engines, we would still be using horses and buggies. It takes an engineering point of view to model things in practical terms, without regard for theories, and thus make the jump from treadle powered spinning wheels to reciprocating steam locomotives. Put another way, the entirely unscientific concept of centrifugal force is damn useful when engineering centrifuges. An engineering study of interstellar filaments is much more likely to advance fusion power projects than anything the physicists are likely to come up with in the next 25 years.

    54. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1

      Jesus Christ. We've truly devolved to the point where the average smart guy is our species' largest weakness. You're too damn smart to tell when you're stupid.
      No, his links aren't scientific. They're ridiculous on their face. It takes very little research to see why EU theories don't hold up, or just a touch of common sense.
      Ultimately, you need look no further than a picture of our fucking sun, and tell me how the magical plasma universe prevents that thing from becoming a massive ball of gravitationally collapsed fusion fire.

    55. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by FormOfActionBanana · · Score: 1

      He was the article submitter.

      --
      Take off every 'sig' !!
    56. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Same here. It's a long time since I stopped using my academic degrees or oratorial skills to confront imbeciles, moon hoaxers, truthers and other assorted bozos with their internet "knowledge". Now I simply resort to Krav Maga.

    57. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by BadDreamer · · Score: 1

      It is not about the theory of how things work; it is about the possible mechanisms the empirical facts suggest.

      Which makes it a science study.

      An engineering study would have been if it had been about how to harness this electricity practically.

    58. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by BadDreamer · · Score: 5, Informative

      So, your suggestion for resolving the debate seems to be that I should just study one side of it.

      The suggestion is that in order to resolve the debate, you should learn what the debate actually is about, and how to evaluate the claims made on all sides. You do that by learning physics.

      Physics is not a series of dogma you memorize. It is methods to analyze the world, and tools you use to examine whether a proposal actually matches up with observed reality.

      If you study physics, you do not study either side of this debate. You study the tools used to determine what is actually consistent with reality, and learn to use them, and then you can use them to analyze all sides of the debate to see what actually matches up with observation.

      Your "freedom" now is to treat both sides as dogma, because you do not have the tools to evaluate either side. And dogma is not physics, and physics is not dogma, so you end up doing nothing at all.

    59. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why is this even in question?
      Almost all gas in space is somewhat ionized. Maxwell's equations indicate moving charges must have magnetism associated with them. A conductor is not required.

    60. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Alignment of rotation can be accomplished by them sharing a common media. Think bathtub drain rotation in N vs S hemispheres of Earth.

    61. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Me, me, me. Managed to completely disprove yourself

    62. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      What you are overlooking is that, in the midst of all such sea of crackpots saying untenable things, there are also the original thinkers that are not only pointing out real problems with accepted theory, but also providing the new ideas that we need to move forward.

      Indeed, true wisdom is rare in critical websites, online forums, and comments. But this low signal-to-noise ratio is simply the nature of the challenge, much like mining for gold.

      You are assuming that, just because the internet is inundated with untenable ideas, then absolutely all against-the-mainstream ideas must also be untenable. Such an assumption effectively cripples our possibilities for conceptual breakthroughs. This is why we must learn from history. Barry Marshall is a case in point. He would have continued to be a crackpot if he had not infected himself. He should not have needed to infect himself.

      The Longitude Problem is also a very telling historical lesson. The ideas that we need can come from anywhere. See:

      https://plus.google.com/+Chris...

    63. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So it's likely that a revisitation of Aether based theories with an eye towards the Aether actually being plasma flows could turn up some useful insights?

    64. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      The point being made is that cosmology is in a deep crisis, and that neither the crisis nor the profound paradigm-shift that seems to be required to solve the crisis are discussed in physics departments. How would I know? Just paying attention to what academic whistleblowers have to say (see the list below).

      An Open Letter to the Scientific Community
      Published in New Scientist, May 22, 2004
      cosmologystatement.org

      Website no longer works, but original page can be viewed here

      https://web.archive.org/web/20...

      "The big bang today relies on a growing number of hypothetical entities, things that we have never observed -- inflation, dark matter and dark energy are the most prominent examples. Without them, there would be a fatal contradiction between the observations made by astronomers and the predictions of the big bang theory. In no other field of physics would this continual recourse to new hypothetical objects be accepted as a way of bridging the gap between theory and observation. It would, at the least, raise serious questions about the validity of the underlying theory.

      But the big bang theory can't survive without these fudge factors. Without the hypothetical inflation field, the big bang does not predict the smooth, isotropic cosmic background radiation that is observed, because there would be no way for parts of the universe that are now more than a few degrees away in the sky to come to the same temperature and thus emit the same amount of microwave radiation.

      Without some kind of dark matter, unlike any that we have observed on Earth despite 20 years of experiments, big-bang theory makes contradictory predictions for the density of matter in the universe. Inflation requires a density 20 times larger than that implied by big bang nucleosynthesis, the theory's explanation of the origin of the light elements. And without dark energy, the theory predicts that the universe is only about 8 billion years old, which is billions of years younger than the age of many stars in our galaxy.

      What is more, the big bang theory can boast of no quantitative predictions that have subsequently been validated by observation. The successes claimed by the theory's supporters consist of its ability to retrospectively fit observations with a steadily increasing array of adjustable parameters, just as the old Earth-centered cosmology of Ptolemy needed layer upon layer of epicycles.

      Yet the big bang is not the only framework available for understanding the history of the universe. Plasma cosmology and the steady-state model both hypothesize an evolving universe without beginning or end. These and other alternative approaches can also explain the basic phenomena of the cosmos, including the abundances of light elements, the generation of large-scale structure, the cosmic background radiation, and how the redshift of far-away galaxies increases with distance. They have even predicted new phenomena that were subsequently observed, something the big bang has failed to do.

      Supporters of the big bang theory may retort that these theories do not explain every cosmological observation. But that is scarcely surprising, as their development has been severely hampered by a complete lack of funding. Indeed, such questions and alternatives cannot even now be freely discussed and examined. An open exchange of ideas is lacking in most mainstream conferences. Whereas Richard Feynman could say that 'science is the culture of doubt', in cosmology today doubt and dissent are not tolerated, and young scientists learn to remain silent if they have something negative to say about the standard big bang model. Those who doubt the big bang fear that saying so will cost them their funding.

      Even observations are now interpreted through this biased filter, judged right or wrong depending on whether or not they support the big bang. So discordant data on red shifts, lithium and helium abundances, and galaxy distrib

    65. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      So far, such "right answer" seems to be the Standard Model, a theory which is typically regarded as “the pinnacle of science” or even “the theory of almost everything.” The Standard Model poses that the whole physical world is reduced to exactly 61 different kind of zero-sized point-particles, entities that somehow interact through four non-contact interactions, forces that are simultaneously also zero-sized point-particles. In addition, each of these 61 different kinds of extensionless entities may demonstrate the incomprehensible wave-particle paradox (as Feynman reminded us, "Nobody understands quantum mechanics"). All this activity happens, it is claimed, in 4D "curved" spacetime. In addition, absolutely all that was created from nothing sometime ago, starting from an "initial singularity" of "infinite density".

      Just a quick reminder of the so-called right answer.

    66. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You got schooled moron. Stop posting your idiot stuff before you end up looking like the Time Cube.

      Everything you know and believe is wrong.

    67. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Yeah, no need to ever study ongoing controversies of science. Everything is "fine", like here:

      https://www.theverge.com/2016/...

      Actually, a survey of 270 academics reveals that the information engine at the heart of science is broken, see:

      https://plus.google.com/+Chris...

      When your car's engine breaks down, you pull off to the side of the road and fix it. Why does the academic community assume that they can steer the machine to truth when the flows of scientific information are governed by "perverse incentives"?

    68. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      I've read absolutely all the comments for this post, and the initial poster seems to be in fact some of the very few persons being strictly rational here.

      So, care to explain exactly in what ways he is not being a rational person, in your view?

      Have you spotted any logical fallacies, for example? Or what exactly?

    69. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      You seem to be overlooking the fact that the space age has been one of an unending stream of "surprises", which is the actual misleading world that is typically reported by scientific journalists. But these "surprises" were not like when you find a strange-looking deep-sea species that you just add to the species catalog. No, what the historical record of this enormous quantity of surprises show is that these "surprises" were actually a theoretical failure to predict what was going to be discovered. The collective message of all these thousands of discoveries that were failed to predict is that we should be looking for a different viewpoint for the same data.

      If you were to just suspend judgement and study the complexities of this profound controversy, then perhaps you would be surprised (pun intended) to find that the actual theoretical failures to predict the discoveries of the space age are pervasive and a constant, "surprises" that occur persistently in all sub-disciplines of astronomy and astrophysics, from planetary science (the latests "surprises" coming from the Juno mission), to cometary science, infrared astronomy, radio-astronomy, stellar astronomy, etc.

      Of course, if you have only one paradigm and you are not going to consider an alternative one—the approach chosen by academic science—then you can always find ad hoc ways to try to account for observations. Dark matter, dark energy and inflation are just some examples of ad hoc measures incurred to patch what was failed to predict.

    70. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Engineering. Where the noble semiskilled laborers execute the vision of those who think and dream. Hello, Oompa-Loompas of science. --Sheldon Cooper, The Big Bang Theory

    71. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      Which discoveries are you thinking of?

      Dark energy was a very important and unexpected discovery - but I don't think it was one that could have been predicted until acceleration started to show up in high precision data. Einstein's equations included a term that could cause acceleration, but there was no reason to think it was non-zero in the modern universe until there was data.

      Neutrino oscillations were an important discovery, but again no particular reason to expect them without data.

      What major paradigm shifts are you thinking of in the last 50 years in well established fields and which of those came from outside of the established scientific community? In new fields, there is a lot of opportunity for new ideas. In old fields it can happen, but the invention of relativity is a pretty typical example: a brilliant person from *inside* of the scientific community finds a different way describe existing data, and makes new testable predictions.

    72. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What you are overlooking is that, in the midst of all such sea of crackpots saying untenable things, there are also the original thinkers that are not only pointing out real problems with accepted theory, but also providing the new ideas that we need to move forward.

      Guess what, you’re not one of them. You’re just a dumbass crackpot.

    73. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "But the way those guys presented their theories, usually heavily leaning towards the 'buy my book' path before all else, as well as their intense paranoia towards anybody with a legit background in astrophysics always left them looking just a wee bit off."

      I hear what you're saying: You have expectations for what a competing theory and presentation should look like, and this doesn't look like your expectations.

      What I am arguing for is that, in terms of process, we can more meaningfully judge controversial scientific claims by systematically tracking scientific controversies. By that, I mean (1) learning the arguments of the debate; and then (2) watching for any vindications which might occur for the against-the-mainstream idea; and (3) preferably, doing this in a group of people, so that the work is distributed. I've proposed a new social network to crowdsource this information in an EdgeScience article which details the origin of the idea.

      The problem with your existing process is that we do not actually know what state the correct answer currently is in. When popularity does not align with validity -- i.e., when there are observable biases on a topic -- then the state of a valid line of investigation can be immature. Some people -- and this includes actual scientists -- will try to cast that as reason to believe that the idea is not correct, but then they use that judgment as a reason to stop paying attention. What I'm suggesting is that this is not a rigorous approach for identifying what is and isn't true. There is a way to deal with these situations which is much less prone to error: tracking controversies.

    74. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "Oh so you admit you can’t solve a simple physics problem."

      I recommend that you take your time and re-read what I have posted, because I did not at all admit that that I can't solve some physics problem. I provided you with a perfectly valid geometry, based upon laboratory plasma physics principles, for resolving the dark matter problem without having to invoke any new matter.

    75. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Re: "Which discoveries are you thinking of?"

      For example, the discoveries of ubiquitous associations between high redshift objects and low redshift objects, all of which falsifies Big Bang Theory (because, if it is a scientific theory, it should be falsifiable, right?). If you only have a couple of hours to spend, you can start here:

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

      For a more technical coverage of these discoveries, you should get Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies and his three books on the subject.

      And by the way, all the testable predictions confirmed by experiment associated to Relativity Theory come from its mathematical formalism, all of which was formulated by aetherists like Voigt, Larmor, De Pretto, Lorentz, Fitzgerald and Poincaré, all that happening before Einstein had written his first paper. From historian of science Whittaker's second volume on the History on the Theories of Aether and Electricity, from the chapter called "The Relativity Theory of Poincaré and Lorentz":

      "It is clear, from the history set forth in the present chapter, that the theory of relativity had its origin in the theory of aether and electrons. When relativity had become recognised as a doctrine covering the whole operation of physical nature, efforts were made to present it in a form free from any special association with electro-magnetic theory, and deducible logically from a denite set of axioms of greater or less plausibility."

      And by the way (bis), Frank Wilczek, a Nobel Prize winner for his contributions in Quantum Field Theory, has recently published a very recommendable book called: "The Lightness of Being: Mass, Ether, and the Unification of Forces".

    76. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And this is why there's a 50 year cycle between great discoveries in physics. All the cranky old farts desperately hanging on to their past and refusing to entertain any new ideas that don't come from the proper channels (read: proper people) have to die to make room for the new, clever blood. Then they become cranky old farts, rinse, repeat.

      You're just not special, Goldsmith. You're an egotistical asshole.... in other words, an academic physicist. Good luck being remembered. Good lord, I've forgotten you already

    77. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      The mistake of the mainstream approach has been to base the cosmic plasma models more upon what we imagine the plasma should do, based upon principles, than upon what we observe that the plasma does do within the laboratory. Since the Alfven story is not told in academia, the story which would teach this lesson remains completely unknown -- and so people continue to repeat the same mistaken logic. Put another way, when science journalists refuse to be objective, by refusing to tell the stories that mainstream scientists find awkward, there are real-world consequences for the public's conversations on these topics. It basically entraps the public into an ideology.

      Re: "Gravity and the electric force both fall off with distance squared (other forces fall off faster)."

      I see this sort of argument all of the time, and to be honest, it's evident that you've not learned enough of the debate to identify where the point of contention is. The idea that has been put forward is not based upon these simple principles; it's a hypothesis which has been constructed from modern observations of actual plasmas in actual laboratories. So, in that regard, we have a complete disconnect here: You've decided that you can argue against an argument which you've not taken the time to learn.

      The actual argument which has been put forward is that, in the laboratory, what we observe plasmas doing is forming filaments which have a tendency to pair up. Take the time to learn the geometry of the claim by thinking about the pictures here, here and here -- which become progressively more complex.

      It takes a little bit of mental effort to understand, but a person does not have to be a physicist or a mathematician to discern from these diagrams that there is a long-range attraction between these filaments, as well as a short-range repulsion.

      Now, realize that plasmas are observed to scale over enormous distances. This is not based upon somebody imagining this as a principle (that would be absurd); the scaling is observed . So, what that means is that in a vague sense -- with some caveats -- we can scale this process up to the galactic regime. The observations of ESA's Herschel can fairly be called a vindication of this claim, as well.

      One implication of this geometry is that the electric force can be extended to any distance we observe the filaments extending to. There is no known limit -- which is why this is a perfectly valid, and very physical, explanation for the dark matter problem.

      Another important implication -- which is intriguing, honestly -- is that the universe appears to be a plasma fractal. There is repetition of structure happening across vastly different scales -- and this fact has not yet been adequately stated by science journalists to the public. It certainly bears great meaning for what the universe actually is.

    78. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      If, as a culture, we equate thinking differently with insanity, then that would seem to offer no rational process for escaping big mistakes in the sciences. The simple fact is that "Over the past 15 years, for example, experiments designed to detect individual particles of dark matter have become a million times more sensitive, and yet no signs of these elusive particles have appeared." So, if our process is to culturally isolate those people who are trying to approach the problem differently, we have to accept the possibility that if the dark matter problem exists at the level of starting-point hypotheses or assumptions, then the problem will never be solved.

    79. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "Ultimately, you need look no further than a picture of our fucking sun, and tell me how the magical plasma universe prevents that thing from becoming a massive ball of gravitationally collapsed fusion fire."

      If this is your process, then I can tell you that you've completely misjudged the complexity of this controversy.

      Don Scott has published a very detailed explanation of the operation of the Sun from an electrical cosmology perspective. Your process does not appear to involve learning the model he has put forward, and so I would kindly suggest that if you'd like to participate in the debate, that the first step is to learn the model.

    80. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      And how do you suggest that we test such an idea?

    81. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "There were also 10,000 crackpots who were just wrong. We don't remember those guys, though I expect you can find a couple thousand of them on YouTube these days."

      You seem to want your audience to conclude from this that there is no value to tracking scientific controversies, in order to identify which against-the-mainstream claims are valid. It is akin to arguing that since gold nuggets are somewhat rare, we should not mine for them.

    82. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      I wouldn't put the situation in exactly those terms, but I do think you are very close to the thinking I see amongst others on these topics. Put another way, our understanding about what is happening at the largest scales can certainly have an inordinate influence upon how we conceptualize the smallest scales. When I look at the behaviors of plasma, I cannot escape the fact that Irving Langmuir lent the term to these observations for the very reason that the fourth state of matter appeared to him like blood plasma -- alive. So, imagine that we were to conceptualize either the universe or the plasma in it to be a form of life; then that could certainly inform us about how to interpret these vessel-like filaments, as well as stars and galaxies. In this view, the galaxies would be akin to the creature's organs, and stars would be like their cells. And our expectations that space must be homogeneous would have to be completely thrown away. Observations of quasars, for instance, would seem to actually argue against homogeneity. No matter what inference you adopt with respect to quasars -- be it mainstream or the less accepted Halton Arp interpretation -- they would seem to be a fundamentally unique state for matter in the universe. In electrical cosmology, this would be because it is a gestative state, since electrical cosmology defers to the work of Halton Arp on quasars.

      Many mainstream scientists would seem to imagine that there is no value to constructing an alternative framework like this, and what would actually be fair about their rejection -- from an innovation sense -- is if they were to sign a pledge to never use any technology which emerges from these explorations (their children as well).

