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'Biology Will Be the Next Big Computing Platform' (wired.com)

An anonymous reader writes: "Amazon, but for Crispr." It's a notion that may sound far-fetched -- but it's exactly what Synthego, a Silicon Valley biotech startup, wants to be. Synthego's first product let scientists order a custom Crispr kit and have it delivered within a week; in the next few weeks, the startup will add custom Crispr'd human cell lines to its on-demand offerings, which will help scientists working on potentially life-saving medicines. Crispr, as this WIRED guide explains, "is a new class of molecular tools that scientists can use to precisely target and cut any kind of genetic material." It's revolutionizing biology -- but neither of Synthego's founders is a biologist. Turns out, in the ever-expanding industry around genome engineering, that's hardly a disqualifier.

Across the country, companies are trying to snag a seat on the fast-moving Crispr train. There's Inscripta, which is gunning to be the Apple of gene-editing by building the biological equivalent of the personal computer. In theory, that hardware will make gene editing as easy as pushing a button. And then there's Twist Biosciences, which can print out a powerful Crispr guide (the tool that identifies the bits of genetic code a scientist is hoping to target) on a single semiconductor chip -- the Intel of genome engineering, if you will. As Megan Molteni writes, "all these analogies to the computing industry are more than just wordplay." Rather, they offer a language for understanding the complex world of Crispr. "Crispr is making biology more programmable than ever before," Molteni writes. "And the biotech execs staking their claims in Crispr's backend systems have read their Silicon Valley history. They're betting biology will be the next great computing platform, DNA will be the code that runs it, and Crispr will be the programming language."

70 comments

  1. Crispr'd by Hognoxious · · Score: 0, Redundant

    Oh for the good old days, when an apostrophe meant "look out, 's' on the way!", and that's how we liked it.

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    1. Re:Crispr'd by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I don't get it. I can't. I won't.

  2. My startup by 110010001000 · · Score: 4, Funny

    My startup is planning on being the next "Uber for Crispr". Our current valuation is $54.3B but we are looking at a $3T market. If you are interested in learning more, just message me.

    1. Re:My startup by tomhath · · Score: 1

      I would, but I'm busy with my "Twitter for Crispr" company.

    2. Re:My startup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      "Uber for Crispr".

      So, you're planning an online service to connect people with Crispr who are mildly competent with people who want custom DNA strands and have money?

      Sounds like what Shapeways is doing for 3D printing.

    3. Re:My startup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dudes, my Crispr Blockchain startup will cyber circles around your small minded companies.

    4. Re:My startup by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I'm old school. 3D printing FTW!

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    5. Re:My startup by theCat · · Score: 1

      "Crispr-on-demand" is going to become a very crowded play. China will dominate, as they will dominate in AI. Your best bet is to come up with a good product, and sell into a larger company. Take your $700K in tradable stock options (that's what I did) and get out.

      --
      =^..^= all your rodent are belong to us
    6. Re:My startup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Pfft. The next big thing is my new breakfast cereal - "Rice Crisprs"

    7. Re:My startup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Is there going to be an ICO?

    8. Re: My startup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You're going to get screwed by my new Crispr Creim. /me ducks /me swears he's not creimer.

    9. Re:My startup by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm the next Amazon for Crispr, so you're fucked buddy.

    10. Re:My startup by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      China will dominate

      Indeed. My daughter is a biotech major in college. She received four internship offers for this summer. Most of her classmates received zero. She was explicitly told that the difference was her ability to speak fluent Mandarin. Biotech is moving to China. America is regulating yet another industry out of existence.

    11. Re:My startup by kackle · · Score: 1

      Are you using blockchain technology? I would like to subscribe to your newsletter.

  3. I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    I am amazed Crispr's potential to ease human suffering.

    And I have no problem what so ever with the idea of "designer babies". As one who has to live with a few genetic diseases - they run in clusters, so I"m told - if a one could be spared such a physical and financial burden, I'm all for it.

    And with people being basically bald apes, if a man who is 5' 5" and a woman who is 5' want to have a kid, they should be able to design them to be a bit taller because the fact is that height matters.

    And if a couple who realize that they can't give their kid the talent to achieve in a very technical world want to buy their kid some talent in STEM, why not?

    Or should we cling to "morality" or "Gods' decision" and have "stupid people" being born? Because the fact is that there are too many ditch diggers in the World.

    1. Re:I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      Once everyone is tall and smart then no one will be. See how that works?

    2. Re:I don't care about computing. by ranton · · Score: 2

      Once everyone is tall and smart then no one will be. See how that works?

