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81% of Recent ICOs Were Scams, Research Finds (bleepingcomputer.com)

Four out of five initial coin offerings (ICOs) that have taken place in the last year have been classified as scams, according to a recent study by Satis Group, an ICO advisory firm. From a report: ICOs have been the rage of the cryptocurrency world because they allow companies to raise money for various ventures by issuing cryptocurrency tokens that users could buy and later trade on cryptocurrency exchanges. The concept is similar to an IPO, but instead of shares, companies issue tokens, and some companies promised to buy tokens back from users after a product became successful and the token's value increases.

The study's results don't bode well for people who've invested in one or more and are expecting profits sometime in the near future. The Satis study organized ICOs in six categories, based on their current status. Only ICOs with a market cap of $50 million or higher have been included in the results, and the percentage of scammy ICOs would have probably bee higher if researchers looked at the smaller ICOs. According to researchers, 81% of ICO's were Scams, 6% were classified as Failed, 5% had Gone Dead, and 8% went on to trade on a exchange.

81 comments

  1. Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 3, Insightful

    Ha ha!

    A fool and his money are parted, especially when that fool wants to play in unregulated financial markets.

    Don't tell us you didn't see this one coming.

    1. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      free money? where do I sign?

    2. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Joce640k · · Score: 4, Insightful

      Yep.

      I can't believe anybody on the planet could read "Initial Coin Offering" and not think "Bunch of guys who want to get rich by selling made-up-shit to idiots".

      --
      No sig today...
    3. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by BinBoy · · Score: 1

      free money? where do I sign?

      Venezuela. The problem is somebody has to make something before you can buy it, otherwise inflation cancels out the free money.

    4. Re: Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Crypto currencies are a libertarian's dream. And anybody who's spent a few years in the real world knows that there are only 2 kinds of libertarians; scammers and victims of scammers.

    5. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      BITCONNEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEECT

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=61i2iDz7u04

      This one is so fresh it still has shill vids posted on youtube.

      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gu126dXUSh4

    6. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Wow. 2 cliches in a row. Your insightful and original comments are really contributing to a great discussion here. Let's keep up the nerd talk where we vomit tired memes at each other and make jokes about technology instead of discussing it. With comments like yours its no wonder this website is thriving.

    7. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by quantaman · · Score: 2

      Yep.

      I can't believe anybody on the planet could read "Initial Coin Offering" and not think "Bunch of guys who want to get rich by selling made-up-shit to idiots".

      Who's to say they didn't think that?

      You can make a lot of money investing in a scam as long as you get out before it collapses.

      --
      I stole this Sig
    8. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by freeze128 · · Score: 1

      Just like Certificate Authorities?

    9. Re: Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Is that you Hillary? You lost. Get over it. Sheesh, you cranky old hag.

    10. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Joce640k · · Score: 1

      Except you're not getting in at the top level with a pre-mined ICO...

      --
      No sig today...
    11. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I love how that video just replaces "bitcoin" with "bitconnect" and tries to sell itself as something, when all the things it's mentioning are about *bitcoin* and bitconnect itself doesn't do any of it.

    12. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You can make a lot of money investing in a scam as long as you get out before it collapses.

      You still don't make money because the bankruptcy trustee appointed by the court is going to present you with a court order to give it back so they can partially pay back other victims of the scam. It's called clawback and it's a thing.

    13. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by hai_Priesty · · Score: 1

      Given that 92% of the ICO didn't even follow through far enough to actually make it to public - I'd say even "just get out before it collapses" is wishful thinking.

      You'll pretty much has to be the founder and tiny handful of people working around him to have a high success chance. I bet even some of the late-coming employees will get their fingers burned when they got taken by the hype surrounding them, and judgements are easily clouded by sheer time in the office and fatigue of working 15 hour days.

    14. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      see: Greater Fool Theory.

      The ICO buyers are the ones who think there's an unlimited supply of fools greater than themselves, and they believe that gives them a 100% chance of selling the coins at a higher price.

      To someone with half a brain, it's an obvious scam. But the ICO buyers believe they're "in on" the scam. To them, ICO means "free money."
      IMO, ICO buyers deserve to lose everything.