    83. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "These are absolutely ideas that are discussed in physics departments."

      Here's a simple challenge, Goldsmith, which goes straight to the point. Why not list out for us the papers and texts that you've learned about the Electric Universe from?

    84. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      videos are a really inconvenient way to present technical information. Are there papers?

      Very careful statistics are needed to look for correlations between high and low redshift objects. Its easy for a survey to be biased by brighter objects being counted at the same redshift were dimmer objects are missed. Then gravitational lensing will provide real correlations that need to be subtracted out.

      Gravitational lensing of distant quasars by closer galaxies, and of the CMB background by closer objects (from statistical surveys) is very strong evidence that redshift is distance correlated. This is separate from and supports data from supernova. Things like the LIGO in-spiral measurement add yet more independent confirmation.

      Its difficult to imagine a model that fits the huge amount of existing data that doesn't have redshifts correlated with distance. If someone has such a model, they have to show that it is consistent with ALL the known data - and *they* have to do the legwork to show that. Its so unlikely that working scientists are not going to be able to get funding to study it. Funding is very limited so it gets spent in directions that are most likely to produce results. (how else would you decide where to spend it).

    85. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "It's offensive to use people like Jeff in your argument. He's put in the work. And the physics community ended up supporting him."

      And since then, both scientists and science journalists have refused to even mention him -- as if none of it ever even happened. And now that somebody has mentioned his sacrifice in an obscure area of the Internet, you appear enraged that they have done so. One would think that the largest freedom-of-expression case in North American physics deserves more mention.

      Re: "Go away back to the corners of the internet and know that you can't compete with people like me."

      The reality of the situation is that people are trying to diagnose your community's failure to identify 95% of the universe's matter, so that we can reconstruct a new framework from the ashes of the old.

      What is the nature of the problems which have led us to this dead end? Which claims should we keep, and which deserve replacement? Are there mistakes at the deepest levels of our conceptualization of the problem? Those who are thinking at this level are actually operating at a level above you: You are operating at the level of models, whereas people who are reconstructing cosmology from this dead end are operating at the level of paradigms.

      You and I know that the questions you can ask at the model level are bounded by the constraints of the accepted assumptions and starting-point hypotheses; what we are pointing out is that you should start the difficult work, with us, of hedging on this dark matter problem. Your approach is to have everybody walk into this dead end, hand-in-hand, without any plan B. What we are arguing is that given what we know today, it is actually quite reckless to just push forward without consideration that the dark matter problem may be evidence for a mistake at the level of assumptions and hypotheses. Your demand is that we always double down on the original idea each time that we see a possible problem or suggestion of an alternative solution; what I am proposing is that this behavior is typically labeled as reckless and usually associated with the behavior of an addicted gambler, unable to admit that they may be wrong.

    86. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "It is pretty rare for someone outside of a well established field to make a major contribution."

      This is probably a good time to bring up the history of the discovery of radio waves from space.

      The Invisible Universe: The Story of Radio Astronomy
      Gerrit L. Verschuur
      Second Edition

      "1.2. The Birth of Radio Astronomy ...

      2.1. Caught between Two Disciplines

      In 1933 John Kraus, then at the University of Michigan, attempted to detect the sun by using a searchlight reflector to focus the radio waves. He failed because the receiver was not sensitive enough. This was the first use of a reflector-type radio telescope. At the Serendipity meeting, Kraus stated that meaningful accidental discovery occurs only as the result of 'being in the right place with the right equipment doing the right experiment at the right time.' Another noted astronomer, R. Hanbury Brown, added that the person should 'not know too much,' otherwise the discovery might not be made!

      This summarizes a very interesting phenomenon. Many research scientists, especially the theoretically inclined, 'know' so much that their chance of making a lucky or creative discovery may be severely curtailed. If we know too much, our vision is sometimes narrowed to the point where new opportunities are not seen. Jansky knew a little astronomy, but not enough for it to get in his way and cause him to reject the possibility that radio waves originating in the cosmos might be real.

      Grote Reber, a professional engineer and radio ham in his spare time, was one of the few people who recognized the interesting implications of Jansky’s discovery. Reber was certainly not hampered by any astronomical prejudices about whether or not the cosmic radio waves could exist. Instead, he was interested in verifying their existence and followed up on Jansky’s work. To this end, Reber built the world’s first steerable radio dish antenna (Figure 2.1) in his backyard and mapped the Milky Way radiation during the period 1935–1941. Figure 2.2 shows an example of Reber’s data. He pointed out that the new field of radio astronomy was originally caught between two disciplines. Radio engineers didn’t care where the radio waves came from, and the astronomers

      ... could not dream up any rational way by which the radio waves could be generated, and since they didn’t know of a process, the whole affair was (considered by them) at best a mistake and at worst a hoax.

      The very essence of research is that once an observation is made it requires some understanding and interpretation in order to formulate a plan for making further observations. It was initially very difficult for astronomers, entirely ignorant of radio technology, to interpret or understand the significance of Jansky’s or Reber’s epoch-making discoveries.

      Jesse Greenstein, of Caltech, one of the few astronomers who did get involved before World War II, summed up the dilemma confronting the astronomer of those prewar days:

      I did not say that the radio astronomy signals would go away someday, but I didn’t know what next to do.

      How could anyone know what next to do? The mystery of where the radio waves originated was a profound one, not easily solved. Significant new technologies had to be combined with astronomical knowledge in order to carry out radio astronomical research. If the science was to flourish, either astronomers had to learn about radio engineering or radio engineers had to learn astronomy. The new science therefore grew slowly ..."

    87. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "The suggestion is that in order to resolve the debate, you should learn what the debate actually is about, and how to evaluate the claims made on all sides. You do that by learning physics."

      Notice what is missing from your process:

      (1) Critiques by academic insiders about systemic problems in academic research

      (2) Important context from histories of science

      (3) Cognitive biases inherent to our expectations about what the answer should look like

      (4) Sociological patterns of behavior

      (5) Politics in our system of peer review, where ideas are judged by whether or not they support the existing theories

      (6) How we are training academics (can it be shown that independent thinkers do not survive this training?)

      (7) Tracking of the controversy over time, to see if unexpected vindications occur

    88. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      The deep question that you should be asking is the following: is the Big Bang Theory falsifiable?

      If it is not, then it is not really science. If it is falsifiable, then the scientific method demands that scientists should be constantly looking for observational evidence that could invalidate it. This is not happening nowadays within academia. It did happened some decades ago, but when this world-renowned observational astronomer discovered the falsifying evidence, instead of being congratulated, he was basically sacked from the observatory (as explained in the video documentary previously mentioned).

      If you had spend the time to actually look for such thing, then you may be surprised to find that the observational evidence falsifying the Big Bang creation story is very numerous. If you just want to focus on the controversy over redshift, then there are scores of papers related to it. This is just one for example:

      https://www.academia.edu/81152...

      If you really want to deeply understand why the Big Bang Theory has been observationally falsified, I recommend the following four books that you may use as a reference for all the papers that are cited within them.

      https://www.amazon.com/Quasars...

      https://www.amazon.com/Seeing-...

      https://www.amazon.com/Catalog...

      https://www.amazon.com/Galileo...

      In any case, the lesson of Halton Arp's story goes far beyond the data which observationally falsifies the Big Bang Theory (assuming that the theory really is falsifiable, something that doesn't seem to be the case). Arp's story is a very sad one and a lesson about everything that is wrong within academic science, and about what we need to radically change if we want to promote scientific progress and innovation.

    89. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      I see a number of physicists here, but I've yet to see them make any technical arguments related to these debates. Have you?

    90. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I've talked to a certain green scientist at Columbia about this extensively. He appears to think people in your position are, to be charitable, "not thinking clearly enough to entertain certain types of data".

    91. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "An engineering study of interstellar filaments is much more likely to advance fusion power projects than anything the physicists are likely to come up with in the next 25 years."

      Yes, you're exactly right that the riddle of fusion power is likely to be unraveled by this line of investigation. Put another way, wherever we see an irrational aversion to exploration, we can guess that there may very well be answers to long-standing mysteries on the other side of those questions that these researchers find too awkward to ask.

      To give a very direct example, a very simple experiment which is not widely understood by astrophysicists involves charge-loading a metal sphere in a vacuum. This extraordinarily simple experiment produces observable layers of charge. There have been attempts for a couple of decades now in journals like IEEE journal to classify these "double layers" as astrophysical entities. Since astro's refuse to read IEEE or model cosmic plasmas as electric circuits (fluids models cannot explain DL's), most astrophysicists are probably unaware of what a double layer is -- and I can surmise that because, if they did, they would not be invoking arguments about quasi-neutrality and Debye screening.

      Why does this matter? Well, because if we simply imagine what the plasma should do, then we would have no reason at all to propose layering. Yet, that is the fact of the matter from this simple laboratory experiment, and it stands to reason that this layering can explain why the ionosphere is layered, and probably also has a lot to do with the inherent stability of the plasmoid itself.

    92. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "And there it is - the conspiracy theory claim."

      Is it really though? You can read Tim Thompson's rant here.

      Which part of this involves a conspiracy?

    93. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Puff_Of_Hot_Air · · Score: 1
      They are scientific in the sense that they are about scientific phenomenon. You obviously didn't look at any of the links as none of them mention "electricity" "plasma" or any of the controversial stuff that seems to be getting everyone worked up. Just galaxy rotational alignment.

      Which is interesting.

      I'm not an "electric universe" supporter, or whatever this stupid argument is about. I just saw links to an interesting cosmic phenomenon, and went "interesting!". Apology?

    94. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      Jansky was creating a new field - he was using a new technology (radio) to perform new measurements. That is very different from having new "ideas" without any new data in a well established field. In order to have new idea, you need to understand the field as it exists, or you won't know what measurements have already been done.

      There may be very interesting new astrophysics data if, for example, someone finds a way to efficiently detect dark matter. (there are some ideas based on quantum entanglement, but so far they aren't very practical). Gravity waves have opened up a new window - but the detectors are extremely expensive and are the result of decades of work in the field. Advances in computation are making large scale synthetic aperture telescopes practical - and there are several projects planning to implement this.

      If someone finds a new type of measurement to do for astrophysics / cosmology, there will be a LOT of interest.

    95. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by quax · · Score: 1

      Reading comprehension? My point was that I don't care to discuss this in this forum.

    96. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      Yes, big bang can and in its original form has been falsified. The original version was just free expansion in the presence of matter and electromagnetic radiation. Measurements disagreed with that model at fit better a model where there was additional invisible matter (with some constraints on rest mass), and a "inflation" field which went away early in the universe's history Later measurements showed that there was also an "dark energy" field that is similar to the inflation field, but at a very much lower energy density.

      So yes, the original model did fail, and new models were developed.

      What is still quite solid is that at some point roughly 14 billion years ago, all matter was in a compact volume at high pressure and temperature. How it "got there" (if that question is even well defined, and details of the physics of the early universe are still under investigation.

      For the books: just the amazon summary says that quasars are local objects. That contradicts observations of gravitational lensing of quasars by galaxies. Decades ago there was debate over whether quasars were local or not, but that has been settled. Since the book seems to be proposing a theory that disagrees with a large number of measurements, I don't see any point in reading the rest.

      I think part of the problem is that people outside of the field don't realize the incredible wealth of data we now have on cosmology. This is very different from the case 50 years ago when there was very limited data and a lot of room for a wide range of theories.

    97. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Gravity, as we currently understand it, is purely attractive. Charge is attractive and repulsive. So to get a net force with charge, you are going to need to explain why there is a charge imbalance.

    98. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why are you arguing this here? Its fucking Slashdot, mostly filled with millennial JavaScript fanboys who dont have a clue or an attention span long enough to comprehend anything more complex than a cheese pizza.

    99. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      As long as you continue to refuse to review the falsifying evidence, you will continue to think that cosmology is not in crisis.

      "When Big Bang proponents make assertions such as “the evidence taken together hangs together beautifully,” they overlook observational facts that have been piling up for 25 years and that have now become overwhelming. Of course, if one ignores contradictory observations, one can claim to have an “elegant” or “robust” theory. But it isn’t science." -- Halton Arp

      What you should do is to forget about theoretical claims, ask your self if the Big Bang is falsifiable, and if it is, then look at the raw data compiled in those four books. Check out for example the following link with just one example found in the books:

      https://www.thunderbolts.info/...

      There you will see four objects, with four completely different redshifts, two of the four objects being quasars, physically associated through a plasma filament. That is impossible, according the Big Bang assumptions regarding redshift.

      "It seems likely that redshift may not be due to an expanding Universe, and much of the speculations on the structure of the universe may require re-examination." - Edwin Hubble, PASP, 1947

      "The evidence that many objects previously believed to be at great distances are actually much closer confronts us with the most drastic possible revision of current concepts." - Halton Arp.

      The four books and related papers are chock full of similar raw evidence in which it is observationally found that the idea of redshift being an indicator of an "expanding Universe" (whatever you may want to physically interpret by that) has been falsified again and again and again.

      Anyway, you seem to reject the possibility that the Big Bang Theory is observationally falsifiable. In such case, it is not a science. One way or the other, I finished with these postings. Enjoy!

    100. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      I don't see the falsifying data.

      the picture you show, has 4 objects, two at low redshift, two at higher redshift. The two low redshifts are pretty close. (difference is .027) which may be explainable by local motions. The two high redshift objects can just be background galaxies. This doesn't falsify the conventional expanding universe model.

      For this to mean anything data from one of the survey instruments needs to be analyzed to see if overlaps like this happen more often than would be expected randomly (including lensing). Its not a difficult analysis, but someone has to take the time to do it. There is some data in public domain. An interested person an analyze and publish.

    101. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You need help. You can spend your life obsessed with this theory, or you can walk away now, and be free of it. Otherwise, get a degree, put in the work, and prove it. Donâ(TM)t rant online.

    102. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Chris+Coles · · Score: 1

      There are two separate problems here; scientific apartheid, a refusal to give any credit to any new thinking that emanates from anyone not based within an established scientific institution; and fear. We are deliberately excluded from debate by a combination of systematic exclusion, (for example, no recognised institutional email address, no way to post upon such as arxi.org), and a deliberate policy of teaching students to address any external input to a debate by using terms such as pseudo science and often very demeaning language. Aggressive negativity is being taught as a way of exclusion; with deep fear of such aggressive negative exclusion being the end product. Today, science is trying to defend what is, indefensible.

      Rather than teach to read and understand, science has been reduced to a new form of the Milgram experiment, where a figure of authority expects the student to apply rigorous negativity to any new input that may depreciate the teachers knowledge base. Instead of electric shocks, we get at the least, very bad language from someone, in what must now be seen as being in an agentic state. "Milgram suggested that two things must be in place for a person to enter the agentic state: The person giving the orders is perceived as being qualified to direct other people’s behavior. That is, they are seen as legitimate. The person being ordered about is able to believe that the authority will accept responsibility for what happens." https://www.simplypsychology.org/milgram.html

      Thus today it is quite normal for any none scientist original thinker to be presented with such deliberate negativity. A good example is this recent comment: "I hope nobody wastes their money on this book. It is filled with such absolute nonsense that I sadly have to think Chris Coles suffers with some sort of learning disability to be able to write it. Please do take a look inside on Amazon before even considering buying it, you will also see it is mumbo jumbo of the highest order..." https://www.amazon.co.uk/product-reviews/099283743X/ref=acr_search_see_all?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=1

      But this is not a debate, we are now within what is fast becoming a classic revolution. A classic example of schumpeter's creative destruction and the deeper problem for science is that unless a substantial figure steps forward to set into motion a real debate about these deep problems within science, there must be the potential for the complete collapse of credibility for major institutions. For this debate will not go away. There is now much too much evidence, some now long ago presented and deliberately excluded, that an expanding universe based upon the foundation of big bang is unworkable.

      Using indefensible teaching methods to suppress debate about new thinking has brought science into a desperate situation; where a revolution that will, inevitably, sweep many into complete disrepute and destroy reputations, even those seemed to be of the highest order; is now long overdue.

      Who will step forward to lead will forever define the direction; open debate will lead to a renewal; continued suppression will only bring a heavy defeat from an inevitable revolution that will sweep many into the dustbin of history.

    103. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow. These guys don't know who they're messing with. Are you really as wonderful as they say? Once a man is smart enough to use his opinion of himself rather than the facts, there's nothing he can't accomplish, at least on the web.

    104. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      If the "electric universe" theories (although "idle speculations" might be a better term) had any
      significant evidence to support them, there would be more interest in it.
      Certainly the quoted studies are entirely irrelevant to the claims of the "electric universe" loonies.

      Oh, and just to be clear, "Fluctuating Matter" is a sock-puppet for the notorious crackpot "Chris Reeves", right?

    105. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Answer the fucking question dumbass.

    106. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Sigh. Chiropractic techniques are real and work... for treating back pain in some patients. That does not mean, however, that chiropractors can treat cancer by correcting "subluxations" of the spine.

    107. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And how do you suggest that we test such an idea?

      You could partially fill up a bathtub with water and then open the drain.

    108. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      Your arguments make an electric universe no more likely than Intelligent Falling. Criticism of science in no way enhances the credibility of your theory.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    109. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      "Stuff some guy said" is not citing a scientific source. A published paper is - most published papers are probably wrong these days, but at least they have some semblance of sanity and connection to reality.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    110. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by lgw · · Score: 1

      Most gold mines lose money. It's a terrible business.

      Attacking science in general, or pointing out "controversy" is in no way evidence that your theory is right. It's just as likely to be Intelligent Falling.

      You need to make testable predictions that differ from the current model. Merely telling a different story with the same ending has no scientific value. You need a concrete statement of "current theories don't explain X well, but Y does, and Y predicts Z". All I heard is from EU crackpots is that they don't subjectively like the way the current model explains some set of things, and have a different story that explains the same things. That doesn't go far enough to even be science.

      --
      Socialism: a lie told by totalitarians and believed by fools.
    111. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And when someone tries to break the decadence, you complain at them why?

