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Red Hat CEO Talks About State Of Open Source (techcrunch.com)

To mark Red Hat's 25th anniversary, TechCrunch spoke with the company's CEO Jim Whitehurst to talk about the past, present and future of the company, and open-source software in general. An excerpt: "Ten years ago, open source at the time was really focused on offering viable alternatives to traditional software," he told me. "We were selling layers of technology to replace existing technology. [...] At the time, it was open source showing that we can build open-source tech at lower cost. The value proposition was that it was cheaper." At the time, he argues, the market was about replacing Windows with Linux or IBM's WebSphere with JBoss. And that defined Red Hat's role in the ecosystem, too, which was less about technological information than about packaging. "For Red Hat, we started off taking these open-source projects and making them usable for traditional enterprises," said Whitehurst.

About five or six ago, something changed, though. Large corporations, including Google and Facebook, started open sourcing their own projects because they didn't look at some of the infrastructure technologies they opened up as competitive advantages. Instead, having them out in the open allowed them to profit from the ecosystems that formed around that. "The biggest part is it's not just Google and Facebook finding religion," said Whitehurst. "The social tech around open source made it easy to make projects happen. Companies got credit for that." He also noted that developers now look at their open-source contributions as part of their resume. With an increasingly mobile workforce that regularly moves between jobs, companies that want to compete for talent are almost forced to open source at least some of the technologies that don't give them a competitive advantage.

In October, Whitehurst also answered questions from Slashdot readers.

64 comments

  1. a duy by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Open source is great do more open source. It's not that our business model is built around being a paid safety net for big corporations that demand such things when doing that open source. I just really love it. The source thats open. You can do more of that and we can be more paid support for it. Open source A#1.

  2. How do these companies profit? by MobyDisk · · Score: 2

    Large corporations, including Google and Facebook, started open sourcing their own projects because...having them out in the open allowed them to profit from the ecosystems that formed around that.

    I'm happy that this has happened, but I'm unclear why. I read the article, and it didn't explain. How did Google profit from open sourcing Angular? How did Twitter profit from Bootstrap?

    1. Re:How do these companies profit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      UNDERWEAR !!

    2. Re:How do these companies profit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It's about brand recognition, free advertisement, and help from the open source community who will work for free. How much does a good programmer cost yearly to hire them vs them doing the work for free?

    3. Re:How do these companies profit? by pr0fessor · · Score: 4, Informative

      My best guess is that having and using these as a standard allows more applications to easily connect to their services. Microsoft's open source projects and other non-commercial products tend to be targeted at bringing in more developers for the windows family products or management tools that make adopting microsoft easier.

    4. Re:How do these companies profit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      A company that must build infrastructure can release it as open source with the idea that a healthy open source ecosystem can reduce its development costs. Reduced costs means more profit, simple as that.

    5. Re:How do these companies profit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How do these companies profit?

      The companies don't have to pay for software development with open source, and open source projects often foster a large, dedicated following of developers and users.

    6. Re:How do these companies profit? by slack_justyb · · Score: 5, Informative

      When you create an in-house library, you have to have your folks do documentation, train new employees to the library, have your people not only develop off that library but patch it as well. Now that's not everything there but those are some major tick marks in the world. Open Sourcing reduces those to different degrees. However, it's not a panacea. It's important to have a business model based on a service and then open source the tools you use to have new hires already up to speed on what you all do before they get in the door.

      That doesn't make you money, but it saves you money. However, it all means nothing if you don't have a service to sell first.

    7. Re:How do these companies profit? by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I imagine having people willing train themselves with your tools likely justifies the cost of open sourcing many of their popular libraries.

  3. It also doesn't really matter by DeplorableCodeMonkey · · Score: 2

    The company that built the product is going to automatically hold a strong majority of the mindshare around it unless they really behave like assholes. Case in point: don't be like Joyent viz a viz Node.JS (savagely attack core contributors on your corporate blog over pronoun politics). Be like Facebook with React (actually show you care about the community's concerns for the most part).

    1. Re:It also doesn't really matter by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      pff that's you who makes it about politics chump.

  4. Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0, Informative

    Has ruined the Linux ecosystem. Is this the garbage that RH is proud of?

    1. Re:Systemd by jfdavis668 · · Score: 4, Interesting

      Not a fan of systemd, but how has it ruined the ecosystem? I see a continued rise with Linux taking over just about everything.