      That is kind of the point. Taking away at least some of peoples' built in disadvantages that is.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    3. Re:I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

      I think there was a movie with a villain whose very aim was exactly that, even.

    4. Re: I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I see no problem with raising the standard by helping those unborn babies with very bad starting conditions. .. I would have liked to have been born without my various mental and physical problems

      There would still be smart people and regular folk... regular folk would just be a little smarter and humanity wpuæd be better off as a whole

    5. Re:I don't care about computing. by Junta · · Score: 1

      It's one thing to eliminate debilitating genetic conditions.

      It's another to have designer genetics, carefully controlling height, eye color, hair color, whatever, things that in no way constrain ability to live, just a different cosmetic desire.

      It's even worse to go to 'I want to design my baby for STEM', you are now going to the point of deciding a career path right at the time of being an embryo.

      --
      XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve the problem, use more.
    6. Re:I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Anything Crispr can change is something you were already deciding for your child the only difference is you have the chance to choose something otehr than "randomly shuffle mine and your otehr parent's choices".

    7. Re: I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Can I program my baby to be gay? Always wanted a gay son.

    8. Re: I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      and what's wrong with a gay daughter, you sexist pig!

    9. Re:I don't care about computing. by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 2

      It's another to have designer genetics, carefully controlling height, eye color, hair color, whatever

      So because you "feel" this is wrong, you want to impose your morality on others? Look, if you want to have a baby the old fashioned way, and just randomly mix your DNA with someone you met on OkCupid.com, that is your right. But those of us preferring a more scientific method should have equal reproductive rights.

    10. Re: I don't care about computing. by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Actually, no. We don't know enough about that kind of complex trait. Nor intelligence, either. Height we will soon sort of be able to tinker with if you don't mind, say, some Watusi genes.

      The thing is, it's a lot easier to pick out genes that are both abnormal and injurious. And even then you need to wonder...there's evidence that some blood types protect against certain diseases, and other blood types protect against others. And you can't really have both. (AB exists, but there are probably good reasons why it's rare...and I'm talking causal reasons rather than arguments from statistics. There's got to be a reason that O is so common. There's been plenty of time for it to be selected away from.)

      IOW, this is an area with a whole lot of massive ignorance surrounding a few pieces of knowledge. The benefits often come with a hidden price tag. E.g., shorter people tend to live longer than taller people for many well known reasons. But taller people have other advantages...up to a point.

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    11. Re:I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      You may render actions, but you have no rights bitch. You may form a social-contract which delivers certain powers to you ... expressed within the community ... in exchange for services rendered within the community. If you treason you are executed and if you fuck-up you & your dependents die. You need a postcard palsy ?

    12. Re:I don't care about computing. by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      But it won't be equal. It will be more equal than others.

      History shows that classes/castes form if you give them the slightest excuse. Being born with a title, going to Oxvard or Yalebridge, plain old money.

      If you give them an excuse to think they're better than everybody else they'll take it - and this one is all the more dangerous because arguably it's to some extent true. It's human nature.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    13. Re:I don't care about computing. by Junta · · Score: 1

      I'm saying it's a bad idea for society, practically speaking.

      Gold rushes manifesting in how people deign the very genetics of their children. If we are lucky, it's a scam that doesn't do anything (which is likely now). If we were able to ingrain some sort of innate suitability for a profession, that first generation is going to be hyper-specialized for work that the previous generation estimated would be the 'hot job'.

      That aside, think of how much worse the stage parents are going to be, and how useless someone would be if we could indulge such parents in getting exactly what they want.

      All this before the ethical issue how much it would suck for the previous generation to have micromanaged your life choices down to the very fabric of your being (which is an overstatement of what we can achieve right now, but speaking to the ambition).

      As it stands, random chance is better at keeping us prepared for a flexible future than we would be on the whole.

      --
      XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve the problem, use more.
    14. Re:I don't care about computing. by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      Better educated parents provide their children with better nutrition, thus fostering brain development. So their children are intelligent and learn rapidly, causing the gap to open even wider.

      So is your solution to outlaw good nutrition and force everyone to eat junk? After all, that would "level the field".

      How is giving your kids good genes any worse than giving them good food?

    15. Re:I don't care about computing. by ShanghaiBill · · Score: 1

      I'm saying it's a bad idea for society, practically speaking.

      That is your opinion, based on zero evidence.

      As it stands, random chance is better at keeping us prepared for a flexible future than we would be on the whole.

      Yet obese people run up our heathcare costs, and prisons are filled with people on the wrong side of the brain's bell curve. Randomness doesn't seem to be working very well.

    16. Re:I don't care about computing. by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      So is your solution to outlaw good nutrition and force everyone to eat junk?