    112. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by BadDreamer · · Score: 1

      Those are missing because they are irrelevant. What matters is what works.

      And that is why you should learn physics. Because then you have the tools to evaluate what works.

    113. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Puff_Of_Hot_Air · · Score: 1
      So linking to "non journal" articles is now somehow a problem is it? This French CEA organisation looks legitimate and non-controversial. The arxiv link is from Dr. Elmo Tempel, who looks like a legitimate cosmologist. The futurism link is just talking about some research from Damien Hutsemékers "senior researcher at the FRS-FNRS in the “Extragalactic astrophysics and space observation” unit (AEOS) at ULg". So which link, exactly, did you find objectionable? The content in which of these articles was somehow "non-scientific"?

      I repeat, not one of these links talks about electricity in space, or plasma filaments, or whatever it is that seems to upset everyone. They just appear to be talking about some kind of galactic rotational alignment that was unexpected. Which is interesting dammit! How is that not interesting? Who cares if it's :"laminar infall of gas from sheets to filaments" or really sneaky space monkeys?

    114. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Except the amount of matter needed to create the gravity is magnitudes greater.
      If I were to surmise the dark-matter (which has been falisfied, guys) - it account for about 99% of the missing "mass" in the universe.
      So when you consider that as a force, electro-magnetism is many orders of magnitude more powerful, it would make up for the missing mass, and therefore, the missing gravity may well be electromagnetism.

      dark-matter was only ever meant to be a place-holder for something we're observing, but couldn't identify the source - this sounds like a perfectly rational source. So as with all good science based on theory - and sadly we only have observation to verify theory - this doesn't make it fact - then we must apply the same thinking to "electricity in space" - and what effect it might have. We have to acknowledge through observation and measurement what the findings are - and from that, we can theorise the consequences. I predict (without any proof, theory, or observation!) that we've just found the true source of "dark matter". Prove me wrong!

      Science should be imperical. Therefore, when reading a little deeper into this, I can find there's plasma research that's quite compelling. There's even a guy who claims to have mapped Birkeland currents structure - and that in turn would explain how electricity / magnetism could remain coherent over cosmological distances. Hence, something backing up what we're observing and measuring - but the plot thickens, because in the same sense, he maintains that plasma experiments scale over orders of magnitude - and this has made it possible to re-create effects with plasma that we are observing in the universe.

      I don't think I'm ready t be quite as dismissive as some of the responders. I think this really needs to be looked at more carefully, before we go and throw the baby out with the bath water.

    115. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Re: "I don't see the falsifying data"

      The text below the image explains quite clearly why the observed image is actually falsifying data. The link provided says:

      "In 2002, two astronomers at La Palma took spectra of the galaxies and the connecting filament. They not only confirmed the discrepancy in redshifts of the galaxies but also discovered that the two quasar-like objects embedded in the filament (objects 2 and 3) have even greater discrepancies in redshift. If redshift indicated distance, the small objects would be 7 and 11 times farther away than NGC 7603. To dismiss this alignment as coincidence is to breathe sand."

      Again, that's 7 and 11 *times* farther away according to Big Bang assumptions, but instead the image shows the four objects clearly interconnected.

      Re: "For this to mean anything data from one of the survey instruments needs to be analyzed to see if overlaps like this happen more often than would be expected randomly (including lensing). Its not a difficult analysis, but someone has to take the time to do it. There is some data in public domain. An interested person an analyze and publish."

      If you had read the paper provided above, the first paragraphs explains one of the many ways in which the analysis you are suggesting has actually been done already, obtaining results that falsify the Big Bang Theory:

      "The first question that needs to be answered in a review of anomalous redshift data is, “What is the statistical significance of the samples being cited?” Put another way; are anomalous redshift associations not in fact just extremely rare events that can be written off to chance alignments and optical illusion? This was for decades the criticism levelled particularly at the observational work of Halton Arp, so I will let him answer it (from his paper with Chris Fulton, 2008):
      “Fulton & Arp have analyzed the positions, redshifts, and magnitudes of ~118,000 galaxies and ~25,000 quasars in the 2dF deep field. The examination of individual samples revealed concentrations of high z galaxies and quasars near galaxies. A natural extension of the analysis was to determine the average densities of objects over the survey area as a whole.”

      Those are quite a few galaxies and quasars, I would say.

      Now this is the really the last one from my side, good luck!

    116. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      Which paper has statistics? (can you post the link). The original one doesn't have any statistical analysis that I can find. There are lots of objects so there will be lots of cases where distant objects seen to be in line with near ones.

      How can this explain the correlation of supernova brightness with redshift https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/l...

      or gravitational lensing of distant quasars by nearby galaxies.

      Or gravitational lensing of the CMB background?

      Its a fun discussion why stop now?

    117. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      Haven't played much sports, have you...

      --
      deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
    118. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1

      You're 100% correct. I erroneously assumed the linked articles were in support of the argument and inferred conclusion he made along with them... It was a finger-twitch move after clicking several other links of his that were bullshit opinion pieces rife with bad conclusions.

      The articles are good. They just don't support his assertion.

    119. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Because there is an observable bias in the tech community against electricity in space -- and if you look at the nature of the rebuttals that are being put forward, it's easy to see that the rejections generally do not base upon the technical merits. There is a sense that people feel a bit too strongly that electricity in space cannot do anything of any importance, in the light of their refusal to actually learn the details of the debate. This has been going on for a very long time now, and these strong feelings are increasingly out-of-sync with the actual observational trends.

    120. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "It's a lot like claiming your theory about perpetual motion cars has been vindicated because you slightly miscalculated your car's fuel economy."

      This really seems quite unfair. All you've done is misstated the breadth of the claims. There were 10 main points presented in the first comment, so what does it mean that people are so enthusiastic when somebody misstates the breadth of the presented argument?

    121. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "Ok explain to me how the electric universe works on materials that are not magnetic. Gravity works on everything that has mass. Take me same physics problem and explain how it works on non ionized carbon."

      You seem to be asking how electric forces at the largest scales can influence the structure of the universe, even when we are talking about neutral matter.

      If you've played with an electrostatic lifter, then you basically already know the answer to this question: The air in the atmosphere is of course an insulator, yet the application of an electric field induces a movement of this neutral air such that it can temporarily raise the lifter.

      So, what is going on there? What appears to be happening is that the movement of the charged particles is exerting a drag upon the neutrals. In the plasma laboratory, you may see this mentioned as an "ion sump" or part of a larger process known as "Marklund convection". There would seem to be little discussion of this phenomenon in astrophysics circles, yet notice this observation from Herschel:

      the material along filaments is not at all static: astronomers have detected what appear to be accretion flows, with the most prominent filaments drawing matter from their surroundings through a network of smaller filaments.

      At the point where we are talking about a complex field of accretions along filaments, it's important to realize that we have really strayed rather far from the original idea of gravitational accretion, as it was portrayed within the textbooks; and people need to be cognizant of the tendency to push parameters in simulations towards unrealistic numbers, in order to replicate these observations with gravity.

      It's worth noting, further, that plasma is widely acknowledged as the most common state for matter. It's important to never forget this even as you observe radio astronomers discussing neutral HI filaments. The instruments detect the neutral matter, but this should not be confused as meaning that this region is dominated -- either in terms of its forces or by the percentage of matter present -- by neutral matter. The Marklund convection process can easily explain why the cores of these electrodynamic plasma filaments should be neutral, and it is arguably a better fit for the morphology of these accretion fields revealed by the Herschel observations.

    122. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      The map is not the territory. You've devised a test for the analogy which says nothing about its application.

    123. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "You need to make testable predictions that differ from the current model."

      There are many examples of observations at the level of planetary --> intergalactic scales which are expected in an electrical cosmology, but not in a gravitational one (and realize that it is acknowledged that gravity dominates at the smaller scales). To give a few examples ...

      1. The failure of the solar wind to appreciably decelerate even as it passes the Earth's orbit. In the laboratory, we accelerate charged particles with an electric field. Basic physics is suggestive of the idea that the Sun is the center of an electric field, and it extends outwards to the heliopause.

      2. The fact that galactic rotation curves are easily produced by modeling the cosmic plasma as laboratory plasma. The reason it is so is because the spiral arms trace out electric currents. Very simple physics compared to the dark matter conjecture. In fact, Winston Bostick produced spiral galaxy forms in the plasma laboratory many, many years ago, and Anthony Peratt created his supercomputer simulations as a reaction to that former experimental work.

      3. The CMB itself can be argued to be evidence for electric currents in space, because

      "High-power microwave generation on earth belongs exclusively to devices using relativistic electron beams ... A relativistic electron beam that does not produce microwave radiation is unknown. These same basic mechanisms are likely to have their natural analogs in cosmic plasmas."

      As for the unexpected bell-curve shape of this signal, it could very well result from the signal passing through the heliopause, but even if that proves to be problematic, it's not at all scientific to rush to judge that this is evidence for a creation event.

      4. The layering of the ionosphere is evidence that the Earth has a net charge to it. Why? Because we can do the experiment in the laboratory: Set up a metal sphere in a vacuum, and pump it full of charge until the charge density becomes very high. What happens? Layering of charge. These are actually called double layers in the plasma laboratory, and they are recognized as electrodynamic phenomena (which is likely why astrophysicists have so far refused to catalog double layers as astrophysical entities, even though they've been observed in the Van Allen radiation belts).

      5. The Earth is observed to electrically interact with the Sun every 8 minutes. You didn't recognize this as an electric current because the scientists called it either a "magnetic portal" or a "flux transfer event", but it is obvious that the magnetic field is caused by an electric current. What we've yet to see any acknowledgement of from mainstream scientists is that these discharges every 8 minutes might be acting as a feedback which stabilizes our solar system.

      6. The Cassini spacecraft was struck in 2005 by an electric current from Hyperion, even though it was a full 1,200 miles away from the small object.

      during a 2005 flyby of Saturn's moon Hyperion, the spacecraft was briefly bathed in a beam of electrons coming from the moon's electrostatically charged surface

      The scientists referred to it as an "electrostatic shock", but this was an obvious violation of Debye screening, which should have limited the electrostatic discharges in this region to 10 meters. Incidentally, the researchers sat on the news of this event for a full 9 years before reporting it to the public.

      In each case, we see something happening which is expected for electricity in space, but u

    124. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      One perfectly legitimate way to explain why it is rare that outsiders of a well-established field can make major contributions is with gatekeeping. In fact, that is exactly one of the points made by Dr. Gerald Pollack of the University of Washington.

      Cellular and Molecular Biology 51, 815-820 (2005)
      Revitalizing Science In A Risk-averse Culture: Reflections On The Syndrome And Prescriptions For Its Cure G.H. Pollack

      ... A half-century ago, breakthroughs were fairly common events that could be counted on to occur from time to time on an unpredictable but not infrequent basis. Pioneering such breakthroughs were scientific heroes -- legendary figures such as Linus Pauling, Jonas Salk, Richard Feynman, James Watson, Francis Crick, and others, names familiar even to lay people ...

      But things have changed. While the past 30 years have brought a great outpouring of scientific results, breakthroughs are less common. Modern equivalents of Pauling, Salk, and Watson-Crick are not easy to identify. Considering the massive investment in science today, why is it that scientific heroes have become so scarce? Why so few conceptual breakthroughs? I refer to realized breakthroughs such as the biochemical nature of heredity or the polio vaccine, not incipient breakthroughs whose realization seems always just around the corner. Can you name more than a handful of realized breakthroughs that have come during the past three decades?

      Some argue that this settling down is all but inevitable. After all, science today is far more complicated than it has been, often requiring teams of investigators and large groups to pursue effectively. Others argue that there is simply not much more to be discovered -- that the breakthroughs have had their heyday and we need content ourselves with merely filling in the gaps. Thus, breakthroughs might not be expected to occur on an everyday basis.

      Perhaps some of this is true -- but a significant role may also be played by another factor: the growing aversion to risk taking. Although funding agencies have much to be proud of for past achievements, it is broadly perceived that they have become less agile in dealing with proposals that dissent from orthodoxy...

      Challengers of the status quo rarely succeed in today’s scientific climate. Hence, those approaches most apt to generate conceptual breakthroughs are throttled before they can emerge from the scientific womb.

      The funding agencies worldwide are aware of this problem. Several agencies have held recent workshops to deal with the issue, and some measures have been taken over and above existing remedial programs. In the US, for example, the term 'high risk' now permeates review guidelines. And, both the NSF and the NIH have established special programs to encourage novel approaches ...

      These institutional responses acknowledge the problem. Yet, it is broadly felt that the responses are nominal. Few dissenters from orthodoxy report any more success than before. The reviewers are largely the same, and have not abruptly changed their well-honed views. Admonishing them to be 'less conservative' comes with no guarantee that they will be. Thus, effective action has yet to be taken.

    125. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      We know a LOT more about the universe than we did 50 years ago. (That darn well better be the case for the billions we have spent on basic science). When we have the right answers, breakthroughs are going to be uncommon.

        When I was a grad student, astrophysics data was pretty thin and there were lots of discoveries to be made: inflation, dark matter, dark energy, quasar engines, etc etc. Now we have done all the "easy" observations that anyone can think of, so new data is very expensive. If anyone can think of a new way to make astrophysical measurements, I'm all ears. (or eyes, or whatever appendage is appropriate).

      I think the place to look for breakthroughs is in new science, not fields that have been extensively studied like astrophysics.People are doing laboratory scale experiments in quantum entanglement for example, so some breakthrough there is quite possible. Gene sequencing is providing a new set of data for evolution science, paleontology and human origins. Improvements in computation are benefiting a variety of fields. Young scientists are strongly encouraged to get into these fields.

      What is not going to work is for people to try to make "breakthroughs" in fields where vast amounts of effort have already been spend, unless they are willing to put in the time to understand what is already know. Over lunch I was laughing with a colleague about how completely absurd the idea was that the universe isn't expanding - it is supported by such a huge wealth of data. At the very least, how could someone explain the supernova red-shift data without cosmological expansion?

      I do agree with you that science has become very risk adverse. The problem is that the experiments have become so expensive that governments are worried about looking bad if they fail. Imagine he news media having a field day with a government project that spent a billion dollars and failed to measure anything new.

    126. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      On the importance of learning the context of science ...

      The Golem: What You Should Know About Science
      Collins / Pinch

      citizens as citizens need understand only controversial science. One reviewer argues: 'it is quite easy to think of political science. One reviewer argues: 'it is quite easy to think of political decisions with a scientific side to them where the science is noncontroversial' and offers as an example the effect on medical institutions of the development of a predictive test for Huntingdon's disease. But if the science is non-controversial, why do those running the medical institutions need to understand the deep nature of the science that gave rise to the results? If the test is uncontroversially valid they can make their decisions without understanding how agreement about the test was reached. Thus, while thanking our reviewers for the many generous comments about the importance, the informativeness, and they style of the book, we stand by our claim that 'For citizens who want to take part in the democratic processes of a technological society, all the science they need to know about is controversial.' For this purpose, The Golem represents science properly ...

      Science and the citizen

      The debate about the public understanding of science is equally confounded by confusion over method and content. What should be explained is methods of science, but what most people concerned with the issues want the public to know about is the truth about the natural world -- that is, what the powerful believe to be the truth about the natural world. The laudable reason for concern with public understanding is that scientific and technological issues figure more and more in the political process. Citizens, when they vote, need to know enough to come to some decision about whether they prefer more coal mines or more nuclear power stations, more corn or clearer rivers, more tortured animals or more healthy children, or whether these really are the choices. Perhaps there are novel solutions: wave power, organic farming, drug testing without torture. The 'public understanders', as we might call them, seem to think that if the person in the street knows more science -- as opposed to more about science -- they will be able to make more sensible decisions about these things ...

      How strange that they should think this; it ranks among the great fallacies of our age. Why? -- because PhDs and professors are found on all sides in these debates. The arguments have largely been invented in universities. Thus, all sides have expertise way beyond what can ever be hoped of the person in the street, and all sides know how to argue their case clearly and without obvious fallacies. Why such debates are unresolvable, in spite of all this expertise, is what we have tried to show in the descriptive chapters of this book. That is, we have shown that scientists at the research front cannot settle their deep disagreements through better experimentation, more knowledge, more advanced theories, or clearer thinking. It is ridiculous to expect the general public to do better ...

      We agree with the public understanders that the citizen needs to be informed enough to vote on technical issues, but the information needed is not about the content of science; it is about the relationship of experts to politicians, to the media, and to the rest of us. The citizen has great experience in the matter of how to cope with divided expertise -- isn't this what party politics is? What the citizen cannot do is cope with divided expertise pretending to be something else. Instead of one question -- 'Who to believe?' -- there are two questions -- 'Who to believe?' and 'Are scientists and technologists Gods or charlatans?'. The second question is what makes the whole debate so unstable because, as we have argued, there are only two positions available ...

    127. Re: An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Tracking controversies does not imply that a person is "obsessed" with them, and when somebody demonstrates with a large number of examples that the tech community has a bias against electricity in space, they are hardly "ranting". If the science journalists were reporting on this subject in the properly objective manner, these ideas would have been mainstream many years ago.

    128. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Convincing

    129. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Galactic rotations is but one of the issues that Dart Matter needs to address. Come back to us when you can explain the observed gravitational lensing.

    130. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      thunderbolts talks about some really whack shit. Some of what they say is within my layman's ability to believe, much of what they say is strait from crazyville. Using them as a source, you may as well start talking about how Elvis was abducted.

    131. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by quax · · Score: 1

      lol

      Not my job to do your homework for you.

    132. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by BadDreamer · · Score: 1

      What you cite here supports what I state, not what you state.

      "What should be explained is methods of science, but what most people concerned with the issues want the public to know about is the truth about the natural world -- that is, what the powerful believe to be the truth about the natural world."

      Yet you are stuck in trying to be the powerful, talking over others to enforce what you believe to be the truth. You are peddling dogma, and falsely accuse those who try to understand reality of also peddling dogma.