    2. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Monolithic systemd-based systems are harder to maintain and debug in many cases. But even more problematic is the difficulty to vary and switch components, to experiment and try out new things, since systemd "swallows" so much of your base system. Also, a small group of people have effective control over this key part of the system.

    3. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Interesting

      Linux was already strong and rising, and systemd was/is a corrupt, polluting and aggressive attempt to take over Linux in that rise.

      The utterly arbitrary, hard-coded dependencies to systemd that were created overnight are some of the many signs of the corruption. The way that systemd was railroaded through Debian is another indication of the corruption.

      A lot of folks have moved to BSD, but we are starting to see somewhat of a recovery from the systemd scourge, with more substantial Linux distros adopting other inits.

    4. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Not a fan of systemd, but how has it ruined the ecosystem?

      Change for the sake of change breaking everything is ruinous.

    5. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Yep, if I wanted some black box that's a pain in the ass to debug, I'd just use a docker container. Systemd makes linux much less attractive. Like having herpes.

    6. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Going to an entirely different OS like BSD or Windows is a bit of a jerk move when there are GNU builds based on Linux like Arch, Slackware, and Gentoo to work with.

      Wow! This single sentence is just so crazy and self-contradictory, it's hard to know where to begin.

      In the first place, how can one's OS choice be "a jerk move?" I guess if one was a systemd fan boy, he/she might be offended by such a choice.

      Secondly, those who are leaving Linux to escape systemd are doing so because systemd is too much like Windows -- so they would never even consider Windows. That does not make any sense. Furthermore, nobody coming from Linux who is considering one of the BSDs would ever even entertain the notion of running Windows as their main OS.

      Why would you even mention Windows as a possibility (unless you don't know what you are talking about)?

      Also, the first Linux distro that you mention -- Arch Linux -- was the earliest major distro to adopt systemd (and they did so enthusiastically). Nobody trying to escape systemd would ever consider a default Arch install nor would they think of using most of Arch's systemd-based derivative distros.

      By the way, speaking of jerks, the mods on the Arch forum are the biggest jerks in Linux, next to Poettering and Co.

      Another response might be "Did they go to Debian/BSD?", since you can run systemd on pretty much any kernel.

      Huh? Are you asking if they ran systemd on BSD? Not sure what is your point.

      No. Most who went to the BSDs didn't bother with Debian and their corrupt technical committee, and went to the actual BSDs.

    7. Re:Systemd by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      Exactly how is it difficult to switch components when they are separate binaries? It's not like systemd magically forces you to write "systemd-xx" when you want to excute tool "xx" instead.

    8. Re:Systemd by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      The dependencies of systemd that where "created overnight" (which of course they wheren't, but ok) where done due to systemd providing infrastructure that these other projects (like gnome) deemed useful. And they are not hard-coded either since what they require is just the D-BUS namespace of the particular systemd service that they utilize which is how i.e the BSDs still can use gnome even thought it have a "hard-coded dependency on systemd".

    9. Re:Systemd by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      Pain in the ass to debug? I actually find the journal to be far more easier to use for debugging a system than the old sysv+syslog where you often would miss lots of logs (due to sysv not logging stdout and stderr without tricks by the daemon/init-script developers).

    10. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      The hard-coded dependencies for systemd are numerous and are completely arbitrary. "Fearless Leader" himself pushed his Gnome buddies to make systemd and external dependency (which they obviously obliged):
      https://mail.gnome.org/archives/desktop-devel-list/2011-May/msg00427.html

      So, if the Gnome creeps "deemed" systemd "useful," they did so because it was useful in furthering their and Poettering's agenda -- not because any dependency was necessary.

      Systemd fan boys are a lost cause. I only hope that those who are unaware read the above Poettering message and realize what is actually going on with this corrupt software invasion.

      These dependencies ARE hard-coded and externally pointing to systemd. So, it is very difficult to untangle this unnecessary web woven by systemd, and that difficulty is evident from the huge efforts required on the part of the Devuan team to get to their first release. They couldn't just copy the repositories -- they had to find and change the numerous pointers to systemd, from the ever-increasing number of packages which unnecessarily depend on systemd.

      Also, a user can't just change the init in a systemd-based distro (as systemd supporters like to declare), even with tools to help. It is an extreme chore for an individual to maintain a systemd-based installation without systemd. One must often resort to shims and other hacks to run packages in such a scenario -- packages which had no problem with running (and no problem with swap-ability) prior to the appearance of systemd.