      Why yes! I said so in almost those exact words, didn't i?

      Oh wait. I didn't.

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
    17. Re: I don't care about computing. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      just have to point out that that is only half the story. The other half is both parents are statistically speakinv more likely to be smarter on average because of their genes. We know that intelligence is about 1/2 genetics. It doesn't make you more valuable as a human, being smarter, quicker, more curious, more inventive, but is definitely related to your genes.

    18. Re:I don't care about computing. by Junta · · Score: 1

      We have a diverse population, full of traits that are nothing but a waste now and we would want to eliminate them.

      Obesity (to the extent it is truly genetic anyway) is a horrible detriment and everyone wants to have zero jiggle anywhere on their body. Some circumstance comes along and will result in a food gap of about 3 months, only the obese *might* survive (people saying obese people have a lot of problems that will kill them first are accurate, but they are the only ones with enough built in fat stores to even theoretically make it, even if the vast majority of them would die too)..

      Having a diverse set of traits in the population to accommodate the unexpected is valuable, but that's not the way we think about things when we go to 'engineer' our population. We also don't want to plan for people who are needed, but not rare today (no one would design their kid to be a sanitation worker, but we need those).

      --
      XML is like violence. If it doesn't solve the problem, use more.
  4. Refreshing flavor, some Monsterism by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 1

    Yeah this'll work out great for the Chinese political prisoners who become the test bodies. It'll be GREAT!

  5. Fucacima kamakrazee by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    This is a recipe for disaster. The lunatics who know nothing about molecular biology can rave about it but don't realize that the mf drug addict at the curb might one day "sniff" some onto them and that will seal their lives. We need a moratorium on CRISPR pronto https://mcb.berkeley.edu/news-and-events/department-news/doudna-and-other-scientists-seek-worldwide-moratorium-human-genome

    1. Re:Fucacima kamakrazee by ranton · · Score: 2

      We need a moratorium on CRISPR pronto

      Damn right. If you are fat, dumb, slow, short, near-sighted, a high cancer risk, etc. then your kids better damn well be cursed with the same afflictions. Only those lucky enough to be born beautiful, healthy, and smart should have beautiful, healthy, and smart babies. As God intended.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
    2. Re:Fucacima kamakrazee by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 2, Insightful

      It doesn't work that way, what you're hoping for is still sci-fi. I have successfully engineered cell lines and mice by permanently altering their genomes using "classic" homologous recombination, which is less efficient than CRISPR but still works. This is not microelectronics or software development. The odds are still too high that any current genetic engineering method will result in a monster rather than a viable, healthy human. But I'm worried about is that Asia will not give a damn about any moratorium. Clinical tests will be conducted, people will die, and freaks will be born.

    3. Re:Fucacima kamakrazee by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      Dude, if Odin, Shiva, and Buddha had meant for babies to be born beautiful, healthy, and smart they wouldn't have invented plastic surgery, pharmaceutical companies, and reality TV.

      Kardashian's: case in point.

    4. Re:Fucacima kamakrazee by ranton · · Score: 1

      It doesn't work that way, what you're hoping for is still sci-fi.

      That is why the title said Biology will be the next big computing platform, not that it already is. But CRISPR does appear to be the type of advance which changes what we think of as possible. It certainly is affecting the amount of R&D spending invested in this industry.

      --
      -- All that is necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. -- Edmund Burke
  6. I hear the Tyrell Corporation is doing cool stuff. by bill.pev · · Score: 1

    More human THAN human. And by 2019, they won't have longevity expiration dates.

  7. Allow me to clarify TFA for you all: by Rick+Schumann · · Score: 1
  8. Priorities by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Yes, biological computing will be awesome. However first things first.

    I suggest that everyone reading this go up the stairs to the kitchen and take out the trash for his mom. Be a good son for a change. 'K? Try to be nice to her today. 'K?

  9. Its an acronym so its all caps.. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    its CRISPR
    no idea what Crispr is

  10. bingo! by bigdavex · · Score: 1

    This sounds great. Also, add AI and block-chain technology.

    --
    -Dave
  11. Life imitating art by theCat · · Score: 1

    I'm writing a novel based on some of the reported advances. I started it 20 years ago, as a grad student in biology with an interest in computers. I gave up biology and now I'm a software engineer, I return to writing my novel once in a while for relaxation. My novel covers some of the same ground as the news, over the years I have steadily watched my "fiction" slowly become "fact", so now I tell people I really have to get the thing published before it becomes less like speculation, and more like an industry blog.

    I will reveal this. The technology in my novel ends up watching humans drive themselves to extinction, then simply steps into our position as apex species without skipping a beat. History never records that change. Be careful what you long for.