      Instead you should learn - and teach - methods of science.

      Read what you quote next time. Just a tip. You're doing exactly what you're quoting as the wrong thing to do, and you claim that the right thing to do - based on your quotes - is "studying one side".

      Your mind is stuck in treating understanding of reality as a clash of dogma. That means that if you win, all you have done is backed human understanding into a corner of dogma.

    133. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Puff_Of_Hot_Air · · Score: 1
      The poster of the links under discussion was mikael (484). He seems to be a generally thoughtful well measured poster. Not "Chris Reeve", who I assume is the person you have issue with.

      I don't know enough about physics to know if there was any merit in mikael's comment that "electromagnetism" might be responsible for alignment (is it even worth considering?). Sadly the physicists only responded to the conspiracy guy, so no informative feedback. In my memory, Slashdot used to be different, but perhaps it was always thus.

    134. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      These "fudge factors" fit the data with way more than 5 sigmas. Inflation is currently being observed. Kind of difficult for most people to ignore stars moving away from us faster than the speed of light. But hey, Relativity is also to be replaced with electric universe theory? And the whole Dark Matter issue. You completely ignore data that nearly perfectly matches the theory, but then propose theories that do not match any modern data. WTF?

      There are three big issues that discredit(not even talking about disproving) Electric Universe theory from what I've seen
      1) It cherry picks data. Anything that supports it is "proof" and anything that doesn't is explained by some other orthogonal theory. Except none of these other theories are considered valid either.
      2) Seems to have no predictive power. I only ever see a) Gravity is wrong b) ??? c) Galaxy is stabilized
      3) Loves old data that has error bars large enough to include itself, while disregarding modern more precise measurements. Data about X phenomena from 30 years ago suggests that this may be correct... Yeah, what about the new version of that data that has error bars tight enough to no longer need Electric Universe theory?

      None of what I'm talking about is disproof of Electric Universe, just talking about how crazy the people who love it sound. I've read and watched a bunch about the Electric Universe because it sounded so interesting... at first. After a while they started to sound like the ramblings of my uncle who was incredibly smart, but burned out on hard drugs and lost his grip with reality. I admit, it's a very creative view, but it has no substance. I've never seen anything talking about the mechanisms and no predictions other than generalized predictions and hand waving.

      And not to frame all Electric Universe believers in the same way, but many of them say preposterous stuff like "Relativity is a conspiracy" or "Gravity doesn't exist". A very high proportion seem to be on this level. The theory and the people seems to attract "others" like this. I'm just saying it makes it very difficult to take anything being said seriously.

    135. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      The way that cosmology -- and scientific frameworks more generally -- have traditionally operated is that there is a solid foundation of claims which are then supplemented by a variety of -- hopefully peripheral -- conjectures and speculations. To the extent that people think that they can throw away the entire framework (e.g., the core claim that electricity dominates at the larger scales) because of the less supported conjectures and speculations (e.g., Wal Thornhill's suggestion that electrons have structure), you are actually diverging from the established tradition of scientific frameworks. We need to allow theorists some room to propose conjectures, because some of them will end up as actual hypotheses or theories.

      There is of course no shortage in mainstream cosmology of unsupported wacky ideas. Countless articles and papers have been written on these questionable topics, but they do not by themselves discount the core claim that gravity might dominate at all scales. The speculations can only be judged as possibly problematic if the solid parts of the theories somehow rest upon the weaker conjectures, as a necessary support.

    136. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "These "fudge factors" fit the data with way more than 5 sigmas."

      Absolutely meaningless. You are referring to accuracy and precision when the debate is actually over the interpretation of the physical mechanism.

      Re: "Inflation is currently being observed."

      Absolutely incorrect. Edwin Hubble was never persuaded, and one of his protege's, Halton Arp, was able to fill a couple of books with all of the exceptions to the assumption that redshift can only have one explanation. Here is a short list of Arp's vindications:

      (1) Alignment of quasar minor axes (vindication of Arp ejection model)

      (2) Numerous apparent interactions of objects of wildly different redshifts (not possible with Big Bang, vindication of Arp)

      (3) Numerous instances where high-redshift quasars appear aligned with the axes of low-redshift "foreground" galaxies (statistics indicate this occurs far too often for a strict recession velocity interpretation of redshift)

      (4) Intervening galaxies are 4 times more prevalent along lines of sight to GRB's than quasars (shouldn't happen if quasars are at extreme distances)

      (5) Quasars seemingly observed in front of foreground galaxies (has led to mainstream invocation of transparent sightlines through galactic bulges)

      (6) A quasar that exhibits 10x superluminal motions at inferred distance (this is merely the worst case, but the most common examples of this are 2x superluminal; requires invocation of Relativity illusion)

      (7) A quasar group so large that it spans 5% of the known universe at inferred distance (not expected from Big Bang theory because it's a violation of the Cosmological Principle that says that the universe is uniform)

      (8) No observation of time dilation in quasar variations (no explanation has been accepted, to my knowledge)

      (9) Quasars have been shown to exhibit proper motion (should not be possible at extreme inferred distances, and was once considered a rule for differentiating galactic from extragalactic objects)

      (10) Quasar clustering (not expected from Big Bang theory because it's a violation of the Cosmological Principle that says that the universe is uniform)

      (11) The Burbidges, Karlsson, the Bamothy's, Depaquit, Peeker and Vigier have all agreed with Halton Arp that there are preferred values for redshift, and numerous investigators have attempted to disprove it only to find the effect in their own dataset (Disproves the Big Bang's recession velocity interpretation for redshift)

      Re: "And the whole Dark Matter issue. You completely ignore data that nearly perfectly matches the theory, but then propose theories that do not match any modern data."

      The facts:

      (1) Dark matter remains hypothetical; it has never been identified, and yet we are told it must represent a significant fraction of the total universe.

      (2) Dark matter instruments have increased in sensitivity by a million times over the past 15 years, yet none has been found.

      (3) Galactic rotation curves were produced by plasma physicist Anthony Peratt on government supercomputers in the early 80's by simply modeling the cosmic plasma as laboratory plasmas (capable of holding E-fields and transmitting electrical currents). Those simulations were based upon earlier laboratory work by Winston Bostick which showed the same spiral galaxy forms.

      Your statement is a complete mischaracterization of the situation.

      Re: "Seems to have no predictive power. I only ever see a) Gravity is wrong b) ??? c) Galaxy is stabilized"

      The argument which has been put forward is that gravity is simply a localized force, and does not dominate at the larger scales. This would seem to be a reasonable assessment when you consider the actual distances between stars. If the Earth was just an inch from the Sun, then the next nearest star would typically be about 4 miles away. Put into these terms, it seems extremely unlikely that gravity can ever bridge these vast distances.

      Re: "what about the new version of

    137. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1

      Again, spot on. Embarrassing. Thanks for pointing it out

    138. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "I think the place to look for breakthroughs is in new science, not fields that have been extensively studied like astrophysics.People are doing laboratory scale experiments in quantum entanglement for example, so some breakthrough there is quite possible."

      ... problem being that we already know that there exist contradictions between some of the established disciplines (large and small scale theories), so the recipe you've provided us with here does not address the possibility of mistakes existing within one of these two domains.

      Re: "Over lunch I was laughing with a colleague about how completely absurd the idea was that the universe isn't expanding - it is supported by such a huge wealth of data. At the very least, how could someone explain the supernova red-shift data without cosmological expansion?"

      Vindications for Halton Arp which he discusses within his two books (Seeing Red and Quasars, Redshifts, and Controversies), where he goes into great detail about why quasars are not at their redshift-inferred distances:

      (1) Alignment of quasar minor axes (vindication of Arp ejection model)

      (2) Numerous apparent interactions of objects of wildly different redshifts (not possible with Big Bang, vindication of Arp)

      (3) Numerous instances where high-redshift quasars appear aligned with the axes of low-redshift "foreground" galaxies (statistics indicate this occurs far too often for a strict recession velocity interpretation of redshift)

      (4) Intervening galaxies are 4 times more prevalent along lines of sight to GRB's than quasars (shouldn't happen if quasars are at extreme distances)

      (5) Quasars seemingly observed in front of foreground galaxies (has led to mainstream invocation of transparent sightlines through galactic bulges)

      (6) A quasar that exhibits 10x superluminal motions at inferred distance (this is merely the worst case, but the most common examples of this are 2x superluminal; requires invocation of Relativity illusion)

      (7) A quasar group so large that it spans 5% of the known universe at inferred distance (not expected from Big Bang theory because it's a violation of the Cosmological Principle that says that the universe is uniform)

      (8) No observation of time dilation in quasar variations (no explanation has been accepted, to my knowledge)

      (9) Quasars have been shown to exhibit proper motion! (should not be possible at extreme inferred distances, and was once considered a rule for differentiating galactic from extragalactic objects)

      (10) Quasar clustering (not expected from Big Bang theory because it's a violation of the Cosmological Principle that says that the universe is uniform)

      (11) The Burbidges, Karlsson, the Bamothy's, Depaquit, Peeker and Vigier have all agreed with Halton Arp that there are preferred values for redshift, and numerous investigators have attempted to disprove it only to find the effect in their own dataset (Disproves the Big Bang's recession velocity interpretation for redshift)

    139. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by DamnOregonian · · Score: 1
      To answer the is it even worth considering question, though- of course it is. And it has been, at great lengths. And plasma physics play a huge role in even standard cosmology. They just don't play a huge role in large-scale cosmology. It's a novel idea, but it's been beaten like a dead horse, and all serious proponents of it disembarked that ship decades ago. The people left blowing the horn are quacks who refuse to be wrong (not even that standard cosmology is "right", mind you- plasma cosmology is simply less right.)
      Plasma cosmology would make cool sci-fi. Unfortunately, there's no big magical electrode at the center of our sun. It's just a bunch of gravitationally collapsed gas, as predicted by the models.
      Much ado is made about things like a hotter corona than photosphere, and that is morphed by people who are ignorant to prove that the thing can't be internally heated. The density of the photosphere vs. the density of the corona makes it no surprise that the corona is millions of degrees while the photosphere is not. The exact method may not be known- but it's hardly strange. Almost all of plasma cosmology is based on small problems with mainstream cosmology that they take to be "deal breakers" but aren't. They're just unknowns. The model still fits very well.

      In response to Mikael- conservation of angular momentum is the most likely reason for alignment, and that is also not weird, so while the person who responded to him was being condescending- there was something of value in it- the correct assertion to make from those scientific papers, vs. the wrong assertion that Mikael made:

      Gravity can pull objects together, but it takes electromagnetism to get them to align together. That would suggest electric fields and currents.

      The logic there is wrong. Because gravity cannot align something does not mean electric fields and currents must. It doesn't suggest electric fields and currents- it suggests *something*.

      Ultimately- you're right though. A lot of people are being dicks. It can be frustrated to deal with people who ardently defend pseudoscience, because you end up playing the game where you're just beating down strawmen and logic arguments all day. They want you to prove them wrong, which is difficult. We fall into the trap of trying to prove them wrong, when we should be pointing out that the onus is on them to prove us wrong. Our model is the one that works, theirs is the one struggling for acceptance.

    140. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      You're adopting a very limited view of the word "methods" that is not in line with what these two sociologists are referring to. The point of the text is to describe the social and evidential processes of science by looking at what they call disputed science.

      A review of even just the Amazon reviews would have clarified this. For example:

      "The cases laid out by the authors demonstrate how much science and scientific results can be hidden under personal interests, believes (superstition is a better word), wishes and inaccuracy. One example is the "proof" of Einstein's gravitaion theory by Sir Arthur Eddington by systematically dismissing data in conflict with the theory."

      Re: "You're doing exactly what you're quoting as the wrong thing to do, and you claim that the right thing to do - based on your quotes - is "studying one side"."

      I absolutely do NOT recommend shutting out arguments from any side. What I am proposing is the construction of a social network where information about scientific controversies can over time be aggregated with crowdsourcing. I've recently described the details of this social network I'm advocating for in an article titled Tracking Scientific Controversies.

      Constructing such a social network is not in the least equivalent to arguing that one side should be ignored. As the situation stands, academia implies that certain questions should no longer be asked because they are considered "settled science". What I'm arguing is that the public can participate in scientific discourse as a check upon scientific authority by double-checking that their "settled" science is indeed settled. The way we do this is to check for vindications over time of these supposedly settled science claims -- a process which benefits from a diverse crowd (which means that the public can be better at this than the scientific community).

      What I am reporting to you right now is that I have been practicing this method for a full decade now for this Electric Universe debate, and what I have found is that you are not being properly informed by science journalists. There have been many vindications and completely legitimate explanations which have not been reported to the public. If you had been tracking the EU with me, you'd know of them. I'm trying to report them to you, and doing so does not in any way suggest that you should only pay attention to one side of the debate.

      To the extent that a person only pays attention to one side of a debate, they become subject to it. Once we make a conscious decision to track controversies over time -- which is of course easier if we have help from a community -- then this helps us to treat each side of the debate as an object. The premise of my social network design is that we can actually make people smarter by helping them to make this subject-object transition. If you go to any International Baccalaureate-level high school literature class, that is exactly what you will find the teachers instructing the students how to do: They are inviting the students to interpret the text from competing worldviews. But, notice the problem: Science instruction completely lacks a similar tradition -- and so what we end up with, whenever somebody criticizes modern science in some manner, is an angry mob which defends the claims of science for the very reason that these students have not been trained to transition from subject to object.

      The mistake you are making here is to interpret the presentation of critique and competing claims as inherently one-sided. But, the whole point of critique is to make us smarter and wiser about our current worldview, and to provide the possibility for change. It's to replace one single thought with two or more. When we learn about critique and competing ideas, we think at a higher level for the very reason that we stop being subject to the information we've b

    141. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by BadDreamer · · Score: 1

      A "social network". Indeed.

      Seriously, bugged off with that.

      What works, works, and no "social network" will change that.

      "(which means that the public can be better at this than the scientific community)."

      Crazy. You're a loonie, and the longer your crazy notions remain marginalized, the better.

      You'd be better served by learning what this all is about instead of speaking garbage about how "social networks" will change how we perceive reality. They won't.

      What will change our worldview is WHAT WORKS, and no social network (and absolutely not the public - or people like you who have no idea about physics) will help with that.

      Seriously. This was some of the worst garbage I have ever read. Words can not express my contempt for your line of reasoning.

    142. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "To answer the is it even worth considering question, though- of course it is. And it has been, at great lengths. And plasma physics play a huge role in even standard cosmology. They just don't play a huge role in large-scale cosmology."

      Let me give you a very simple example which I hope you will recognize as an earnest attempt to demonstrate how difficult it is to judge vindications when we are not actively tracking scientific controversies.

      Today, for the first time, I noticed that a couple of galaxy artists were suddenly drawing the Milky Way's galactic bulge as a pair, as if a memo went out (which I missed). I had never before noticed this, but having learned about Anthony Peratt's galactic simulation as a pair of rotating Birkeland currents, I immediately tuned into this pattern.

      To somebody who has not paid any attention to Peratt's simulation, the explanation offered in a July 2016 article would seem good enough to assume the issue is basically settled:

      Many disc galaxies, including our own Milky Way, have a central bulge that resembles either a box or an unshelled peanut. This bulge may form when the circular orbits of stars become elongated, creating a “bar” of stars that runs through the centre and tilts out of the disc’s plane. The combined effect makes the once-flat galaxy look like it has buckled under enormous pressure.

      But, hold on just a second. This is a completely ad hoc explanation. Although I have no doubt that somebody somewhere can generate a tweak to the original galactic models -- perhaps involving dark matter -- which can explain with actual numbers why this may occur in the conventional model, the fact of the matter is that this is a completely expected feature when you are modeling a galaxy as an interaction of two Birkeland currents. -- and the choice to refuse to systematically track the Electric Universe controversy has left everybody failing to recognize that this actually vindicates the against-the-mainstream claim.

      You think that's just a coincidence? Okay, let's go back a few days to the release of these new pictures from the Juno spacecraft of one of Jupiter's poles in infrared. The article states:

      Jupiter’s poles are a stark contrast to the more familiar orange and white belts and zones encircling the planet at lower latitudes. Its north pole is dominated by a central cyclone surrounded by eight circumpolar cyclones with diameters ranging from 2,500 to 2,900 miles (4,000 to 4,600 kilometers) across. Jupiter’s south pole also contains a central cyclone, but it is surrounded by five cyclones with diameters ranging from 3,500 to 4,300 miles (5,600 to 7,000 kilometers) in diameter. Almost all the polar cyclones, at both poles, are so densely packed that their spiral arms come in contact with adjacent cyclones. However, as tightly spaced as the cyclones are, they have remained distinct, with individual morphologies over the seven months of observations detailed in the paper.

      “The question is, why do they not merge?” said Adriani. “We know with Cassini data that Saturn has a single cyclonic vortex at each pole. We are beginning to realize that not all gas giants are created equal.”

      Once again, I sprung into action because I have tracked Peratt's work sufficient to understand the inherent geometry of electricity over plasma. In his efforts to explain petroglyphs as z-pinch instab

    143. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      But, in science, we do not just settle for "what works" because epicycles also work; we have to identify "what works best" -- and the only way to do that in a rigorous manner is through tracking controversies. If academia -- and the people who subscribe to their preferred ideas -- want to have confidence that their preferred theories are "what works best", then they would focus more upon creating a system of checks-and-balances, in the spirit of the United States government. As things stand, there is nobody reviewing the peer reviewers, and that is a recipe for abuse.

      Guess what? I personally noticed two vindications for the Electric Universe just this week (one actually traces back to 2016 and I just didn't notice it when it happened). If you had been tracking the topic with me, you would have noticed them as well.

      I explain them in this other thread. Please read this to better appreciate with live, recent examples the importance of tracking controversies. I promise: I am not crazy. When the world convinces itself that nobody needs to pay attention to something, stuff starts to fall through the cracks.