      You can continually deny the reality of the situation regarding systemd/Poettering, and you might convince a few newbies. However, those of us who have been around the block a few times are not fooled.

    11. Re:Systemd by Waccoon · · Score: 1

      I see a continued rise with Linux taking over just about everything.

      25+ years in, people are still trying to convince themselves this is true.

    12. Re:Systemd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Best part is this https://mail.gnome.org/archives/desktop-devel-list/2011-May/msg00447.html in reply to Josselin Mouette that was questioning the desire from Lennart Poettering to get gnome linux-dependent.

      "> Frankly, BSD is doing quite well. They have ported upower and I expect
      > to have a udisks port eventually. So far nothing has prevented GNOME
      > from fully working on BSD, and adding an arbitrary dependency just
      > because you don’t want to maintain some #ifdef’s in systemd would be a
      > real loss.

      It's not just some #ifdefs. It's a ton. Lemme list a couple of Linux
      specific interfaces that are used in systemd, you'd have to find
      replacements for:"

      Read https://mail.gnome.org/archives/desktop-devel-list/2011-May/msg00447.html for the list. And that was in 2011. Lot of replacements required not to depend on systemd, even though providing features that existed before.

    13. Re:Systemd by F.Ultra · · Score: 1

      I think that you are reading way too much into that post. Proposing something to be blessed as an external dependency is how you do when you work with Gnome, so this is just him proposing this, not forcing any one. And the main dependency (i.e the very one that made people fear that Gnome would not work on BSD anymore) was done earlier than this and not by any push from Poettering at all.

      And no these dependencies are not hardwired for systemd, it's still only a dependency on D-BUS namespaces and the major one is the logind one which BSD created their own version of.

      And regarding "It is an extreme chore for an individual to maintain a systemd-based installation without systemd", well you choose to do it this way. You reap what you sow. Or have you ever tried to change the init in say FreeBSD to SysV? Try that one for kicks if you think that your non-systemd on a systemd-distribution was too easy.

    14. Re: Systemd by kenh · · Score: 1

      I see a continued rise with Linux taking over just about everything.

      Except, of course, the desktop.

      --
      Ken
  5. The cloud changed by jellomizer · · Score: 4, Interesting

    Open Source Software especially the GNU variety, tends to limit on ways people can profit off of GNU Software (Where selling the actual software is near impossible when people can get it legally for free).

    Now what the cloud did was having this software for free, but who really cares, because you can put it in a server farm data center mega infrastructure, and you just pay for the computing that you use. Sure you can have the software and its source, because chances are you will not have the millions of dollars to implement the massive data center to fully utilize it.

    Where a decade back. We were operating with small server farms (normally for a fair size organization) having a couple of racks of servers where each one was doing one or two jobs. Meaning the software sales were important, because people are not going to pay a monthly fee to run it on their servers, when they can buy the software and the servers themselves and run it over a long period of time.

    So Open Source is more palatable because it doesn't conflict with their business model.

    --
    If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    1. Re:The cloud changed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Software sales was never the business model, except for businesses that died off and were never heard from again.

      After sale support is the business model. The only reason why MicroSoft is proprietary is because it forces you to stay within their ecosystem (and support contracts). If it were open source, you wouldn't need to go to them for support. The cost of the software is really nothing more than a marketing placebo priced to make you think you "got what you paid for".

      The cloud never changed that. It just gave CEO's the justification to skip the actual software cost part of the equation. Budgets are more palatable when they only include 'up front' costs and not long term 'continuing support' costs.

    2. Re:The cloud changed by jellomizer · · Score: 1

      Software sales uses to be a big business model. However the issue is they moved to the cloud, for funding, just to fight piracy much easier.
      The support business model assumes the following. The product is hard/complex to use by a normal user (a normal marketing negative). The product isn't of high quality so it will break a lot and require a lot of fixing.

      The Companies like Microsoft and Adobe use use to make their money selling software, had moved to a subscription based cloud offering, where you don't need to pay updates, as you always have the shiny new version. The cost of the software was normally determined by supply and demand, like all other things. Where the supply is based on the number of competitors the software had, and demand was how much people wanted the software.