    15. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by TheRaven64 · · Score: 1

      Someone built a thing called PonziCoin on top of Etherium. They did it as a joke, to highlight the silliness of these things and released it, explicitly stating that it was a Ponzi scheme and describing how it worked. The logic of a Ponzi scheme was embedded in the smart contract, so the fact that it was such a scam could be externally validated. After a couple of weeks, he had to shut it down because people were actually buying the coins, after being explicitly told that it was a scam by the person selling them. I think that tells you everything you need to know about ICOs.

      --
      I am TheRaven on Soylent News
    16. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by jythie · · Score: 2

      I was actually rather amused at how low their bar for 'not scam' was in that the coin only had to make it on to an exchange in order to be legit.

    17. Re:Best Nelson voice .... by stoborrobots · · Score: 1

      I suspect it's a phenomenon similar to the Cow Clicker effect, where people just want in because it feels good.

  2. And the other 19% of ICOs were hoodwinks by JoeyRox · · Score: 2

    With a margin of error +/- 5% shenanigans.

    1. Re:And the other 19% of ICOs were hoodwinks by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      With a margin of error +/- 5% shenanigans.

      What a coincidence, "ShenaniCoin" is my new startup. ("SuckerCoin" was taken.)

    2. Re:And the other 19% of ICOs were hoodwinks by gweihir · · Score: 1

      What about "Morono" as coin-name?

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    3. Re:And the other 19% of ICOs were hoodwinks by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      Isn't there a Book of Morono?

    4. Re:And the other 19% of ICOs were hoodwinks by bzipitidoo · · Score: 1

      If you take the 'I" from "Coin" and move it to the front, you get "iCon"

      --
      Intellectual Property is a monopolistic, selfish, and defective concept. It is "tyranny over the mind of man"
    5. Re:And the other 19% of ICOs were hoodwinks by gweihir · · Score: 1

      That is a great one!

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  3. ICO market cap math by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    -Creates ICO with 2 million coins
    -Sells one coin to myself for $10
    -Claims $20MM market cap

  4. ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I actually think cryptocurrency _can_ solve some real issues, and I don't believe the zero value proposition. But I'm also think that when you sell some sort of pre-mined coins to fund your "operations", that's just a scam, even if you don't think it is.

    Pre-mining, and selling the coins before you even open up the network to outsiders is an unfair advantage. Perhaps these people think they have good intentions, but the fact that they've taken a portion of the coins purely for themselves is a HUGE conflict of interest.

  5. I'm shocked, I tell you, shocked! by imperious_rex · · Score: 4, Insightful

    IPOs are tightly regulated by the SEC for many years. ICOs are scarcely regulated and are the current "hot thing" for speculators. Is anybody truly surprised by this? Of course ICOs will bring out scammers who prey on people hungry for "the next Bitcoin." This is to be as expected as flies drawn to a steaming pile of dung.

    1. Re:I'm shocked, I tell you, shocked! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      dung

      What a fun word.
      Dung.
      I'm going to find a way to work this into conversation today.

    2. Re:I'm shocked, I tell you, shocked! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Did your doorbell go ding-dong?"

      "Yes, it dung."

    3. Re:I'm shocked, I tell you, shocked! by Joce640k · · Score: 1
      --
      No sig today...
  6. It's hard out hear for a blockchain dev by Error629 · · Score: 1, Interesting

    As somebody working on what I imagine will be an upending blockchain solution, it's rather disappointing to have to deal with this. People either think every solution is going to be a scam, when sometimes the problem is the investor is overvaluing them. When things settle down and the industry regulates itself (or SEC forces the issue), ICO's will be the new Silicon Valley for VC's.

    --
    _________
    The world doesn't just disappear when you close your eyes, does it?
    1. Re:It's hard out hear for a blockchain dev by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Keep dreaming buddy!

  7. bitco by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    neeeeeeeeeeeeeeect

  8. 81%... by c · · Score: 1

    ... so far.

    19% to go.