    144. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      (6) A quasar that exhibits 10x superluminal motions at inferred distance (this is merely the worst case, but the most common examples of this are 2x superluminal; requires invocation of Relativity illusion)

      Observed "superluminal" speeds caused by quasars is due to a timing of light arrival trick of perspective. This same thing happens with super nova inside of shells of gas. What I'm talking about is why objects beyond the Hubble horizon are red shifted several factors beyond the speed of light. In other words, why is a 13.8bil year old Universe 45+ billion light years across? In the context of our debate, the "measured" size of the Universe may be controversial, but the red shift must be explained.

      The argument which has been put forward is that gravity is simply a localized force, and does not dominate at the larger scales. This would seem to be a reasonable assessment when you consider the actual distances between stars. If the Earth was just an inch from the Sun, then the next nearest star would typically be about 4 miles away. Put into these terms, it seems extremely unlikely that gravity can ever bridge these vast distances.

      LIGO predicted the white dwarf merger. Not only did it predict something that had never been witnessed before because they are so incredibly rare, but all of the measured results, like how long it took for the gravity waves to reach us, the amplitudes of the gravity waves, and many other parts of Relativity. This one data point pretty much says that gravity works at the cosmic scale exactly how Relativity predicts it. No MOND, and the gravitational lensing of where Dark Matter is predicted to be, must be explained. Electric Universe may not need Dark Matter, but the fact of the matter is that there is some massive gravitational lensing going on in the exactly locations where Dark Matter is predicted to be, and depending on how this question is answered will determine if it's compatible with the Electric Universe theory. It is directly dependent and must be solved first.

      As things are right now, the measured gravitational lensing matches the predicted mass and distribution for Dark Matter. The only thing currently known to bend space-time is energy, and if we're seeing the bending of N amount of energy, and that amount of energy fits predictions, and those predictions have no room for Electric Universe, you have a problem. Nothing is proven yet, but the outlook is grim. Create an answer for this problem that fits with Electric Universe, and you're good to go.

      Looks like a duck, quacks like a duck. I will assume it's a duck until proven wrong. But I will say that what's rational to one person is not always to the other. I can appreciate the effort. I've had my fair share of going against what everyone else was saying because I "knew" I was correct, and I pretty much was always vindicated because the proof is in the pudding. I love learning and I love being convinced. It's always very meta when someone changes my mind. As the saying goes, "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence".

    145. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      But, in science, we do not just settle for "what works" because epicycles also work; we have to identify "what works best" -- and the only way to do that in a rigorous manner through repeated observations and experiments.

      Fixed that for. The electric universe is complete bullshit because if utterly fails at both those things.

    146. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by Puff_Of_Hot_Air · · Score: 1

      Hey mate. I'm not sure you are entirely aware of this, but you come across as a bit nuts. I looked at your google plus thing (whatever it is, I'm not real social media savvy), and it just looks like you think every bit of science that's got an alternative hypothesis is both a) completely wrong, and b) trying to suppress any dissenting voice. I mean, tree ring dating, radiometric dating, evolution, the big bang, climate change, 9/11, electric universe, dark matter... I'm sure the list goes on. Everyone is wrong about everything. I'm sure all kinds of scientists are wrong about all kinds of things, but you're not stopping at just "these guys are possibly wrong", you carry on to "these guys are clearly wrong, have bad motives, and these other guys are the ones that are clearly right". Can't you see that is nuts? a) You can't possibly know if they are wrong without being an expert in the field itself and b) You can't possibly know that the other guys are right. And finally c) You can't possibly know the motives of the "consensus holders", and it seems a bit poor form to assume malicious intent. It's OK to not know stuff, and it's OK to form a contrarian opinion on a topic (dark matter just smells like a bodge to me, but I know nothing, so I stay silent), but to go on some sort of crusade from ignorance makes you look pretty foolish. "Even fools are thought wise if they keep silent, and discerning if they hold their tongues" Proverbs 17:28.

    147. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      1) Why is quasar alignment surprising when you have large scale inhomogeneties that eventually form large scale clusters? Gravity enhances statistical fluctuations in the original big bang, - this results in galactic clusters.

      2) "apparent" interactions needs to be shown with real statistics. Is there a paper- including gravitational lensing?

      3) Need a real statistical analysis. Not "numerous".

      4) Statistics? Quasars are known at large distances due to gravatational lensing from closer galaxies. What other explanation is there?

      5) Seemingly? How can you tell it isn't just random overlap? Again, lensing of quasars seems to rule the nearby quasar theory out completely.

      6) Yes, ultra-relativistic jets can appear to exhibit superluminal motion. Well understood since at least the 80s. Its a well understood and modeled optical illusion.

      7) The universe is obviously not uniform (rocks vs empty space). Big bang predicts statistical fluctuations at different wavelengths. Is this outside of that prediction?

      8) What does time dilation of quasar variation mean? How do you know the original timescale? Fluctuations have been seen delayed by lensing

      9) paper? That is an interesting one.

      10) Again, big bang doesn't say the universe is uniform. It allows statistical fluctuations. (at least big bang theory in the last 30 years. Scientists have been studying the flutuations for decades now, and seen clear signs of inflation in the statistical variations. This feels like someone looking at decades old data and theories.

      11) don't know who these people are.

      Overall: if quasars are local, how can gravitational lensed images be explained. Many years ago people thought quasars might be local, but a huge set of experiments since then has show that that is not the case

      11)

    148. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      That's nice. Would you care to explain why galaxies with two central bulges are not a vindication for Peratt's solution to the dark matter problem?

    149. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Thanks! Care to explain why two central bulges for galaxies is not a vindication for Peratt's dark matter solution (as is shown in the thread I directed you to?).

    150. Re:An epic failure in science journalism by j-beda · · Score: 1

      So far, such "right answer" seems to be the Standard Model, a theory which is typically regarded as “the pinnacle of science” or even “the theory of almost everything.” The Standard Model poses that the whole physical world is reduced to exactly 61 different kind of zero-sized point-particles, entities that somehow interact through four non-contact interactions, forces that are simultaneously also zero-sized point-particles. In addition, each of these 61 different kinds of extensionless entities may demonstrate the incomprehensible wave-particle paradox (as Feynman reminded us, "Nobody understands quantum mechanics"). All this activity happens, it is claimed, in 4D "curved" spacetime. In addition, absolutely all that was created from nothing sometime ago, starting from an "initial singularity" of "infinite density".

      Just a quick reminder of the so-called right answer.

      Yeah, the "Standard Model" is intellectually unsatisfying, and the philosophical implications of physical interpretations of the math of Quantum Mechanics seem bizarre in the extreme.

      But that shit has given and continues to give extremely precise predictions that match experimental measurements to levels that beggar the imagination. If this is "wrong", it is really hard to imagine what "right" could possibly be.

  2. If it takes that many words by DCFusor · · Score: 3, Insightful
    To say someone is wrong, Wolfgang Pauli would say "you're not even wrong".

    I will agree, and after reading the utter BS, not even rational, and very self and observation-contradicting commenters on phys.org who keyboard-warrior instead of do real science and make actual observations, I'm glad I didn't sign up. One might as well sign up to some alt-politics conspiracy theory site...for all the effect it'll have.

    At least physorg keeps the nuts all together.. maybe one grenade....

    Quoting tons of other errors doesn't make it right. Truth isn't up for vote.

    --
    Why guess when you can know? Measure!
    1. Re:If it takes that many words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Simplifying for parent:

      "You might be a conspiracy theorist if it takes that many words dispute something." :)

      [IMO, GP is probably off his meds.]

    2. Re:If it takes that many words by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Does it really make sense to expect that one of the most complex ongoing scientific debates can be explained in a paragraph?

    3. Re: If it takes that many words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      What is so "complex" about electricity in vacuum?
      Is it going to ever be practical? Like maybe faster than light, communication and wired connection to a space boat?

    4. Re:If it takes that many words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1, Interesting

      Yes it is. In the 80 homosexuality was Scientifically acknowledged by Scientific experts to be a disorder. Thanks to a media campaign, we now know Scientifically that homosexuality is completely normal. The same thing could be said about Jews and just about everything else.

      Science and truth are definitely up for debate. Reality is subjective. The only thing that is constantly true through different times and cultures is the fact that the people living in the current time and culture are always correct and it is only those other guys that had it wrong.

      Thank God we live in the exact time that we do.

    5. Re: If it takes that many words by Type44Q · · Score: 1, Flamebait

      In the 80 homosexuality was Scientifically acknowledged by Scientific experts to be a disorder.

      Just the opposite: In the 80's, it was scientifically acknowledged that gay males have a hypothalamus lobe structured like that of females, and lesbians have one structured like that of males. And yes, they were born that way - as queers have since the beginning of time.

      By the way, gays haven't bothered me on the slightest since I got over my latent homophobia in my early 20's... but the haters and closet-homos such as yourself are another story.

    6. Re: If it takes that many words by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      we now know Scientifically that homosexuality is completely normal.

      I misread and apologize; you're spot-on with the above statement.

    7. Re: If it takes that many words by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Plasma seems to be the quintessential complex system.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      "Although the underlying equations governing plasmas are relatively simple, plasma behavior is extraordinarily varied and subtle: the emergence of unexpected behavior from a simple model is a typical feature of a complex system. Such systems lie in some sense on the boundary between ordered and disordered behavior and cannot typically be described either by simple, smooth, mathematical functions, or by pure randomness. The spontaneous formation of interesting spatial features on a wide range of length scales is one manifestation of plasma complexity. The features are interesting, for example, because they are very sharp, spatially intermittent (the distance between features is much larger than the features themselves), or have a fractal form. Many of these features were first studied in the laboratory, and have subsequently been recognized throughout the universe."

    8. Re: If it takes that many words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Homosexuality is far more complex and diverse. It ranges anywhere to a physiological manifestation, psychological, to a societal choice and everything in between.

    9. Re:If it takes that many words by quenda · · Score: 4, Interesting

      homosexuality was Scientifically acknowledged by Scientific experts to be a disorder.

      Not to contradict the point you are awkwardly trying to make, but this part is wrong.
      Whether or not homosexuality is classified as a disorder, or a benign variation, has little to do with science. Like the medical definition of addiction, it depends on how it affects your life.
      If you live in a society where sodomy is frequently punished by death, but you keep doing it, you have an illness.
      Societies fault perhaps, but an illness still. Social context can change the medical classification, without any changes in the hard science.

    10. Re:If it takes that many words by ceoyoyo · · Score: 2

      Generally we prefer that the medical definitions follow the science, as opposed to the other way around....

    11. Re:If it takes that many words by quenda · · Score: 2

      What science? The causes of homosexuality, and evolutionary advantages (if any) remain a mystery, the subject of mere speculation.

      We all love to say how tolerant we are, but if science tomorrow found that homosexuality was a result of a deficiency of a particular mineral at a critical stage of development, almost every mother would be popping it down with the folic acid. (and not talking about it.) And the world might be all the poorer for it.

    12. Re:If it takes that many words by ceoyoyo · · Score: 3

      There's a fair amount of scientific study of sexuality, and homosexuality in particular. The fact that homosexuality is very widespread among other species suggests the trait has some fairly general survival utility (i.e. it's normal, as asserted by the OP). Your observation that the basis of homosexuality is complex tends to agree with the idea that it plays some fairly important role.

      Your observation that if a preventative supplement existed "every mother would be popping it down" is an observation about your society. Which is why we usually prefer that medical definitions follow science, rather than fashion. Admittedly, that idea isn't very old, and it's certainly not universal yet.

    13. Re:If it takes that many words by K.+S.+Kyosuke · · Score: 3, Informative

      The fact that homosexuality is very widespread among other species suggests the trait has some fairly general survival utility (i.e. it's normal, as asserted by the OP).

      It's probably more than just a speculation at this point.

      --
      Ezekiel 23:20
    14. Re:If it takes that many words by quenda · · Score: 1

      Which is why we usually prefer that medical definitions follow science, rather than fashion.

      You seem to be confusing medicine with medical science. Medicine is applied science that exists in a social context.

    15. Re:If it takes that many words by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

      What an odd dichotomy you've invented!

    16. Re:If it takes that many words by Dragonslicer · · Score: 1

      I think they were trying to compare "medical science" and "medicine" to science and engineering. "Medicine" (e.g. receiving treatment in a hospital) is an applied science, like engineering. "Medical science" would probably be more appropriately called biology.

    17. Re:If it takes that many words by erapert · · Score: 1

      Whether or not homosexuality is classified as a disorder, or a benign variation, has little to do with science.

      Agreed.
      Science can only describe X it absolutely cannot say X is good or bad.
      Only humans can judge whether something is good or bad.

    18. Re:If it takes that many words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Societies fault perhaps, but an illness still.

      You forgot to add the "illness still by the the society terminology" because it is NOT an illness but rather society medical classification.

    19. Re: If it takes that many words by rickb928 · · Score: 1

      Ah. So homosexuality is normal for homosexuals.

      That's actually useful and make sense. Now, to determine if you are, in fact, homosexual, without resorting to popular culture and your high school art teacher's diagnosis, that's the problem worth exploration.

      --
      deleting the extra space after periods so i can stay relevant, yeah.
    20. Re:If it takes that many words by quenda · · Score: 1

      AC still does not get it. A microorganism might be harmless in one population, and deadly in another. Whether it is a pathogen or not is determined by its effects, and varies by context. You cannot "science" it in isolation.

    21. Re: If it takes that many words by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My first thought was to agree with you. However, Chrisâ(TM) argument is pursuasive in a way that conspiracistâ(TM)s never are. While he certainly rambles, the larger argument â" that the scientific community punishes Mavericks with a zealousness that resembles religion â" is quite apparent from a number of directions. The specific argument about plasma behavior is far beyond my expertise to evaluate, but appears credible. In the end, I donâ(TM)t have a dog in this fight, so I really donâ(TM)t care whose ego is bruised when the truth is eventually proven indisputably.

  3. Here we go by flopsquad · · Score: 4, Funny

    "All aboard the armchair astrophysics train! Next stop, Electric Universe! Red Line right to Not Even Wrong, making stops at Time Cube, Flat Earth, Luminiferous Aether, and Turtles-All-the-Way-Down Town."

    --
    Nothing posted to /. has ever been legal advice, including this.
    1. Re:Here we go by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "All aboard the armchair astrophysics train! Next stop, Electric Universe! Red Line right to Not Even Wrong, making stops at Time Cube, Flat Earth, Luminiferous Aether, and Turtles-All-the-Way-Down Town."

      Careful how you refer to the turtles all the way down meme. Someone might think you're calling it a theory in itself, rather than a tongue-in-cheek acknowledgment of a shortcomings of an obviously flawed theory. I assume you just used it last to show by example that all the rest are equally flawed?

      p.s. I'm a fan of the theory that most "conspiracy theorists" don't actually believe the conspiracy theory they're spouting, but they pretend to believe it so they can troll everyone else. IMO, that's the only possible rational explanation for Flat Earth proponents. That, and so they can all try to get rich by selling their books to each other (but it doesn't work because they're all secretly aware of the deception).

    2. Re: Here we go by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      I certainly don't have a horse in this race but if that rapid-fire series of strawmen that you just spewed forth are any indication [of the intellectual capacity of those espousing the prevailing theory], there might actually be something to it...

    3. Re: Here we go by flopsquad · · Score: 2

      Now now. I'm sure we can have a discussion without stooping to insults. For example, I'd wager you have the intellectual capacity to understand what a strawman is, even though right now you clearly don't.

      --
      Nothing posted to /. has ever been legal advice, including this.
  4. Yes...this is accurate by 110010001000 · · Score: 1

    It was been proven that these currents emanate from the Timecube, and terminate in the Host Files. Laugh all you want, but we will ride these EmDrive jets to other stars. And you won't be invited.

    1. Re: Yes...this is accurate by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      And you won't be invited.

      In very much the same way that you don't get invited to "those sorts of parties," I'd imagine.

    2. Re:Yes...this is accurate by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      >we will ride these EmDrive jets to other star

      Hey, what ever happened with the EmDrive tests? I remember chuckling at this stuff some time ago, but I never bothered to follow up and see what happened when they put one in space and pushed the microwave emitter. I'm guessing it did diddley squat, but maybe I'm wrong.

    3. Re: Yes...this is accurate by Falconhell · · Score: 1

      *warning, this can lead to rampaging mobs of repectable physicists.

  5. Astrophisical jets ... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

    ... are shaped that way because in-falling matter crossing the event horizon of a black hole causes radiation of massive proportions.

    Because those particular black holes have accretion disks, out-gassing has no where to go but out the unobstructed poles.

    That action causes vortexes of streaming particles and ions that travel at close to the speed of light.

    Electricity is one feature (and a small factor) of the "confusion."

    --
    It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
    1. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      The trouble with this approach, of course, is that (1) E&M is just so much more powerful than gravity; and (2) your rebuttal involves a hypothetical object which has never been directly observed.

    2. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by K.+S.+Van+Horn · · Score: 1

      Up until 35 years ago -- for a period of two centuries -- atoms themselves were hypothetical objects which had never been directly observed. Should we have put all of chemistry, materials science, condensed matter physics, etc. on hold until then?

    3. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      I never mentioned gravity, right?

      So you're saying pulsars and quasars have never been observed?

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
    4. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      It is apparently necessary to frequently remind people that 95% of the universe's matter is apparently missing in modern cosmology. The detectors which have been designed to look for dark matter have become a million times more accurate in recent decades -- yet no dark matter is to be found. One fully rational reaction to these facts is to suspect that cosmology is approaching a dead end. Certainly, at some point, a justifiable response is to start questioning the starting point hypotheses and assumptions which have brought us to this troubling problem.

    5. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Pulsars are not just observations. It's also an attempt to explain the objects by proposing a physical mechanism. That mechanism would have us believing that some pulsars can spin at the speed of a dentist's drill (!) -- which is probably not a claim which we should just assume is true.

      What we see is a regular pulsation of light. To claim that the only way to explain that is by rotation would seem to completely skip over the possibility that the flickering could simply be a repeating electric discharge.