      --
      If something is so important that you feel the need to post it on the internet... It probably isn't that important.
    3. Re:The cloud changed by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Software might have been a big business model but a very long time ago. MS DOS was easy to get on the side. And some other software like MS Flight Simulator incompatible with other DOS, for instance DR DOS that was said to outperform MS DOS. The policy of development of Microsoft has never to get all the user pay their Windows copy. Without War3z, it probably would not have been so succesfully deployed over the planet.

    4. Re: The cloud changed by kenh · · Score: 1

      You literally have no idea what you are talking about.

      Have you ever read Gate's letter to hobbyists?

      The miracle of Microsoft, the thing that propelled them into near total market dominance was started with MS BASIC in ROM on every PC (Radio Shack, atari, commodore, etc), then IBM picked MS-DOS over CP/M, and then Windows server sealed the deal - it was stable enough, had a huge developer base, and had a major support organization behind it. Unix was fractured across multiple companies and everything else was marginal at best (Pick?).

      --
      Ken
  6. The eras of open source by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    IMO:
    The first era of open source software was about developer freedom.
    The second era was about developer freedom.
    The current era is about agility and cost control, both for product developers and the users. This is also seen by the rise of public clouds.

  7. Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Slashdot has its share of haters who complain that others in FOSS are more successful than they are by embracing the business world. Too bad?

    Whitehurst, Shuttleworth, et al have done a million times more for FOSS than these complainers could ever dream of. No matter how much the complainers whine about "greedy corporations," guys like Whitehurst guys have taken Linux and FOSS into the mainstream while the whiners have taken three trips to the kitchen from their mom's basement in-between posting on Slashdot about why corporations are bad.

    Logic would dictate that it's a good thing to see large, successful organizations built on FOSS. But jealously gets in the way.

    1. Re:Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Informative

      Whitehurst is no contributor to open source. He hasn't done s**t for Linux, except for the fact that he allowed/allows the systemd scourge to continue -- and he avoids dealing with the issue when someone confronts him with it.

      Not sure why you brought up Shuttleworth, but at least he actually helped Linux and open source somewhat by heavily promoting Ubuntu. On the other hand, he definitely has had serious lapses in judgement by accepting systemd into Ubuntu, and by suddenly killing several promising projects (such as Unity).

    2. Re:Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Depends on what you value open source software for. I worked in open source software happily before anyone was making money with it and still do. All these assholes have done is force a bunch of shit into open source software to make it easier for them to make money. Do you think we didn't realize we had the option to fuck up our projects by making them commercial and easier to sell? We chose not to do that on purpose. Nobody is jealous of these guys, they're not contributing anything of value.

      Large, successful (I assume you mean rich) organizational adoption does not help further the goals of most open source projects. That is more something you want to happen with commercial software you intend to make money from, where quality and functionality take a backseat to making money. You build shit to lock your customer in and make it hard for them to switch, which is obviously not in their best interest.

    3. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Making money through voluntary transactions is both ethical and signifies that the customer wants what you're selling. Sure, people often get rich through cronyism, but many businesses also get big because they're good at what they do and they are delivering something that the customer values.

    4. Re:Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Redhat and Canonical have done jack shit.

      Redhat is currently killing Linux and Canonical has dumbed it down to the point of uselessness.

      The rise of those two companies have brought Linux down to the level of Windows in both usefulness and stability.

      numbnuts

    5. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      ...Says guy who has done nothing to bring Linux mainstream but has honed his whining ability to tremendous +XP.

    6. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      How do you know what I have or have not done?

      Bringing something mainstream is by definition making it worse because the average person is a total retard.

      numbnuts

    7. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I am trying to think of a single commercial software company or project that is ethical by any rational standard.

      Spoiler: There isn't one.

      numbnuts

    8. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Ah, yes, for as we all know, the greatest mark of success is total failure in getting people to use, let alone pay for your product. By that standard, you must be among the world's greatest geniuses. A rebel without applause.

    9. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm not sure you know what the words ethical, rational, or standard actually mean.

    10. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Nice deflection, numbnuts.

      Not even a corporate whore can name an ethical commercial project.

    11. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      We are a Red Hat customer.... Come on.... they donâ(TM)t feel any different from other vendors.... a lot of the open source stuff they produce are unusable without paid support.

    12. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Well, limpdick, you haven't mentioned any accomplishments in this thread, so based on the evidence...