    --
    Log in or piss off.
  9. No scam with APKoin by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

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    Get APKoin by "Kick stomping heart" FAKE name slashdot l[users] who dare defy brilliant APK

    Redeemable for ultra premium moose dik you can suck or take in ass

    Premium rewards like suk my MEGA MAN PENIS or lick my gaint ballz

    APK

    P.S.=> The Soros and ROTHSCHILD backed jew bankers want to destroy CRYPTO COIN because it can derail their plans to enslave great american worker. Trump was the first major disruption to they plans APKoins is the next... apk

  10. What??? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You mean 19% of them WEREN'T scams? That's the really AMAZING part!

  11. I saw "scam" by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    but read it as Immense Creimer Object and did a double take!

  12. Only 81%? by jandrese · · Score: 5, Insightful

    In shocking news today apparently 19% of ICOs are not scams. Economists interviewed about this story are at a loss to explain the situation.

    Although according to the summary the number is closer to 8%.

    --

    I read the internet for the articles.
    1. Re:Only 81%? by JaredOfEuropa · · Score: 4, Insightful
      More. I fixed the summary a little:

      81% of ICO's were Scams, 6% were classified as Failed Scams, 5% as Scams Gone Dead, and 8% went on to trade on a exchange

      So it's more like 92%. And I'm not so sure about the remaining 8% either.

      --
      If construction was anything like programming, an incorrectly fitted lock would bring down the entire building...
    2. Re:Only 81%? by Khashishi · · Score: 1

      So, 92% are scams that have reached their conclusion. The other 8% are scams that are still ongoing.

    3. Re:Only 81%? by rtb61 · · Score: 1

      That is not scams, as much as scams in the terms of reference. So not that make believe money with no backing is a scam but that there was no real intent to create make believe money with no backing, just charging for attempting to do so and keeping the money when failing. So just way more scammy, rather than not just plain scammy. In this case, scam is very much tied to the terms of reference, being able to create make believe money with no backing in the public market or even intending to attempt to do so.

      --
      Chaos - everything, everywhere, everywhen
    4. Re:Only 81%? by gweihir · · Score: 1

      I think this study just has a margin of error of 19%.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    5. Re:Only 81%? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The 8% are operating in "long con" mode.

    6. Re:Only 81%? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Just because it's not a scam, doesn't make it a good business proposition...

  13. Cryptoscams everywhere! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If so-called cryptocurrencies are really good innovation, why they attract so many criminals/criminal activity?
    Could it really be because, all cryptocurrencies themselves are scams, and that is why they attract all kinds of criminals/criminal activity?

    If so-called cryptocurrencies are really currency, why no company/store can use Bitcoin as currency anymore?
    Because the price of Bitcoin proved to be extremely unstable to use as a currency?
    Would the result be different, if Bitcoin replaced by any other "cryptocurrency"?
    Aren't all work the same way?

    Or, they are not actually virtual currency but virtual investment?
    But, if they are actually investment, why we need/want them?
    What would happen to world economy, if people invested in virtual investments, instead of real investments?

    Or, all so-called cryptocurrencies are actually just a modified (made decentralized and paying variable interest) Ponzi Schemes?
    (Price of cryptocurrencies would keep increasing in the long term (by their design), so it is equivalent of paying variable interest to all long term investors.)

    As more and more people invest in cryptocurrencies, it will become harder and harder to ban their trading everywhere!
    All cryptocurrencies need to be banned globally before it is too late!

  14. How many of the survivors are worth anything? by timrod · · Score: 1

    I'd be curious to see how much the surviving currencies are actually trading for, given how most cryptos that aren't Bitcoin or Ethereum trade for under a dollar, with many trading for a fraction of a penny per coin. I somehow doubt that any of the surviving coins have made money for anyone but their creators and those firms that will do pump and dumps on various cryptos and spread the news to their paying clients.

    1. Re:How many of the survivors are worth anything? by mysidia · · Score: 1

      I've been sitting on the sidelines and not bought in a single ICO, although there is the potential for some enormous opportunities --- Perhaps in 12-24 more months when the dust settles; people can start looking at the OLDER ICOs for ones that have some merit: and then very carefully vet the code that the ICOs represent to make sure there's an actual project with realistic expectations......

  15. Mine more Ethereum faster by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    by sucking my dick.

  16. Hmm... by kurkosdr · · Score: 5, Insightful

    Looks like some libertarians had a taste of a true free market, unhindered by the burden of overbearing government regulation...