      After all, neutronium has never been produced within any laboratory, and in fact it violates the Island of Stability. We know from the laboratory that it is not possible to pack neutrons together like this -- so a little bit of skepticism is probably in order.

      Electrical cosmology does not disagree that quasars exist; they simply point to the work of Halton Arp to explain quasars as AGN ejections.

    6. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      You could study up on astrophysics and stuff.

      Nothing deep, mind you.

      You're spinning your wheels.

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
    7. Re: Astrophisical jets ... by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      Whether correct or completely fucking insane or both or neither, I applaud you for attempting to discuss the subject calmly and rationally. The responses you're having to wade through are tellingly unimpressive to say the least...

    8. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      I've been interacting with both the EU theorists and their mainstream critics for more than a decade now. I also collect and document critiques of modern science -- and to be clear, there are far more than you probably realize.

    9. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      EU theorists

    10. Re:Astrophisical jets ... by CaptainDork · · Score: 1

      So you're a science denier.

      Just say that and we can move along.

      --
      It little behooves the best of us to comment on the rest of us.
  6. What is electricity? by nsaspook · · Score: 1

    It's simply charge. Scientifically 'electricity' is more of a field of study today than a thing because in science electricity has many forms with 'current' and static electricity being only two.

    Electricity is not a form of energy.

    http://amasci.com/miscon/whatd...

    --
    In GOD we trust, all others we monitor.
  7. Do not be misled by rknop · · Score: 5, Insightful

    It is telling that all papers by this author and his collaborators seem to be in a closed ecosystem of citation where they only are cited each other. I am not familiar with the "Galaxies" journal. At least one of these papers is from A&A, which *is* a real peer-reviewed journal.

    There are many red herrings here. First of all, the whole "we have a model that can explain galaxy rotation curves without dark matter" is not nearly as meaningful as some seem to say it is. There is a whole host of observations explained by dark matter, in detail, and with precision. Explaining just one of them doesn't do much if you can't explain all of the rest of the observations.

    Likewise, the Big Bang model has a host of observations that support it, in detail, and with numerical precision.

    The "electric universe" is not something that is worth paying attention to.

    For popular-level information about the problems with the whole electric universe business, see this site: https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/...

    1. Re:Do not be misled by rknop · · Score: 1

      In what way is this relevant?

    2. Re:Do not be misled by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      "Do not be misled"

    3. Re:Do not be misled by civilwaradvocate · · Score: 1

      RATIONAL WIKI??? Are you FUCKING KIDDING?
      it's nonsense liberally peppered with slurs.
      Go watch Rick and Morty and write Reddit about how much you "fucking love science"

    4. Re:Do not be misled by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I can't see how an electric universe would explain the rotation curves. The electric charge is repulsive and attractive. On a closed volume, like a galaxy, there would a net force of zero. As for other forces, like Lorentz, would be causing expansion, the opposite of what you need to explain the rotation curves.

      I don't have a physics degree.

    5. Re:Do not be misled by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "The electric charge is repulsive and attractive. On a closed volume, like a galaxy, there would a net force of zero."

      You're approaching the problem from the perspective of electrostatics (the science of pith balls). Since we are talking about laboratory plasma phenomena like charge mobility (which enables conduction) and double layers (which act as the circuit's structure), plasma physics is an electrodynamic phenomena -- in the spirit of electric circuits. It is literally possible -- and people have done this -- to model stars as a sort of transistor, galaxies as a component within an electric circuit (with the caution that we should not assume that the circuit is closed on itself), and to model the Birkeland current filaments as transmission lines (realize that the solar cycle is not specifically predicted by a thermonuclear Sun) -- and we know that this can possibly be a valid approach because of this dark matter problem -- because at the distances involved with interstellar space, gravity is just a tiny fraction of the force which would be necessary to produce the observed motions.

      So, we have to be very careful when trying to think through what an electrical cosmology should be like. Plasma is the macro-scopic behavior of charged particles. You can think of it as a level up in complexity from electrostatics. It is an attempt to explain the collective behaviors of charged particles as they move through these very large "circuits" -- but truthfully, it is an attempt to do so without a complete picture of what is really going on at the smallest scales. (and that is why we must rely very heavily upon laboratory observations to arrive at accurate models in this domain).

      I have in other threads in these comments explained at great length about how plasma filaments are a valid approach to solving the dark matter problem. I recommend looking at those explanations for a more direct answer to how this can be.

    6. Re: Do not be misled by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's lovely that filaments carry current. Where does the charge originate? You do seem to using a pith ball model since you posit filaments separated be near field repulsion. If that isn't the case, the filaments would bend back on the source charge.

      I am willing to admit filaments exist but they are streams of charged ions from the stars. These are moving through the magnetic field of the star or vice versa, so of course they have a current. This doesn't give rise to a force holding the galaxy together.

    7. Re: Do not be misled by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "I am willing to admit filaments exist but they are streams of charged ions from the stars. These are moving through the magnetic field of the star or vice versa, so of course they have a current. This doesn't give rise to a force holding the galaxy together."

      Alfvén's Programme in Solar System Physics by Stephen G. Brush, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 20, No. 6, Dec 1992

      According to some scientists and philosophers of science, a theory is or should be judged by its ability to make successful predictions. This paper examines a case from the history of recent science -- the research of Hannes Alfvén and his colleagues on solar system physics -- in order to see whether scientists actually follow this policy. Tests of seven predictions are considered: magnetic braking magnetohydrodynamic waves, field-aligned ('Birkeland') currents, critical ionization velocity and the rings of Uranus, jet streams, electrostatic double layers, and partial corotation ('2/3 effect') ...

      ... It is found that the success or failure of these predictions had essentially no effect on the acceptance of Alfvén's theories, even though concepts such as ‘Alfvén waves' have become firmly entrenched in space physics. Perhaps the importance of predictions in such has been exaggerated: if a theory is not acceptable to the scientific community, it may not gain any credit from successful predictions.

  8. Good grief by 93+Escort+Wagon · · Score: 3, Insightful

    So the submitter is apparently extremely distressed regarding what goes on in internet discussion threads, both on phys.org and on Slashdot (based on his extremely long comment further up), for some reason.

    My advice is - don’t get so worked up over what people say on the internet.

    --
    #DeleteChrome
    1. Re:Good grief by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      I study scientific controversies and peoples' reactions to them. It's not because I am "distressed"; it's because I am trying to figure out who is right. Observing how people interact with controversies is a necessary aspect of that process given the taboo nature of questioning expert scientific authority. One of my favorite approaches, for example, is to present the same evidence to a hundred different people. Eventually, unexpected social patterns reveal themselves.

    2. Re:Good grief by ScentCone · · Score: 1

      Which has exactly ZERO to do with how the universe actually works. You could show a hundred people some simple math used to solve for variables in a simple but elegant way, and get "unexpected social patterns" in the reactions. Hell, you could show a hundred people "2+2=4" and you'd get a fair number of people with some bone to pick, onto which they'd project everything else about their world and personal lives that bothers them. So what? Studying their reactions is its own field for its own sake, but has nothing, zip, nada, bupkiss, zero to do with the nature of the universe. The universe doesn't give a shit about how people who are told things about it react. The universe doesn't alter its nature because some percentage of people told the truth, or absurd fantasies, about it react in some patterned way. You're confusing your fascination with and embrace of irrationality with some sense that such defective thinking reflects anything meaningful about physics.

      --
      Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
    3. Re:Good grief by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Taboo nature of questioning expert scientific authority

    4. Re:Good grief by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Scientific consensus is a social process and scientists are subject to the same social forces which regular people contend with on a daily basis. In fact, a scientist outside of their very limited specialization can be fairly compared with a layperson. In fact, if you were to study critiques of modern science, you'd observe that a common critique is that correction in the sciences is undermined by specialization.

    5. Re:Good grief by ScentCone · · Score: 1

      No. Science is a methodical process that follow rigid precepts. Whether or not given notion proves, on scrutiny and through experimentation, to shed light on how the world actually works has NOTHING to do with whether or not some portion of society wishes to understand or acknowledge that fact. Whether or not a scientist's narrow area of research leaves them unaware of other areas of research has NOTHING to do with whether or not his research demonstrates reality.

      2+2=4 whether or not a researcher's social peers or others can muster the effort to recognize that fact. 2+2 continues to =4 even when somebody who wishes it equaled 5 because asserting that gives him something to use for social attention on slashdot submits a self-referential article insisting 2+2=5.

      --
      Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
    6. Re:Good grief by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Don Scott, The Electric Sky, p.13

      "In this process, one starts with a presumed law of nature -- an obviously correct (accepted) generalization about the way things work -- and deduces (works out, derives) its logical consequences.

      A hypothesis arrived at via this deductive method is promoted to the status of being a theory when and if a large enough body of experts accepts it. This is an application of the Socratic Method, also sometimes called the 'dialectic method.' Socrates (469-399 B.C.) believed that truth ws discovered through intense conversations with other informed people. Thus, in this method, a vote of the experts determines when and if a theory is correct. Once such a theory has been accepted, it is not easily rejected in light of conflicting evidence. It is, however, often modified -- made more complicated. When over time a theory becomes officially accepted, the essence of the matter has been settled and fixed. Modifications to the fine points of the theory can then be proposed and debated, but the backbone structure of the theory is set. That framework has already been firmly established.

      An inherent flaw lurking in this method is: What if your 'obviously correct,' basic, starting-point presumption is wrong?"

    7. Re: Good grief by Type44Q · · Score: 1

      So the submitter is apparently extremely distressed...

      Where did you come up with that?? So he wrote a fucking novel; that says absolutely nothing about the content or tone... which struck me as quite mild.

    8. Re:Good grief by Jamu · · Score: 1

      Whereas, with a scientific theory, if it disagrees with experiment, it is wrong.

      --
      Who ordered that?
    9. Re:Good grief by ScentCone · · Score: 1

      What good is a "backbone structure" when you start out with an incorrect premise? How is that any different from a religion based on a flat earth concept?

      --
      Don't disappoint your bird dog. Go to the range.
    10. Re:Good grief by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You forgot social media.

      Don't listen to what people write on social media, either. Social media is where all the really smart Dunning-Kruger types like to share their superior intellect with the world.

    11. Re:Good grief by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So you're a troll who studies trolls... so that somehow makes you a physics expert? Of course not. Go get a life or study physics if you want make some constructive criticism.

  9. Mistaken Bias? by Kozar_The_Malignant · · Score: 4, Insightful

    The submitter write, "a mistaken bias against electricity in space continues to dominate conversations." What dominates conversations is a complete lack of credible evidence for this. It reminds me of the old days when Archimedes Plutonium invaded sci.physics and talk.origins.

    --
    Some mornings it's hardly worth chewing through the restraints to get out of bed.
    1. Re:Mistaken Bias? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      So... from the headline, it is easy to see that... communication without copper wires is possible... like radio.
      Wonderful, I'll go and tell marconi and tesla that their ideas just might work out.
      the problem with the eUniverse people is this, everything can be explained with electricity.
      While any sensible person knows that the singularity is the only explanation for everything. so now go and chastise yourself, you heretic heathen!

      it could be more laughable, but it all dried up when the ideas were used to drive other people crazy with inane and repetitive mumblings of madmen.

    2. Re:Mistaken Bias? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 0

      Re: "What dominates conversations is a complete lack of credible evidence for this."

      Remember, IF electricity does flow through the cosmos, then the universe must be highly filamentary. This was predicted by plasma cosmologist Hannes Alfvén, see Cosmical Electrodynamics (1950).

      I don't know if you ever heard about the Herschel Telescope. A very cool gadget.

      http://sci.esa.int/herschel/55...

      "Herschel's Hunt for Filaments in the Milky Way"

      28 May 2015

      "Observations with ESA's Herschel space observatory have revealed that our Galaxy is threaded with filamentary structures on every length scale. From nearby clouds hosting tangles of filaments a few light-years long to gigantic structures stretching hundreds of light-years across the Milky Way's spiral arms, they appear to be truly ubiquitous. The Herschel data have rekindled the interest of astronomers in studying filaments, emphasising the crucial role of these structures in the process of star formation." ...

      "One of the key aspects that emerged from these observations is the presence of a filamentary network nearly everywhere in our Galaxy's interstellar medium."

    3. Re:Mistaken Bias? by civilwaradvocate · · Score: 1

      "credible" translates to "in line with the careers of the people with the most funding" all too often

    4. Re: Mistaken Bias? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Good. Now disprove the zero hypothesis: that gravity by itself can cause filamentary structures.

    5. Re: Mistaken Bias? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      What you seem to be overlooking is that one paradigm predicted a filamentary universe (at least since the 1950s), while the other one didn't. Ubiquitous filamentation was not predicted at all by conventional astrophysics. And space age observations show that we do live in a filamentary universe.

      Can gravity itself form ubiquitous filamentation? Well, if you add a sufficient quantity of carefully invented ad hocs, everything can be accounted for. Some unobserved dark matter exactly here, a little hypothetical dark energy exactly there, and everything is possible.

      Or, instead of that, you just observe a novelty plasma globe and apply Occam's Razor.

    6. Re:Mistaken Bias? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Complete lack" is a bold face lie. There is much evidence to support the position. The fact that you're entirely ignorant of it does justify a statement that there is no evidence. It simply means you're ignorant. By knowing asserting your ignorance makes it a lie.

      Stop with the bullshit.

  10. Charged endpoints by manu0601 · · Score: 1

    If there are large currents, endpoints should gain charge over time. Does that means we observe electromagnetic forces at large scale between charged regions?

    1. Re:Charged endpoints by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      You'd want to look into the work of Halton Arp in order to understand the answers to this. Arp began his career as Edwin Hubble's protege. He studied peculiar galaxies, and the strangest to this day are still referred to by their Arp number. What Arp and a number of other astronomers claimed to observe is that when a galaxy becomes stressed, it ejects a quasar.

      That quasar begins its life with very high redshift, but over time, he claimed that the redshift normalizes to a value more consistent with that of galaxies, and the quasar will evolve into a galaxy which sometimes looks remarkably like its parent. What he is arguing against is that there is only one way to create redshift. Arp believed that redshift has two separate components -- one which is intrinsic to the matter itself, and a second factor contributed by the object's motion. If he is correct, the implication is that the Big Bang is basically a mistake.

      (A lot of people ask where all of this electricity would then be coming from? -- as if not knowing the answer to that metaphysical question somehow discounts the observation that it is happening.)

      Wal Thornhill has proposed that the large inherent redshift value likely indicates an electron-deficient region of space (the quasar begins as just protons), and he bases that analysis upon observations of the plasma focus device -- which is what he proposes "black holes" actually are.

    2. Re:Charged endpoints by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes. Review the Electric Universe theory. There is a large number of video lectures and papers on the topic. You'll commonly find many people lie that there is no evidence yet not only is there a steadily growing body of evidence, but many mainstream papers are starting to indirectly provide observable evidence that this field has credibility.

      Look up Birkeland Currents. They are reasonable well understood and widely documented. Many in the field are actually extremely unqualified to comment, yet they insist their fully unqualified position uniquely qualifies them to comment. They are unqualified because it requires expertise entirely outside of their professional exposure and education. Documented to be observed on and around Earth, and there is much evidence to support them as it relates to documented solar collisions and interstellar observations. In fact, in some cases, the EU theory is the only theory which accurately predicted the results of stellar collision.

      "Trust me, I'm an mathematician and I'll tell you everything you need to known about electrician engineering." Which is basically the basis of much criticism. Of course, anyone who is educated would laugh at such a statement. Yet it remains the mainstay of detractors. This, of course, doesn't mean the Electric Universe is valid. But it does mean the bulk of the criticism is entirely invalid. Which is not how good science works.

  11. What was the question again? by fazig · · Score: 1

    In University I learned that an electric current is a flow of charged particles. Particles like electrons, protons and all kinds of ions like hadrons for example. It does not matter in what medium the motion happens. It may happen in solids like copper, liquids like acidic water, gasses like air (lightning) and of course by exentision ionized plasmas (lightning). It even happens in a vacuum which is evident by the electron current that flows through vacuum tubes that we've used for many decades in electronics.
    So if a relativistic jet is comprised of ionized particles by definition it represents an electric current.

  12. Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

    This is clearly a troll submission. Bullshit paper in a bullshit journal. Basically the equivalent of a crackpot posting on his own blog. How did this shit get posted?

    1. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 0

      You seem to not be fully tuned into what is currently happening. This is not a "bullshit" journal:

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters
      Measurement of the Electric Current in a kpc-Scale Jet

    2. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The main paper in TFS is a bullshit paper in a bullshit journal. You can play the shift the goalposts game all you like, but you're not addressing that point. It's pure manure.

    3. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      You appear to be in a state of denial

      Astronomy & Astrophysics
      The jets of AGN as giant coaxial cables

      From the paper:

      "It also indicates that astrophysical jets are fundamentally electromagnetic structures."

    4. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Again, you're trying to move the goalposts.

      The referenced paper in TFS is a bullshit paper in a bullshit journal.

      You can link to as many other papers in as many places as you like and you won't change that.

    5. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Well, it looks like you've found your excuse to avoid the hard work of actually learning the debate.

    6. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, it looks like you've found your excuse to avoid the hard work of actually learning the debate.

      Right back at you.

    7. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      There is no "debate" - there's science on one side, with testable models, and there's electronutters on the other with vague wild speculation, a complete unwillingness to actually learn physics and, most importantly, NO DATA THAT BACK THEIR MODELS. "Learn the debate" about flat earth, "learn the debate" about 2+2=5, "learn the debate" about giant lizard monsters being responsible for 9/11. No. Back up your models with some actual goddamn science or fuck off.

      What you've done is avoid the hard work of doing some actual fucking science. Where's your PhD? Where are your peer reviewed publications in PRL/PRD/JCAP?

      Then you come along, and post a bullshit paper. You get called out on it and you thrash around pointing at other stuff, but that doesn't change the fact that the paper your posted is:

      A bullshit paper in a bullshit journal.