    --
    =^..^= all your rodent are belong to us
    1. Re:Life imitating art by ColdWetDog · · Score: 1

      Well, you've got some competition. Just how many SF novels out there use gene enhancement as a major or minor plot device? Gazillions, I think. With results all over the map (although most would be considered dystopian).

      The problem is that reality will be much less sensible than even the most twisted B-movie straight-to-SY FY channel production.

      We're doomed.

      --
      Faster! Faster! Faster would be better!
    2. Re:Life imitating art by HiThere · · Score: 1

      Outside of more modern tech, how is that different that Brave New World? Or perhaps your version is closer to R.U.R.? (Rossum's Universal Robots...only by robot Karel ÄOEapek meant synthetic human.)

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    3. Re:Life imitating art by gurps_npc · · Score: 1

      Very common fear, very unlikely to come true. Humans are extremely good at killing things. We do it all the time, mostly without even realizing it. Whoops, there were passenger pigeons here just a short time ago.

      If we do manage to wipe ourselves out, most likely we be killing everything that is alive on a macro level. Microscopic stuff will survive us, but nothing bigger than a house cat.

      We tend to over-estimate the value of things we create, failing to understand the massive amount of human maintenance most modern tech requires. We do things like "lets get rid of the need for blinking" and wonder why we have to replace the freaking lens often.

      And most likely we would do it incrementally, via breeding. I.E. If we create a new Apex species (as in The TV show The Crossing"), it will be breed-able with humans. That is the most likely method to eliminate humans, by breeding with us till the original genome is almost entirely gone. There would still be remnants of our original DNA in the new species.

      Sort of like how most humans have a tiny bit of Neanderthal DNA in them today.

        (The idea of replacing us with silicon based tech is ridiculous. It only appears fast because it has humans around to do the standard maintenance and viral defense. Organic tech is so much better and faster, it's just we have to do our own maintenance and viral defense yet still has processing power to screw around on Slashdot.).

      --
      excitingthingstodo.blogspot.com
  12. THIS IS BAD! by NicknameUnavailable · · Score: 1

    Aside from the fact Theranos should have made it abundantly clear that Silicon Valley is nothing but marketing and sales shills who have no place in tech, let alone science - this is overwhelmingly bad. Offering GM Human cell lines is fucked, even offering GM mammal cell lines is fucked. The GM isn't even the bad part of that. It is super easy for things to mutate in a mammal cell culture, then infect the researcher, then infect others. It's even possible (as in likely, not "possible" as in "it could happen") for a virus to mutate cross-species when it infects mammal cells in culture a researcher comes in contact with. Even in the DIYbio community the general consensus is "don't fuck with mammal cell cultures unless you absolutely have to, and do it in a proper lab."

  13. DNA computing is fun by macklin01 · · Score: 2

    We taught a little of this in some of our engineering courses this Spring. Suppose gene A down-regulates gene B, and gene B down-regulates gene A. Then if (A,B) is your network state, (1,0) and (0,1) are stable states, and all intermediate states go back to one of these. This is a bistable toggle. It's a way to write a bit of data to a cell.

    Now, add two more genes: A promotes P which blocks A. B promotes Q which blocks B. This turns the system into a biological oscillator. Now you have a system click with tics (A up and B down) and tocs (A down and B up). Fun stuff.

    --
    OpenSource.MathCancer.org: open source comp bio
    1. Re:DNA computing is fun by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      As an ex-computer scientist and now a biologist working on cell modelisation, I would say that you are the victim of 'A little knowledge is a dangerous thing'. Biologist will explain to you mostly like you described and as not a biologist, you will think that it is all about this phenomena. But this is far from reality. Biologists always over-simplify and they never say that they are doing so because this common knowledge in the domain.

      You are probably thinking that when a biologist says that a protein (or a rna) down regulate the expression of a gene then only this gene is down regulated and that the effect works every single time. But in reality, the protein have got only a certain probability to bind in the right place of the DNA to down regulate the gene, the protein interact too with a lot of other molecules.

      "Programming" a cell is like a computer program where each time you assign one variable as a side effect you get thousands change in others variables.

      As today, we have a very hard time to modelise anything but the very simple thing. No, the cell is not the new programming environment: predicting the simplest behavior is already very hard. The cells is amazingly complex non-linear dynamical system where stochastic effects have very important roles. A cell is everything but a sane programming environment. You won't see before a long time a major reprogramming of a cell or a new organism build from scratch.

  14. It was the first by Hognoxious · · Score: 4, Funny

    Darwin: Actually, biology was the original computing platform.