    1. Re:Hmm... by whoever57 · · Score: 0

      Libertarian paradise in our times! [see my signature!]

      --
      The real "Libtards" are the Libertarians!
    2. Re:Hmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      libertardians

      FTFY

    3. Re:Hmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      And true libertarians should have no issue with it. No one forced those "investors" in these ICOs to do so, and so they're on the hook for their own failure to do due diligence prior to engaging in transactions in an unregulated market. Them's the breaks. If you want a big reward, you may need to make a big risk... gambles don't always pay off.

      Maybe they can have some relief via the court system, but I'd be willing to bet that the scam artists are either heavily anonymous, well outside US jurisdiction, or both.

    4. Re:Hmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      the scam artists are either heavily anonymous, well outside US jurisdiction, or both.

      Since when has that stopped the Americans from detaining or killing whomever they wish? They don't even need to do it themselves when they can simply make a phone call and have any number of client governments happy to arrest the peon in question and deliver them gift wrapped merely to curry favor. When the Americans give governments hundreds of millions of aid dollars per year that creates some pressure to answer the phone and do whatever they ask as long as it's even half way reasonable and handing over a scam artist sounds like a very reasonable request to me.

    5. Re: Hmm... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You said do-due!! hehe

  17. Not gonna lie by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There are a lot of idiot investors out there that jumped on the ship way late, and sent the thing sailing into high price points that are way to high way too early, or is it?

    But it crashed!

    But its not dead.

    It didn't crash because its dying, it crashed because it got hyper inflated by late and poorly informed investors.

    How many millionaires do I know? I did not know the answer of this until last fall, when suddenly people I didn't even know knew who I was and also knew that I knew about bitcoin, and they wanted to invest.

    A farmer, an industrial capitalist, an Italian food restaurant chain owner, a burger chain owner, a tug boat company executive, on and on and on. They wanted some bitcoin, they didn't ask what the price was today, they wanted to know what it would be tomorrow if it did the same thing it did yesterday.

    And I told them all, its gonna crash.

    And it will crash again.

    But it wont die.

    So the moral of the story is, invest wisely.

    And yes the SEC should be involved, there are scams out there.

    The farmer went with a program for 16000$ against all good advice because he was promised quadruple returns in 3 years. Its still only been 8-10 months, maybe he will see quadruple in 2 more years.

    The SEC needs to be involved because whomever told him he would get quadrupled returns in 3 years did not also tell him that he may lose everything, and get a signature waiving liability from the investor if something out of the counsels control went wrong.

    I'd wager that if the farmer guy I know had to agree to that, he maybe wouldn't have invested, and he definitely would not be as panic'y as he is right now stressing out over it, because he knew and agreed to that going in.

    Scale that wager, and bitcoin might not have ballooned.

    By the way, have you guys heard about that new Facebook IPO? Should I buy in now?

  18. Just gotta pick the good ones! by Notabadguy · · Score: 2

    Personally, I pledge my faith in Dogecoin.

    1. Re: Just gotta pick the good ones! by c6gunner · · Score: 2

      It's funny ... I got some dogecoin just as a laugh and forgot all about it. Given the hashing rate i expected it to be in a constant state of inflation, so I never expected to get my money back.

      A year later I checked the price and it was selling for 10 times what I paid.

      People are nuts. I cashed out and called it a win.

    2. Re: Just gotta pick the good ones! by dmt0 · · Score: 1

      1 Doge = 10 Doge???? Sooooo blockchain!

  19. The rest were *good* scams. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    There is no such thing as a profit-making scheme that is not a scam by its very definition.

    I mean it isn't called /earnings/ for a reason!

  20. Impersonating me again? Please (lol)... apk by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    See subject: The fact you nigh constantly try to impersonate me tells me I got to you so badly (due to your own mistakes) it's eating you up & the FUNNIEST PART? You did it to yourself - I think it's hilarious!

    * You're an obsessed loon...

    APK

    P.S.=> You make me laugh - crazy people like you do you know... apk

  21. Awfully narrow definition of scams by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    If you loosen the definition of scams just slightly, the rest of the ICOs were also scams.