      Address that point properly, or just fuck off.

    8. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "NO DATA THAT BACK THEIR MODELS"

      It's really quite remarkable that such a statement is being made amongst people who would apparently work in the tech industry. I mean, we've not seen such hostility directed at electricity since the days of Edison electrocuting animals.

      I think the mistake that is being made here occurs at the point where, having ignored all of the technical points which have been made, you then assume that everybody else has also ignored the same technical arguments as yourself. But, not everybody who will be reading through these comments will be as lazy as yourself, and they will plainly observe that this statement you've made here is really speaking to what you have decided to learn about -- not the actual data that is today available to us.

      Let me be absolutely clear on this: With this approach of arguing against things you refuse to actually read about -- which is really more widespread than you are realizing -- our species does not stand a chance of unraveling the mysteries of the Universe.

    9. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't work in the tech industry, I'm a physicist. Hostility is because we spend our lives working out theories, and we test them with data, and bullshit artists like you come along and claim what we're doing is nonsense without anything to back it up.

      Let me be abundantly clear here: You have made no technical points. You have no data. You made no testable predictions. There is not a single number in a single experiment that your theory has made a statement about a priori. That's why we take you no more seriously than the astrologers, flat-earthers or any other associated bullshit.

      Now, after your roundabout nonsense, please answer the point in the original post before all your goalpost moving:

      This is a bullshit paper in a bullshit journal.

    10. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Physicist George Chapline has advanced the First Theorem of Science: “It is impossible to convince a person of any true thing that will cost him money.”

      Nobel Prize winning physicist Robert Laughlin says that "We should probably rename it the First Theorem and drop the Science part." (Laughlin, 2005, p. 114)

    11. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Oh sure, that's why we should believe in astrology, flat earth theory and the giant burp of cancer theory right?

      Bullshit paper, bullshit journal. Everything else you and your sockpuppets have posted here has been trying to move the goalposts.

    12. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      That doesn't change the OPs point. The paper you put in the summary is just flat out trash. Electrouniverse nonsense is just crackpot BS.

    13. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Alfvén's Programme in Solar System Physics by Stephen G. Brush, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 20, No. 6, Dec 1992

      According to some scientists and philosophers of science, a theory is or should be judged by its ability to make successful predictions. This paper examines a case from the history of recent science -- the research of Hannes Alfvén and his colleagues on solar system physics -- in order to see whether scientists actually follow this policy. Tests of seven predictions are considered: magnetic braking magnetohydrodynamic waves, field-aligned ('Birkeland') currents, critical ionization velocity and the rings of Uranus, jet streams, electrostatic double layers, and partial corotation ('2/3 effect') ...

      ... It is found that the success or failure of these predictions had essentially no effect on the acceptance of Alfvén's theories, even though concepts such as ‘Alfvén waves' have become firmly entrenched in space physics. Perhaps the importance of predictions in such has been exaggerated: if a theory is not acceptable to the scientific community, it may not gain any credit from successful predictions.

    14. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      If you were to actually read what the whistleblower astrophysicists are arguing, you'd observe that they would disagree with your approach. These people are risking their careers in order to convince the public to alter its focus.

      The Twilight of the Scientific Age
      Martín López Corredoira
      Cosmologist / Astrophysicist / Philosopher / Published 50 Academic Papers, Often as Lead / Academic Whistleblower

      A superficial view may lead us to think that we live in the golden age of science but the fact is that the present-day results of science are mostly mean, unimportant, or just technical applications of ideas conceived in the past.

      There are several reasons to write about this topic. First of all, because I feel that things are not as they seem, and the apparent success of scientific research in our societies, announced with a lot of ballyhoo by the mass media, does not reflect the real state of things.

      the more controversial the topic, and the more of a challenge it is to established ideas, and the newer the approach, then the more difficult will be the problems in publishing it, and the higher the probability of its being rejected. Gillies (2008, ch. 2) argues that when a researcher makes an advance which is later seen as a key innovation and a major breakthrough, a peer review may very well judge it to be absurd and of no values. As noted by Van Flandern (1993, ch. 21), peer review in journals interferes with the objective examination of extraordinary ideas on their merits. Maddox (1993), who was editor of the journal Nature, has said that if Newton submitted his theory of gravity to a journal today, it would almost certainly be rejected as being too preposterous to believe. On the one hand, there is a failure to select novel ideas (Brezis, 2007; Horrobin, 1990). On the other hand, the refereeing process trends to conformity.

      From my own experiences and those of others, I have observed that doors are opened and offers made to those who are servile and uncritical. A lot of work must be produced, but without any great aspiration towards saying something important. To obtain an academic position, to obtain tenure, to be successful in obtaining research funds, etc. it is necessary to conform.

      In the last two decades, I have observed, at least in my speciality, how the number of offers of postdoctoral positions with a free choice of research topic has been much reduced, substituted by positions working on a major project under the orders of senior 'priests'. This is, in my opinion, a huge obstacle for the creativity of young scientists, an unfortunate trend in the present-day bureacratized system. Moreover, among people who are going to develop a topic freely, there is also a strong bias against all the applications which propose topics which are not suitable according to the mainstream of normal science. Certainly, this is the perfect way to uphold the power of tradition and to castrate new ideas. No revolution is possible within this system; only an outsider can do it.

      Scientists are educated nowadays in a habit of self-censorship. The system promotes self-repression in the spread of ideas, so most scientists, when writing a paper, think something like 'I think this and that, but I cannot say so in my paper because this will not pass the referee's control, so I will not say it'. This causes serious harm to creativity among people who dare to think new things.

      ... scientists have to choose between developing their own ideas freely or being constrained by subjects which allow academic success.

      The situation is that society is drowned in ideas and information without assimilating any of it, and only a few ideas, those selected by the establishment, will make some impact. We are in the era of mass

    15. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Lovely copypasta. Now address the original point:

      Bullshit paper in a bullshit journal.

      You keep deflecting, you keep trying to answer a different point, but you never actually address this.

    16. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Looks like you've found your excuse to avoid the hard work of doing some actual physics.

    17. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Look at how narrow your focus has become. We are literally talking about some of the most complex questions man has ever asked, and you're imagining that you can reduce this very complex discussion to this single paper. In any debate like this, there are going to be winners and losers, but to produce a meaningful assessment, we have to look at the full breadth of all of the individual pieces: the claims, the critiques, the sociological patterns, psychological biases, the history of science, yes the validity of the math (but also whether or not it applies), unexpected vindications, basically the whole fabric of what is happening.

      For example, here is an unexpected vindication below from this past January. Rather than simply accepting that galaxy experts don't read IEEE, perhaps we should view that admission as reason to suspect that that practice has an effect upon their ability to replicate (and by extension, self-correct).

      Centralized "big science" communities more likely generate non-replicable results

      Abstract: Growing concern that most published results, including those widely agreed upon, may be false are rarely examined against rapidly expanding research production. Replications have only occurred on small scales due to prohibitive expense and limited professional incentive. We introduce a novel, high-throughput replication strategy aligning 51,292 published claims about drug-gene interactions with high-throughput experiments performed through the NIH LINCS L1000 program. We show (1) that unique claims replicate 19% more frequently than at random, while those widely agreed upon replicate 45% more frequently, manifesting collective correction mechanisms in science; but (2) centralized scientific communities perpetuate claims that are less likely to replicate even if widely agreed upon, demonstrating how centralized, overlapping collaborations weaken collective understanding. Decentralized research communities involve more independent teams and use more diverse methodologies, generating the most robust, replicable results. Our findings highlight the importance of science policies that foster decentralized collaboration to promote robust scientific advance.

      In other words, when a group of electrical engineers launches a critique of mainstream cosmology, the cosmologists can decide to either collaborate with this group to form new sets of questions and lines of investigation; or, they can just ignore or dismiss the critiques. Historically speaking, the pattern in the astrophysics and cosmology domains has been to centralize and ostracize outsiders:

      The Death of $cience: A Companion Study to Martin Lopez Corredoira's The Twilight of the Scientific Age
      by Andrew Holster

      p.73:

      Professional opposition to outsiders crossing boundaries of specialisations is one of the defining features of modern science, and one of the most powerful forces against heterodox thinkers. But combining insights from multiple fields is often the essential ingredient for making progress.

      p.77:

      Because of the number of severe and unexplained anomalies in modern physics and cosmology, foundational physics is open to revolutionary change. Indeed, I believe it would have gone through such a revolution over the last few decades, were it not for the severe repression of ideas in modern physics. And any such revolution will deeply affect other natural sciences, including theories of mind. Yet while I believe a revolution is immanent, I also think it is unlikely to be made through our present scientific institutions. It will be made by outsiders. The new approach required to advance physics will be attacked from within conventional physics, because it has to revolutionize certain foundational concepts of quantum theory and relativity theory, but this goes profoundly against the interests of professional physicists.

    18. Re:Can we moderate submissions? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      No. Look at you shifting the goalposts. It should worry you that you have to cut and paste a bunch of stuff just because you can't answer the original charge:

      Bullshit paper in a bullshit journal.

      That says it all. All the rest of your flim-flam, misdirection, appeals to authority and smokescreens are attempts to hide this.

      Bullshit paper in a bullshit journal.

  13. Do not be misled by rknop: study the controversy by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

    Don't be misled by rknop, and just follow the controversy.

    1) The peer review system may be relatively satisfactory during quiescent times, but not during a potentially-revolutionary controversy occurring at the core of science, when the establishment seeks to preserve the status quo. Many science organizations, including the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health, have recognized the very real peer review "gatekeeping problem", which effectively prevents scientific innovation. This observed anti-pattern blocking scientific progress occurs because peer review can be like a court where the party making judgment is the very party who stands to lose most if the application prevails.

    2) The notion of an unobserved hypothetical dark matter was invented exactly *because* of the significant discrepancy between observed curves and the ones predicted by theory. If the galaxy rotation curves can be perfectly accounted for in terms of non-hypothetical visible matter, i.e. plasma matter in the laboratory, and simulated in government supercomputers by a leading plasma scientist and former scientific advisor to the U.S. Department of Energy, with plasma being more than 99.9% of the observed matter in the cosmos, then all this is clearly very significant.

    3) Big Bang Creationism, with its intrinsic ties to General Relativity, was first penned by a priest (Lemaître), established with crucial help of a quaker (Eddington), and then praised by a Pope (Pius XII). As an engineer dealing with the Principle of Conservation in absolutely anything I do, I can only conceive the Big Bang as a modern creation story, not really science. In any case, if the Big Bang were a science (and hence a falsifiable theory), then it has been indeed observationally falsified, a great many times over. Anyone interested in scientific controversies should learn the story of Halton Arp. See:

    https://plus.google.com/+Chris...

    4) You say that the idea of modelling cosmic plasmas as laboratory plasmas (the core idea behind the so-called Electric Universe) "is not something that is worth paying attention to." Actually, the only way to evaluate if a new view of the universe is worth paying attention to or not, is to suspend judgement and spend the time to understand the new perspective, and then to compare the new viewpoint with the old one. It is apparent that neither you or the "Rational Wiki" had spent the required time to immerse yourselves into the controversy. In fact, the whole "Rational Wiki" site is written with a profound ignorance of the subject of scientific controversies.

    There is a fundamental difference between a healthy skeptical critical thinker, and an complacent apologist of the scientific status quo. If we want to promote scientific progress and innovation, we need more of the former and less of the latter.

  14. Lou Reed was right by Potor · · Score: 1

    Electricity comes from other planets.

    1. Re:Lou Reed was right by PolygamousRanchKid+ · · Score: 2

      Electricity comes from other planets.

      Yeah, all these astro-folks have been asking the wrong questions about Mars:

      "Is there life on Mars . . . ?", "Is there water on Mars . . . ?", "Is there oxygen on Mars . . . ?"

      Instead, they should have been asking, "Is there electricity on Mars . . . ?"

      This is why Elon Musk is planning to fly his Tesla to Mars. He will plug it into Mars, and see if it charges.

      Then we will have the electricity on Mars question answered.

      These electric astrophysical plasmatic jet thingies are also good news. We can build spacecraft like electric trains and trolleys, and they can tap into the space currents to zip them around!

      We need to be careful, though. The electricity inside could be the theorized "Dark Electricity", causing the spacecraft to travel backwards in time.

      --
      Schroedinger's Brexit: The UK is both in and out of the EU at the same time!
  15. What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by najajomo · · Score: 2

    What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot, it this the best you can find as an article on what used to be a top tech site?

    1. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      What is this overt bias against electricity in space doing in the tech industry?

    2. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Which kind of "pseudoscience" would you claim that this article is?

      Is it pseudoscience like "Flat Earth Theory", or is it "pseudoscience" like rocketry? Have you studied the story of Robert Goddard?

      Robert Goddard was an American engineer who pioneered the science of rockets, and has been called “The Father of the Space Age”. When he first proposed sending a rocket to the moon, he was ridiculed in a 1920 New York Times article because rockets allegedly violated the most basic laws of physics. The mistaken idea that a rocket flew by pushing against the air behind it was a common one that many scientists of the era believed, even when Goddard had demonstrated by experiment in 1915-16 that this was not so. Since 1920, Goddard was ridiculed many times by scientists, professors, journalists and policy makers. Goddard felt humiliated, and continued his rocket research away from the public eye. While US scientists continued to consider rocketry as what would today be called pseudoscience, German scientists were deeply interested in Goddard’s inventions. This ultimately led to V-2 German rockets—the first long-range guided ballistic missiles—raining down in London in 1944, resulting in the death of about 7,250 military personnel and civilians.

      Such was the tragic end of Goddard’s full 24 years long ridicule, when “pseudoscience” was dramatically found to be real science after all. German scientists later admitted using Goddard’s pioneering ideas in the V-2 rockets design. A documentary on the subject remarked: “it was a final irony for a man labelled impractical by America's military leaders.”

    3. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Look dumbass. Real scientists have no problems with currents in space. What we have problems with is when you take one phenomenon then extrapolate it to bullshit. If you propose an new theory is has to not only explain something the old theory cannot, it also has to explain also explain everything the old theory explains as well.

      Relativity explains observations that Galilean relativity cannot. However in the apporiate limits, relativity reduces back to classical theory. Quantum mechanics explains things classical mechanics cannot. But in the appropate limits, it reduces back to classical physics. That’s what makes it an accepted scientific theory. It can explain both new and past results.

      Your electric universe theory utterly fails to explain the vast majority of accepted theory. That’s why is complete bullshit.

      Sincerely,
      A real scientist with a PhD in physics.

    4. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      He probably means the bullshit kind of pseudoscience. Not the conservation of momentum "pseudoscience" you're claiming.

    5. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by civilwaradvocate · · Score: 0

      You mean you have a problem when some one smarter than you is able to map phenomena together in a way you don't understand using language you're not accustomed to? Yes, that's what you mean.

    6. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You mean you have a problem when some one dumber than you maps phenomena together in a way that fails explain things that already have proven explainations.

      Fixed that for you dumbass.

    7. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      You may want to be careful with the reason you are giving for calling an alternative paradigm "complete bullshit". It seems that you are overlooking the lessons from the historical record. We know for a fact that, when a new worldview replaces an old worldview, previously solved problems become unsolved again. This is exactly what happened during the most famous paradigm shift of all time: The Copernican Revolution.

      See: http://joelvelasco.net/teachin...

      "Accepting Copernicus would not simply replace one astronomical model with another. It also meant that a whole class of physics problems that had been considered solved were now suddenly unsolved. Therefore much of the initial resistance came from within the physics and astronomy communities rather than from the church."

      "..."

      "... Most astronomers also felt that the Ptolemaic system, although complicated, could ultimately be made to work. So while they hailed Copernicus's work and used his tables and methods, they were skeptical of his central idea of a moving Earth. They dismissed it as an ad hoc trick (much as Max Planck's quantum hypothesis was initially viewed centuries later) that turned out to be a useful tool for calculations. Thee idea that the motion described by some artificial model was a convenient fiction was not unprecedented. Ptolemy himself had said that not all of his epicycles had to be considered physically real. Some were to be thought of as merely mathematical devices that gave sound results."

      "Initially, however, the Copernican system did not give better numerical results than the Ptolemaic."

    8. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "Your electric universe theory utterly fails to explain the vast majority of accepted theory. That’s why is complete bullshit."

      What I have observed over the past ten years of tracking this controversy is a refusal to actually learn the debate. Look at your process: You are not even actively tracking this controversy, then you are going online to tell people who are that they are wrong. You and I both know that you could not even name the books that a person would need to read in order to get a handle on the subject.

      When the experts refuse to track controversies, eventually they just stop being the experts. You can hate the messenger who then subsequently informs you of the vindications which you are refusing to track, but ultimately, it was your decision to refuse to track this debate which has brought us to this point.

      Sincerely,
      A generalist who tracks controversies.

    9. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I doubt he'd get past high-school physics with that problem. Never mind a degree and post-graduate study.

    10. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If your theory cannot explain observations that current theory can easily explain and make valid predictions then your theory is complete bullshit. But dumbassed like you are too stupid to understand that.

      Sincerely,
      Actual physicist with a valid PhD.

    11. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      My PhD, my job at a national lab, my invited talks, and my numerous publications says otherwise.

    12. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Yes, my point is that rocketry was considered to be pseudoscience for full 24 years. It wasn't. Having learned the historical lesson, the reasonable question is the following:

      Which are the ongoing controversies that are currently considered to be pseudoscience, that will prove to be real science after all, just like what happened with rocketry, meteorites, radio waves, and bacteria causing ulcers?

    13. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You do have a problem when some one smarter than you is able to map phenomena together in a way you don't understand using language you're not accustomed to? Okay. Well, I hope you get over it.

    14. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      This as an argument is complete shit. You are delusional. It does not matter what I say though. You feel better about yourself because you think you know something that no one else seems to have figured out, and its all so simple, if we'd just get past all our biases and math.

    15. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Yes when rockets flew. Go it.
      So when is the electrical universe gonna blow a hole in what we already understand? Where does it actually do a better job? Where are the mathematical models?