    Wallace: I said it first!

    Mendel: No, it was me!

    [whispered] shove your peas up your butt

    Mendel: Who said that? I'll smash his fucking face in!

    Darwin & Wallace, in unison: Lamarck, like always.

    God: Play nice, or I'll send you all back as tapeworms.

    --
    Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  15. Amazon of Crispr by GrahamJ · · Score: 1

    What could possibly go wrong?

    1. Re:Amazon of Crispr by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I for one welcome our new human-ursine-porcine overlords!

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  16. Crispr = Blockchain by pesho · · Score: 5, Insightful

    I have worked with Crispr/Cas9 for the past two years and have used the very nice product of one of the companies cited in the article (Synthego). This article makes no sense whatsoever. You can replace every instance of Crispr in the article with Blockchain and it will make exactly as much sense and be even better clickbait. Two of the companies offer cheap DNA/RNA synthesis service. The third one has cloned yet another Cas9 related enzyme, but still needs to show that the enzyme is of any use. Where does the "computing platform" come from is a mystery to me.

    1. Re:Crispr = Blockchain by Phat_Tony · · Score: 1
      Thank you.

      This "news story" reads like one of the Dilbert comics where someone with no understanding of the meaning of the words mashes a bunch of buzzwords together.

      "They're betting biology will be the next great computing platform, DNA will be the code that runs it, and Crispr will be the programming language."

      None of these companies are looking at biology as a computing platform.

      While they aren't trying to use biology to perform computation, there are a number of ways computers are good parallels for biology. But even then, they get that wrong. DNA is a storage medium - it's like a hard drive, not software code. The DNA stores the software code. Genes are like code. CRISPR is nothing remotely like a programming language - it's like the combination of firmware and physical write mechanisms in a drive that allow the drive to actually go write values to the right places.

      --
      Can anyone tell me how to set my sig on Slashdot?
    2. Re:Crispr = Blockchain by HiThere · · Score: 2

      It doesn't take much to have a Turing Complete system. DNA in a cell *is* such a system. So the problem here isn't that they are lying. But I suspect the only new thing here is the kind of hype they are using.

      OTOH, so far I haven't been very impressed by the demonstrations I've heard of. Most of them sound like they work, but they don't look very controllable, and control is the difficult part of a Turing Complete system. (Actually, most of the systems aren't actually Turing Complete, but only recursively Turing Complete. But that suffices for almost all possible uses. And again, the problem is control.)

      --

      I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
    3. Re:Crispr = Blockchain by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      100% agreed. I'm in this space as well and know folks from all three companies. This article is complete nonsense.

  17. Sigh. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    No, it won't. Investors beware.

  18. Any editors at /. that actually can edit? by YVRGeek · · Score: 0

    For Pete's sake! It's CRISPR; it's an acronym and not a word so it needs to be all incapitals. I'm getting really tired of the /. editors not bothering to actually edit the posts they approve. The level of English diction here is just terrible and getting worse by the month.

  19. Impossible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Biology is a social construct.

    1. Re: Impossible by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

      I'm pretty sure you got that backwards. Shouldn't it be, "Society is a biological construct?"

  20. I assume, nonsense by Actually,+I+do+RTFA · · Score: 1

    . As Megan Molteni writes, "all these analogies to the computing industry are more than just wordplay." Rather, they offer a language for understanding the complex world of Crispr

    So that means all those analogies to the computing industry are like "the CPU is the brain of the computer" and "the internet is a series of tubes."

    --
    Your ad here. Ask me how!
    1. Re:I assume, nonsense by Hognoxious · · Score: 1

      I always thought that was reference to plumbing, but I suppose intestines are tubes too. And in one way it's more accurate.

      Sturgeon's law, isn't it?

      --
      Confucius say, "Find worm in apple - bad. Find half a worm - worse."
  21. achievement unlocked by Thud457 · · Score: 1

    So now DNA is self-modifying code?
    Neat.

    Cue ob. Dr Malcom in 3...2...1...

    --

    the preceding comment is my own and in no way reflects the opinion of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

  22. Re:I hear the Tyrell Corporation is doing cool stu by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    You mean these guys: https://www.tyrrellscrisps.co.uk/

    They know loads about Crisps

  23. Sorry, Karel Capek with a macron over the "C" by HiThere · · Score: 1

    I copied the name from Google, it it looked right when I pasted it, but somehow it changed during posting.

    --

    I think we've pushed this "anyone can grow up to be president" thing too far.
  24. Hype hype hype. I do love me some hype. by Anonymous Coward · · Score: 0

    Every new thing, some breathless journo, hyping it up.