      What you've done: Bitch and whine
      What you haven't done: Anything of value

      If it's retards you're looking for, go stand in front of your bathroom sink.

    13. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Why do you enjoy corporate cock so much?

      Locking in brain-dead customers is hardly an achievement. I know it makes you butthurt but the truth is that creating anything for the masses means it is of low quality. You can see it in action on the radio and in the theaters and TV. It is just fact that you and your teeming masses have no brains and no standards, deal with it numbnuts.

      Call me when one of the companies you blow does something noteworthy.

    14. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Fascinating, you reveal so much of your insecurities.

      Since your only accomplishment is sucking corporate cock, I beat you even if I am a homeless crackhead or changing the world or anywhere in between.

      numbnuts

    15. Re: Whitehurst: one of FOSS' greatest heroes by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Coca Cola...

  8. Redhat is a premium Linux Brand by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Redhat is a premium Linux Brand. People use it for highly critical systems. They don't use RHEL at home or on desktops.

    Redhat provides a huge value-add for companies with complex problems. RH has smart engineers with hands-on practical knowledge. They won't ship a new hire with 1 month Linux experience to a client location, like many of the big "IT consulting" companies do.

    Redhat also provides a curated, validated, set of container images. This isn't like grabbing some docker image from Joe-Blowe on the free dockerhub and hoping everything will be fine.

    If your problems aren't complex or aren't for critical has-to-work systems, then there is centOS or debian or Ubuntu or any number of other options.

    Redhat is fine with that, since that isn't where they make their money. Eventually, profitable businesses will have complex and critical systems. Then they will need redhat support.

    And I'm not trying to be rude. We don't use Redhat where I work. In a few years, after our company has matured and is earning tonnes-o-cash, we will switch over some systems.

    1. Re:Redhat is a premium Linux Brand by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      It might be a good idea to refrain from the Kool-Aid for a little while.

    2. Re:Redhat is a premium Linux Brand by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      KoolAid is good, when you add enough sugar.

      I've never owned anything from Apple. Think I'm safe.

      I'm mostly an Ubuntu Server guy, but I've run almost all the major other distros over my 20+ yrs with Linux. Never did manjoro.

      I didn't mean to imply that other distros aren't highly useful. If I'm running $100M/day through a system, just to make myself and the C-suite guys happy, if it runs Linux, it will be Redhat.

      For hosting cat photos/videos, I don't think it matters.

  9. Five or six ago by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 2

    About five or six ago, something changed

    Five or six what ago? Releases? CEOs? Doctor Whos?

    --
    systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
    1. Re:Five or six ago by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Five or six Libraries of Congresses ago.

    2. Re:Five or six ago by jeff4747 · · Score: 1

      You do realize you're intended to read the entire thing and not just start at a random sentence, right? 'Cause there's context in the first paragraph that tells you what they're referring to.

    3. Re:Five or six ago by wonkey_monkey · · Score: 1

      What? There's very clearly a missing word in that sentence. No amount of "context" stops it being an error.

      --
      systemd is Roko's Basilisk.
  10. State: Blatant violations of the GPL - GRSecurity by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    The state of opensource is that it is freely ignored by licensees, blatantly violated, with no enforcement.

    "You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein"

    GPLv2 forbids additional restrictive terms added to the agreement between the licencee and those to whom the licensee distributes the work (or derivative work). (distributees)
    Terms can be memorialized or not. They can be verbal, be evinced by a course of business dealings, or be in a writing.
    Here the additional terms added to the agreement were in a writing (they are memorialized).

    The writing even outlines various penalties to be assessed if the client makes use of the rights granted by the original grantor vs the newly added restriction by GRSecurity / Brad Spengler!

  11. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 1

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  12. Comment removed by account_deleted · · Score: 1

    Comment removed based on user account deletion

  13. what about by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Firing Leinnart Pottering? Have you done that yet?

    1. Re:what about by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      Don't fire him - fire at him!

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  14. Red Hat == Microsoft by walterbyrd · · Score: 1

    Really no difference between the two partner companies any more.

  15. Re:Systemd works fine by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Where is the configuration to not make it a monolithic pile of shit?

    numbnuts

  16. Re:Systemd works fine by gerald.edward.butler · · Score: 0

    Since you obviously don't know the meaning of the word "Monolithic" I can dismiss you. You have been weighed and measured and found to be irrelevant. Please proceed to the soylent recycling facility "citizen".