      The only thing that is happening here is that you a)need to believe everybody else is wrong b) need to believe that a revolution over turning everything is possible because you just don't like how the universe turned out to be, and because you are trying to hide your feelings of unimportance.

    16. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nobody that has ever proposed the electric universe theory is smarter than me. Because of the simple fact. The electric universe cannot explain credits observation.

    17. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by quenda · · Score: 1

      The mistaken idea that a rocket flew by pushing against the air behind it was a common one that many scientists of the era believed, even when Goddard had demonstrated by experiment

      Really? I thought Newtonian physics was widely accepted by then.

      Anyway, Goddard was in no position to laugh at them. He built the first liquid rocket with the engine at the top, thinking this would make it more stable, when basic Newtownian laws said no. He had to learn the hard way.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

    18. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Facts have no bias.

      Stop yelling at clouds.

    19. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      The very same wikipedia that you are quoting explains that yes, that mistaken belief was common.

      https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

      "The basis of that criticism was the then-common belief that thrust was produced by the rocket exhaust pushing against the atmosphere; Goddard realized that Newton's third law (reaction) was the actual principle."

      It seems that you are unaware of the full story. What really happened to Goddard is something that anyone interested in scientific progress should know. See:

      https://youtu.be/rwDnOLg0Nss

    20. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      Re: "So when is the electrical universe gonna blow a hole in what we already understand? Where does it actually do a better job? Where are the mathematical models?"

      If you had done the hard work of studying the diverse complexities underlying this foundational controversy—a time-consuming study that is apparent that neither you nor almost everyone else commenting here have done yet—then you would have answers to such questions. Much more importantly, you would be asking better questions.

      Science should be about the culture of skepticism. This is the definition of 'skeptic' that I find most useful: "Skeptic - One who practices the method of suspended judgment, engages in rational and dispassionate reasoning as exemplified by the scientific method, shows willingness to consider alternative explanations without prejudice based on prior beliefs, and who seeks out evidence and carefully scrutinizes its validity." —Bernard Haisch, astrophysicist

      The scientific habit of suspending judgement seems to be very very hard to most people, but it really isn't.

      If you were to suspend judgement and study the ongoing controversies of science, then you would start acknowledging the dangers of specialization.

      See: https://plus.google.com/+Chris...

      "People become engrossed in figuring out the next decimal place, and they lose sight of why they adopted the theory in the first place. They become too busy to revisit first assumptions. They take those assumptions for granted. The assumptions become unconscious and then they're surprised when reality throws data at them that isn't covered by the assumption."

      "They have a certainty that comes from ignoring questions. They have the one true faith that comes from tunnel vision (specialization provides an extremely narrow field of view). This is a job description for technicians, but not for scientists."

      "Science ... is first of all about the questions. We need the answers in order to do things, but we need the questions more in order to do new things."

    21. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      I fail to see how my historical example of previously solved problems becoming unsolved again during a paradigm-shift is "complete bullshit".

      Re: " you think you know something that no one else seems to have figured out"

      The original ideas behind these controversies are certainly not mine. They originated with scientists like Hannes Alfvén, who used his Nobel Prize acceptance speech to tell the scientific community that they were misapplying his ideas to the astronomical scales, and if they continued to do so, a deep crisis in science would ensue. If you were to suspend judgement as a true skeptic and just spend the hard work of studying the controversy, it would be clear to you that Alfvén's worrying prediction was on target.

    22. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      If you had done the hard work of learning the math underlying basic physics—a time-consuming study that is apparent that neither you nor ever other EU nutcase has done—then you would realize why the EU theory is complete bullshit.

      Fixed that for you.

    23. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      A better example of the denial to act like a scientific skeptic by suspending the rush to judgement can hardly be imagined. Thank you.

    24. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by careysub · · Score: 1

      If you actually read the WIkipedia section you reference you will see that this "common belief" refers to a common popular (i.e. laymen's) belief as exemplified by an editorial by the New York Times editorial staff. Journalists have never been known for their scientific literacy.

      This a very famous journalistic science blunder.

      This post does absolutely nothing for your credibility.

      --
      Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
    25. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      That's incorrect. Not just journalists but principally scientists considered rocketry to be pseudoscience, for full 24 years, and with tragic consequences. US scientists in particular considered the idea ridiculous. German scientists did not.

      The important story of Goddard's mockery, including concrete examples of how scientists ridiculed the very real science of rocketry are covered here:

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?...

    26. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Learn how todo math first then we can talk.

    27. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      The scientists who ridiculed Goddard and thought that rocketry was pseudoscience for full 24 years did know how to do the math very well. The historical mistake had nothing to do with learning how to do math.

      By the way, I work in an electrical engineering laboratory and I apply mathematical physics everyday. Also, the weather forecast today for Siberia is -14 C. Both statements are equally relevant to the core of the controversy being discussed.

      I'll let you have the last word, hopefully it will make you happy. Have a nice day! (Even if you are in frigid Siberia)

    28. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by careysub · · Score: 1

      I am not bothering to watch the YouTube video (really, that's your "reference"?) but the rocket equation derived from Newton's laws of motion were first formulated in 1813 by William Moore, again by William Leitch in 1861, but most famously by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky in the early 1890s, and published in a well-known work in 1903.

      This is all really well known.

      So, no. you are profoundly ignorant about this subject. Sorry.

      --
      Starships were meant to fly, Hands up and touch the sky - Nicky Minaj
    29. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "If your theory cannot explain observations that current theory can easily explain and make valid predictions then your theory is complete bullshit. But dumbassed like you are too stupid to understand that."

      Put another way, what you are saying is that all frameworks must elaborate in the same sequence as those which preceded them.

      But, the fact of the matter is that this has never been true: Since each framework begins with a fundamentally different hypothesis and starting-point assumptions, it is obvious that they will exhibit differing inferential coverage.

      Why exactly does a layperson have to explain this to an "actual physicist"? If I had to guess, it's probably because you have spent so much time at the model level of thinking that you've lost touch with what it is like to think at the level of competing frameworks.

    30. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Re: "Where are the mathematical models?"

      An excellent place to learn about the numerous scientific papers which relate to this subject is at Ian Tresman's site here.

      However, learning the subject in this manner could be slightly confusing, as it can be difficult for people to learn new frameworks. Our tendency is to view the world through the lens of the theories we know. So, other sites have been constructed to help with this difficult process of switching frameworks. There are three sites which have been created for this purpose of facilitating the transition: here, here and here.

      There have also been a couple of essential books published on these subjects: The Electric Sky offers a technical discussion for laypeople, whereas Anthony Peratt's Physics of the Plasma Universe can be used to understand some of the more technical details at a specialist science level. That said, it is also important to read Halton Arp's published work.

      A couple of very good documentaries have also been created to try to convey these ideas -- like here and here.

      Many of us who follow these matters also keep personal libraries of papers which relate to these subjects. These libraries involve literally thousands of scientific papers, but they are typically hidden behind paywalls. So, whatever point you think you are making, it would seem that what is really happening is that you've failed to even identify the sources where these models are discussed.

      The reality of the situation is that you did not make it to first base, but this did not stop you from going online to criticize these ideas which you did not learn about.

    31. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Again, we see somebody arguing that the best way to understand the debate is to learn just one side of it. The reality of the situation is that the math is in service to the concepts and models of the framework, so when we change frameworks, the math can also -- and quite dramatically -- change. This cannot, by itself, be a complete process for judging scientific controversies.

    32. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      The youtube video includes many references to original sources, documents that describe the many attacks from scientists to the mere idea of a rocket.

      For example, the book Space Exploration by Ron Miller, says in page 21: "The idea that a rocket flew by pushing against the air behind it was a common one that many scientists of the era believed".

      But I'll let you keep ignoring the tragic story of Goddard's ridicule, when pseudoscience was found to be science after all. "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it".

      I've finished with this postings, so I'll let you have the last word. Have a nice day!

    33. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Fluctuating+Matter · · Score: 1

      This quote related to an astronomy textbook from the 1930s summarizes the situation pretty well:

      https://youtu.be/rwDnOLg0Nss?t...

      Over and out! =)

    34. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      The critiques of Robert Goddard were remarkably similar.

      This foolish idea of shooting at the Moon is an example of the absurd lengths to which vicious specialisation will carry scientists ... For a projectile entirely to escape the gravitation of the Earth, it needs a velocity of 7 miles a second. The thermal energy of a gramme at this speed is 15180 calories ... The energy of our most violent explosive -- nitroglycerine -- is less than 1500 colories per gramme. Consequently, even had the explosive nothing to carry, it has only one tenth of the energy to escape the Earth ... hence the proposition appears to be basically unsound.

      - A.W. Bickerton, New Zealand Professor of Physics & Chemistry

      Learn the math!

    35. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      Re: "I am not bothering to watch the YouTube video"

      It appears that the entire argument against electricity in space could basically be summarized with:

      I am not bothering to [read/watch] the [paper/book/video].

      What is a bit strange is that this is how the person begins their response. It is of course a statement upon the person's rigor, motivation to learn, and overall process for judging disagreements in science., and most people here who are doing this are of course not so honest about it.

    36. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Put another way, what you are saying is that all frameworks must elaborate in the same sequence as those which preceded them.

      Yes. That’s a fundamental tenant of the scientific method dumbass.

    37. Re:What is this pseudo-science doing on slashdot? by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      "There is no such thing as 'the' scientific method. Science uses many methods. There will never be a pat answer to the question 'what is science'. The very notion that there could be a pat answer bespeaks an attachment to rote learning that is incompatible with scientific thinking."

      - Richard Feynman

  16. How did this shit get posted by najajomo · · Score: 2

    @Anon: "This is clearly a troll submission. Bullshit paper in a bullshit journal. Basically the equivalent of a crackpot posting on his own blog. How did this shit get posted?"

    Slashdot are hiring on ten year olds to do the article vetting.

  17. Cold Fusion by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The theory of Plasma Universe (or Electrical Universe) is as valid as Cold Fusion

    'nuff said !

    1. Re:Cold Fusion by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      My favorite part of the cold fusion debate was when the hot fusion researchers held a "wake for cold fusion" party before they had even taken all of the data. The flyers for that party have been published online.

  18. Hopefully turning a corner by Dr+Clarage · · Score: 1

    Years ago when I got shouted down for wondering out loud if electric currents might indeed travel cosmological distances, I decided to stop arguing and just do my research. That Denise Gabuzda and others are publishing observational evidence for the presence of cosmological electric currents I hope means we have turned some kind of a corner here. Most scientists interested in electric universe models simply think we have underestimated the role of electric currents and fields in space, in cosmology, in cellular biology, in interspecies communication, in geology, in medicine, etc. Most of us do not argue or stand on soap boxes, or get into acrimonious theoretical smack-downs. We carefully and excitedly continue our experiments elucidating the wonderful ways nature uses electric fields and currents on all length and time scales. Thanks Chris for bringing this topic here.

    1. Re:Hopefully turning a corner by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Thanks Chris for bringing this topic here.

      Yes, thanks Chris. I'd also like to point out that Dr Clarage and Chris Reeve are completely different people. It would clearly be very odd for Dr Clarage to thank Chris if he was the same person. Or for Fluctuating Matter to thank Chris Reeve. That would also be strange. But he hasn't, so clearly they are also different people. Possibly more so.

    2. Re:Hopefully turning a corner by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Langan, is that you again? Damn, you keep appearing in the weirdest places.

    3. Re:Hopefully turning a corner by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      I decided to stop arguing and just do my research.

      Uh huh. And how'd all that Googling go?

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    4. Re:Hopefully turning a corner by Dr+Clarage · · Score: 1

      I am preparing latest experimental data for publication, probably in IEEE since the results will be useful to a wide variety of plasma researchers. As for accessing telescope and satellite data, I, like most all astronomers these days, do get the data online, if that is what you mean by 'googling', though somehow I think you were being more snarky and implying something else.

  19. Patent lawyer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    ....He's a patent lawyer, not qualified to discuss physics (Einstein)

    Isn't it the nature of science, that a group gets locked into magic thinking, and teaches the magic thinking as science, which in turn makes a group detached from the scientific basis. Someone *outside* comes along, points out their failure, and science heads off in a different direction? i.e. its always outsiders who do that. Einstein being a typical example.

    As a physicist you learned to accept QM as fact and selectively ignore causality to sustain that theory. ie. you've departed from science.

    So simply saying "I am a physicist, he is an engineer" does not carry the weight you think it does. Quite the reverse.

    You need to address the points, rather than attack the qualification of the man saying them, because you are uniquely unqualified to discuss physics and your PhD is more a theology degrees than a science award.

    1. Re:Patent lawyer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Einstein wasn’t an outsider. He had a Phd in physics.

      Your argument is complete bullshit and you are a complete dumbass.

    2. Re:Patent lawyer by joe_frisch · · Score: 1

      I wish the idea of Einstein as an outsider had not somehow invaded popular thinking. He was a brilliant guy, and he came up with a new way to describe a set of existing observations and which also made predictions that were soon verified. He had a physics degree, just like many he had difficulty finding a teaching position. He was recognized soon after publishing a paper on special relativity.

    3. Re:Patent lawyer by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Another example is Robert Townes, the inventor of the maser, the precursor to the laser.

      How the Laser Happened: Adventures of a Scientist
      by Charles H. Townes

      "Before -- and even after -- the maser worked, our description of its performance met with disbelief from highly respected physicists, even though no new physical principles were really involved.

      Their objections went much deeper than those that had led Rabi and Kusch to try to kill the project in its cradle; fully familiar with oscillators and molecular beams, these two never questioned the general idea. They just thought it was impractical and that it diverted departmental resources from basic physics and more sensible work.

      Llewelyn H. Thomas, a noted Columbia theorist, told me that the maser flatly could not, due to basic physics principles, provide a pure frequency with the performance I predicted.

      So certain was he that he more or less refused to listen to my explanations. After it did work, he just stopped talking to me.

      A younger physicist in the department, even after the first successful operation of the device, bet me a bottle of scotch that it was not doing what we said it would (he paid up).

      Shortly after we built a second maser and showed that the frequency was indeed remarkably pure, I visited Denmark and saw Neils Bohr, the great physicist and pioneer in the development of quantum mechanics. As we were walking along the street together, he quite naturally asked what I was doing. I described the maser and its performance.

      'But that is not possible,' he exclaimed. I assured him it was. Similarly, at a cocktail party in Princeton, New Jersey, the Hungarian mathematician John von Neumann asked what I was working on. After I told him about the maser and the purity of its frequency, he declared, 'That can’t be right!' But it was, I replied, and told him it was already demonstrated.

      Such protests were not offhand opinions concerning the obscure aspects of physics; they came from the marrow of these men’s bones.

      These were objections founded on principle -- the uncertainty principle ...

      Engineers, whose practical tasks up to that time almost never brought them face to face with such esoterica as the uncertainty principle, never had a hard time with the precise frequency the maser produced. They dealt all the time with oscillators and cavities, based on a wide variety of physical phenomena, which produced rather precise frequencies. They accepted as a matter of course that a maser oscillator might do what it did. What they were not so familiar with was the idea of stimulated emission, which gave the maser its amplifying power.

      Birth of the maser required a combination of instincts and knowledge from both engineering and physics.

      Physicists working in microwave and radio spectroscopy, which demanded engineering as well as physics skills, seem to have had the necessary knowledge and experience to both appreciate and understand the maser immediately. Rabi and Kusch, themselves in a similar field, for this reason accepted the basic physics readily. But for some others, it was startling.

      I am not sure that I ever did convince Bohr. On that sidewalk in Denmark, he told me emphatically that if molecules zip through the maser so quickly, their emission lines must be broad. After I persisted, he said, 'Oh, well, yes, maybe you are right,' but my impression was that he was simply trying to be polite to a younger physicist ..."

    4. Re:Patent lawyer by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Another example is Robert Townes, the inventor of the maser, the precursor to the laser.

      PhD from Caltech. Again not an outsider.

    5. Re:Patent lawyer by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 2

      By your own logic, Don Scott, author of The Electric Sky is an academic insider. So, you've managed to profoundly confuse the conversation with this approach of calling anybody who has a PhD an insider.

  20. Re:Do not be misled by rknop: study the controvers by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You are so full of shit.
    And it is a mental deficiency that needs psychiatry.

  21. Yes they are right. by neoRUR · · Score: 1

    So if we are living inside a computer simulation, then yes I guess we have an electric universe.

    Now your going to tell me there are computers that don't run on electricity...

    1. Re:Yes they are right. by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      We have no idea what the computers "upstairs" might run on.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  22. Nostalgia by ceoyoyo · · Score: 1

    It's been decades since Slashdot had an electric universe story. Brings me back to the early '00s. Thanks for the memories Slashdot!

    1. Re:Nostalgia by paradigmsareconstruc · · Score: 1

      Yes, it very much has the feeling of a time capsule -- as if nothing at all has occurred in the intervening years!

    2. Re:Nostalgia by RespekMyAthorati · · Score: 1

      Yes, it very much has the feeling of a time capsule -- as if nothing credible at all has occurred in the intervening years!

      FTFY.

  23. Yeah, probably has an effect by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The galaxy should be charge neutral, in practice it probably has quite a large negative charge - because:
    A) Relativity.
    B) The black hole in the center will spit out electrons preferentially simply because as it strips mass from in-falling matter the electrons are lighter and get spat further out.

    Fairly confident that the "It's charge neutral" simply isn't true once relativity gets factored in.

    That may or may not be enough to explain the universe expanding but it's likely a contributor.

  24. OVERTHROW THE LIZARD PEOPLE! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The lizard people have had a stranglehold on Physics for far too long. We must overthrow the lizard people so the truth about the electric universe can be heard.

  25. Latest attempt to high-jack mainstream science... by Mac_OSX-1 · · Score: 1

    Some galactic jets can be analyzed from the perspective of currents. This approach goes back further than most people realize: Electric Universe: Measurement of the Electric Current in a Kpc-Scale Jet