  22. All other ICOs are SCAMS! Buy HostsCoin! by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Get a huge return with HostsCoins while speeding up your internet and STOPPING ALL HACKING! All other ICO are SCAM but HostsCoin is LEGIT and YUGE!

  23. I can tell crypto-currency is hurting by rsilvergun · · Score: 1

    because I can get a GTX 1060 6gb for only $120 more than I paid a year ago. I suspect the prices'll go back to normal soon. There's outfits out of China working on ASICs that can do Ethereum.

    --
    Hi! I make Firefox Plug-ins. Check 'em out @ https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/youtube-mp3-podcaster/
  24. In other news... by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Researchers unable to identify the scam in 19% of ICOs.

    1. Re:In other news... by gweihir · · Score: 1

      Indeed.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
  25. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by war4peace · · Score: 1

    Those were not coins, they were tokens. They don't need to be mined or anything, they're just made up.

    --
    ...gis sdrawkcab (usually not responding to ACs; don't bother posting as AC)
  26. Darlose Award by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    Is there a Darwin Award for big monetary loss?

  27. Corporate Cavemen [Re:Hmm...] by Tablizer · · Score: 1

    libertardians

    Their pursuit of a Mad-Max-esque (MME) world may be legitimate, from a certain angle. One cannot say that a MME world is objectively bad. It's a matter of preference.

    A libertarian may reply and say, "I made an x-coin purchase choice and it didn't work out. Live and learn. If I die due to my bad decision, so what. The species overall will be stronger. Survival as a species is better than fluffy comfort in the short term. It's not about just me."

    I consider many libertarians a hybrid between Klingons and Ferengis.

    1. Re:Corporate Cavemen [Re:Hmm...] by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's not about just me.

      A libertardian with such insight will cease to be a libertardian.

    2. Re:Corporate Cavemen [Re:Hmm...] by Tablizer · · Score: 1

      An Ayn Randian and Libertarian are not necessarily the same thing.

  28. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    please explain one "real" issue that cryptocurrency addresses?

  29. Who had the last laugh? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The Chinese caught on to it pretty quickly and banned them. Other countries eventually followed suite.
    Who's laughing now, the Chinese people who were blocked or the free market Americans pointing at them laughing and yelling freedom while getting scammed left and right.

  30. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Those were not coins, they were tokens. They don't need to be mined or anything, they're just made up.

    and? none of the crypto coins are coins and they are ALL JUST MADE UP.

  31. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by war4peace · · Score: 1

    Simply untrue, but hey, you+'re welcome to continue believing nonsense.

    --
    ...gis sdrawkcab (usually not responding to ACs; don't bother posting as AC)
  32. This study has exactly 19% error by gweihir · · Score: 1

    Obviously. Greed makes people blind.

    --
    Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    1. Re:This study has exactly 19% error by jythie · · Score: 1

      I think it is less 'greed' and more 'arrogance'. Speculators generally know it is a scam, but they believe they can manipulate it quicker and better than other investors. People think they are smart and other people are stupid, and are hoping to profit based off that belief.

    2. Re:This study has exactly 19% error by gweihir · · Score: 1

      That too. It this case greed may make them even more blind to their own stupidity, or they may already be completely blind to it without the greed.

      --
      Most ACs are not even worth the keystrokes to insult them. Be generically insulted by this and ignored otherwise.
    3. Re: This study has exactly 19% error by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I don't get the math. Of 5 ICOs, 4 were scams, and that's 81%? Or does it mean one was only slightly scammy?

  33. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by jythie · · Score: 1

    From a speculator's perspective they are identical. It does not matter if the mining is done by the company releasing the coin or by 3rd parties, they are still created and traded in similar manners.

  34. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by war4peace · · Score: 1

    WTF. They are not created in similar manners.

    --
    ...gis sdrawkcab (usually not responding to ACs; don't bother posting as AC)
  35. Re:ONLY 80% of ICOs? I'd say 100% by stoborrobots · · Score: 1

    The initial motivation is for a mechanism for transferring value between two parties, without requiring a central entity to mediate the exchange.

    We can do this in the real world by handing cash from one party to the second.

    Cryptocurrencies allow us to do this over the internet. The problem at the moment is that they do not allow us to do this *well*.